CN104073008A - Plant straw and biogum compound material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant straw and biogum compound material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104073008A CN104073008A CN201410304275.4A CN201410304275A CN104073008A CN 104073008 A CN104073008 A CN 104073008A CN 201410304275 A CN201410304275 A CN 201410304275A CN 104073008 A CN104073008 A CN 104073008A
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims 5
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011173 biocomposite Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 108010027529 Bio-glue Proteins 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101710145505 Fiber protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
一种植物秸秆与生物胶复合材料及其制备方法，该复合材料是由天然植物秸秆，生物胶和防水剂组成，其中植物秸秆为80％，生物胶为20％，合计为100％，防水剂为植物秸秆和生物胶总重量的2％；植物秸秆选用麦秸秆，生物胶选用植物蛋白胶，防水剂选用甘油；其制备方法在于，植物秸秆经粉碎、烘干，生物胶经烘干与防水剂混合，铺装，模压成型，冷却成型，制得一定规格的复合材料；同时制备的复合材料具有木质制品的外观和木塑复合材料的加工特性，使用范围广。A plant straw and bio-glue composite material and a preparation method thereof, the composite material is composed of natural plant straw, bio-glue and waterproofing agent, wherein the plant straw is 80%, the bio-glue is 20%, the total is 100%, and the waterproofing agent It is 2% of the total weight of plant straw and bio-glue; wheat straw is used for plant straw, vegetable protein glue is used for bio-glue, and glycerin is used for waterproofing agent; the preparation method is that the plant straw is crushed and dried, and the bio-glue is dried and waterproofed. Agent mixing, paving, compression molding, cooling molding, to produce composite materials of certain specifications; at the same time, the composite materials prepared have the appearance of wood products and the processing characteristics of wood-plastic composite materials, and have a wide range of applications.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用麦秸秆纤维与植物蛋白胶制备的生物质复合材料，具体地说涉及一种植物秸秆与生物复合材料及其制备方法，属于复合材料制造技术领域。The invention relates to a biomass composite material prepared by wheat straw fiber and plant protein glue, in particular to a plant straw and biological composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite material manufacturing.
背景技术Background technique
生物质复合材料是一种新材料，有可完全降解的特点，无污染，是一种新型环境友好材料，受到越来越多的关注。Biomass composite material is a new material, which is completely degradable and non-polluting. It is a new type of environmentally friendly material and has received more and more attention.
我国森林资源总量不足，而稻、麦秸秆年产量约为14亿吨。麦秸秆纤维增强复合材料已有涉及，但主要集中在麦秸秆与塑料的复合材料，以生物胶植物蛋白胶为基体的复合材料还鲜见报道。农作物的废弃物燃烧是造成环境污染的一大根源，植物蛋白胶为纯天然，不添加任何化学试剂，因此用麦秸秆与植物蛋白胶制备的复合材料具有重要的经济效益与环保意义。The total amount of forest resources in my country is insufficient, while the annual output of rice and wheat straw is about 1.4 billion tons. Wheat straw fiber-reinforced composite materials have been involved, but they mainly focus on the composite materials of wheat straw and plastics, and the composite materials based on bioglue and plant protein glue are rarely reported. The burning of crop waste is a major source of environmental pollution. Plant protein glue is pure natural without adding any chemical reagents. Therefore, the composite material prepared from wheat straw and plant protein glue has important economic benefits and environmental protection significance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种麦秸秆生物质复合材料，解决了植物秸秆利用不足造成的大量浪费和焚烧造成的环境污染，以及一般木塑复合材料的不可完全自然降解的问题；同时提供上述复合材料的制备方法，解决制造工艺难度大，生产成本高的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wheat straw biomass composite material, which solves the problem of a large amount of waste caused by insufficient utilization of plant straw, environmental pollution caused by incineration, and the incomplete natural degradation of general wood-plastic composite materials; The preparation method of the material solves the problems of difficult manufacturing process and high production cost.
