CN104009673B - A kind of forest environment monitoring sensor electric supply installation - Google Patents
A kind of forest environment monitoring sensor electric supply installation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种森林环境监测传感器供电装置，包括散热气流管、散热片、温差发电片、全玻璃真空太阳能集热管、导热片和电能收集模块，该供电装置结构合理，安装方便、可靠性高，传输稳定，通过温度传感器实时监测温差发电片冷热两端温度，热电转换模块实现温差产生的热能向电能的稳定转换，为林区的无线传感器网络进行供电支持。
A power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors, including heat dissipation airflow pipe, heat sink, thermoelectric power generation sheet, all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube, heat conduction sheet and electric energy collection module. The power supply device has reasonable structure, convenient installation, high reliability and stable transmission The temperature of the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is monitored in real time by the temperature sensor, and the thermoelectric conversion module realizes the stable conversion of the heat energy generated by the temperature difference into electric energy, and provides power supply support for the wireless sensor network in the forest area.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种森林环境监测传感器供电装置，适合相关热电能量收集应用。本发明是一种尤其适用于森林环境能源转换利用的森林环境监测传感器供电装置。The invention relates to a power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors, which is suitable for the application of relevant thermoelectric energy collection. The invention is a power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors which is especially suitable for the conversion and utilization of forest environment energy.
背景技术Background technique
布设在林区，特别是森林里的无线传感器网络等末端电子器件的供电问题一直一项难以解决的科学技术难题；特别是利用森林内微小热源发电的研究仍处于空白。因此，在复杂森林环境条件下，研制方便安装的、无需外加电源的森林环境监测传感器供电装置将具有十分有重要的应用价值。The power supply of terminal electronic devices such as wireless sensor networks deployed in forest areas, especially in forests, has always been a difficult scientific and technological problem; especially the research on using tiny heat sources in forests to generate electricity is still blank. Therefore, under complex forest environment conditions, it will be very important to develop a power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors that is easy to install and does not require an external power supply.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明设计的森林环境监测传感器供电装置是一种基于绿色清洁能源循环再利用原则的能量转换收集装置。The forest environment monitoring sensor power supply device designed in the present invention is an energy conversion and collection device based on the principle of green and clean energy recycling.
一种森林环境监测传感器供电装置，包括散热气流管、散热片、温差发电片、全玻璃真空太阳能集热管、导热片和电能收集模块，其中：A power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors, including a heat dissipation airflow pipe, a heat sink, a thermoelectric power generation sheet, an all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube, a heat conduction sheet and an electric energy collection module, wherein:
散热气流管埋在土壤深处，呈U型状态；散热气流管两端均直接露出土壤，与空气接触；散热气流管左端端口略高于地面；散热气流管右端端口略高于凸出地面的锥状土壤堆顶端，散热气流管右端端口位置斜对散热片；The heat dissipation airflow pipe is buried deep in the soil and is in a U-shaped state; both ends of the heat dissipation airflow pipe are directly exposed to the soil and are in contact with the air; the left end port of the heat dissipation airflow pipe is slightly higher than the ground; the right end port of the heat dissipation airflow pipe is slightly higher than the part protruding from the ground At the top of the cone-shaped soil pile, the right end port of the heat dissipation airflow pipe is located obliquely to the heat sink;
全玻璃真空太阳能集热管与地面形成大于或等于30°夹角倾斜放置；全玻璃真空太阳能集热管一端嵌入贴合导热片；The all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube is placed obliquely with the ground at an angle greater than or equal to 30°; one end of the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube is embedded with a heat-conducting sheet;
导热片与温差发电片左侧热端贴合，温差发电片的右侧冷端与散热片贴合；The heat conduction sheet is attached to the hot end on the left side of the thermoelectric sheet, and the cold end on the right side of the thermoelectric sheet is attached to the heat sink;
