CN104073623A - Roller hearth type annealing furnace temperature control method - Google Patents
Roller hearth type annealing furnace temperature control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgic production. A roller hearth type annealing furnace temperature control method comprises the following steps of: a first step: calculating a target temperature of a product heating section outlet corresponding to a heating curve set by the process; a second step: calculating a steel billet temperature; a third step: calculating residual heating time from the steel billet to the end of the heating section; a fourth step: carrying out feed forward control onto the heating temperature, taking the steel billet temperature calculated in the second step as a starting point, taking the process curve as furnace temperature input by utilizing residual heating time t calculated in the third step, predicating a temperature Tpre of the steel billet that reaches the end of the heating section according to the given time step length delta t, then, obtaining deviation between the predicated temperature and the target temperature and obtaining the feed forward temperature control amount of the section on which the steel billet lies; a fifth step: determining feedback control amount of the heating temperature by utilizing deviation between the calculated result of a temperature tracking model of the steel billet at the outlet of the heating section and the target temperature on the position of the steel billet; a sixth step: carrying out temperature setting control of feed forward and feedback onto the roller hearth furnace heating section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical production technical field, relate to annealing furnace temperature-controlled process.
Background technology
Roller bottom type annealing furnace transports heat-treated wood with furnace rolls road, along the whole length of stove, a roller is installed at a certain distance, material moves on roller, all can arrange burner heat supply at the above and below burner hearth of roller, stove is divided into multiple control sections, each section can be divided into again multiple control regions, and thermopair is equipped with in each control region, for Control for Kiln Temperature.The heat treatment furnace of general Special Steel Enterprise does not all have mathematical model, directly adopts thermal treatment temp curve, controls temperature and the roller table speed of each section by L1, meets the requirement of thermal treatment process to temperature and time., the furnace temperature curve of heat treatment furnace reality, can not represent steel temperature curve, this difference is for very small dimension or very thin product, impact is not very remarkable, still, for the steel material of large specification, has just had a great impact, especially the impact on soaking time, soaking time is short, can affect quality product, and soaking time has been grown, can affect rhythm, also waste energy.In addition, the method for controlling operation thereof of intensification control section also has very large uncertainty, and product temperature fluctuation ratio is larger, causes the waste of the energy and the fluctuation of quality product.For example, for the steel grade that needs Spheroidizing Annealing, the fluctuation of intensification control section temperature and soaking zone soaking time, directly affects quality product; For the steel grade that needs stress relief annealing, soaking time is too short, does not reach expected effect, and soaking time is long to waste energy.
In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, in the scope that operator can only allow in technique, allow temperature schedule stable as far as possible, but, for the special steel thermal treatment steel of many specifications, many kinds, owing to lacking model, cannot refine to technique of a product, but grouping, be divided into one group close description, adopt identical heat treatment cycle curve, carry out Control for Kiln Temperature.This same steel grade, size difference, the situation that heating process is identical, in heat-processed, the relation of dimensional effect, will cause the fluctuation of quality product.In addition, due to roller bottom type annealing furnace intensification control section relate to can control section many, generally can adopt more conservative method, steel billet enters after stove, in the situation that technique allows, heating, prevents heating efficiency deficiency below as far as possible, or do not reach soaking temperature, this must cause the unreasonable of the fluctuation of quality product and energy utilization.These control methods, all more conservative, with experience character, cannot solve the problem that current special steel heat treatment furnace temperature surface faces.Therefore, need to utilize new technique means, heat treatment process is carried out precisely controlling efficiently.This just need to be from the equipment of stove at the bottom of roller, using the target of the parameter of the parameter of material, billet bloom size, technique etc. as input, through real-time model calculation, provides the most rational Heating temperature, and complete setup control.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
Technical problem solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process, is characterized in that, the first step is obtained steel billet temperature calculating data, after product shove charge completes, adopts the temperature model of steel billet to calculate the target temperature of the product heating zone outlet that the given heating curve of technique is corresponding; Second step, according to the position at steel billet place and electric thermo-couple temperature, utilizes temperature model to calculate steel billet temperature; The 3rd step, utilizes the length of the setting speed of roller-way, each heating zone and the position of steel billet, and calculating steel billet is to the residue heat-up time at heating zone section end; The 4th step, carries out feed forward control to Heating temperature, and the steel billet temperature calculating taking step 2 is starting point, steel billet residue t heat-up time that utilizes step 3 to calculate, input as furnace temperature using process curve, according to given time step Δ t, forecast steel billet arrives the temperature T at heating zone section end
pre, then obtain the deviation of forecast temperature and target temperature, and then obtain the feedforward temperature manipulated variable of steel billet place section; The 5th step, utilize the calculation result of heating zone outlet position steel billet temperature trace model and with the deviation of steel billet at the target temperature at this place, determine the feedback control amount of Heating temperature; The 6th step, at the bottom of pair roller, stove heating zone is carried out the Temperature Setting control of " feedforward+feedback ".
In the first step, described steel billet temperature calculates the specific heat, density, thermal conductivity, size etc. that comprise steel billet by data.After product shove charge completes, the heating curve that adopting process is given and furnace roller translational speed, simulation steel billet moves in stove, utilize temperature trace model, calculate the temperature of steel billet in each position, thereby obtain the temperature of steel billet in each heating zone outlet, draw the target temperature of product in each heating zone outlet.The temperature model of steel billet adopts heat-conduction equation to express, and solves with difference algorithm.
If steel billet is round steel, the temperature model of steel billet can be expressed as:
If steel billet is slab, T can be expressed as:
Q is the hot-fluid that steel billet externally carries out heat exchange, and expression formula is as follows:
q(t)=ε·σ·{(T
G(t)+273)
4-(T
S(t)+273)
4}
Wherein:
ε: combined radiation coefficient in stove
σ: Stiemann-Bltzmann constant
T
s(t): billet surface temperature
T
g(t): annealing furnace furnace gas temperature
R: round steel radius
H: slab thickness half
C: the specific heat of steel billet
ρ: the density of steel billet
λ: the thermal conductivity of steel billet
In second step, the electric thermo-couple temperature of each position in current time annealing furnace, couple together with straight line, form the furnace temperature curve in stove, then use the position at steel billet place, carry out interpolation, obtain steel billet corresponding furnace gas temperature T in stove
g, finally, utilizing the temperature model of steel billet, the temperature model of the steel billet that employing step 1 provides calculates steel billet medial temperature T
act.
In the 3rd step, utilize formula
residue t heat-up time that calculates heating zone section end, steel billet place, wherein, l is the residue length of steel billet place heating zone, the physical length that the residue length of steel billet position present segment is this section deducts the length of steel billet current position apart from this section of entrance.V is the given roller table speed of each section of technique.
In the 4th step, utilize formula
obtain the feedforward temperature manipulated variable of steel billet place section, wherein, i is segment number, k
ifor the feed forward control coefficient k of heating zone
i∈ (0,1], T
targetfor the last target temperature of section of steel billet place heating zone, T
prefor the forecast temperature at steel billet arrival heating zone section end.
In the 5th step, feedback control amount is feedback temperature value, utilizes formula
calculate feedback temperature value, wherein, i is segment number, β
i∈ [0,1] is the feedback proportional coefficient of each section, T
targetfor the last target temperature of section of steel billet place heating zone, T
actfor steel billet is followed the tracks of temperature.
In the 6th step, at the bottom of pair roller, stove heating zone is carried out the Temperature Setting control of " feedforward+feedback ".The temperature of intensification control section is set according to the given cycle, the set(ting)value of soaking zone and other section of temperature is technological temperature.Heating each section of furnace gas temperature set(ting)value is:
wherein i is the segment number of intensification control section,
the each section of furnace temperature providing for technique,
be the feed forward control amount of i section,
it is the feedback control amount of i section.
Embodiment
For technique means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below further set forth the present invention.
A kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process, is characterized in that, the first step is obtained steel billet temperature calculating data, after product shove charge completes, adopts the temperature model of steel billet to calculate the target temperature of the product heating zone outlet that the given heating curve of technique is corresponding; Second step, according to the position at steel billet place and electric thermo-couple temperature, utilizes temperature model to calculate steel billet temperature; The 3rd step, utilizes the length of the setting speed of roller-way, each heating zone and the position of steel billet, and calculating steel billet is to the residue heat-up time at heating zone section end; The 4th step, carries out feed forward control to Heating temperature, and the steel billet temperature calculating taking step 2 is starting point, steel billet residue t heat-up time that utilizes step 3 to calculate, input as furnace temperature using process curve, according to given time step Δ t, forecast steel billet arrives the temperature T at heating zone section end
pre, then obtain the deviation of forecast temperature and target temperature, and then obtain the feedforward temperature manipulated variable of steel billet place section; The 5th step, utilize the calculation result of heating zone outlet position steel billet temperature trace model and with the deviation of steel billet at the target temperature at this place, determine the feedback control amount of Heating temperature; The 6th step, at the bottom of pair roller, stove heating zone is carried out the Temperature Setting control of " feedforward+feedback ".