本发明的技术方案是，一种生物质复合材料，由麦秸秆、植物蛋白胶、防水剂组成，按照重量百分比，麦秸秆为80％，植物蛋白胶为20％，麦秸秆和植物蛋白胶合计为100％，防水剂为麦秸秆和植物蛋白胶总重量的2％；防水剂选择甘油。The technical solution of the present invention is that a biomass composite material is composed of wheat straw, vegetable protein glue, and waterproofing agent. According to the weight percentage, the wheat straw is 80%, the vegetable protein glue is 20%, and the total of wheat straw and vegetable protein glue is 100%, the waterproofing agent is 2% of the total weight of wheat straw and vegetable protein glue; the waterproofing agent selects glycerin.
一种植物秸秆与生物复合材料及其制备方法是按照以下步骤实施：A plant straw and biological composite material and a preparation method thereof are implemented according to the following steps:
步骤1：将麦秸秆分选去杂，粉粹至长度为10-20mm的纤维，然后烘干备用；将购买的植物蛋白胶烘干备用；Step 1: Sorting and removing impurities from the wheat straw, pulverizing it into fibers with a length of 10-20mm, and then drying for later use; drying the purchased vegetable protein glue for later use;
步骤2：按照重量百分比称量麦秸秆纤维为80％，植物蛋白胶为20％，合计重量百分比为100％，另外再称量添加剂为麦秸秆和植物蛋白胶总重量的2％；Step 2: weighing 80% of the wheat straw fiber and 20% of the vegetable protein glue according to the weight percentage, the total weight percentage is 100%, and weighing the additive to be 2% of the total weight of the wheat straw and the vegetable protein glue;
步骤3：将步骤2称量的三种材料混合，搅拌10min；Step 3: Mix the three materials weighed in step 2 and stir for 10 minutes;
步骤4：将步骤3得到的混合材料铺装在100×120的模具中，用常温下的平板硫化机压紧模具，再继续铺装混合材料，直至把所有材料装进模具中；Step 4: Pave the mixed material obtained in step 3 in a 100×120 mold, press the mold with a flat vulcanizing machine at room temperature, and continue to pave the mixed material until all the materials are loaded into the mold;
步骤5：将平板硫化机的压力调为6Mpa，温度调为170℃，待温度达到设定温度，即可将装有材料的模具放入平板硫化机，并闭模，模压时间为20min；Step 5: Adjust the pressure of the flat vulcanizer to 6Mpa and the temperature to 170°C. When the temperature reaches the set temperature, put the mold with the material into the flat vulcanizer and close the mold. The molding time is 20 minutes;
步骤6：达到设定的模压时间，平板硫化机开模，取下模具，常温冷却，取出压好的材料。Step 6: When the set molding time is reached, the flat vulcanizer opens the mold, removes the mold, cools at room temperature, and takes out the pressed material.
本发明的有益效果是，用麦秸秆代替木材，用生物胶代替塑料，有利于节约木材资源及环境的保护，解决了麦秸秆焚烧对大气的污染和塑料污染环境的问题，所述的制备方法，简化了制造工艺，降低了生产成本。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the use of wheat straw to replace wood and bio-glue to replace plastic is beneficial to saving wood resources and environmental protection, and solves the problems of air pollution and plastic pollution caused by wheat straw burning. The preparation method , simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the production cost.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的技术方案是，一种生物质复合材料，由麦秸秆、植物蛋白胶、防水剂组成，按照重量百分比，麦秸秆为80％，植物蛋白胶为20％，麦秸秆和植物蛋白胶合计为100％，防水剂为麦秸秆和植物蛋白胶总重量的2％；防水剂选择甘油。The technical solution of the present invention is that a biomass composite material is composed of wheat straw, vegetable protein glue, and waterproofing agent. According to the percentage by weight, the wheat straw is 80%, the vegetable protein glue is 20%, and the total of wheat straw and vegetable protein glue is 100%, the waterproofing agent is 2% of the total weight of wheat straw and vegetable protein glue; the waterproofing agent selects glycerin.
