CN103993851A - Protection device and working method for oil well holding pressure operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an oil well pressure building operation protection device and a working method thereof, wherein the device comprises: a pressure sensor that detects a pressure value of the back pressure line when the pressure building operation is performed; the first comparator compares the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor with a preset alarm value, and outputs a signal for triggering the alarm to give an alarm when the pressure value reaches the preset alarm value; the second comparator compares the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor with a preset safe pressure-resistant upper limit value, and outputs a signal for triggering the automatic valve to open when the pressure value reaches the preset safe pressure-resistant upper limit value; the alarm sends out an alarm signal under the triggering of the first comparator; and the automatic valve is arranged on the back pressure pipeline and is connected with the second comparator, and the automatic valve is started under the triggering of the second comparator to release the pressure of the back pressure pipeline. The embodiment of the invention reduces the potential safety hazard in the pressure-holding operation and ensures the safety of workers and equipment.

Description

Protection device and working method for oil well holding pressure operation

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploitation, in particular to an oil well pressure holding operation protection device and a working method thereof.

Background technique

In SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Draining, steam-assisted gravity drainage) production, the oil well pump is an important part of the oil recovery system, and the working condition of the oil well pump directly affects the production of SAGD oil wells. Pressure holding operation is a relatively simple skill for oil production workers to judge the production status of oil well pumps, and it is widely used in the field.

Due to the particularity of SAGD development, the output fluid flow rate is large (above 100t/d) and the pressure is high (about 1MPa). However, the pressure resistance of ground equipment (pipelines, valves, etc.) is limited. When the pressure is suppressed, the pressure rises quickly (up to 1.0MPa/half stroke at the fastest), and soon reached the safe pressure upper limit of the ground equipment, at this time the operator needs to stop pumping immediately to prevent the pressure from continuing to rise, which will cause damage to the equipment and its operators.

At present, when the production unit conducts SAGD well pressure holding operation, different personnel monitor the pressure and operate the pumping unit. When the pressure is too high, the monitoring personnel issue a warning, and the operator of the pumping unit stops pumping. However, due to the rapid rise of the SAGD pressure during the pressure holding operation, and it takes a certain time for the staff to issue a warning and stop the pumping, the pressure may be too high when the pumping is stopped. When the pressure exceeds the safe pressure limit of the wellhead equipment, accidents may occur It happened. Therefore, there are potential safety hazards in the current SAGD wellhead pressure holding operation.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention provides an oil well pressure holding operation protection device and a working method thereof, which solves the technical problem of potential safety hazards in the SAGD wellhead pressure holding operation in the prior art.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure holding operation protection device, which includes: a pressure sensor installed on the back pressure pipeline at the wellhead, used to detect the pressure of the back pressure pipeline during the pressure holding operation Pressure value; the first comparator is connected with the pressure sensor, and is used to compare the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset alarm value, and the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor When the pressure value reaches the preset alarm value, a signal that triggers the alarm to alarm is output; the second comparator is connected with the pressure sensor, and is used to compare the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor with the The preset safe withstand pressure upper limit value is compared, and when the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit value, a signal that triggers the automatic valve opening is output, wherein the The preset safety withstand voltage upper limit value is greater than the preset alarm value; the alarm is connected to the first comparator, and the alarm is used to send an alarm signal under the trigger of the first comparator; The automatic valve is installed on the back pressure pipeline and connected with the second comparator, and the automatic valve is used to be opened under the trigger of the second comparator to discharge the back pressure pipeline. pressure.

In one embodiment, the back pressure line includes a main back pressure line and an auxiliary back pressure line, two holes are opened on the side wall of the main back pressure line along the extending direction of the main back pressure line, the The openings at both ends of the auxiliary back pressure pipeline communicate with the two holes of the main back pressure line respectively, the automatic valve is installed on the auxiliary back pressure line, and the oil well pressure holding operation protection device also includes: a manual valve, Installed between the two holes on the main back pressure line connected to the auxiliary back pressure line, the manual valve is used for manual opening or closing to adjust the air pressure flow of the back pressure line.

In one embodiment, the diameter of the primary backpressure line is greater than or equal to the diameter of the auxiliary backpressure line.

In one embodiment, the pressure sensor is installed at the back pressure gauge of the back pressure pipeline.

In one embodiment, the pressure sensor is a capacitive pressure sensor.

In one embodiment, the automatic valve is an electric eccentric rotary valve.

In one embodiment, the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit is at least 0.1 MPa lower than the rated withstand pressure of the return pressure pipeline.

