CN103994806A - Double-cavity piston type flow calibrator - Google Patents
Double-cavity piston type flow calibrator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种双腔室活塞式流量校准器。本发明包括一个带双杆机构的活塞缸，其中的活塞将活塞缸分为两个腔室，其中的一个活塞杆由电机驱动作直线运动，在每个腔室上都带有温度变送器、压力变送器和接近开关，同时还开有进气口和工作口，两个工作口之间的阀门阵列中装有待检定的流量计。本发明以活塞缸内壁作为体积标准，左右腔体均可以作为计量腔体，活塞前进或后退均可以做计量使用，通过阀门阵列转换，检定流量计效率是普通活塞式流量校准器的2倍；活塞两侧联通，不存在较大压差，可以实现高压条件下的流量计量，也可以减小驱动机构的负荷；本发明的校准器可以形成全密闭的流体循环，可以实现有毒或特殊气体的流量校准。
The invention relates to a double-chamber piston flow calibrator. The invention comprises a piston cylinder with a double rod mechanism, wherein the piston divides the piston cylinder into two chambers, one of the piston rods is driven by a motor for linear motion, and a temperature transmitter is provided on each chamber , a pressure transmitter and a proximity switch, as well as an air inlet and a working port, and a flowmeter to be verified is installed in the valve array between the two working ports. The invention uses the inner wall of the piston cylinder as the volume standard, and both the left and right cavities can be used as the measurement cavity, and the piston can be used for measurement when moving forward or backward. Through the conversion of the valve array, the verification flowmeter efficiency is twice that of the ordinary piston flow calibrator; Both sides of the piston are connected, there is no large pressure difference, flow measurement under high pressure conditions can be realized, and the load on the driving mechanism can also be reduced; the calibrator of the present invention can form a fully closed fluid cycle, and can realize the detection of toxic or special gases. flow calibration.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种流量计量装置，尤其是涉及一种双腔室活塞式流量校准器。 The invention relates to a flow metering device, in particular to a double-chamber piston flow calibrator.
背景技术 Background technique
流量计量是热工计量学的一个分支，是计量科学的一个重要组成部分，其应用遍布于民生计量、能源计量、环保计量、贸易计量等各个领域。近年来，活塞式流量计量装置因具有高精度、高效率和高自动化等优点而等到了广泛应用。 Flow measurement is a branch of thermal metrology and an important part of measurement science. Its applications are widely used in various fields such as people's livelihood measurement, energy measurement, environmental protection measurement, and trade measurement. In recent years, piston flow metering devices have been widely used due to their advantages of high precision, high efficiency and high automation.
普通的活塞式流量计量装置以活塞缸或柱塞为标准，以活塞或柱塞的单向运动做计量行程，反向运动作为回零行程。回零过程的速度受驱动设备的限制，同时也受装置对于流体稳定度要求的限制，不能也不应该过快，因此，每次计量行程都伴有长时间的回零过程，影响活塞式流量计量装置使用效率；已存在的活塞式流量计量装置的流体都为开路式循环，不能进行有毒气体或特殊气体的流量计量。 Ordinary piston-type flow metering devices use a piston cylinder or plunger as a standard, and the one-way movement of the piston or plunger is used as the metering stroke, and the reverse movement is used as the zero-return stroke. The speed of the zero return process is limited by the driving equipment and also by the device’s requirements for fluid stability. It cannot and should not be too fast. Therefore, each metering stroke is accompanied by a long time return to zero process, which affects the piston flow. The use efficiency of the metering device; the fluid of the existing piston flow metering device is an open circuit, and the flow metering of toxic gas or special gas cannot be performed.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了解决背景技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的是提供一种双腔室活塞式流量校准器，可用气体、液体流量器具的计量校准。 In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a double-chamber piston flow calibrator, which can be used for measurement and calibration of gas and liquid flow instruments.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是： In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种双腔室活塞式流量校准器，左活塞杆一端安装在活塞的左侧，另一端穿过无油衬套和活塞缸左法兰，无油衬套经衬套盖板固定在活塞缸左法兰上，活塞缸左法兰上安装有第一温度变送器、第一压力变送器和第一接近开关，开有左工作口和左进口的活塞缸左法兰固定在活塞缸的左侧，形成左侧计量腔室；右活塞杆安装在活塞的右侧，右活塞杆和活塞缸右法兰之间安装有O型圈，第二温度变送器、第二压力变送器和第二接近开关安装在活塞缸右法兰上，开有右工作口和右进口的活塞缸右法兰固定在活塞缸的右侧，组成右侧计量腔室； A double-chamber piston flow calibrator, one end of the left piston rod is installed on the left side of the piston, the other end passes through the oil-free bushing and the left flange of the piston cylinder, and the oil-free bushing is fixed on the piston cylinder through the bushing cover plate On the left flange, the first temperature transmitter, the first pressure transmitter and the first proximity switch are installed on the left flange of the piston cylinder, and the left flange of the piston cylinder with the left working port and the left inlet is fixed on the piston cylinder The left side of the left side forms the left metering chamber; the right piston rod is installed on the right side of the piston, and an O-ring is installed between the right piston rod and the right flange of the piston cylinder, the second temperature transmitter, the second pressure transmitter The sensor and the second proximity switch are installed on the right flange of the piston cylinder, and the right flange of the piston cylinder with the right working port and the right inlet is fixed on the right side of the piston cylinder to form the right metering chamber;
所述的右活塞杆的右端连接导向板，丝杆螺母、两个直线轴承安装在导向板中，滚珠丝杠经丝杠螺母置入右活塞杆中间，滚珠丝杠左端安装有导向环，滚珠丝杠的右端安装有轴承，经联轴器与电机相连；轴承由轴承盖板固定，轴承盖板安装在基座上，电机由安装在基座上的电机支架固定；经过直线轴承的两根导杆一端固定在活塞缸右法兰，另一端由导杆螺母固定在基座上。 The right end of the right piston rod is connected to the guide plate, the screw nut and two linear bearings are installed in the guide plate, the ball screw is inserted into the middle of the right piston rod through the screw nut, the left end of the ball screw is equipped with a guide ring, and the ball screw The right end of the lead screw is equipped with a bearing, which is connected to the motor through a coupling; the bearing is fixed by the bearing cover plate, the bearing cover plate is installed on the base, and the motor is fixed by the motor bracket installed on the base; One end of the guide rod is fixed on the right flange of the piston cylinder, and the other end is fixed on the base by a guide rod nut.
所述的左工作口和右工作口之间设有阀门组成的阵列，被检流量计安装在阀门阵列之中，特殊气源可以经左进气口进入活塞缸内。 An array of valves is arranged between the left working port and the right working port. The flow meter to be tested is installed in the valve array, and the special air source can enter the piston cylinder through the left air inlet.
本发明具有的有益效果是： The beneficial effects that the present invention has are:
1.本发明活塞的左右两侧均为计量腔室，通过阀门阵列的设定，活塞左右方向的运动均可以作为计量行程，消除回零行程，没有等待的时间，使用效率理论上是单向计量腔室的活塞式流量计量装置的2倍。 1. The left and right sides of the piston of the present invention are metering chambers. Through the setting of the valve array, the movement of the piston in the left and right directions can be used as a metering stroke, eliminating the return to zero stroke, and there is no waiting time. The use efficiency is theoretically one-way 2 times that of the piston flow metering device in the metering chamber.
2.本发明可以将特殊气体冲入活塞缸体，组成全封闭的流体循环，进行特殊气体下流量计的计量，完成后特殊气体可以完全排入回收装置，不会对环境、人员产生不良影响。 2. The invention can flush the special gas into the piston cylinder to form a fully enclosed fluid circulation, and measure the flowmeter under the special gas. After the completion, the special gas can be completely discharged into the recovery device without adverse effects on the environment and personnel. .
3.本发明中可以满足高压条件下的计量需求，而且活塞左右两侧压力基本平衡，减小了驱动机构的负荷。 3. The present invention can meet the metering requirements under high pressure conditions, and the pressure on the left and right sides of the piston is basically balanced, reducing the load on the driving mechanism.
4.本发明可用于气体流量计的计量，也可以应用于液体流量的计量。 4. The present invention can be used in the measurement of gas flow meters, and can also be applied to the measurement of liquid flow.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构原理示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the present invention.
图2是本发明的立体结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
图3是本发明的工作管道示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working pipeline of the present invention.
图中：1、左活塞杆，2、衬套盖板，3、左工作口，4、活塞缸左法兰，5、活塞缸，6、活塞，7、活塞缸右法兰，8、右工作口，9、右活塞杆，10、滚珠丝杠，11、导向板，12、丝杠螺母，13、联轴器，14、无油衬套，15、左进口，16、基座，17、O型圈，18、耐磨环，19、支撑环，20、右进口，21、角接触球轴承，22、轴承盖板，23、电机支架，24、电机，25、温度变送器，26、压力变送器，27、直线导杆，28、直线轴承，29、倒杆螺母，30、接近开关，31、阀门，32、被检流量计，33、特殊气源。 In the figure: 1. Left piston rod, 2. Bushing cover plate, 3. Left working port, 4. Left flange of piston cylinder, 5. Piston cylinder, 6. Piston, 7. Right flange of piston cylinder, 8. Right Working port, 9. Right piston rod, 10. Ball screw, 11. Guide plate, 12. Lead screw nut, 13. Coupling, 14. Oil-free bushing, 15. Left inlet, 16. Base, 17 , O-ring, 18, wear-resistant ring, 19, support ring, 20, right inlet, 21, angular contact ball bearing, 22, bearing cover plate, 23, motor bracket, 24, motor, 25, temperature transmitter, 26. Pressure transmitter, 27. Linear guide rod, 28. Linear bearing, 29. Inverted rod nut, 30. Proximity switch, 31. Valve, 32. Checked flow meter, 33. Special gas source.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1、图2所示，活塞6置入活塞缸5内部，活塞6外周安装有耐磨环18，防止活塞6和活塞缸5产生刚性摩擦，活塞6上耐磨环18的两侧安装有O型圈17，实现活塞6与活塞缸5之间的动密封；左活塞杆1安装在活塞6的左侧，其轴端套有作为运动部件的左侧支点无油衬套14，无油衬套14通过衬套盖板2固定在活塞缸左法兰4上，衬套盖板2与左活塞杆1之间安装有密封作用的O型圈17，衬套盖板14与活塞缸左法兰4、活塞缸左法兰4与活塞缸5之间均有橡胶垫片，活塞6、活塞缸5、活塞缸左法兰4、左活塞杆1、无油衬套14、衬套盖板2、O型圈17组成左侧计量腔室。 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the piston 6 is placed inside the piston cylinder 5, and a wear-resistant ring 18 is installed on the outer periphery of the piston 6 to prevent rigid friction between the piston 6 and the piston cylinder 5. The two sides of the wear-resistant ring 18 on the piston 6 are installed There is an O-ring 17 to realize the dynamic seal between the piston 6 and the piston cylinder 5; the left piston rod 1 is installed on the left side of the piston 6, and its shaft end is covered with a left fulcrum oil-free bushing 14 as a moving part. The oil bushing 14 is fixed on the left flange 4 of the piston cylinder through the bushing cover plate 2. An O-ring 17 for sealing is installed between the bushing cover plate 2 and the left piston rod 1. The bushing cover plate 14 and the piston cylinder Left flange 4, piston cylinder There are rubber gaskets between left flange 4 and piston cylinder 5, piston 6, piston cylinder 5, piston cylinder left flange 4, left piston rod 1, oil-free bushing 14, bushing The cover plate 2 and the O-ring 17 form the left metering chamber.
如图1、图2所示，右活塞杆9安装在活塞6的右侧，其轴端穿过活塞缸右法兰7的中心孔，两者之间安装有O型圈17，活塞缸右法兰7和活塞缸5之间有橡胶垫片，活塞5、活塞缸6、右活塞杆9、活塞缸右法兰7、O型圈17组成右侧计量腔室。为保证装置两向运动的稳定，左活塞杆1和右活塞杆9的轴端直径要求一致，保证左右计量腔室的对称。 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the right piston rod 9 is installed on the right side of the piston 6, and its shaft end passes through the center hole of the right flange 7 of the piston cylinder, and an O-ring 17 is installed between the two, and the right side of the piston cylinder There is a rubber gasket between the flange 7 and the piston cylinder 5, and the piston 5, the piston cylinder 6, the right piston rod 9, the right flange 7 of the piston cylinder, and the O-ring 17 form the right metering chamber. In order to ensure the stability of the two-way movement of the device, the shaft end diameters of the left piston rod 1 and the right piston rod 9 are required to be consistent to ensure the symmetry of the left and right metering chambers.
如图1、图2所示，右活塞杆9的右侧安装有导向板11，丝杠螺母12、直线轴承28安装在导向板11上，滚珠丝杠9过丝杠螺母12后置入右活塞杆9的内部，其左端安装有支撑环19，保证滚珠丝杠9运动的平稳，滚珠丝杠9的右端装有轴承21，轴承21经轴承盖板22固定，一起组成滚珠丝杠9的固定端；滚珠丝杠9的末端安装有联轴器13，实现滚珠丝杠9与电机24的联接，电机24经电机支架23固定在基座16上；支撑环19、滚珠丝杠10、导向板11、丝杠螺母12、轴承21、轴承盖板22、联轴器13、电机24组成装置的运动执行机构。在滚珠丝杠9的两侧，安装有两根直线导杆27，直线导杆27过直线轴承28，一端螺纹固定在活塞缸右法兰7上，另一端经倒杆螺母29固定在基座16上，活塞缸右法兰7、导向板11、直线导杆27、直线轴承28、倒杆螺母29组成装置的导向机构。设计、加工、安装时，需保证左活塞杆、活塞、活塞缸、右活塞杆、滚珠丝杠、电机的轴线偏差处在容许范围内。 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a guide plate 11 is installed on the right side of the right piston rod 9, a screw nut 12 and a linear bearing 28 are installed on the guide plate 11, and the ball screw 9 passes through the screw nut 12 and is inserted into the right side. Inside the piston rod 9, a support ring 19 is installed at the left end to ensure the smooth movement of the ball screw 9. The right end of the ball screw 9 is equipped with a bearing 21, which is fixed by the bearing cover plate 22 to form the ball screw 9 together. fixed end; the end of the ball screw 9 is equipped with a shaft coupling 13 to realize the connection between the ball screw 9 and the motor 24, and the motor 24 is fixed on the base 16 through the motor bracket 23; the support ring 19, the ball screw 10, the guide Plate 11, lead screw nut 12, bearing 21, bearing cover plate 22, shaft coupling 13, motor 24 form the motion actuator of the device. On both sides of the ball screw 9, two linear guide rods 27 are installed. The linear guide rods 27 pass through the linear bearings 28, and one end is threaded on the right flange 7 of the piston cylinder, and the other end is fixed on the base via an inverted rod nut 29. On 16, the guiding mechanism of piston cylinder right flange 7, guide plate 11, linear guide rod 27, linear bearing 28, inverted rod nut 29 composition devices. When designing, processing and installing, it is necessary to ensure that the axis deviation of the left piston rod, piston, piston cylinder, right piston rod, ball screw and motor is within the allowable range.
如图1、图2所示，活塞缸左法兰4、活塞缸右法兰7上都装有温度变送器25、压力变送器26以及接近开关30，变送器实现计量腔室内部的温度、压力监视与测量，接近开关30作为安全防撞设备。 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the piston cylinder left flange 4 and the piston cylinder right flange 7 are equipped with a temperature transmitter 25, a pressure transmitter 26 and a proximity switch 30, and the transmitter realizes the measurement inside the chamber. Temperature, pressure monitoring and measurement, proximity switch 30 as safety anti-collision equipment.
如图1、图3所示活塞缸左法兰4上开有左工作口3和左进口15，活塞缸右法兰7上开有右工作口8和右进口20，进口处均设有通断阀门31，在两工作口之间安装有4个阀门31组成的阀门阵列，实现装置左右计量行程中，被检流量计32流体方向的控制，提高装置的使用效率。特殊流量源33需要时可接入左侧计量腔室，经过活塞的运动，可以使左右计量腔室全部充满特殊的介质，进行特殊条件下的流量计的计量。该装置另配有上、下位机系统，完成对装置的自动控制、数据采集与保存、安全限位等等功能。 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, the left flange 4 of the piston cylinder has a left working port 3 and a left inlet 15, and the right flange 7 of the piston cylinder has a right working port 8 and a right inlet 20. The valve 31 is cut off, and a valve array composed of four valves 31 is installed between the two working ports to realize the control of the fluid direction of the tested flow meter 32 during the left and right metering strokes of the device, and to improve the use efficiency of the device. The special flow source 33 can be connected to the left metering chamber when needed, and through the movement of the piston, the left and right metering chambers can be filled with special medium to measure the flowmeter under special conditions. The device is also equipped with upper and lower computer systems to complete the functions of automatic control of the device, data collection and storage, safety limit and so on.
该装置的工作原理如下： The working principle of the device is as follows:
以内径d活塞缸和外径d k活塞杆组成容积计量标准腔室。工作时，电机经联轴器驱动丝杠做指定速度的均匀圆周运动，圆周运动经丝杠螺母等组件转换匀速的活塞的直线运动，假设活塞的运动速度为v，此时计量腔体稳定的排出标准流量Q： The volume measurement standard chamber is composed of the inner diameter d piston cylinder and the outer diameter d k piston rod. When working, the motor drives the lead screw through the coupling to make a uniform circular motion at a specified speed, and the circular motion is converted into a uniform linear motion of the piston through the lead screw nut and other components. Assuming that the moving speed of the piston is v , the metering chamber is stable at this time Discharge standard flow Q :
该标准流量Q与流量计给出的示值读数Q 0，经温度、压力参数转换到同一状态下后，进行流量计示值误差的计算。 After the standard flow Q and the indication reading Q 0 given by the flowmeter are converted to the same state through the temperature and pressure parameters, the calculation of the indication error of the flowmeter is carried out.
流量计安装在阀门阵列中，做单流向的计量检定时，当使用左侧计量腔室，即活塞向左运动时，打开V3、V6，关闭V4、V5，此时流体自左向右流动，最后流入右侧腔室；当使用右侧计量腔室时，打开V4、V5，关闭V3、V6，保证流体依然自左向右流动，进入左侧腔室；通过阀门阵列的设定，可以使得活塞的左右运动都可以作为计量行程。针对有双向流量计量性能的流量计的检定时，通过阀门的阵列的设置，可以方便产生任意流向的流量，方便计量使用。当需进行特殊介质（比如有毒有害气体）下的流量计的计量时，特殊介质通过左进口进入活塞缸体内部，关闭V1、V2，使得流体形成全封闭的循环，可防止污染或浪费；当需进行高压条件下的流量计计量时，特殊压力的介质可按设定压力打入活塞缸内，同样关闭V1、V2，即可进行高压下的流量计的性能检验。 The flowmeter is installed in the valve array, and when doing the measurement verification of one flow direction, when the left metering chamber is used, that is, when the piston moves to the left, V3 and V6 are opened, and V4 and V5 are closed. At this time, the fluid flows from left to right. Finally, it flows into the right chamber; when using the right metering chamber, open V4, V5, close V3, V6 to ensure that the fluid still flows from left to right and enters the left chamber; through the setting of the valve array, it can make The left and right movement of the piston can be used as a metering stroke. For the verification of the flow meter with bidirectional flow measurement performance, through the setting of the valve array, the flow of any flow direction can be conveniently generated, which is convenient for measurement and use. When it is necessary to measure the flowmeter under special medium (such as poisonous and harmful gas), the special medium enters the piston cylinder through the left inlet, and V1 and V2 are closed, so that the fluid forms a fully closed cycle, which can prevent pollution or waste; when When it is necessary to measure the flowmeter under high pressure, the medium with special pressure can be pumped into the piston cylinder according to the set pressure, and V1 and V2 are also closed to perform the performance test of the flowmeter under high pressure.
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