In the first step, described steel billet temperature calculates the specific heat, density, thermal conductivity, size etc. that comprise steel billet by data.After product shove charge completes, the heating curve that adopting process is given and furnace roller translational speed, simulation steel billet moves in stove, utilize temperature trace model, calculate the temperature of steel billet in each position, thereby obtain the temperature of steel billet in each heating zone outlet, draw the target temperature of product in each heating zone outlet.The temperature model of steel billet adopts heat-conduction equation to express, and solves with difference algorithm.
If steel billet is round steel, the temperature model of steel billet can be expressed as:
If steel billet is slab, T can be expressed as:
Q is the hot-fluid that steel billet externally carries out heat exchange, and expression formula is as follows:
q(t)=ε·σ·{(T
G(t)+273)
4-(T
S(t)+273)
4}
Wherein:
ε: combined radiation coefficient in stove
σ: Stiemann-Bltzmann constant
T
s(t): billet surface temperature
T
g(t): annealing furnace furnace gas temperature
R: round steel radius
H: slab thickness half
C: the specific heat of steel billet
ρ: the density of steel billet
λ: the thermal conductivity of steel billet
In second step, the electric thermo-couple temperature of each position in current time annealing furnace, couple together with straight line, form the furnace temperature curve in stove, then use the position at steel billet place, carry out interpolation, obtain steel billet corresponding furnace gas temperature T in stove
g, finally, utilizing the temperature model of steel billet, the temperature model of the steel billet that employing step 1 provides calculates steel billet medial temperature T
act.
In the 3rd step, utilize formula
residue t heat-up time that calculates heating zone section end, steel billet place, wherein, l is the residue length of steel billet place heating zone, the physical length that the residue length of steel billet position present segment is this section deducts the length of steel billet current position apart from this section of entrance.V is the given roller table speed of each section of technique.
In the 4th step, utilize formula
obtain the feedforward temperature manipulated variable of steel billet place section, wherein, i is segment number, k
ifor the feed forward control coefficient k of heating zone
i∈ (0,1], T
targetfor the last target temperature of section of steel billet place heating zone, T
prefor the forecast temperature at steel billet arrival heating zone section end.
In the 5th step, feedback control amount is feedback temperature value, utilizes formula
calculate feedback temperature value, wherein, i is segment number, β
i∈ [0,1] is the feedback proportional coefficient of each section, T
targetfor the last target temperature of section of steel billet place heating zone, T
actfor steel billet is followed the tracks of temperature.
In the 6th step, at the bottom of pair roller, stove heating zone is carried out the Temperature Setting control of " feedforward+feedback ".The temperature of intensification control section is set according to the given cycle, the set(ting)value of soaking zone and other section of temperature is technological temperature.Heating each section of furnace gas temperature set(ting)value is:
wherein i is the segment number of intensification control section,
the each section of furnace temperature providing for technique,
be the feed forward control amount of i section,
it is the feedback control amount of i section.
Specific embodiment:
A kind of special steel bar continuous roller bottom type annealing furnace, furnace length 112m, comprises that each control section is divided into again 2 control regions into stove section, the section of coming out of the stove and 11 control sections, each control region is provided with thermopair.Design control section length and rated output are as follows:
| Control segment number | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| Length | 3 | 6.07 | 4.95 | 4.95 | 7.875 | 7.875 | 8.1 | 11.25 | 11.25 | 11.25 | 11.25 | 11.47 | 12.6 |
| Design power KW | 0 | 750 | 450 | 208 | 208 | 208 | 208 | 260 | 260 | 208 | 208 | 208 | 0 |
Utilize this annealing furnace, certain steel alloy pole is carried out to stress relief annealing, specification Ф 40mm, furnace bottom cloth intensity 500kg/m, annealing process is as follows, and wherein control section 1～4 is the section that heats up, and 5～7 is soaking zone, and 8～11 control section burners are not worked, furnace cooling.In table, the technique furnace temperature of the section that heats up is the setting furnace temperature of the 2nd control region of this control section, and the setting furnace temperature of first control region of the section that heats up is the mean value of former and later two temperature control district design temperatures; The technique furnace temperature of soaking zone is the setting furnace temperature of these 2 control regions of control section.
Annealing process requires: when product introduction soaking zone (the 5th control section), reach 680 ± 5 DEG C of medial temperatures, soaking soaking time is not less than 2.5 hours.
According to step 1, obtain each control section and corresponding to the product section end target temperature under standard technology furnace temperature be:
| Stove segment number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| Technique furnace temperature DEG C | 550 | 600 | 670 | 680 | 680 | 680 | 680 | - | - | - | - |
| Product section end temperature DEG C | 333.8 | 548.9 | 635.7 | 675.8 | 679.7 | 680.0 | 679.5 | - | - | - | - |
In the present embodiment, have along its length 2 batches of products in stove, product 1 is positioned at the mid-way of control section 2, and product 2 is positioned at the mid-way of control section 4.In stove, on the basis of actual thermocouple measuring temperature, be 440 DEG C by the temperature of the product 1 under step 2 current state that iterative computation obtains in real time, the temperature of product 2 is 665 DEG C, and current each roller table speed is 9m/h.
Calculate by step 3, product 1 and 2 arrival required estimated times of this control section entry position of product are respectively 0.275h and 0.4375h.Utilize standard technology temperature as temperature curve in stove, taking the product temperature under current state as starting point, the temperature that iterative computation product arrives corresponding intensification control section section end is respectively 332.0 DEG C and 676.5 DEG C.
In the time carrying out furnace temperature adjusting, only regulate for the control section at product place, there is no product or soaking zone, do not carry out furnace temperature adjusting, set according to technique furnace temperature, under current state, can setup control section 1 be 550 DEG C, control section 3 be 670 DEG C, and control section 5,6,7 is 680 DEG C.
Under current state, the last position of section of control section 2 and control section 4 does not have product, and therefore feedback temperature is got 0 DEG C, gets the furnace temperature feed-forward regulation coefficient k of the section that heats up
ibe 0.75, can controlled section 2 and the furnace temperature feed-forward regulation value of control section 4 be respectively 2.4 DEG C and-0.93 DEG C.
The setting furnace temperature obtaining after rounding under current state is:
| Stove segment number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| Technique furnace temperature DEG C | 550 | 602 | 670 | 679 | 680 | 680 | 680 | - | - | - | - |
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification sheets, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process, it is characterized in that, the first step is obtained steel billet temperature calculating data, after product shove charge completes, adopts the temperature model of steel billet to calculate the target temperature of the product heating zone outlet that the given heating curve of technique is corresponding; Second step, according to the position at steel billet place and electric thermo-couple temperature, utilizes temperature model to calculate steel billet temperature; The 3rd step, utilizes the length of the setting speed of roller-way, each heating zone and the position of steel billet, and calculating steel billet is to the residue heat-up time at heating zone section end; The 4th step, carries out feed forward control to Heating temperature, and the steel billet temperature calculating taking step 2 is starting point, steel billet residue t heat-up time that utilizes step 3 to calculate, input as furnace temperature using process curve, according to given time step Δ t, forecast steel billet arrives the temperature T at heating zone section end
pre, then obtain the deviation of forecast temperature and target temperature, and then obtain the feedforward temperature manipulated variable of steel billet place section; The 5th step, utilize the calculation result of heating zone outlet position steel billet temperature trace model and with the deviation of steel billet at the target temperature at this place, determine the feedback control amount of Heating temperature; The 6th step, at the bottom of pair roller, stove heating zone is carried out the Temperature Setting control of " feedforward+feedback ".
2. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the first step, described steel billet temperature calculates the specific heat, density, thermal conductivity, the size that comprise steel billet by data.
3. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, after product shove charge completes, the heating curve that adopting process is given and furnace roller translational speed, simulation steel billet moves in stove, utilizes temperature trace model, calculates the temperature of steel billet in each position, thereby obtain the temperature of steel billet in each heating zone outlet, draw the target temperature of product in each heating zone outlet.
4. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the temperature model of steel billet adopts heat-conduction equation to express, and solves with difference algorithm, and steel billet is round steel, and the temperature model of steel billet can be expressed as:
Q is the hot-fluid that steel billet externally carries out heat exchange, and expression formula is as follows:
q(t)=ε·σ·{(T
G(t)+273)
4-(T
S(t)+273)
4}
Wherein: ε: combined radiation coefficient in stove, σ: Stiemann-Bltzmann constant, T
s(t): billet surface temperature, T
g(t): annealing furnace furnace gas temperature, R: round steel radius, h: slab thickness half, c: the specific heat of steel billet, ρ: the density of steel billet, λ: the thermal conductivity of steel billet.
5. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the temperature model of steel billet adopts heat-conduction equation to express, and solves with difference algorithm, and steel billet is slab, and T can be expressed as:
Q is the hot-fluid that steel billet externally carries out heat exchange, and expression formula is as follows:
q(t)=ε·σ·{(T
G(t)+273)
4-(T
S(t)+273)
4}
Wherein: ε: combined radiation coefficient in stove, σ: Stiemann-Bltzmann constant, T
s(t): billet surface temperature, T
g(t): annealing furnace furnace gas temperature, R: round steel radius, h: slab thickness half, c: the specific heat of steel billet, ρ: the density of steel billet, λ: the thermal conductivity of steel billet.
6. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in second step, the electric thermo-couple temperature of each position in current time annealing furnace, couple together with straight line, form the furnace temperature curve in stove, then use the position at steel billet place, carry out interpolation, obtain the furnace gas temperature T of steel billet correspondence in stove
g, finally, utilizing the temperature model of steel billet, the temperature model of the steel billet that employing step 1 provides calculates steel billet medial temperature T
act.
7. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the 3rd step, utilizes formula
calculate residue t heat-up time at heating zone section end, steel billet place, wherein, l is the residue length of steel billet place heating zone, and the physical length that the residue length of steel billet position present segment is this section deducts the length of steel billet current position apart from this section of entrance, and V is the given roller table speed of each section of technique.
8. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the 4th step, utilizes formula
obtain the feedforward temperature manipulated variable of steel billet place section, wherein, i is segment number, k
ifor the feed forward control coefficient k of heating zone
i∈ (0,1], T
targetfor the last target temperature of section of steel billet place heating zone, T
prefor the forecast temperature at steel billet arrival heating zone section end.
9. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the 5th step, feedback control amount is feedback temperature value, utilizes formula
calculate feedback temperature value, wherein, i is segment number, β
i∈ [0,1] is the feedback proportional coefficient of each section, T
targetfor the last target temperature of section of steel billet place heating zone, T
actfor steel billet is followed the tracks of temperature.
10. a kind of roller bottom type annealing furnace temperature-controlled process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the 6th step, at the bottom of pair roller, stove heating zone is carried out the Temperature Setting control of " feedforward+feedback ".The temperature of intensification control section is set according to the given cycle, the set(ting)value of soaking zone and other section of temperature is technological temperature, heats each section of furnace gas temperature set(ting)value to be:
wherein i is the segment number of intensification control section,
the each section of furnace temperature providing for technique,
be the feed forward control amount of i section,
it is the feedback control amount of i section.
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| CN106191411A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-12-07 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of time inside furnace control method for steel plate heat treatment |
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| CN105349768A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-24 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Heating control method for radiant tube of continuous annealing furnace |
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| CN111630192A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2020-09-04 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Method for heating steel sheet in continuous annealing and continuous annealing apparatus |
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| CN114134310A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-04 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel burning method for forward movement of heat load |
| CN114134310B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2023-09-05 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel burning method with forward heat load |
| CN113088679A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-09 | 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 | Method for setting furnace temperature lifting rate of cold rolling continuous annealing furnace |
| CN113174470A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-27 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | F45MnVS steel continuous normalizing heat treatment method |
| CN113174470B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-03-08 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | F45MnVS steel continuous normalizing heat treatment method |
| CN115522040A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic temperature control method for cold rolling continuous annealing furnace |
| CN115522040B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2024-06-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for temperature of cold-rolling continuous annealing furnace |
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