当光照到全玻璃真空太阳能集热管，管内外表面温度升高，向导热片迅速传热；导热片将热量传递到温差发电片热端，温差发电片热端温度上升，热量从温差发电片的热端通过温差发电片热电偶臂转移到温差发电片冷端；随着温差发电片冷端热量累积，温差发电片冷端及散热片温度升高；When the light shines on the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube, the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces of the tube rises, and the heat transfers rapidly to the heat conduction sheet; The hot end is transferred to the cold end of the thermoelectric generator through the thermocouple arm of the thermoelectric generator; as the heat of the cold end of the thermoelectric generator accumulates, the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric generator and the heat sink increases;
由于散热气流管内流出的空气温度远低于散热片温度，形成大温差热对流，热对流吹向散热片，致使温差发电片冷端温度下降，温差发电片两端有效温差升高，当温差发电片产生的温差电压达到电能收集模块启动电压，电能收集模块开始启动；Because the temperature of the air flowing out of the heat dissipation airflow tube is much lower than the temperature of the heat sink, a large temperature difference heat convection is formed, and the heat convection blows to the heat sink, resulting in a drop in the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation piece, and an increase in the effective temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation piece. The temperature difference voltage generated by the chip reaches the starting voltage of the power collection module, and the power collection module starts to start;
电能收集模块向森林环境监测传感器供电，通过森林环境监测传感器采集空气温度、空气湿度、土壤温度、土壤湿度、光照强度和风速等环境数据信息，经过传感器通信网络以数字信号的形式传输至计算机数据通信端口，最终到达计算机终端，进行数据处理。The power collection module supplies power to the forest environment monitoring sensor, collects environmental data such as air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, soil humidity, light intensity, and wind speed through the forest environment monitoring sensor, and transmits them to the computer in the form of digital signals through the sensor communication network. The communication port eventually reaches the computer terminal for data processing.
其中散热气流管、散热片和导热片材质均为易散热材料，导热片导热系数高于散热片导热系数，散热气流管传热系数高于散热片的传热系数。Among them, the materials of the heat dissipation airflow pipe, the heat sink and the heat conduction fin are materials that are easy to dissipate heat, the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction fin is higher than that of the heat sink, and the heat transfer coefficient of the heat dissipation airflow pipe is higher than that of the heat sink.
其中散热气流管管口方位竖立向上，保证与散热片空间位置侧向相对。Wherein, the orientation of the mouth of the heat dissipation airflow pipe is erected upward to ensure that it is laterally opposite to the spatial position of the heat sink.
其中导热片贴合安装于全玻璃真空太阳能集热管管壁，保证所述导热片与所述全玻璃真空太阳能集热管的良好传热。The heat conduction sheet is attached to the wall of the all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube to ensure good heat transfer between the heat conduction sheet and the all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube.
其中散热片空间方位处于全玻璃真空太阳能集热管的轴线方向，保证与空气介质良好接触。The spatial orientation of the heat sink is in the axial direction of the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube, ensuring good contact with the air medium.
其中所述温差发电片材质为两种不同半导体热电材料；温差发电片位置固定在与全玻璃真空太阳能集热管轴线方向，并通过粘性物质与相邻的导热片以及散热片良好贴合。The material of the thermoelectric generation sheet is two different semiconductor thermoelectric materials; the position of the thermoelectric generation sheet is fixed in the axial direction of the all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube, and is well bonded to the adjacent heat conduction sheet and heat sink through the adhesive substance.
其中电能收集模块包括LTC3108转换器、LPR6235-752SML升压变压器和外接锂电池及存储电容器；电能收集模块与温差发电片两端接线柱相连，整个电能收集模块固定位置及连线方式不限，保证温差发电片两端连接LTC3108转换器，转换器连接LPR6235-752SML变压器，变压器为外接锂电池及存储电容器供电。The power collection module includes LTC3108 converter, LPR6235-752SML step-up transformer, external lithium battery and storage capacitor; The two ends of the thermoelectric power generation chip are connected to the LTC3108 converter, and the converter is connected to the LPR6235-752SML transformer, which supplies power for the external lithium battery and storage capacitor.
该供电装置结构合理，安装方便、可靠性高，传输稳定，通过温度传感器实时监测温差发电片冷热两端温度，热电转换模块实现温差产生的热能向电能的稳定转换，为林区的无线传感器网络进行供电支持。The power supply device has a reasonable structure, convenient installation, high reliability, and stable transmission. The temperature at both ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor. The thermoelectric conversion module realizes the stable conversion of heat energy generated by the temperature difference into electric energy. It is a wireless sensor in forest areas. Network for power supply support.
本发明的目的是：基于解决森林环境使用的无线传感器的供电问题的要求，利用该发明可以实现利用全玻璃真空太阳能集热管、空气、浅层土壤使温差发电片两端形成有效温差，从而输出电能，并将电能存储在锂离子电池或者电容中，为无线传感器等微功耗器件提供电能。这对于解决布设在林区，特别是森林里的传感器等末端电子器件获得电能的供电问题具有及其重要的意义。The purpose of the present invention is: based on the requirements of solving the power supply problem of wireless sensors used in forest environments, the invention can realize the use of all-glass vacuum solar collector tubes, air, and shallow soil to form an effective temperature difference at both ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, thereby outputting Electric energy is stored in lithium-ion batteries or capacitors to provide electric energy for micro-power consumption devices such as wireless sensors. This is of great significance for solving the power supply problem of terminal electronic devices such as sensors deployed in forest areas, especially in forests, to obtain electric energy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1：本发明森林环境监测传感器供电装置整体安装示意图；Figure 1: a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the forest environment monitoring sensor power supply device of the present invention;
图2：本发明森林环境监测传感器供电装置集热管与温差发电片安装示意图；Figure 2: A schematic diagram of the installation of the heat collector tube and the thermoelectric power generation sheet of the power supply device for the forest environment monitoring sensor of the present invention;
图3：本发明森林环境监测传感器供电装置电能收集模块电路芯片引脚连接图；Fig. 3: The pin connection diagram of the electric energy collection module circuit chip of the forest environment monitoring sensor power supply device of the present invention;
附图标记：Reference signs:
1——散热气流管1——radiation air duct
2——散热片2——heat sink
3——温差发电片3——thermoelectric generator
4——全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4——All glass vacuum solar collector tube
5——导热片5——heat conduction sheet
6——电能收集模块6——Power Harvesting Module
7——地面7 - ground
8——土壤8 - Soil
9——空气9 - air
10——光10 - light
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的叙述更加详尽与完备，可参照所附的附图及实施例，附图中相同的号码代表相同或相类似的组件，但所提供的实施例并非用以限制本发明所涵盖的范围。In order to make the description of the present invention more detailed and complete, reference may be made to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the same numbers in the drawings represent the same or similar components, but the provided embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention range.
如图1、图2所示，一种森林环境监测传感器供电装置包括散热气流管1、散热片2、温差发电片3、全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4、导热片5、电能收集模块6；散热气流管1埋在土壤深处，呈U型状态；散热气流管1两端均直接露出土壤，与空气接触；散热气流管1左端端口略高于地面7，保证气流顺利导入；散热气流管1右端端口略高于凸出地面7的锥状土壤堆顶端，散热气流管1右端端口位置斜对散热片2。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors includes a heat dissipation airflow pipe 1, a heat dissipation fin 2, a thermoelectric power generation sheet 3, an all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube 4, a heat conduction sheet 5, and an electric energy collection module 6; The airflow pipe 1 is buried deep in the soil and is in a U-shaped state; both ends of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 are directly exposed to the soil and are in contact with the air; the left end port of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is slightly higher than the ground 7 to ensure the smooth introduction of airflow; the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 The port at the right end is slightly higher than the top of the cone-shaped soil pile protruding from the ground 7, and the port at the right end of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is obliquely opposite to the heat sink 2.
其中散热气流管、散热片和导热片材质均为易散热材料，导热片导热系数高于散热片导热系数，散热气流管传热系数高于散热片的传热系数。Among them, the materials of the heat dissipation airflow pipe, the heat sink and the heat conduction fin are materials that are easy to dissipate heat, the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction fin is higher than that of the heat sink, and the heat transfer coefficient of the heat dissipation airflow pipe is higher than that of the heat sink.
如图1、图2所示，全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4与地面7形成30°夹角倾斜放置；全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4一端嵌入贴合导热片5；导热片5与温差发电片3左侧热端贴合，温差发电片3的右侧冷端与散热片2贴合；当光照到全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4，管内外表面温度升高，向导热片5迅速传热；导热片5将热量传递到温差发电片3热端，温差发电片3热端温度上升，热量从温差发电片3的热端通过温差发电片热电偶臂转移到温差发电片3冷端；随着温差发电片3冷端热量累积，温差发电片3冷端及散热片2温度升高；由于散热气流管1内流出的空气温度远低于散热片2温度，形成大温差热对流，热对流吹向散热片2，致使温差发电片3冷端温度下降，温差发电片3两端有效温差升高，当温差发电片3产生的温差电压达到电能收集模块6启动电压，电能收集模块6开始启动。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4 is placed obliquely at an angle of 30° with the ground 7; one end of the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4 is embedded with a thermally conductive sheet 5; The hot end on the left side is bonded, and the cold end on the right side of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 is bonded to the heat sink 2; when the light shines on the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube 4, the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces of the tube rises, and heat is transferred rapidly to the thermal guide sheet 5; heat conduction The sheet 5 transfers heat to the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 3, and the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 3 rises, and the heat is transferred from the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 3 to the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 3 through the thermocouple arm of the thermoelectric sheet; The heat at the cold end of the power generation sheet 3 accumulates, and the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric generation sheet 3 and the heat sink 2 rises; because the temperature of the air flowing out of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is much lower than the temperature of the heat sink 2, heat convection with a large temperature difference is formed, and the heat convection blows to The heat sink 2 causes the temperature at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation chip 3 to drop, and the effective temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation chip 3 increases. When the thermoelectric voltage generated by the thermoelectric power generation chip 3 reaches the starting voltage of the power collection module 6, the power collection module 6 starts to start.
电能收集模块6是森林环境监测传感器供电装置关键部件，如图3所示，作为一款高集成度的直流/直流转换器芯片，LTC3108用于控制热电发生器的电压输出；采用升压比为1∶100的LPR6235-752SML变压器，实现以20mV至500rmV的输入电压启动电路；输入电压通过变压器放大，为LTC3108芯片供电；LTC3108芯片通过VS1和VS2设置对VOUT输出电压进行调控；其中VS1管脚接VAUX，VS2管脚接GND，在输入电压为20mV时，VOUT输出3.3V；VOUT和VOUT2输出电能，向3.3V无线传感器供电；VOUT达到稳定值的93％后，LTC3108控制电能从VSTORE引脚向0.1F存储电容器充电；输入电压小于20mV，存储电容器中的电能反向为LTC3108芯片供能，继续向无线传感器供电。The power collection module 6 is a key component of the power supply device for forest environment monitoring sensors. As shown in Figure 3, as a highly integrated DC/DC converter chip, the LTC3108 is used to control the voltage output of the thermoelectric generator; the step-up ratio is The 1:100 LPR6235-752SML transformer can start the circuit with an input voltage of 20mV to 500rmV; the input voltage is amplified by the transformer to supply power for the LTC3108 chip; the LTC3108 chip regulates the V OUT output voltage through VS1 and VS2 settings; the VS1 pin Connect to V AUX , VS2 pin to GND, when the input voltage is 20mV, V OUT outputs 3.3V; V OUT and V OUT2 output electric energy to supply power to 3.3V wireless sensors; when V OUT reaches 93% of the stable value, LTC3108 controls The electric energy is charged from the V STORE pin to the 0.1F storage capacitor; the input voltage is less than 20mV, and the electric energy in the storage capacitor reversely supplies power to the LTC3108 chip and continues to supply power to the wireless sensor.
如图3所示，森林环境监测传感器Sensors是环境信息采集的核心部件；作为林区传感器网络的重要组成部分，森林环境监测传感器Sensors大幅度应用于森林环境数据信息的传输。森林环境监测传感器Sensors采用ZigBee、GPRS以及2G、3G数据传输方式；通过森林环境监测传感器Sensors采集到的空气温度、空气湿度、土壤温度、土壤湿度、光照强度和风速等环境数据信息，经过ZigBee、GPRS以及2G、3G传感器通信网络，以数字信号形式，传输至计算机数据通信端口，最终到达计算机终端，进行数据分析处理。As shown in Figure 3, forest environment monitoring sensors are the core components of environmental information collection; as an important part of the forest sensor network, forest environment monitoring sensors are widely used in the transmission of forest environment data information. Forest environment monitoring sensors Sensors adopt ZigBee, GPRS and 2G, 3G data transmission methods; the environmental data information such as air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, soil humidity, light intensity and wind speed collected by forest environment monitoring sensors Sensors are passed through ZigBee, GPRS and 2G and 3G sensor communication networks are transmitted to the computer data communication port in the form of digital signals, and finally reach the computer terminal for data analysis and processing.
考虑到温差发电片内阻和周围环境影响，实际应用中，对驱动电能收集模块的输出效果设计实验进行测定：如附图3，将TEG温差发电片与电能收集模块相连接，用万用表分别测量温差发电片输出电压，输入电流和VOUT的电压。当温差发电片两端输出电压为35mV，输入电流为0.12mA时，VOUT输出4.32V，可以实现向4.3V无线传感器进行充电；当温差发电片两端输出电压低于20mV时，存储电容器继续向无线传感器供电。电能收集模块中的温差发电片最低输出功率约为4.2uW，在这种状态下，可以保证电能收集模块正常工作。为森林环境监测中使用的无线传感器网络进行稳定供电。Considering the internal resistance of the thermoelectric generator and the influence of the surrounding environment, in practical applications, design experiments to measure the output effect of the driving power collection module: as shown in Figure 3, connect the TEG thermoelectric generator to the power collection module, and measure them with a multimeter thermoelectric generator output voltage, input current and V OUT voltage. When the output voltage across the thermoelectric generator is 35mV and the input current is 0.12mA, V OUT outputs 4.32V, which can charge the 4.3V wireless sensor; when the output voltage across the thermoelectric generator is lower than 20mV, the storage capacitor continues to Power the wireless sensor. The minimum output power of the thermoelectric generator in the power harvesting module is about 4.2uW. In this state, the normal operation of the power harvesting module can be guaranteed. Provides stable power supply for wireless sensor networks used in forest environment monitoring.
其中散热气流管1材质为易散热材料，如铝，铝铜合金等；散热气流管1管口方位竖立向上，保证与散热片空间位置侧向相对；Wherein, the material of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is a material that is easy to dissipate heat, such as aluminum, aluminum-copper alloy, etc.; the orientation of the nozzle of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is vertically upward, ensuring that it is laterally opposite to the spatial position of the heat sink;
其中导热片5材质为易导热材料，如银，铜等；导热片5贴合安装于全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4内管壁，保证其与全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4的良好传热；Wherein the material of the heat conduction sheet 5 is an easy heat conduction material, such as silver, copper, etc.; the heat conduction sheet 5 is fitted and installed on the inner tube wall of the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4 to ensure good heat transfer between it and the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4;
其中散热片2空间方位处于全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4的轴线方向，保证与空气介质良好接触；The spatial orientation of the heat sink 2 is in the axial direction of the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube 4, ensuring good contact with the air medium;
温差发电片3材质为两种不同半导体；温差发电片3位置固定在与全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4轴线方向，并通过粘性物质与相邻的导热片以及散热片良好贴合；The material of the thermoelectric generation sheet 3 is two different semiconductors; the position of the thermoelectric generation sheet 3 is fixed in the axial direction of the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube 4, and it is well bonded to the adjacent heat conduction sheet and heat sink through the viscous material;
全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4与地面所成夹角必须大于或等于30度；在上述角度条件下，光照在全玻璃真空太阳能集热管4上产生的能量才能保证满足温差发电需求；The angle formed between the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4 and the ground must be greater than or equal to 30 degrees; under the above-mentioned angle conditions, the energy generated by the light on the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4 can meet the temperature difference power generation requirements;
其中电能收集模块6包括LTC3108转换器、LPR6235-752SML升压变压器和外接锂电池及存储电容器；电能收集模块6与温差发电片3两端接线柱相连，整个电能收集模块6固定位置及连线方式不限；保证温差发电片3两端连接LTC3108转换器，转换器连接LPR6235-752SML变压器，变压器为外接锂电池及存储电容器供电。Wherein the power collection module 6 includes an LTC3108 converter, an LPR6235-752SML step-up transformer, an external lithium battery and a storage capacitor; the power collection module 6 is connected to the terminals at both ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3, and the entire power collection module 6 is fixed in position and connected. Unlimited; ensure that the two ends of the thermoelectric generator 3 are connected to the LTC3108 converter, the converter is connected to the LPR6235-752SML transformer, and the transformer supplies power to the external lithium battery and storage capacitor.
【实施例1】【Example 1】
散热气流管1管身位于土壤内部，呈U型分布，管身最低端埋在的土壤中，两端端口暴露在空气中；散热气流管1一端端口作为低端，略高于地面7；另一端口作为高端，略高于凸出地面7的锥状土壤堆顶端；高端端口侧对散热片2，保证散热充足。The body of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is located inside the soil and is distributed in a U shape. The lowest end of the pipe body is buried in the soil, and the ports at both ends are exposed to the air; One port is a high-end, slightly higher than the top of the cone-shaped soil pile protruding from the ground 7; the high-end port faces the heat sink 2 to ensure sufficient heat dissipation.
全玻璃真空太阳集热管4倾斜放置，管身与水平面夹角为30度；将导热片5做成U型，导热片5的U型口嵌入全玻璃真空太阳热管4内管并用导热硅胶与其连接，导热片5底部用导热硅胶与温差发电片3的热端连接；温差发电片3冷端用导热硅胶与散热片2连接。全玻璃真空太阳集热管4和温差发电片3接口处采用气凝胶毡和绝热保温胶密封，减少温差发电片3热端热量散失。The all-glass vacuum solar heat collection tube 4 is placed obliquely, and the angle between the tube body and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees; the heat conduction sheet 5 is made into a U shape, and the U-shaped opening of the heat conduction sheet 5 is embedded in the inner tube of the all-glass vacuum solar heat pipe 4 and connected to it with heat-conducting silica gel , the bottom of the heat conducting sheet 5 is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 3 with thermal silica gel; The interface between the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube 4 and the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 is sealed with airgel felt and thermal insulation glue to reduce heat loss at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 .
温差发电片3与电能收集模块6相连，电能收集模块6中温度传感器显示温差发电片3冷热两端温度数值；电能收集模块6为无线传感器充电；安装完成后按时分段记录温度传感器的输出值温度，实时监测，保证数据信息的稳定监测与传输。The thermoelectric power generation chip 3 is connected to the power collection module 6, and the temperature sensor in the power collection module 6 displays the temperature values at both ends of the thermoelectric power generation chip 3; the power collection module 6 charges the wireless sensor; after the installation is completed, record the output of the temperature sensor by time and segment Value temperature, real-time monitoring, to ensure the stable monitoring and transmission of data information.
【实施例2】[Example 2]
如附图1所示，全玻璃真空太阳集热管4倾斜放置在地面上，集热管4低端固定于水平面，集热管4高端固定在凸出地面7的锥状土壤堆顶端；锥状土壤堆顶端露出散热气流管1高端端口，进行散热；在土壤8和空气9的双重散热作用下，森林环境监测传感器供电装置开始进行能量转换与收集工作；As shown in Figure 1, the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube 4 is placed obliquely on the ground, the lower end of the heat collector tube 4 is fixed on the horizontal plane, and the high end of the heat collector tube 4 is fixed on the top of the cone-shaped soil pile protruding from the ground 7; the cone-shaped soil pile The high-end port of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is exposed at the top to dissipate heat; under the double heat dissipation of the soil 8 and the air 9, the power supply device for the forest environment monitoring sensor starts to convert and collect energy;
将全玻璃真空太阳集热管4倾斜安装在地面7与土壤8顶端之间，集热管4低端固定于地面7，高端固定在锥状土壤堆顶端，保证其与地面7夹角等于30度；相关关系如图1所示。The all-glass vacuum solar heat collecting tube 4 is obliquely installed between the ground 7 and the top of the soil 8, the low end of the heat collecting tube 4 is fixed on the ground 7, and the high end is fixed on the top of the cone-shaped soil pile, so that the angle between it and the ground 7 is equal to 30 degrees; The correlation is shown in Figure 1.
散热气流管1一端端口作为低端，略高于地面7；另一端口作为高端，略高于凸出地面7的锥状土壤堆顶端；高端端口侧对散热片2，保证散热充足。安装方式如附图1。One end port of the heat dissipation airflow pipe 1 is used as the low end, slightly higher than the ground 7; the other port is used as the high end, slightly higher than the top of the cone-shaped soil pile protruding from the ground 7; the high end port faces the heat sink 2 to ensure sufficient heat dissipation. The installation method is shown in Figure 1.
导热片5一端用导热硅胶与全玻璃真空太阳热管4内管连接，另一端用导热硅胶与温差发电片3的热端连接；散热片2用导热硅胶与温差发电片3冷端连接。One end of the heat conduction sheet 5 is connected with the inner tube of the all-glass vacuum solar heat pipe 4 with heat conduction silica gel, and the other end is connected with the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 3 with heat conduction silica gel; the heat sink 2 is connected with the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 3 with heat conduction silica gel.
全玻璃真空太阳集热管4和温差发电片3接口处采用气凝胶毡和绝热保温胶密封；保证集热管4上的散热片3中心与散热气流管1高端端口中心处于在同一竖直方位，适当调整全玻璃真空太阳集热管4倾斜角度，保证在光照和风速稳定时，森林环境监测传感器供电装置可以进行持续工作。The interface between the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube 4 and the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 is sealed with airgel felt and thermal insulation glue; ensure that the center of the heat sink 3 on the heat collector tube 4 is in the same vertical position as the center of the high-end port of the heat dissipation airflow tube 1, Properly adjust the inclination angle of the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube 4 to ensure that the forest environment monitoring sensor power supply device can continue to work when the light and wind speed are stable.
实验数据与能量的转换与收集：通过装置中的温度传感器实现实时显示装置中温差发电片3的冷热两端温度数据；通过连接到温差发电片3两端的电能收集模块收集能量，并将所收集能量传输到存储电容器中，进而为森林环境监测的无线传感器网络进行充电。Conversion and collection of experimental data and energy: Real-time display of temperature data at both ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3 in the device through the temperature sensor in the device; collect energy through the electric energy collection module connected to the two ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 3, and convert the The collected energy is transferred to a storage capacitor to charge the wireless sensor network for forest environment monitoring.
技术效果technical effect
本发明通过利用全玻璃真空太阳集热管、空气、浅层土壤的不同温度使温差发电片冷热两端形成大跨度温差，带动相关电路实现升压，并最终实现存储和输出电能，为林区的无线传感器网络稳定供电。温度传感器的温度监控和相关电路的升压以及电能的存储和输出均自动完成，不需要人工操作，减少了人为的误差和工作量，达到了安装方便，稳定可靠、安全环保、无需外接电能的要求。经过反复试验，通过温度传感器成功显示温差发电片冷热两端的实时温度变化数值，通过外接万用表的顺利显示得到的森林环境监测传感器供电装置的输出电压为4.3V。因此，通过该差森林环境监测传感器供电装置，在无外接电源的情况下，实现为林区的无线传感器网络进行稳定供电可以保证顺利实现。The invention makes use of the different temperatures of the all-glass vacuum solar heat collector tube, air, and shallow soil to form a large-span temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, drives the relevant circuits to realize boosting, and finally realizes storage and output of electric energy, which is a forest area Stable power supply for wireless sensor networks. The temperature monitoring of the temperature sensor, the boosting of related circuits, and the storage and output of electric energy are all completed automatically, without manual operation, reducing human errors and workload, and achieving easy installation, stability, reliability, safety and environmental protection, and no need for external electric energy. Require. After repeated tests, the temperature sensor successfully displayed the real-time temperature change value of the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, and the output voltage of the forest environment monitoring sensor power supply device obtained through the smooth display of the external multimeter was 4.3V. Therefore, through the poor forest environment monitoring sensor power supply device, under the condition of no external power supply, the stable power supply for the wireless sensor network in the forest area can be guaranteed to be successfully realized.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203326931U (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-12-04 | 南昌航空大学 | Self-starting thermoelectric power generation apparatus |
| CN103546066A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-29 | 曙光信息产业(北京)有限公司 | Thermoelectric power generation device and equipment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104009673A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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