In one embodiment, the well is a steam assisted gravity drainage well.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a working method of an oil well pressure holding operation protection device, the method includes: closing the automatic valve, starting the oil well pump; when the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the When the alarm value is preset, the first comparator triggers the alarm to send an alarm signal, instructing to stop the oil well pump; when the pressure value of the return pressure line detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset safe withstand pressure When the upper limit value is reached, the second comparator triggers the opening of the automatic valve to release the pressure of the back pressure pipeline.

In one embodiment, the back pressure line includes a main back pressure line and an auxiliary back pressure line, two vertically arranged holes are opened on the side wall of the main back pressure line, and the two holes of the auxiliary back pressure line are The ends are respectively connected to the two holes of the main back pressure pipeline, the automatic valve is installed on the auxiliary back pressure pipeline, and the manual valve is installed on the main back pressure pipeline connected to the auxiliary back pressure pipeline. When the oil well is under pressure operation, close the manual valve and close the automatic valve; when the oil well is in production, close the automatic valve and adjust the manual valve to open or close to adjust the air pressure flow of the back pressure pipeline.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline is detected in real time by the pressure sensor, the first comparator compares the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset alarm value, and the second comparator compares the pressure The pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the sensor is compared with the preset safety pressure upper limit value, and when the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset alarm value, the first comparator triggers the alarm Send an alarm signal to remind the staff to stop the pressure holding operation and record data in time, avoiding accidents that may occur due to the response time required for manual alarms. At the same time, when the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset When the upper limit of the safe withstand pressure is reached, the second comparator triggers the automatic valve to open, and the air pressure of the back pressure pipeline is unblocked, realizing the pressure relief of the back pressure pipeline, avoiding the failure of the back pressure pipeline due to the inability to stop the oil well pump in time or after stopping the oil well pump. The accidents caused by the continuous rise of the pressure reduce the potential safety hazards in the pressure holding operation and ensure the safety of the staff and equipment.

Description of drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the application, and do not limit the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an oil well pressure holding operation protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a specific example of an oil well pressure holding operation protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a working method of an oil well pressure holding operation protection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a pressure holding operation protection device is provided. As shown in FIG. 1 , the pressure holding operation protection device includes:

The pressure sensor 101 is installed on the back pressure pipeline 102 at the wellhead, and is used to detect the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline during the pressure holding operation;

The first comparator 103 is connected with the pressure sensor 101, and is used to compare the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset alarm value, and the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor When the pressure value reaches the preset alarm value, a signal that triggers the alarm to alarm is output;

The second comparator 104 is connected with the pressure sensor 101, and is used to compare the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset safety pressure upper limit value, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is When the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline reaches the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit, a signal triggering the opening of the automatic valve is output, wherein the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit is greater than the preset alarm value;

The alarm 105 is connected to the first comparator 103, and the alarm is used to send an alarm signal under the trigger of the first comparator;

The automatic valve 106 is installed on the back pressure pipeline and connected with the second comparator 104, the automatic valve is used to be opened under the trigger of the second comparator, and the back pressure pipeline Perform pressure relief.

As can be seen from Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline is detected in real time by the pressure sensor, and the first comparator compares the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset alarm value , the second comparator compares the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset safety pressure upper limit value, and when the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset alarm value, The first comparator triggers the alarm to send an alarm signal, reminding the staff to stop the pressure holding operation and record data in time, which not only reduces the manpower required for the pressure holding operation, but also avoids possible accidents due to the response time required for manual alarms. At the same time, when the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset safe pressure upper limit, the second comparator triggers the automatic valve to open, and the air pressure of the back pressure pipeline is unblocked. The arrows in the arrow indicate the flow of air pressure flow, realize the pressure relief of the back pressure pipeline, and avoid accidents caused by the failure to stop the oil well pump in time or the pressure of the back pressure pipeline continues to rise after the oil well pump is stopped, thereby reducing the pressure holding operation. potential safety hazards, ensuring the safety of staff and equipment.

During specific implementation, in order to improve the flexible applicability of the pressure holding operation protection device, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. There are two holes on the side wall of the main back pressure pipeline along the extension direction of the main back pressure line, and the openings at both ends of the auxiliary back pressure line are respectively connected with the two holes of the main back pressure line to form a back pressure line. Pressure pipeline circuit, the air pressure flow in the main back pressure line can flow into the auxiliary back pressure line from one hole, and then flow back to the main back pressure line from the auxiliary back pressure line through another hole, the automatic valve 106 is installed on the auxiliary back pressure line On the back pressure pipeline, the oil well holding pressure operation protection device also includes: a manual valve 203 installed between the two holes on the main back pressure line connected to the auxiliary back pressure line, and the manual valve is used for It can be used to manually open or close to adjust the air pressure flow of the return pressure line. For example, during oil well production, the automatic valve 106 is closed, and the air pressure flow of the back pressure pipeline can be adjusted by opening and closing the manual valve, thereby controlling the flow of the production pipeline and the pressure of the production system. In oil well pressure suppression operation, by closing the manual valve 203, the spool of the manual valve blocks the passage of the main return pressure pipeline 201, and closing the automatic valve 106, the spool of the automatic valve blocks the passage of the auxiliary return pressure pipeline 202, achieving For pressure purposes, when the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset safe pressure upper limit, the second comparator triggers the automatic valve to open, and the air pressure of the auxiliary back pressure line is unblocked, and the back pressure in Figure 2 Arrows in the lines indicate the flow of pneumatic air flow to achieve depressurization of the back pressure line.

During specific implementation, the diameter of the main backpressure pipeline may be greater than or equal to the diameter of the auxiliary backpressure pipeline.

During specific implementation, the pressure sensor 101 is installed on the back pressure pipeline between the automatic valve 106 and the wellhead, specifically, it can be installed at the back pressure gauge of the back pressure pipeline. In order to improve the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor and increase the pressure change feedback speed, the pressure sensor 101 can be a capacitive pressure sensor. This sensor has pressure measurement accuracy up to 0.01Mpa (Mpa), fast pressure change feedback speed, simple structure, It has the characteristics of strong adaptability, good dynamic characteristics, low heat generation, and non-contact measurement of signals.

During specific implementation, the automatic valve 106 may be an electric eccentric rotary valve, which is suitable for occasions with high viscosity, high pressure difference, large flow capacity, tight sealing and wide adjustable range.

In order to further ensure the safety of staff and equipment, in this embodiment, the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit is at least 0.1 MPa lower than the rated withstand pressure value of the return pressure pipeline, and the preset alarm value can be Set according to specific job needs.

During specific implementation, the above-mentioned holding pressure operation protection device can be applied to any oil recovery method with holding pressure operation, but for the special characteristics of high temperature, large displacement, and high pressure of SAGD production, the oil well is a steam-assisted gravity drainage oil well It can not only save manpower, but also greatly improve the safety of SAGD well pressure operation.

For example, at present, when the production unit conducts the SAGD well pressure suppression operation, it is carried out by three staff members. Employee A is responsible for starting and stopping the pumping unit (or pump), employee B is responsible for statistics and recording data, and employee C is responsible for monitoring the pressure gauge. When the reading of the pressure gauge reaches the predetermined reading, employee C will issue a warning. Employee A will stop pumping when the pumping unit reaches the top dead point or bottom dead point. Determine the state of the oil well pump. However, during the pressure holding process, due to the rapid rise of the pressure of the SAGD well, it takes a certain time for the staff to respond to the alarm and stop the pumping, which may cause the pressure to be too high when the pumping is stopped. When the pressure exceeds the pressure resistance capacity of the wellhead equipment, the accident occurs .

After using the above pressure holding operation protection device, only two staff members need to carry out the pressure holding operation. Before the pressure holding operation, the staff set the preset alarm value on the first comparator, and set Set the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit value. During the pressure holding operation, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset alarm value, the first comparator triggers the alarm to send out an alarm signal, and employee A records the current stroke times , Employee B stops the oil well pump (or oil pump unit), so that not only saves manpower, but also shortens the reaction time of the staff, and enhances the safety guarantee. When the oil well pump cannot be stopped due to some reasons or after the oil well pump is stopped, the pressure continues to rise and reaches the preset safe withstand pressure upper limit (close to the rated pressure withstand value of the equipment), the second comparator triggers the automatic valve to open and starts to release pressure , to ensure the safety of staff and equipment.

In an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a working method of an oil well pressure holding operation protection device, as shown in FIG. 3 , the method includes the following steps:

Step 301: closing the automatic valve, starting the oil well pump, and performing pressure holding operation;

Step 302: When the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset alarm value, the first comparator triggers the alarm to send an alarm signal, instructing to stop the oil well pump;

Step 303: When the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset safe pressure upper limit, the second comparator triggers the automatic valve to open, and the back pressure pipeline is pressure relief.

In a specific implementation process, the back pressure pipeline may include a main back pressure line and an auxiliary back pressure line, two vertically arranged holes are opened on the side wall of the main back pressure line, and the auxiliary back pressure line The two ends of the valve are respectively connected to the two holes of the main back pressure pipeline, the automatic valve is installed on the auxiliary back pressure pipeline, and the manual valve is installed on the main back pressure pipeline connected with the auxiliary back pressure pipeline , when the oil well is under pressure operation, close the manual valve and close the automatic valve; when the oil well is in production, close the automatic valve, and adjust the manual valve to open or close to adjust the air pressure flow of the back pressure pipeline.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline is detected in real time by the pressure sensor, the first comparator compares the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset alarm value, and the second comparator compares the pressure The pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the sensor is compared with the preset safety pressure upper limit value, and when the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset alarm value, the first comparator triggers the alarm Send an alarm signal to remind the staff to stop the pressure holding operation and record data in time, which not only reduces the manpower required for the pressure holding operation, but also avoids accidents that may be caused by the reaction time required for manual alarms. At the same time, the pressure sensor When the detected pressure value of the back pressure pipeline reaches the preset safe pressure upper limit, the second comparator triggers the automatic valve to open, and the air pressure of the back pressure pipeline is unblocked, realizing the pressure relief of the back pressure pipeline, avoiding the failure to stop in time After the pump is pumped or stopped, the pressure of the return pressure pipeline continues to rise and cause accidents, thereby reducing the potential safety hazards in the pressure holding operation and ensuring the safety of staff and equipment.

Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that each module or each step of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed among multiple computing devices. Optionally, they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, thereby, they may be stored in a storage device to be executed by a computing device, and in some cases, may be implemented in a code different from that described herein The steps shown or described are executed in sequence, or they are fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An oil well pressure holding operation protection device, characterized in that it comprises: The pressure sensor is installed on the back pressure pipeline at the wellhead, and is used to detect the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline during the pressure holding operation; The first comparator, connected to the pressure sensor, is used to compare the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor with the preset alarm value, and the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor When the preset alarm value is reached, a signal that triggers the alarm to alarm is output; The second comparator is connected with the pressure sensor, and is used to compare the pressure value of the back pressure pipeline detected by the pressure sensor with the preset safety pressure upper limit value, and the back pressure detected by the pressure sensor When the pressure value of the pipeline reaches the preset safe pressure upper limit, a signal triggering automatic valve opening is output, wherein the preset safe pressure upper limit is greater than the preset alarm value; The alarm is connected to the first comparator, and the alarm is used to send an alarm signal under the trigger of the first comparator; The automatic valve is installed on the back pressure pipeline and connected with the second comparator, and the automatic valve is used to be opened under the trigger of the second comparator to discharge the back pressure pipeline. pressure. 2. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the back pressure pipeline includes a main back pressure line and an auxiliary back pressure line, and the side wall of the main back pressure line runs along the main back pressure line. There are two holes in the extension direction of the pressure pipeline, and the openings at both ends of the auxiliary back pressure pipeline communicate with the two holes of the main back pressure pipeline respectively. The automatic valve is installed on the auxiliary back pressure pipeline. The oil well holding pressure operation protection device also includes: A manual valve is installed between the two holes on the main back pressure pipeline connected to the auxiliary back pressure line, and the manual valve is used for manual opening or closing to adjust the air pressure flow of the back pressure line. 3. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the diameter of the main backpressure pipeline is greater than or equal to the diameter of the auxiliary backpressure pipeline. 4. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is installed at the back pressure gauge of the back pressure pipeline. 5. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a capacitive pressure sensor. 6. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic valve is an electric eccentric rotary valve. 7. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the preset safe upper limit of pressure resistance is at least 0.1 MPa lower than the rated pressure resistance value of the return pressure pipeline. 8. The oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the oil well is a steam-assisted gravity drainage oil well. 9. A working method of the oil well pressure holding operation protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises: Close the automatic valve and start the oil well pump; When the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset alarm value, the first comparator triggers the alarm to send an alarm signal, instructing to stop the oil well pump; When the pressure value of the back pressure line detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset safe pressure upper limit, the second comparator triggers the opening of the automatic valve to release the pressure of the back pressure line. 10. The working method of the oil well holding pressure operation protection device according to claim 9, wherein the back pressure pipeline comprises a main back pressure line and an auxiliary back pressure line, and the side wall of the main back pressure line is provided with Two vertically arranged holes, the two ends of the auxiliary back pressure pipeline are respectively connected to the two holes of the main back pressure line, the automatic valve is installed on the auxiliary back pressure line, and the manual valve is installed on the connection On the main back pressure pipeline where the auxiliary back pressure line is located, when the oil well is holding pressure, close the manual valve and close the automatic valve; when the oil well is in production, close the automatic valve and adjust the manual valve Turn on or off to adjust the air pressure flow in the return pressure line.