一种植物秸秆与生物复合材料及其制备方法是按照以下步骤实施：A plant straw and biological composite material and a preparation method thereof are implemented according to the following steps:
步骤1：将麦秸秆分选去杂，粉粹至长度为10-20mm的纤维，然后烘干备用；将购买的植物蛋白胶烘干备用；Step 1: Sorting and removing impurities from the wheat straw, pulverizing it into fibers with a length of 10-20mm, and then drying for later use; drying the purchased vegetable protein glue for later use;
步骤2：按照重量百分比称量麦秸秆纤维为80％，植物蛋白胶为20％，合计重量百分比为100％，另外再称量添加剂为麦秸秆和植物蛋白胶总重量的2％；Step 2: weighing 80% of the wheat straw fiber and 20% of the vegetable protein glue according to the weight percentage, the total weight percentage is 100%, and weighing the additive to be 2% of the total weight of the wheat straw and the vegetable protein glue;
步骤3：将步骤2称量的三种材料混合，搅拌10min；Step 3: Mix the three materials weighed in step 2 and stir for 10 minutes;
步骤4：将步骤3得到的混合材料铺装在100×120的模具中，用常温下的平板硫化机压紧模具，再继续铺装混合材料，直至把所有材料装进模具中；Step 4: Pave the mixed material obtained in step 3 in a 100×120 mold, press the mold with a flat vulcanizing machine at room temperature, and continue to pave the mixed material until all the materials are loaded into the mold;
步骤5：将平板硫化机的压力调为6Mpa，温度调为170℃，待温度达到设定温度，即可将装有材料的模具放入平板硫化机，并闭模，模压时间为20min；Step 5: Adjust the pressure of the flat vulcanizer to 6Mpa and the temperature to 170°C. When the temperature reaches the set temperature, put the mold with the material into the flat vulcanizer and close the mold. The molding time is 20 minutes;
步骤6：达到设定的模压时间，平板硫化机开模，取下模具，常温冷却，取出压好的材料。Step 6: When the set molding time is reached, the flat vulcanizer opens the mold, removes the mold, cools at room temperature, and takes out the pressed material.
本实施制得的生物质复合材料的性能检测为：弯曲强度/Mpa：16.05；弯曲弹性模量/Mpa：3459.09；拉伸强度/Mpa：5.47；拉伸模量/Mpa：48.74；平衡吸湿率(162h)/％：9.76；导热系数/W·(m·k)-1：0.05787。The performance test of the biomass composite material obtained in this implementation is: bending strength/Mpa: 16.05; bending elastic modulus/Mpa: 3459.09; tensile strength/Mpa: 5.47; tensile modulus/Mpa: 48.74; equilibrium moisture absorption rate (162h)/%: 9.76; thermal conductivity/W·(m·k) -1 : 0.05787.
以上已以较佳实施公开了本发明，然其并非用以限制本发明，凡采取等同替换或等效变换所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred implementations, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. All technical solutions obtained by adopting equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201410304275.4A CN104073008A (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2014-06-26 | Plant straw and biogum compound material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
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| WO2017084227A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | 江南大学 | A lightweight environmentally friendly biomass packaging material and preparation method therefor |
| ES2903291A1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-03-31 | Garcia Marcos Carrero | Recycling and recyclable product based on vegetable fibers from debris (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN116998320A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 山西农业大学 | Straw pressing equipment based on straw returning to field for sowing |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017084227A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | 江南大学 | A lightweight environmentally friendly biomass packaging material and preparation method therefor |
| ES2903291A1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-03-31 | Garcia Marcos Carrero | Recycling and recyclable product based on vegetable fibers from debris (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN116998320A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 山西农业大学 | Straw pressing equipment based on straw returning to field for sowing |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |