CN104061379B - 一种聚氨酯柔性管材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种聚氨酯柔性管材及其制备方法。本发明的聚氨酯柔性管材，包括带坯和复合层组成的管状物，其特征是：所述的带坯呈管状，所述的复合物包覆在带坯的两侧，所述的带坯由经线和纬线纤维编织构成，所述的复合物包括聚氨酯、纳米粘土、聚氨酯预聚体，各组分的重量份数为：聚氨酯70~95份、纳米粘土1~5份、聚氨酯预聚体5~25份。本发明制备的柔性管材的强度得到了提升，与带坯的粘结性也得到提升。大口径管材加工中出现的聚氨酯分解的问题也得到了解决。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯柔性管材及其制备方法，属于化工新材料技术领域。
背景技术：
随着社会的发展和科技的进步，大功率的设备对流体输送的效率提出了更高的要求，因此大口径的柔性管材越来越受到重视。以消防水带为例，现有技术中90mm直径的规格已慢慢无法满足城市紧急排水及大功率消防车等输送要求。而在灌溉领域，设备的不断改进也要求大口径灌溉水带满足要求。
目前国内对大口径水带的研究较少。因受聚氨酯本身较窄的加工窗口影响，口径较大的柔性管材在挤出过程中容易出现与带坯粘结性不好的问题。因挤出的物料面积较大，需要提高挤出机的压力和温度，这会造成聚氨酯材料的分解。
在公开号为CN201827540U的专利中提到了一种大口径消防水带的制备方法，主要是通过带坯与复合层的结合制备。复合层为两层双模挤出，一层为聚氨酯粘结层，一层为聚氨酯防水层。这种方法使得聚氨酯防水层与带坯的粘结性有一定程度提升，但是对聚氨酯本身的强度并无提升，而且与纤维的粘结主要靠物理粘结，撕裂强度受到一定限制。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是针对上述存在的问题一种聚氨酯柔性管材及其制备方法，本发明的柔性管材的强度得到了提升，与带坯的粘结性也得到提升。大口径管材加工中出现的聚氨酯分解的问题也得到了解决。
上述的目的通过以下的技术方案实现：
一种聚氨酯柔性管材，包括带坯和复合层组成的管状物，所述的带坯呈管状，所述的复合物包覆在带坯的两侧，所述的带坯由经线和纬线纤维编织构成，所述的复合物包括聚氨酯、纳米粘土、聚氨酯预聚体，各组分的重量份数为：聚氨酯70~95份、纳米粘土1~5份、聚氨酯预聚体5~25份。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的聚氨酯采用聚醚型聚氨酯。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的纳米粘土是指颗粒尺寸<3μm的无机填料。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的聚氨酯预聚体是采用重量比为10：1~1.15:1多异氰酸酯和多元醇反应得到。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的聚氨酯预聚体中多异氰酸酯和多元醇的质量比优选5:1~2:1。
上述聚氨酯柔性管材的制备方法，该方法为：首先将聚氨酯原料经过单螺杆挤出机在180~200℃下熔融，在机头处用计量泵加入聚氨酯预聚体和纳米粘土至静态混合器，混合均匀后注入熔体泵，然后进入模具挤出包覆在带坯上。
有益效果：
本发明的柔性管材的强度得到了提升，与带坯的粘结性也得到提升。大口径管材加工中出现的聚氨酯分解的问题也得到了解决。
具体实施方式：
一种聚氨酯柔性管材，包括带坯和复合层组成的管状物，所述的带坯呈管状，所述的复合物包覆在带坯的两侧，所述的带坯由经线和纬线纤维编织构成，所述的复合物包括聚氨酯、纳米粘土、聚氨酯预聚体，各组分的重量份数为：聚氨酯70~95份、纳米粘土1~5份、聚氨酯预聚体5~25份。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的聚氨酯采用聚醚型聚氨酯。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的纳米粘土是指颗粒尺寸<3μm的无机填料。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的聚氨酯预聚体是采用重量比为10：1~1.15:1多异氰酸酯和多元醇反应得到。
所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，所述的聚氨酯预聚体中多异氰酸酯和多元醇的质量比优选5:1~2:1。
上述聚氨酯柔性管材的制备方法，该方法为：首先将聚氨酯原料经过单螺杆挤出机在180~200℃下熔融，在机头处用计量泵加入聚氨酯预聚体和纳米粘土至静态混合器，混合均匀后注入熔体泵，然后进入模具挤出包覆在带坯上。
具体实施例：
按照上述的制备方法，实施例和对比例采用原料如表1 所示：
| 牌号 | 简介 |
| 1185A | 聚醚型聚氨酯，可在BASF公司购得 |
| ER90A | 聚氨酯，可在台湾高鼎公司购得 |
| 聚氨酯预聚体，多异氰酸酯：多元醇=5:1 | 可在淄博恒久橡塑科技购得 |
| 聚氨酯预聚体，多异氰酸酯：多元醇=3:1 | 可在淄博恒久橡塑科技购得 |
| 有机蒙脱土，粒径2μm | 有机蒙脱土，可在浙江丰虹粘土化工有限公司购得 |
| 有机累托石，粒径1.5μm | 有机累托石，，可在湖北钟祥累托石矿产有限公司购得 |
各测试按如下标准进行：
拉伸强度：将水带上的复合层裁成拉伸测试样条的形状，根据GB1040-2006 进行测试；
断裂伸长率：将水带上的复合层裁成拉伸测试样条的形状，根据GB1040-2006 进行测试；
剥离强度：五行公司内部标准，将水带切成80mm×10mm的条状，将带坯与复合层用刀顺着粘结面切开2mm后，放在万能试验机的夹具上，测试完全撕裂开的力。单位为N/m
表2 实施例的配方表及组合物的性能测试结果
| 组分 | 对比例 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
| 1185A | 100 | 94 | 88 | |
| ER90A | 82 | |||
| 聚氨酯预聚体，多异氰酸酯：多元醇=5:1 | 5 | 10 | 15 | |
| 聚氨酯预聚体，多异氰酸酯：多元醇=3:1 | ||||
| 有机蒙脱土，粒径2μm | 1 | 2 | ||
| 有机累托石，粒径1.5μm | 3 | |||
| 合计 | ||||
| 拉伸强度（MPa） | 18 | 26 | 35 | 42 |
| 断裂伸长率（%） | 295 | 320 | 330 | 315 |
| 剥离强度(N/m) | 410 | 740 | 820 | 910 |
从表2 的数据可以看到，复合层和带坯的剥离强度及复合层本身的拉伸强度均有大幅度提高
以上仅是本发明的最佳实施例，本发明的方法包括但不限于上述实施例，本发明的未尽事宜，属于本领域技术人员的公知常识。
Claims (4)
1.一种聚氨酯柔性管材，包括带坯和复合层组成的管状物，所述的带坯呈管状，所述的复合层包覆在带坯的两侧，所述的带坯由经线和纬线纤维编织构成，其特征是：所述的复合层包括聚氨酯、纳米粘土、聚氨酯预聚体，各组分的重量份数为：聚氨酯70~95份、纳米粘土1~5份、聚氨酯预聚体5~25份,所述的聚氨酯预聚体是采用重量比为10：1~1.15:1多异氰酸酯和多元醇反应得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，其特征是：所述的聚氨酯预聚体中多异氰酸酯和多元醇的质量比优选5:1~2:1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚氨酯柔性管材，其特征是：所述的聚氨酯采用聚醚型聚氨酯。
4.一种权利要求1-3之一所述的聚氨酯柔性管材的制备方法，其特征是：该方法为：首先将聚氨酯原料经过单螺杆挤出机在180~200℃下熔融，在机头处用计量泵加入聚氨酯预聚体和纳米粘土至静态混合器，混合均匀后注入熔体泵，然后进入模具挤出包覆在带坯上。
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| CN106313465A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 芜湖恒耀汽车零部件有限公司 | 用于汽车排气歧管的聚氨酯柔性管材的制备方法 |
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