CN104012232A - Potato vine cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A potato vine cutting machine comprises a machine frame, a walking device, a gearbox, a transmission device and knife rollers. The walking device is arranged below the machine frame, the gearbox, the transmission device and the knife rollers are sequentially arranged on the machine frame from front to back, and the gearbox is connected with the knife rollers through the transmission device. The walking device comprises front walking wheels and rear walking wheels, the front walking wheels are symmetrically distributed at the front end of the machine frame, and the rear walking wheels are distributed at the rear end of the machine frame. Furrow vine picking devices are arranged on the front walking wheels and comprise fixing cell discs and vine picking elastic teeth arranged on the fixing cell discs, and the fixing cell discs are connected with the front walking wheels through driving shafts. Vine picking elastic tooth devices pick vine stems at the bottoms of furrows and throw the vine stems backwards, and then the knife rollers rotate at high-speed to break the vine stems and the vine stems are laterally sprayed and conveyed to the left side of the vine cutting machine through air pressure and steady air flow generated due to high-speed rotation of the double rollers. According to the potato vine cutting machine, potato vine stems can be effectively cleaned away and walking resistance in the follow-up harvesting process is reduced.

Description

Potato Killer

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a seedling killing machine, in particular to a ditch-clearing side-spray type potato seedling killing machine.

Background technique

Killing seedlings is an important step before harvesting potato crops. Practice has proved that killing seedlings can not only reduce the resistance caused by excessive potato seedlings to the harvester, but also greatly improve harvesting efficiency and save costs. The step of killing seedlings before receiving the goods reduces the resistance of the harvester, speeds up the driving, reduces the failure rate, and the resistance of the potato and seedling separator inside the harvester will also be greatly reduced, and the separation quality of potato and seedlings will be significantly improved. There are two following problems in the existing potato seedling killing machine: (1) the potato stalks are cut or chopped and sprinkled on the ground surface, which causes the crop stalks to wind around mechanical parts, potato tubers and The problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive separation of stalks; (2) The current agronomic requirement for potato planting is ridging, and general seedling killing machines cannot work well in this kind of land. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a potato seedling killing machine that integrates the functions of killing seedlings and harvesting seedlings and can adapt to different planting modes.

Most of the potato planting areas in my country are small and medium-sized plots, especially hilly and mountainous areas. The plots are small, and it is difficult to use mature large-scale seedling killing machines abroad. However, there are fewer varieties of small seedling killing machines in China, and all of them adopt the method of throwing seedlings on the ridge after killing seedlings, so the seedling stems still have a certain resistance effect on the harvester. In addition, the current agronomic requirement for potato planting is ridging, so it is difficult to clean the seedlings in the furrows, resulting in the problem of too many remaining seedlings in the furrows.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the existing potato seedling killing machine, the invention provides a ditch clearing side spray type potato seedling killing machine. The ditch-clearing side-spray type potato seedling killing machine solves the problem that the remaining lodging seedlings in the furrows and the spraying of the seedlings on the ridges after killing seedlings cause great resistance to harvesting by the harvester.

The technical solution of the present invention: the seedling killing machine includes a frame, a traveling device, a gearbox, a transmission device and a cutter roller, the traveling device is arranged under the frame, and the gearbox, the transmission device and the cutter roller are arranged in sequence from front to back. On the frame, the gearbox is connected with the knife roller through the transmission device, and side plates are arranged on both sides of the frame. The traveling device includes a front traveling wheel and a rear traveling wheel, both of which are two in number, the two front traveling wheels are symmetrically distributed at the front end of the frame, and the two rear traveling wheels are symmetrically distributed at the rear of the frame end. The front walking wheel (2) is provided with a device for picking seedlings in furrows, which includes a fixed grid plate and spring teeth for picking seedlings arranged on the fixed grid plate, and the fixed grid plate is connected with the front walking wheel through a drive shaft. The length of the seedling-picking spring teeth is 100-120mm, the diameter of the seedling-picking spring teeth is 3-5mm, and the material of the seedling-picking spring teeth is high-quality carbon structural steel with a carbon content of 0.6-0.9%. Including 65Mn spring steel, 70Mn spring steel and 85Mn spring steel. The shear elastic modulus of the seedling picking spring teeth is 71000-77000MPa, the tensile elastic modulus is 190000-210000MPa; tensile strength: 800-1000Mpa; yield strength: 500-700Mpa; elongation: 14-22.5%; Shrinkage: not more than 10%; hardness: hot rolling, ≤302HB; hot rolling + heat treatment, ≤321HB.

The rear of the device for picking seedlings in furrows is provided with cutter roller I and cutter roller II; cutter roller I is arranged on the side near the transmission shaft, and described cutter roller II is arranged on the side near the rear road wheel. The cutter roll includes a roller shaft and blades arranged in double helixes on the roller shaft, and the blades are installed in pairs on the roller shaft through a knife seat; the distance between the tip of the blade and the end of the spring teeth for picking seedlings is 0-5cm . The double helix arrangement of the blades not only makes the operation of the knife roller more stable, but also the directional and stable airflow generated also plays an important role in the discharge of the broken seedling stalks. The blade is an arc-shaped sharpening blade, including a curved scimitar on a ridge, a scimitar on a ridge slope and a scimitar on a ditch, and the scimitar on a ridge, a scimitar on a slope and a scimitar on a ditch are evenly and alternately arranged on the knife roller superior. The arc scimitar on the ridge is a short knife with a length of 12-14cm, which is used to handle the seedlings on the ridge; the length of the curved scimitar on the ridge matches the depth of the ridge, and its length is 23-25cm, which is used to handle the seedlings on the ridge The length of the ridge slope arc scimitar is slightly longer than that of the ridge slope arc scimitar, and its length is 18-20cm. The tip of the ridge slope arc scimitar is inclined, and is used to process the seedling stems of the ridge slope.

The transmission device includes a transmission shaft, pulley I, belt A, pulley II, pulley III, belt B and pulley IV. Transmission shaft links to each other with pulley II through belt pulley I, belt A, and belt pulley II links to each other with the roller shaft of knife roller I. The roller shaft of cutter roller I is connected with pulley III, and then is connected with the roller axle of cutter roller II through belt B and pulley IV. Both belt A and belt B are V-belts. The two knife rollers rotate at high speed driven by the pulley, which can effectively cut off the stalks. The blades of the two knife rollers cooperate with each other, and the two strikes cut and crush the seedlings more thoroughly, and the double knife rollers can generate greater wind pressure.

There is a lateral spraying and guiding device above the knife roller, and the lateral spraying and guiding device includes a side guide plate and a directional spraying plate. structure, the directional injection plate is rotatably arranged on the opening end of the side deflector, and the shape of the directional injection plate matches the opening end of the side deflector.

When the seedling killing machine advances, the traveling wheel rotates and drives the fixed grid plate to rotate through the transmission shaft, and then drives the seedling picking spring teeth to rotate. The elastic teeth of the seedling picker are elastically deformed by the pressure of the ground. During the recovery period of the elastic teeth, the lodging seedlings in the ditch are picked up and thrown, and the knife roller of the seedling killing machine cooperates closely with it. Involved in the body of the seedling killing machine, so as to keep the effective cleaning of the furrows. The arc-shaped ridge-like blades driven by the high-speed rotation of the double-helical knife rollers generate great wind pressure, and the chopped seedling stalks are sprayed on the left side of the seedling killing machine under the action of wind pressure and deflectors, and then are sprayed by the directional sprayer. The conveying plate is guided to the lower left side, which greatly reduces the residual degree of broken seedling stalks on the ridge, and greatly reduces the resistance of the harvester. The technology of lateral air pressure conveying seedling stalks breaks the traditional mode of throwing seedling stalks on the ridge.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention provides a potato seedling killing machine aimed at lodging seedling stalks at the bottom of the ditch. The rod is broken and sprayed laterally to the left side of the seedling killing machine by using the wind pressure and stable airflow generated by the high-speed operation of the double rollers. The potato seedling killing machine of the present invention can not only effectively clean the potato seedling stalks, but also reduce walking resistance for subsequent harvesting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of structural representations of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the second structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of seedling picking elastic teeth device in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of knife roller among the present invention;

Among them: 1. Picking spring teeth; 2. Frame; 3. Gear box; 4. Side guide plate; 5. Knife roller II; 6. Orientation spray plate; 7. Pulley I; .Pulley II; 10. Rear traveling wheel; 11. Pulley III; 12. Knife roller I; 13. Pulley IV; 14. Transmission shaft; 15. Lead screw handle; 16. Front traveling wheel; 17. Drive shaft; 18. Fixed grid plate; 19. Belt B; 20. Arc scimitar on the ridge; 21. Arc scimitar on ridge slope; 22. Curved scimitar in furrow;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

The potato seedling killing machine includes a frame 2, a traveling device, a gearbox 3, a transmission device and a cutter roller, the traveling device is arranged under the frame 2, and the gearbox 3, the transmission device and the cutter roller are arranged in sequence from front to back On the frame 2, the gearbox 3 is connected with the cutter roller through a transmission device, and side plates are arranged on both sides of the frame 2. Described traveling device comprises front traveling wheel 16 and rear traveling wheel 10, and described front traveling wheel 2 is provided with ditch seedling picking device, and described ditch seedling picking device comprises fixed grid plate 18 and the pick that is arranged on fixed grid plate 18. Seedling elastic tooth 1, described fixed grid plate 18 is connected with front traveling wheel 16 by drive shaft 17. The length of the seedling picking spring tooth 1 is 110mm, the diameter of the seedling picking spring tooth 1 is 4mm, and the material of the seedling picking spring tooth 1 is 65Mn spring steel. The rear of described ditch seedling picking device is provided with cutter roller I12 and cutter roller II5, and described cutter roller I12 is arranged on the side close to transmission shaft 14, and described cutter roller II5 is arranged on the side near rear road wheel 10.

Described cutter roll comprises roller shaft 24 and the blade that double helix is arranged on the roller shaft 24, and described blade is installed on the roller shaft 24 in pairs by knife seat 23; The distance is 2cm. The blades include a curved scimitar 20 on a ridge, a curved scimitar 21 on a slope and a scimitar 22 in a ditch, and the tops of the three kinds of curved scimitars are all edged. Said curved scimitars 10 on ridges, curved scimitars 21 on slopes and scimitars 22 are evenly and alternately arranged on the cutter rollers. The length of the arc scimitar 20 on the ridge is 13cm, the length of the ridge arc scimitar 22 matches the depth of the ditch, and the length of the ridge arc scimitar 22 is 24cm. The length of the ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is slightly shorter than the ridge and ditch arc scimitar 22, the length of the ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is 19 cm, and the tip of the ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is inclined.

Described transmission device comprises transmission shaft 14, pulley I7, belt A8, pulley II9, pulley III11, belt B19 and pulley IV13, and described transmission shaft 14 links to each other with pulley II9 by pulley I7, belt A8, and described pulley II9 is connected with cutter roller The roller shafts of I12 are connected. The roller shaft of knife roller I12 links to each other with belt pulley III11, and then links to each other with the roller shaft of knife roller II5 through belt B19 and belt pulley IV13.

Before the potato seedling killing machine enters the work plot, the height of the frame 2 is adjusted according to the height of the ridge through the adjustment screw 15 of the front travel wheel 16 and the rear travel wheel 10, so as to ensure that the seedling stalks will not be cleaned under the premise of the most effective cleaning. hurt potato. In work, the seedling killing machine moves forward by traction, and the weight of the body itself is concentrated on the front road wheels 16 and the rear road wheels 10. The rotation of front traveling wheel 16 drives the rotation of fixed lattice dish 18 by drive shaft 17, and then drives the seedling picking spring tooth 19 that is arranged on the fixed lattice dish 18 to rotate. The elastic teeth 19 for picking seedlings are compressed by the ground to produce elastic deformation, and in the recovery period of the elastic teeth, the lodging seedling bars in the ditch are provoked and thrown back. At this time, the ridge arc machete 22 on the knife roller 12 rotating at high speed of the seedling killing machine hits it into the body of the seedling killing machine, and at the same time, the seedling stalks on the ridge and the ridge slope will be cut by the arc on the ridge on the knife roller. Scimitar 20, ridge slope arc scimitar 21 hit and cut and are involved in the rice seedling killing machine body. This process is carried out twice under the double knife roller system, and the high-speed operation of the knife roller II5 and the knife roller I12 also drives three kinds of arc scimitars - ridge arc scimitar 20, ridge slope arc scimitar 21 and ditch arc scimitar 22 The rotating body moves, thereby generating greater negative pressure and wind pressure. The broken stalks are sprayed to the outside of the body due to the good and stable airflow generated by the orderly arrangement of the blades on the knife roller in the body. At this time, there are very few seedling stalks on the working ridge to be harvested, and the harvester will further receive goods later, which greatly reduces the driving resistance.

Example 2:

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that a lateral spray flow guiding device is provided above the knife roller I12 and knife roller II5, and the lateral spray flow guiding device includes a side guide plate 4 and a directional spray flow plate 6 . The side deflector 4 is a cover-like structure with one side opening fixedly arranged on the frame 2, and the directional jetting plate 6 is rotatably arranged at the opening end of the side deflector 4, and the directional jetting The shape of the plate 6 matches the open end of the side deflector 4 . Broken seedling stalks will be sprayed out along the side deflector 4 to one side of the body, and spread evenly on one side of the seedling killing machine. The directional spraying plate 6 can prevent the broken seedling stalks from being sprayed too high.

Example 3:

The difference from Example 2 is that the length of the seedling-picking spring teeth 1 is 10mm, and the diameter of the seedling-picking spring teeth (1) is 5mm. The material of the spring teeth 1 for picking seedlings is 70Mn spring steel. The distance between the tip of the blade and the end of the spring tooth 1 for picking seedlings is 5cm. The length of the arc scimitar 20 on the ridge is 12cm, the length of the ridge arc scimitar 22 matches the depth of the ditch, and the length of the ridge arc scimitar 22 is 23cm. The ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is slightly shorter than the ridge and ditch arc scimitar 22, and the length of the ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is 18cm.

Example 4:

Different from embodiment 2, the length of the seedling-picking spring teeth 1 is 12mm, the diameter of the seedling-picking spring teeth (1) is 3mm, and the material of the seedling-picking spring teeth 1 is 85Mn spring steel. The distance between the tip of the blade and the end of the spring teeth 1 for picking seedlings is 0 cm. The length of the arc scimitar 20 on the ridge is 14cm, the length of the ridge arc scimitar 22 matches the depth of the ditch, and the length of the ridge arc scimitar 22 is 25cm. The length of the ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is slightly shorter than the ridge and ditch arc scimitar 22, and the length of the ridge and slope arc scimitar 21 is 20cm.

Claims (8)

1. kill seedling machine, comprise frame (2), running gear, gearbox (3), transmission device and rotor, described running gear is arranged on the below of frame (2), described gearbox (3), transmission device and rotor are successively set in frame (2) from front to back, described gearbox (3) is connected with rotor by transmission device, and the both sides of described frame are provided with side plate; Described running gear comprises front walking wheel (16) and rear walking wheel (10), it is characterized in that: described front walking wheel (2) is provided with furrow and chooses seedlings device, described furrow is chosen seedlings device and is comprised fixed grating dish (18) and be arranged on and choose seedling elastic claw (1) on fixed grating dish (18), and described fixed grating dish (18) is connected with front walking wheel (16) by driving shaft (17); The described coefficient of rigidity 71000-77000MPa that chooses seedling elastic claw (1), tensile modulus of elasticity 190000-210000MPa, tensile strength 800～1000Mpa, yield strength 500～700Mpa, tensile stretch 14～22.5%; The contraction percentage of area is not more than 10%; The rear that described furrow is chosen seedlings device is provided with rotor, described rotor comprises that roll shaft (24) and double helix are arranged in the blade on roll shaft (24), and described blade passes through tool rest (23) mounted in pairs on roll shaft (24); Described insert tip and the distance of choosing between seedling elastic claw (1) end are 0-5cm.

2. the seedling machine that kills according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in kill seedling machine and also comprise that the side direction that is arranged on rotor top sprays defeated guiding device, described side direction is sprayed defeated guiding device and is comprised side direction deflector (4) and directed spray input board (6), described side direction deflector (4) is for being fixedly installed on the lid-like of the end opening in frame (2), the rotating openend that is arranged on side direction deflector (4) of described directed spray input board (6), the shape of described directed spray input board (6) is mated with the openend of side direction deflector (4).

3. the seedling machine that kills according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blade comprises arc tulwar (20) on ridge, slope, ridge arc tulwar (21) and furrow arc tulwar (22), arc tulwar (20) on described ridge, slope, ridge arc tulwar (21) and furrow arc tulwar (22) are evenly arranged alternately on rotor, on described ridge arc tulwar (20) for length be 12-14cm, the length of described furrow arc tulwar (22) is mated with the degree of depth of furrow, slope, described ridge arc tulwar (21) length is slightly shorter than furrow arc tulwar (22), the length of slope, described ridge arc tulwar (21) is 18-20cm, the point of a knife of slope, described ridge arc tulwar (21) tilts.

4. the seedling machine that kills according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transmission device comprises power transmission shaft (14), belt pulley I (7), belt A (8), belt pulley II (9), described power transmission shaft (14) is connected with belt pulley II (9) by belt pulley I (7), belt A (8), and described belt pulley II (9) is connected with the roll shaft of rotor.

5. the seedling machine that kills according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the quantity of described rotor is two, and described two rotors are rotor I (12) and rotor II (5); Described rotor I (12) is arranged on the side near power transmission shaft (14), and described rotor II (5) is arranged on the side near rear walking wheel (10).

6. the seedling machine that kills according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described transmission device also comprises belt pulley III (11), belt A (19) and belt pulley IV (13), described belt pulley II (9) is connected with the roll shaft of rotor I (12), roll shaft by rotor I (12) is connected with belt pulley III (11), and then is connected with the roll shaft of rotor II (5) with belt pulley IV (13) by belt B (19).

7. according to the seedling machine that kills described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described in choose seedling elastic claw (1) length be 100-120mm, the described diameter of choosing seedling elastic claw (1) is 3-5mm, described in choose seedling elastic claw (4) material be that phosphorus content is the carbon constructional quality steel of 0.6-0.9%.

8. the seedling machine that kills according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the material of choosing seedling elastic claw (4) is 65Mn spring steel, 70Mn spring steel or 85Mn spring steel.