CN104037915B - Automatic equalization charger of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Automatic equalization charger of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104037915B CN104037915B CN201410316166.4A CN201410316166A CN104037915B CN 104037915 B CN104037915 B CN 104037915B CN 201410316166 A CN201410316166 A CN 201410316166A CN 104037915 B CN104037915 B CN 104037915B
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- load end
- lead
- battery
- switching device
- automatic equalization
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic equalization charger of an electric vehicle. The automatic equalization charger comprises a traditional ternary form intelligent charger, a lead-acid battery pack and an automatic equalization controller. The automatic equalization controller is composed of an MCU, a power diode D1 and a switch block. The automatic equalization charger charges each battery in the battery pack independently so that the situation of battery overcharge caused by battery internal resistance differences determined by the battery manufacturing process can be avoided. The service life of the whole battery pack is effectively prolonged through real-time monitoring and control over the charging state of each battery in the charging process, the occurrence probability of the situation that the whole battery pack is scrapped due to the fact that one or several batteries in the battery pack fail can be greatly reduced, the service life of the whole battery pack is prolonged, and meanwhile environmental pollution is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric car charger is and in particular to a kind of electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement.
Background technology
Electric bicycle has become as main walking-replacing tool in the city be only second to automobile in China.The master of electric bicycle
Power source is wanted to be electrical source of power, the electrical source of power of current electric bicycle is mostly lead-acid battery.Lead-acid battery has had
The history of more than 100 year, with scientific and technological progress, the theory that lead-acid battery is charged and control technology have been obtained for greatly sending out
Exhibition, is charged to up-to-date three-stage positive negative pulse stuffing charging technique for a long time from the low current of early stage, not only highly shortened and fill
The electric time, also effectively extend the life-span of battery.
Lifting with electric vehicle performance and power increase, almost all of electric motor car is all sent out towards the direction of high voltage drive
Exhibition, the electric bicycle driving voltage of 48v has had become as more and more universal actually used standard.But single lead-acid battery
Output voltage remain 12v, in order to obtain higher voltage, most efficient method is exactly to connect many 12v batteries reaching
The driving voltage requiring.Under conditions of power is certain, rises high driving voltage, driving current can be reduced, this is beneficial beyond doubt
, but bring drawback is that unbalance being gradually increasing of the relatively low charging of battery failure factor becomes in low voltage drive system
Increasingly main inefficacy leading factor.
In dehydration, sulfuration and discharge and recharge this three classes dominant failure factor unbalance of lead-acid battery, with battery series connection
The increase of quantity, discharge and recharge is unbalance will to lead to overheated, dehydration aggravation, and thus cause short vulcanization.Due to manufacturing process problem,
Every internal resistance of cell absolute equilibrium cannot be accomplished, charger is charged using average current, single battery making capacity little fills at first
Full, do not stop charging process immediately, first fully charged battery is in overcharge in the period waiting the big battery of capacitance to be full of
State, can aggravate to generate heat, cause dehydration, in the past for a long time, this battery will be led to be quickly invalidated, in set of cells or many
After battery failure, whole group battery will be unable at full charge, forms one and fills i.e. full, a whole group putting i.e. light scraps phenomenon；If stopping
Charge, the big battery also underfill of remaining capacity, it is in charge less electricity condition.During electric discharge, the little battery of capacity discharges at first, does not stand
Stop electric discharge, this battery is put being formed.Such for a long time, vicious cycle, as long as whole group battery has single only inefficacy, result in
Whole group battery is scrapped.In the floating charge stage of three-step charger, there is the small current of 500ma, its effect is compensating charge, allow electricity
Pond is full of.But it also brings two side effect: after first battery is full of, unnecessary electric current is not switched off, and electric energy is converted into heat
Can, carry out water decomposition, accelerate distributing of moisture content；Secondly, low current charge, when internal resistance of cell difference is larger, is further exacerbated by
The imbalance of set of cells, forms vicious cycle, accelerates the inefficacy process of lead-acid battery.Highly shortened the lead-acid battery longevity
Life.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement.This charger is to each of set of cells electricity
Individually charged in pond, the feelings of the battery overcharge being led to the internal resistance of cell difference avoiding being determined because of battery manufacturing process
Condition occurs.By the charged state of each battery in real-time monitoring and control charging process, it is effectively improved the whole of set of cells
Body life time.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement, including traditional three-segment smart charger, lead-acid battery group, automatic equalization
Controller, described automatic equalization is filled controller and is made up of mcu microcontroller, d1 power diode, switch module.
This electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement of the present invention, the input of described automatic equalization controller and three sections of tradition
The charging outfan electrical connection of formula intelligent charger, multigroup charging output positive and negative terminal of automatic equalization controller is electric with plumbic acid respectively
The positive and negative extreme electrical connection of each battery of pond group.
This electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement of the present invention, the switch module of described automatic equalization controller is by derailing switch
Part k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9 form, a load end of switching device k1 and the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt1 with
And a load end electrical connection, another load end of k1 and the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt2 and the derailing switch of switching device k4
One load end electrical connection of part k5；One load end of switching device k2 and the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt2 and switching device
Mono- load end electrical connection of k6, another load end of k2 is negative with one of the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt3 and switching device k7
Carry end electrical connection；One load end of switching device k3 and the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt3 and mono- load end of switching device k8
Electrical connection, another load end of k3 is electrically connected with a load end of the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt4 and switching device k9；Lead
The positive pole of sour battery bt1 respectively with a load end of switching device k5, k7, k9 and the 2nd pin of mcu, power diode
The negative pole electrical connection of d1；The negative pole of lead-acid battery bt4 respectively with the load end of switching device k4, k6, k8 and mcu
1 pin, and the negative pole electrical connection of automatic equalization controller；The positive source of automatic equalization controller is with power diode d1's
Positive pole electrically connects；The hot end at drive control end of switching device k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9 and control power supply
The pin 3 of vcon and mcu electrically connects；The cold end at the drive control end of k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9, k1, k2, k3 divides
Do not electrically connect with 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 leads ends of mcu.
Compared with prior art, the charging shape that the present invention passes through real-time monitoring and controls each battery in charging process
State, is effectively improved the bulk life time of set of cells.Dead battery in set of cells is changed by real-time monitoring, control and prompting
Mode, can greatly reduce because the situation that or the led to whole group battery of several battery failures are scrapped occurs in set of cells,
Reduce environmental pollution while extending whole group battery life.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the electric motor car automatic equalization controller of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a kind of electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement theory diagram of the present invention.This electric motor car of the present invention is automatic
Equalizing charger increased an automatic equalization controller in the charger of prior art, by traditional charger and plumbic acid electricity
Pond component separates.Traditional three-step charger of prior art is connected with automatic equalization controller, every electricity of lead-acid battery group
Positive and negative positive and negative extreme electrical connection the extremely all with automatic equalization controller each group charging outfan in pond.Increased newly by the present invention
Automatic equalization controller, the mode that prior art is only carried out serial connection charge to set of cells is changed into each in set of cells
Battery individually charges, and individually monitors.In this way, overcharge situation can be avoided to occur it is ensured that in set of cells every
Battery is unlikely to because of situation generation that is unbalance and aggravating dehydration, sulfation and the set of cells premature failure thus causing of charging.
The input of automatic equalization controller 3 is electrically connected with the charging outfan of traditional three-segment smart charger 1, and automatic equalization controls
Multigroup charging output positive and negative terminal of device 3 is electrically connected with the positive and negative extreme of each battery of lead-acid battery group 2 respectively.Automatic equalization control
Device 3 processed is made up of mcu microcontroller 31, d1 power diode, switch module 32.In the present embodiment, switch module 32 is by 9
Electromagnetic relay k1 k9 is constituted, and mcu microcontroller 31 is pic24f16ka102.
In Fig. 2, the switch module 32 of automatic equalization controller 3 by 9 electromagnetic relay k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7,
K8, k9 form, and a load end of electromagnetic relay k1 is negative with one of the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt1 and electromagnetic relay k4
Carry end electrical connection, a load end electricity of another load end of k1 and the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt2 and electromagnetic relay k5
Connect；One load end of electromagnetic relay k2 and the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt2 and mono- load end electricity of electromagnetic relay k6
Connect, another load end of k2 is electrically connected with a load end of the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt3 and electromagnetic relay k7；Electricity
One load end of magnetic relay k3 is electrically connected with the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt3 and mono- load end of electromagnetic relay k8, k3
Another load end electrically connect with the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt4 and a load end of electromagnetic relay k9；Lead-acid battery
The positive pole of bt1 respectively with a load end of electromagnetic relay k5, k7, k9 and the 2nd pin of mcu, power diode d1's
Negative pole electrically connects；The negative pole of lead-acid battery bt4 respectively with the load end of electromagnetic relay k4, k6, k8 and mcu the 1st
Pin, and the negative pole electrical connection of automatic equalization controller；The positive source of automatic equalization controller is with power diode d1's
Positive pole electrically connects；The hot end at drive control end of electromagnetic relay k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9 and control electricity
The pin 3 of source vcon and mcu electrically connects；The cold end at the drive control end of k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9, k1, k2, k3
Electrically connect with 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 leads ends of mcu respectively.
