CN104020273A - Ultrahigh pressure consolidation test device and method - Google Patents
Ultrahigh pressure consolidation test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104020273A CN104020273A CN201310066445.5A CN201310066445A CN104020273A CN 104020273 A CN104020273 A CN 104020273A CN 201310066445 A CN201310066445 A CN 201310066445A CN 104020273 A CN104020273 A CN 104020273A
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrahigh pressure consolidation test device and method. The device comprises a soil sample bin for holding experimental soil samples, wherein porous stones are arranged on the top and at the bottom of the soil sample bin, or a porous stone is arranged at one end of the soil sample bin while a waterproof test block is arranged at the other end of the soil sample bin; a sealing plug is arranged on the top of the soil sample bin; the bottom of the soil sample bin is fixed on a platform, and a pressurization device is arranged on the top of the soil sample bin; a vertical stress sensor and a deformation sensor are arranged on the soil sample bin; a sample chamber for holding the soil sample bin is arranged on the platform; the pressurization device comprises a counter weight for providing pressure, and a tension rack which is used for pressurizing the soil sample bin in the sample chamber and is arranged along the vertical direction; the sample chamber is fixed on the platform, and an opening is formed in the top of the sample chamber; a first end of the tension rack is connected with the counter weight through a connecting mechanism; a second end of the tension rack sleeves the sample chamber, so that a test sample in the sample chamber is pressurized through gravity of the counter weight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of mechanical technique, particularly relate to a kind of UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device and method.
Background technology
Consolidation test is a kind of one of conventional soil test method, is the test based on soil mechanics theory research and engineering practice, by widespread use both at home and abroad.Since the Austrian soil mechanics Karl Terzaghi of man nineteen twenty-three original soil mechanics theory, just adopted consolidometer to carry out fixed experiment.
Early stage consolidometer adopts lever principle, adopts artificial reading, artificial computational data.Eighties of last century the eighties is adopt artificial loading, automatic data collection and print immediately mid-term, and collector can not be connected with computing machine, data again input computer need to be processed again.Now along with the development of software engineering, computer technology and high pressure vacuum pump performance etc., full-automatic consolidometer at present.
The businessman of production soil test instrument is not too many both at home and abroad, and domestic and international most of pertinent instruments have two defects: first: testing range is little.Second: test condition can not be selected, can only be a kind of test condition of two-sided draining.
About the testing range of consolidometer, China company of more well-known generation together at present has: science and technology limited Company, the contour pressure consolidometer of Nanjing Soil Apparatus Factory are surveyed by Beijing China, and the maximum range stress of instrument perpendicular stress is 3200KPa.The consolidometer maximum perpendicular stress that the U.S. GEOCOMP company that the geotechnological comparison in equipment of external production is good and Britain GDS company produce is 3.5MPa.Maximum perpendicular stress provides test parameters for 3.5MPa consolidometer can be the engineering of the little buried depth of loading within 50 meters, but for the deep deformation engineering in buried engineering, large region (extracting 350～600 meters of land subsidence that produce with interior underground water etc. such as being greater than the areas such as Cangzhou, Hengshui, Huanghua in skyscraper, deep-sea Tunnel Engineering, the North China of 15 layers), be difficult to provide effective parameter, to project planner, workmen and researchist, bring very large obstacle.
About experimental water condition, because test instrument is simple in structure at present, sealing is poor, so experiment condition can be only two-sided draining, but Practical Project has the different condition of the draining of soil layer one side and the two-sided draining of soil layer really, so only consider that the data that two-sided drainage index provides may have very large error.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, pressurization good stability, UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device and the method for 0 ~ 20Mpa pressure can be provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the new embodiment of this practicality provides a kind of UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device, comprise for placing the soil sample storehouse of experiment soil sample, top and the bottom in described soil sample storehouse are all provided with permeable stone, or wherein one end is provided with permeable stone and the other end is provided with waterproof test block, and top, described soil sample storehouse is provided with sealing-plug; Wherein the bottom in soil sample storehouse is fixed on platform, and top is provided with pressue device; Described soil sample storehouse is provided with perpendicular stress sensor and deformation-sensor; Described platform is provided with for placing the sample chamber in soil sample storehouse, and described pressue device comprises the balancing weight for pressure is provided, the tension frame vertically arranging that is used to the soil sample storehouse in described sample chamber to pressurize; Wherein said sample chamber is fixed on platform, and top is provided with opening; The first end of described tension frame connects described balancing weight by bindiny mechanism, and the second end is socketed on described sample chamber and with the gravity by described balancing weight, the test sample in described sample chamber is pressurizeed.
As technique scheme preferably, described tension frame is a rectangle frame, comprise two vertical frames, top horizontal pane, bottom level frame, described bottom level frame connects balancing weight by bindiny mechanism, and described top horizontal pane is provided with the projection of pressurizeing for the test sample in described sample chamber.
As technique scheme preferably, described platform is provided with two openings so that two vertical frames of described tension frame are socketed in described opening.
As technique scheme preferably, on described platform, be also provided with support, connection top, described deformation-sensor one end horizontal pane, other end connection bracket.
As technique scheme preferably, described bindiny mechanism comprises connecting rod, connecting line, pulley blocks, described connecting rod one end connects described pulling force frame, the other end connects described balancing weight by connecting line; Described pulley blocks comprises downslide wheels and fixed pulley; Wherein said downslide wheels are arranged under this platform; This platform is provided with a bracing frame that protrudes from platform upper surface, and this fixed pulley is arranged on this bracing frame; Described connecting line one end is fixed on the bottom level frame of this pulling force frame, and the other end is fixed on this balancing weight; And described connecting line solderless wrapped connection is on described downslide wheels and fixed pulley.
As technique scheme preferably, also comprise the data processing unit that connects described pressure at right angle sensor and deformation-sensor.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention has also proposed a kind ofly to utilize aforementioned any one UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device to carry out the method for consolidation test, comprising:
Sample preparation step: apply lubricant cutting sample cutting ring inwall, by this cut sample cutting ring soil sample is made cylindrical, then to cutting sample cutting ring and cylindrical soil sample is wherein weighed and carries out physical property test;
Vacuumize step: sample is placed in saturator, with vacuum pump, the air in sample is taken away; Then marginal not enters to distill waterside and continues to bleed, so that Saturation >=90% of sample;
Sample installation steps: permeable stone is carried out, after immersion saturated, sample being moved in sample chamber from saturator, and place permeable stone in one end of this sample, the other end is placed permeable stone or waterproof test block; Then add sealing-plug and install deformation-sensor and pressure at right angle sensor;
Test procedure: after testing equipment is debugged, carry out bearing test.
As technique scheme preferably, described test procedure specifically comprises:
Testing equipment is debugged, and be set the reading interval time of data processing unit;
Carry out one-level loading and obtain the specimen deformation under load;
After specimen deformation is stable, carry out next stage loading or off-load.
As technique scheme preferably, described method also comprises:
By described data processing unit, the real time data of the deformation of the suffered stress of this sample and generation is gathered and record.
The beneficial effect of technique scheme of the present invention is as follows:
In such scheme, can adjust arbitrarily perpendicular stress by balancing weight, to complete perpendicular stress 0～20MPa geotechnique compression test.The core of this device is to record under fluctuating stress not the deflection of sample in the same time, thereby calculates other corresponding deformation index of soil sample.UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device of the present invention comprises pressue device, perpendicular stress sensor, deformation-sensor, data processing unit, can be by sample is applied to pressure at right angle, the size of stress application, the distortion that sample does not produce have in the same time gathered automatically by software.Big or small real-time data acquisition by computing machine counter stress and distortion, record storage, calculating etc., complete test thereby obtain deformation parameter under certain pressure.This instrument has advantages of that range is large, simple in structure, good stability, precision are high, it is wide to use.Made up and at present high-rise structures, buried engineering, high load engineering have been difficult to provide the shortcoming of active data, be suitably for the soil body generation Compressing Engineering parameters such as corresponding designing and calculating are provided.UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device and the method for the embodiment of the present invention are applicable to test the soil samples such as flour sand, fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, silt, silty clay, clay.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in the soil sample storehouse of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the pressue device of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention has proposed a kind of fixed infiltration combined test device, its structure as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise for placing the soil sample storehouse 101 of experiment soil sample, top and the bottom in described soil sample storehouse 101 are all provided with permeable stone 102, or wherein one end is provided with the permeable stone other end and is provided with waterproof test block, and described permeable stone 102 is connected with drainage arrangement 104, and 101 tops, described soil sample storehouse are provided with sealing-plug 105.As shown in Figure 1, be the structure that two ends all arrange permeable stone 102.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein the bottom in soil sample storehouse 101 is fixed on platform 1, and top is provided with pressue device; Described soil sample storehouse is provided with perpendicular stress sensor 103 and deformation-sensor 12 with the distortion of test stress and soil sample.As shown in Figure 2, described platform 1 is provided with for placing the sample chamber 2 in soil sample storehouse, and described pressue device comprises the balancing weight 3 for pressure is provided, the tension frame 4 vertically arranging that is used to the soil sample storehouse in described sample chamber to pressurize.Wherein said sample chamber 2 is fixed on platform, and top is provided with opening.The first end of described tension frame 4 connects described balancing weight 3, the second ends by bindiny mechanism and is socketed on described sample chamber 2 and with the gravity by described balancing weight 4, the test sample in described sample chamber is pressurizeed.So in use, by adjusting the weight of balancing weight, can obtain required test pressure, have advantages of that range is large, simple in structure, good stability, precision be high.
As shown in Figure 1, described permeable stone 102 is connected with drainage arrangement 104.As shown in Figure 1, this drainage arrangement 104 can pass sealing plug 105 and bottom base.
As shown in Figure 1, perpendicular stress sensor 103 and deformation-sensor 12 connection data processing units 106, and the real time data of the deformation by the suffered stress of 106 pairs of these samples of described data processing unit and generation gathers and record.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, this tension frame 4 is a rectangle frame, comprises two vertical frames, top horizontal pane, bottom level frame.This bottom level frame connects balancing weight by bindiny mechanism, and described top horizontal pane is provided with the projection 41 of pressurizeing for the test sample in described sample chamber.Can to test sample book, pressurize by this projection 41 like this, to improve stability and the continuation of pressurization.
Concrete, what this bindiny mechanism can be as shown in Figure 2, comprising connecting rod 5 and connecting line 6, described connecting rod 5 one end connect described pulling force frame 4, and the other end connects described balancing weight 3 by connecting line 6.
In order further to improve stability, as shown in Figure 2, described platform 1 is provided with two openings so that two vertical frames of described tension frame 4 are socketed in described opening.This opening can play position-limiting action like this, to prevent that this tension frame 4 from producing lateral shift impact pressurization effect.As shown in Figure 2, on described platform 1, be also provided with support 11, described top horizontal pane is connected on described support 11 by deformation-sensor 12.As shown in Figure 2, described connecting rod 5 is provided with vertical tension sensor 51.
As shown in Figure 2, described bindiny mechanism also comprises pulley blocks, and described connecting line 6 solderless wrapped connections are on described pulley blocks.Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, this pulley blocks comprises downslide wheels 7 and is fixed on fixed pulley 8.Wherein these downslide wheels 7 are arranged on this platform 1 bottom, and this platform 1 is provided with a bracing frame 12 that protrudes from platform 1 upper surface, and this fixed pulley 8 is arranged on this bracing frame 13.These connecting line 6 one end are fixed on the bottom level frame of this pulling force frame 4, and the other end is fixed on this balancing weight 4; And these connecting line 6 solderless wrapped connections are on these downslide wheels 7 and fixed pulley 8.Can further improve integrally-built stability like this.As shown in Figure 2, the sidewall of described sample chamber 2 is provided with lateral pressure sensor 21, and the bottom of described sample chamber is provided with horizontal pressure force sensor 22.
As shown in Figure 2,2 bottoms, described sample chamber are provided with pore water outlet, and described pore water outlet is connected with for measuring the pore water flow monitoring instrument 23 of hole discharge.Wherein, this pore water outlet connects the drainage arrangement 104 of this permeable stone 102.
The embodiment of the present invention has also proposed a kind ofly to utilize aforementioned any one UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device to carry out the method for consolidation test, comprising:
Sample preparation step: apply lubricant cutting sample cutting ring inwall, by this cut sample cutting ring soil sample is made cylindrical, then to cutting sample cutting ring and cylindrical soil sample is wherein weighed and carries out physical property test;
Vacuumize step: sample is placed in saturator, with vacuum pump, the air in sample is taken away; Then marginal not enters to distill waterside and continues to bleed, so that Saturation >=90% of sample;
Sample installation steps: permeable stone is carried out, after immersion saturated, sample being moved in sample chamber from saturator, and place permeable stone in one end of this sample, the other end is placed permeable stone or waterproof test block; Then add sealing-plug and install deformation-sensor and pressure at right angle sensor;
Test procedure: after testing equipment is debugged, carry out bearing test.
Wherein, described test procedure specifically comprises:
Testing equipment is debugged, and be set the reading interval time of data processing unit; Carry out one-level loading and obtain the specimen deformation under load; After specimen deformation is stable, carry out next stage loading or off-load.
Wherein, described method also comprises: by described data processing unit, the real time data of the deformation of the suffered stress of this sample and generation is gathered and record.
Concrete, described method can specifically comprise:
The first, sample preparation.Sample making course is basically identical with general geotechnique's infiltration sample preparation process, and it is the cylindrical sample that 61.8mm, high H are 40mm that soil sample is made to diameter ф, does the relevant physical properties tests such as water cut simultaneously.Considerable: (1), for guaranteeing the accurate shape of test figure, cuts vaseline or vacuum grease that sample cutting ring inwall need be coated with thin layer; (2) cut in sample process, make sample globality remain intact as far as possible; Make the weight that weighs cutting ring+soil sample after sample;
The second, sample vacuumizes saturated.For the soil sample of buried depth H >=50m, because the time that soil sample is rigorously enforced in obtaining, transporting process is long, lost some water cut, therefore, must be supplementary as far as possible to this part water.Sample is positioned in saturator, with vacuum pump, the air in sample is taken away, the time that the character of visual soil vacuumizes is 4-8 hour, then marginal not enters to distill waterside and bleeds, soak time is greater than 24 hours, before test, weigh, manage to make sample Saturation >=90%, if do not reach the standard of this saturation degree, need heavily vacuumize saturated;
The 3rd, sample is installed.(1) two permeable stones are carried out to immersion saturated, then a permeable stone is wherein placed on the base of sample chamber; (2) sample chamber part and base fix, sample is taken out from saturator, push gently sample chamber, on sample, add another piece permeable stone and (also can do one side drainage consolidation test according to engine request, will be wherein a permeable stone change fluid-tight test block into), add sealing-plug again, install deformation-sensor;
The 4th, install pressure at right angle sensor;
The the 5th: test arranges and process of the test.First on Mining and Control Device, return to zero, then in Computer Experiments software, set the reading interval of data acquisition, can loading one-level start test simultaneously.Along with the continuity of time, and under load, specimen deformation is stablized (by corresponding standard reasoning soil sample, sentencing steady distortion≤0.005mm/ hour) gradually, can add next stage load (or off-load), until complete test;
The 6th, often to add one-level load be perpendicular stress, will obtain not in the same time in a series of corresponding deformation, loading gradually (or off-load), can obtain the distortion of the soil sample under different stress, completes test;
The 7th, can pass through consolidation test parameter, corresponding other distortion indexs of physical-property parameter calculating.
The scope of application of apparatus and method of the present invention is:
(1) soil body sample: be applicable to test the soil samples such as flour sand, fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, silt, silty clay, clay.
(2) specimen size: area 30cm2, diameter Ф 61.8mm, height 40mm;
(3) sample Saturation >=90%;
(4) sample perpendicular stress scope: 0～20MPa, vertically should be by pressure at right angle sensor passes, stress error precision :≤1%F.S.Because the precision of sensor is 1%FS, error is subject to the control of range, separately can be according to the testing requirements size of emat sensor more;
(5) deformation range (deformation-sensor): 0～10mm, precision :≤1%F.S;
(6) working environment: temperature 15-25 ℃, relative humidity >=40%, friction impact, power supply: alternating current ± 220v.
Consolidation test system is that widespread use industrial civil building design prospecting field provides one of test method of parameter for it.Fundamental purpose is to understand the deformation behaviour of soil under load action.Having side limit, axial draining and be subject to stablizing the distortion under load effect by measuring soil sample, and then understand native pressure and the relation of distortion, pressure and time, distortion and time etc., by calculating the corresponding compression index of soil, as compressibility coefficient, modulus in compression, precosolidation pressure, coefficient of consolidation etc., be used for the compressive features of analysis and distinguishing soil and the concretion state of natural soil layer, calculate the sedimentation of earth structure and ground, the regional land subsidence that estimation recovery of subterranean resources causes etc.
UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device and the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the large maximum 20MPa of perpendicular stress, require that test material distortion is constant, side direction is waterproof, good airproof performance, vertical permeable and can discharge at any time.
(1) sample chamber.The general strength of materials is inadequate, and it is 61.8mm that sample chamber adopts an internal diameter ф, and sealing-plug that the seamless steel cylinder that external diameter ф is 100mm is made, same is also to make with seamless bloom;
(2) in sealing-plug and under lower permeable stone, be respectively equipped with an apopore, connect special-purpose drainpipe (according to consolidation test principle, in process of the test, soil sample can be discharged pore water), so that making the water of discharging in compression process drains, and have special sealing-plug, if test condition needs a side apopore wherein to be sealed;
(3) on sample, settle pressure at right angle sensor and deformation-sensor.1. pressure at right angle sensor is placed on the upper end of sealing-plug, and sealing-plug is that steel column is made, and not only can bear and transmit corresponding stress, and the loss of power transmission process is very little; 2. deformation-sensor is equally also placed in the upper end of sealing-plug, as for instrument itself, comprise that the instrument distortion that sealing-plug produces can measure and proofread and correct;
(4) high pressure permeable stone.Main Function is that the moisture of discharging in this specimen test process is appeared and drained in time, and this invention need to apply the stress of 20MPa to sample, and permeable stone also needs to bear the power of 20MPa so, and permeable stone used is special making.
The application's technology has obtained following subsidy:
National science and technology support items (No.2012BAJ11B04),
Project of national nature science fund project (No:41272301),
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences's project (SK07006, SK201010).
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device, it is characterized in that, comprise that top and the bottom in described soil sample storehouse are all provided with permeable stone for placing the soil sample storehouse of experiment soil sample, or wherein one end is provided with permeable stone and the other end is provided with waterproof test block, and top, described soil sample storehouse is provided with sealing-plug; Wherein the bottom in soil sample storehouse is fixed on platform, and top is provided with pressue device; Described soil sample storehouse is provided with perpendicular stress sensor and deformation-sensor; Described platform is provided with for placing the sample chamber in soil sample storehouse, and described pressue device comprises the balancing weight for pressure is provided, the tension frame vertically arranging that is used to the soil sample storehouse in described sample chamber to pressurize; Wherein said sample chamber is fixed on platform, and top is provided with opening; The first end of described tension frame connects described balancing weight by bindiny mechanism, and the second end is socketed on described sample chamber and with the gravity by described balancing weight, the test sample in described sample chamber is pressurizeed.
2. UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tension frame is a rectangle frame, comprise two vertical frames, top horizontal pane, bottom level frame, described bottom level frame connects balancing weight by bindiny mechanism, and described top horizontal pane is provided with the projection of pressurizeing for the test sample in described sample chamber.
3. UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described platform is provided with two openings so that two vertical frames of described tension frame are socketed in described opening.
4. UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also provided with support on described platform, connection top, described deformation-sensor one end horizontal pane, other end connection bracket.
5. UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described bindiny mechanism comprises connecting rod, connecting line, pulley blocks, and described connecting rod one end connects described pulling force frame, and the other end connects described balancing weight by connecting line; Described pulley blocks comprises downslide wheels and fixed pulley; Wherein said downslide wheels are arranged under this platform; This platform is provided with a bracing frame that protrudes from platform upper surface, and this fixed pulley is arranged on this bracing frame; Described connecting line one end is fixed on the bottom level frame of this pulling force frame, and the other end is fixed on this balancing weight; And described connecting line solderless wrapped connection is on described downslide wheels and fixed pulley.
6. according to the UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise the data processing unit that connects described pressure at right angle sensor and deformation-sensor.
7. the UHV (ultra-high voltage) consolidation testing device of utilization as described in claim 1-5 any one carries out a method for consolidation test, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Sample preparation step: apply lubricant cutting sample cutting ring inwall, by this cut sample cutting ring soil sample is made cylindrical, then to cutting sample cutting ring and cylindrical soil sample is wherein weighed and carries out physical property test;
Vacuumize step: sample is placed in saturator, with vacuum pump, the air in sample is taken away; Then marginal not enters to distill waterside and continues to bleed, so that Saturation >=90% of sample;
Sample installation steps: permeable stone is carried out, after immersion saturated, sample being moved in sample chamber from saturator, and place permeable stone in one end of this sample, the other end is placed permeable stone or waterproof test block; Then add sealing-plug and install deformation-sensor and pressure at right angle sensor;
Test procedure: after testing equipment is debugged, carry out bearing test.
8. the method for consolidation test according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described test procedure specifically comprises:
Testing equipment is debugged, and be set the reading interval time of data processing unit;
Carry out one-level loading and obtain the specimen deformation under load;
After specimen deformation is stable, carry out next stage loading or off-load.
9. the method for consolidation test according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: by described data processing unit, the real time data of the deformation of the suffered stress of this sample and generation is gathered and record.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105675506A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Integrated earth pillar simulation device for multi-process on-line monitoring in condition with different temperatures and pressures |
| CN107764645A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-03-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of experimental rig of large scale clay high pressure consolidation |
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