When charging starts, mcu microcontroller 31 controls electromagnetic relay k1, k2, k3 to disconnect, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9
Closure, battery bt1, bt2, bt3, bt4 are simultaneously in independent charged state, within each pulse charge cycle, mcu microcontroller
3 electromagnetic relays in the electromagnetic relay that 31 wheel flow controls are connected with 4 battery cathode disconnect 2 milliseconds, in the phase of disconnection
Between monitor an other charging voltage not disconnecting battery charge circuit and charging current, and using this parameter as monitoring charge effect
Fruit and the control foundation of battery charging state.When the voltage of certain battery and charging current reach turning point set in advance,
Mcu microcontroller 31 controls corresponding electromagnetic relay to execute closed and disconnected action according to charging procedure set in advance, leads to
The mode crossing pulsewidth modulation controls charge capacity.After all batteries of set of cells all reach charge capacity index set in advance,
Electromagnetic relay k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9 disconnect, and k1, k2, k3 close, and obtain in set of cells bt1 positive terminal and bt4 negative pole end
Finally required serial connection charge voltage.
Three-segment smart charger in the present invention is the positive negative pulse stuffing three-segment smart charger of known technology, and it is wrapped
The step-down rectifying circuit that contains, microcontroller system circuit, positive negative pulse stuffing control circuit belong to known technology, will not be described here.
Switch module in the present embodiment is constituted by electromagnetic relay, in addition to this it is possible to select power switch pipe
As switching device.The present embodiment is only based on one of numerous embodiments of the claims in the present invention, any form
On replacement belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement, controls including three-segment smart charger, lead-acid battery group, automatic equalization
Device it is characterised in that: described automatic equalization controller is made up of microcontroller mcu, power diode d1, switch module；
The switch module of described automatic equalization controller is made up of switching device k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9, switch
One load end of device k1 is electrically connected with a load end of the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt1 and switching device k4, and k1's is another
One load end is electrically connected with the positive pole of lead-acid battery bt2 and a load end of switching device k5；The one of switching device k2
Individual load end is electrically connected with the negative pole of lead-acid battery bt2 and mono- load end of switching device k6, another load end of k2 with
The positive pole of lead-acid battery bt3 and a load end electrical connection of switching device k7；One load end of switching device k3 and lead
The negative pole of sour battery bt3 and mono- load end electrical connection of switching device k8, another load end of k3 is with lead-acid battery bt4's
Positive pole and a load end electrical connection of switching device k9；The positive pole of lead-acid battery bt1 respectively with switching device k5, k7, k9
Another load end and mcu the 2nd pin, power diode d1 negative pole electrical connection；The negative pole of lead-acid battery bt4 is respectively
With another load end of switching device k4, k6, k8 and the 1st pin of mcu, and the negative pole of automatic equalization controller is electrically connected
Connect；The positive source of automatic equalization controller is electrically connected with the positive pole of power diode d1；Switching device k1, k2, k3, k4, k5,
The hot end at drive control end of k6, k7, k8, k9 is electrically connected with the pin 3 controlling power supply vcon and mcu； k4、k5、
The cold end at the drive control end of k6, k7, k8, k9, k1, k2, k3 corresponds to 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 with mcu respectively
Leads ends electrically connect；
Described mcu microcontroller (31) is pic24f16ka102.
2. electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described automatic equalization controller
Input is electrically connected with the charging outfan of three-segment smart charger, multigroup charging output positive and negative terminal of automatic equalization controller
Electrically connect with the positive and negative extreme of each battery of lead-acid battery group respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410316166.4A CN104037915B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | Automatic equalization charger of electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410316166.4A CN104037915B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | Automatic equalization charger of electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104037915A CN104037915A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
| CN104037915B true CN104037915B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410316166.4A Expired - Fee Related CN104037915B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | Automatic equalization charger of electric vehicle |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019071388A1 (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-04-18 | 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 | Battery control circuit and electronic device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005794A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-06 | 东莞洲亮通讯科技有限公司 | Battery charge management system and management method |
| CN103187737A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-03 | 祥业科技股份有限公司 | Microcontroller Integrated Battery Charger/Discharger |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008027062B4 (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2022-01-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | motor vehicle |
| CN204243793U (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2015-04-01 | 昆明南府电动车辆有限公司 | A kind of electric motor car automatic balance charging arrangement |
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2014
- 2014-07-04 CN CN201410316166.4A patent/CN104037915B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005794A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-06 | 东莞洲亮通讯科技有限公司 | Battery charge management system and management method |
| CN103187737A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-03 | 祥业科技股份有限公司 | Microcontroller Integrated Battery Charger/Discharger |
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| CN104037915A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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Address after: 650500 6 Floors, 12 Blocks, Zone C, Haoxin New Book Industrial City, Jingkai District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province Patentee after: YUNNAN NANFU ELECTRIC VEHICLE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 650500 6 Floors, 12 Blocks, Zone C, Haoxin New Book Industrial City, Jingkai District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province Patentee before: KUNMING NANFU ELECTRIC VEHICLE CO.,LTD. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170118 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |