CN103993216A - Plunger for compressor pump body, production method thereof as well as compressor and refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Plunger for compressor pump body, production method thereof as well as compressor and refrigeration equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103993216A CN103993216A CN201410225658.2A CN201410225658A CN103993216A CN 103993216 A CN103993216 A CN 103993216A CN 201410225658 A CN201410225658 A CN 201410225658A CN 103993216 A CN103993216 A CN 103993216A
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 zinc magnesium aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001126 Compacted graphite iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plunger for a compressor pump body, a production method thereof as well as a compressor and refrigeration equipment. The plunger for the compressor pump body is made from vermicular graphite cast iron, wherein the vermicular graphite cast iron contains the following components in percentage by weight: 3.2%-3.8% of C, 2.0%-3.0% of Si, 0.5%-1% of Mn, not higher than 1.0% of Cu, not higher than 0.3% of P, not higher than 0.06% of S and the balance of iron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of compressors, in particular to a piston for a compressor pump body, a preparation method of the piston, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.
Background
All large air conditioner manufacturers at home and abroad commonly adopt a fully-closed rolling piston rotary air conditioner compressor. The compressor pump body comprises components such as a cylinder, upper and lower bearings, a piston, a sliding sheet, a crankshaft and the like, and a cavity for compressing refrigerant mixed gas is formed by the cylinder, the upper and lower bearings, the piston and the sliding sheet. The efficiency of the compressor is greatly influenced by the gap leakage, the pressure loss of suction and exhaust and the friction loss of pump parts, the performance of the compressor is obviously reduced or even loses efficacy when the parts are abraded too much, and the factors have great relation with the material and machining of the pump parts and require the material of the pump parts to have good machining precision and wear resistance. The cylinder, the upper and lower bearings and the piston are made of materials, and relevant manufacturers in the compressor industry generally adopt grey cast iron to manufacture. In particular, the piston is usually made of HT300 with a high grade in each large compressor factory, and meanwhile, in order to enhance the wear resistance, alloy elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo and the like are added into a matrix.
The piston adopts HT300 alloy gray cast iron, and has the following problems:
the manufacturability is poor: first, as the grade of the gray cast iron is increased, the castability is decreased and the shrinkage ratio is increased. The shrinkage rate of HT300 casting is as high as 3.94%, and meanwhile, in order to improve the wear resistance, alloying elements are added into the components of the HT300 casting so as to form hard particles in a matrix, so that the yield of the casting is further reduced, and the machining difficulty is greatly increased.
The linear expansion coefficient difference with other pump body parts is larger. Because each part of the pump body adopts different materials, wherein the cylinder and the bearing adopt HT 200-250, the piston adopts HT300 alloy cast iron, and the crankshaft adopts QT 600. The linear expansion coefficients of the three materials are greatly different, particularly the linear expansion coefficients of the piston and the cylinder are different by 1.5 multiplied by 10 within the working temperature range of the compressor-6K; and the linear expansion coefficients of the piston and the crankshaft are different greatly. If the clearance design of each fit size is large, the volumetric efficiency loss of the whole machine is large, and if the clearance design is small, the actual clearance is changed during operation, so that the operation fault of the compressor is caused.
Insufficient wear resistance: the piston and other parts of the compressor pump body have rolling friction and sliding friction, and are one of the parts with the worst friction conditions in the parts of the compressor pump body, and even if the parts adopt materials with higher marks and more wear-resistant than other parts, after long-term heavy load operation, the parts are still the parts with the most serious wear because of the cutting action of the flaky graphite form on the matrix.
The cost is high: with the increase of the gray cast iron grade, the casting cost is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the cost of the piston is further improved due to the addition of alloy elements, particularly Ni and Mo, to the matrix, which belong to precious metals.
Therefore, no matter the material characteristics are satisfied with the use requirements of the compressor, or the raw material and manufacturing cost are met, the alloy gray cast iron piston used for the pump body of the compressor at the present stage still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a piston for a compressor, which has good manufacturability, a linear expansion coefficient close to that of a cylinder and a crankshaft, high wear resistance, and low cost.
As mentioned above, there are many problems in using gray cast iron or gray alloy cast iron for the piston, and it is an indelible task to find a more suitable material as a substitute material for gray cast iron to better develop the performance of the compressor.
Thus, according to one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a piston for a compressor pump body, characterized in that it is made of compacted graphite iron comprising: 3.2 to 3.8 wt% of C; 2.0 to 3.0 wt% of Si; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Mn; not more than 1.0 wt.% Cu; not more than 0.3 wt.% of P; not more than 0.06 wt% S; and the balance iron.
Therefore, the piston for the compressor pump body is made of the vermicular cast iron with the components, so that the piston has better machinability, the stability of a fit clearance is improved, the abrasion resistance of the piston is enhanced, and the cost is reduced.
In addition, the piston for the compressor pump body according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the vermicular cast iron further comprises: 0.5 to 1.0 wt% of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of Ni and not more than 0.5 wt% of Mo.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vermicular cast iron has a vermicular rate of 40% to 90%. Therefore, the quantity of the vermicular graphite in the piston matrix can be ensured, the wear resistance of the piston for the compressor pump body is further enhanced, the wear of the piston, the sliding sheet and the cylinder is improved, and the precision retentivity of the compressor is particularly excellent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron is not less than 320 MPa. Therefore, the strength of the piston for the compressor pump body can be effectively improved, the pressure resistance of the piston is improved, the range of the compression ratio of the piston is enlarged, and the piston is suitable for more refrigerants.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vermicular cast iron has an elastic modulus of not less than 145 GPa. Therefore, the rigidity of the piston for the compressor pump body and the thermal stability of the fit clearance can be further improved, a space is provided for reducing the fit clearance, and the performance of the compressor can be improved.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a method for preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, comprising:
providing a smelting raw material mixture;
smelting the smelting raw material mixture to obtain mixed molten iron;
adding a vermiculizer into the mixed molten iron for vermicularizing treatment;
pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to the vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; and
processing the crude piston to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body,
wherein,
the smelting feed mixture comprises:
3.2 to 3.8 wt% of C; 2.0 to 3.0 wt% of Si; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Mn; not more than 1.0 wt.% Cu; not more than 0.3 wt.% of P; not more than 0.06 wt% S; and the balance iron.
The piston for the compressor pump body prepared by the method has the advantages of low cost, low deformation and high wear resistance.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the vermiculizer is a rare earth zinc magnesium aluminum alloy.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the rare earth-zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy is added in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5 wt% of the mixed molten iron.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, before the processing the crude piston, the method further comprises: and carrying out quenching-tempering treatment on the crude piston. Therefore, the hardness of the vermicular cast iron can be improved to HRC 43-53.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a compressor comprising the piston for a compressor pump body as described above or a piston for a compressor pump body produced by the method for producing a piston for a compressor pump body as described above. Therefore, the compressor has the advantages of low cost, good manufacturability, good stability of matched dimension, low deformation and strong wear resistance.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a refrigeration device comprising a compressor as described above, said refrigeration device being an air conditioner and/or a refrigerator. The quality of the refrigeration device can thereby be further improved.
Detailed Description
The piston for a pump body of a compressor according to the above embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. A piston for a compressor pump body according to an embodiment of the present invention is made of vermicular cast iron including: 3.2 to 3.8 wt% of C; 2.0 to 3.0 wt% of Si; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Mn; not more than 1.0 wt.% Cu; not more than 0.3 wt.% of P; not more than 0.06 wt% S; and the balance iron.
The strength, elastic modulus and abrasion resistance of the piston can be obviously improved; and expensive alloy materials are not required to be added to improve the deformation resistance and the abrasion resistance, so that the cost can be effectively reduced.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vermicular cast iron may further comprise: 0.5 to 1.0 wt% of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of Ni and not more than 0.5 wt% of Mo. The homogeneity, hardness and wear resistance of the cast iron structure can thereby be further improved. By controlling the addition of Cr, Ni and Mo, the hardness and wear resistance of the casting can be effectively improved, and the cost is not increased obviously. Therefore, the vermicular cast iron of the above embodiment of the invention has higher performance-price ratio, so that the piston prepared by using the vermicular cast iron has better performance and cost.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the vermicular cast iron with the components can reach 40-90 percent of vermicular rate. This can further enhance the wear resistance of the piston for a compressor pump block, improve the wear of the piston, vane, and cylinder, and improve the precision retention of the compressor. The cast matrix structure of the piston comprises pearlite and ferrite, wherein the pearlite content is 35-100%. The ferrite content is 0% to 65%, thereby enabling the vermicular cast iron to have good manufacturability. The piston of the invention has a mixed matrix with pearlite accounting for a certain proportion, and the machinability of the piston is superior to that of the common vermicular cast iron mainly taking ferrite as the matrix. Meanwhile, because alloy elements such as Ti and the like are not added in the vermicular cast iron, hard particles of Ti alloy which is difficult to machine are not contained in a matrix, so that the vermicular cast iron has good machining machinability, and the machining machinability is better than that of HT300 alloy gray cast iron.
The piston for the compressor pump body according to the embodiment of the invention is made of the vermicular cast iron with the components, and the vermicular cast iron has better performance due to the components, such as tensile strength of not less than 320 MPa; the elastic modulus is not less than 145 GPa; the hardness reaches HRC 43-53. A piston made from a vermicular cast iron with the above properties will also have good tensile properties, stiffness and good hardness.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention also proposes a method for preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, comprising in particular the following steps:
providing a smelting raw material mixture;
smelting the smelting raw material mixture to obtain mixed molten iron;
adding a vermiculizer into the mixed molten iron for vermicularizing treatment;
pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; and
processing the crude piston product to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body,
wherein,
the smelting feed mixture comprises:
3.2 to 3.8 wt% of C; 2.0 to 3.0 wt% of Si; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Mn; not more than 1.0 wt.% Cu; not more than 0.3 wt.% of P; not more than 0.06 wt% S; and the balance iron.
The piston with the vermicular cast iron structure prepared by the method can obviously improve the strength and the elastic modulus of the piston. And expensive alloy materials are not required to be added to improve the deformation resistance and the abrasion resistance, so that the cost can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, by adopting a precoated sand shell-shaped casting process, the size precision of the casting is improved, and the machining allowance is reduced, so that the cost of the piston is reduced.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the vermiculizer used in the vermiculizing treatment can be rare earth zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy, the vermiculizing treatment can be carried out by adding all the vermiculizing agent into the ladle bottom or adding half of the vermiculizing agent into the ladle bottom and adding half of the vermiculizing agent into the ladle bottom along with the flow, and the vermiculizing agent can realize self-boiling without stirring treatment during vermiculizing. The vermiculizer is easy to melt and absorb by the mixed molten iron during vermiculizing treatment, has less scum on the surface of the mixed molten iron, uniform vermiculizing and small chilling tendency of the vermicular iron, does not need inoculation treatment, and further simplifies the process. According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the addition amount of the vermiculizer rare earth zinc magnesium aluminum alloy can be 0.3-0.5 wt% of the mixed molten iron. Thus, the vermicular cast iron piston can be effectively prepared, so that the performance of the piston is further improved.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, after the casting of the crude piston product is finished, the temperature is kept for 7-12 hours, and then the demoulding treatment is carried out. Therefore, the generation of white spots can be effectively avoided, and the quality of the piston is improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, before the processing the crude piston, the method may further include: and carrying out quenching-tempering treatment on the crude piston. Therefore, the hardness of the crude piston product can be further improved, and for example, the hardness of the crude piston product can reach HRC 43-53.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the average mixed molten iron temperature in the smelting process is 1500-1520 ℃, so that genetic factors can be eliminated; meanwhile, the temperature of the mixed molten iron is controlled to 1450-1480 ℃ during pouring, so that the consistency of the vermicular effect and the vermicular rate is ensured. According to the embodiment of the invention, the molten mixed iron has good fluidity in the pouring process, so that the castability is improved, the casting defect rate is reduced, and the shrinkage rate of the obtained crude piston product is also reduced, thereby the quality of the piston with the components is obviously improved.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a compressor comprising the piston for a compressor pump body of the previous embodiment. Therefore, the use of the piston having the above-described excellent performance will further improve the working efficiency of the compressor and the quality of the compressor.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a refrigeration apparatus, which comprises the compressor of the previous embodiment, and according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the refrigeration apparatus having the compressor can be an air conditioner and/or a refrigerator. The compressor has good performance, so that the quality of the refrigeration equipment can be further improved.
Compared with the prior art, the piston for the compressor pump body and the piston prepared by the method for preparing the piston for the compressor pump body in the embodiment of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. good manufacturability: by adopting the technical scheme, compared with HT300 alloy gray iron, the fluidity of the mixed molten iron is improved in the pouring process, the castability is improved, and the casting defective rate is reduced to 2.1% from 4.3%; meanwhile, the shrinkage rate of the casting is reduced from nearly 4% to 1.5%, and the quality is obviously improved; meanwhile, the machining machinability of the vermicular cast iron is better than that of HT300 alloy gray cast iron.
2. The thermal stability of fit clearance has been improved: by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the vermicular cast iron piston is adopted, and when the cylinder and the crankshaft are simultaneously made of vermicular cast iron, the thermal stability of the fit clearance is good when the compressor works because the materials are the same; even when the cylinder adopts HT250 and the crankshaft adopts QT600, the fit clearance is basically not changed during work and assembly selection because the creep iron is close to the linear expansion coefficient of the creep iron. The pump body is formed by the vermicular cast iron piston, the vermicular cast iron cylinder and the HT250 cylinder respectively, the matching height clearance between the cylinder and the piston can be reduced by 3 microns, and the performance of the compressor can be improved by 3-4 points through tests.
3. Increased wear resistance: the vermicular graphite cast iron is vermicular in graphite form, forms a coral-shaped three-dimensional structure in space, is short and thick relative to flake graphite, has good binding property with a matrix, and is more favorable for reducing friction. Under the condition of lubricating wear, lubricating oil is stored in the tiny concave part formed after worm-shaped graphite falls off after the vermicular cast iron matrix is worn, so that the continuity of an oil film can be effectively ensured, and the occurrence of a microcosmic adhesive region is avoided.
4. The material cost is reduced: because of the adoption of the vermicular cast iron, the strength and the elastic modulus of the piston are obviously improved, and expensive alloy materials are not needed to be added to improve the deformation resistance and the abrasion resistance, so that the cost can be effectively reduced. And due to the adoption of the precoated sand shell-shaped casting process, the size precision of the casting is improved, the machining allowance is reduced, and the cost of the piston is reduced.
Example 1
Preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, and selecting and matching smelting raw materials: 1.8Kg of C; 1.3Kg of Si; 0.3Kg of Mn; 0.25Kg of Cu and 47Kg of iron, containing 0.05% by weight of P and 0.03% by weight of S. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1500-1520 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; adding 0.25Kg of rare earth zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy into the mixed molten iron for vermicular treatment; pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; the content ratio of pearlite in the obtained crude piston product to ferrite is (40-60): (60-40). The crude piston is further subjected to rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Example 2
Preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, and selecting and matching smelting raw materials: 1.6Kg of C, 1.0Kg of Si; 0.2g of Mn; 0.5Kg of Cu and 47Kg of iron containing 0.3 weight% of P and 0.01 weight% of S. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1500-1520 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; adding 0.15Kg of rare earth zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy into the mixed molten iron for vermicular treatment; pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; the content of pearlite in the obtained crude piston product is 80-85%. The crude piston is further subjected to rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Example 3 preparation of a piston for a compressor pump, selection of smelting raw materials: 1.9Kg of C, 1.5Kg of Si; 0.5Kg of Mn; 0.5Kg of Cu and 47Kg of iron containing 0.3 weight% of P and 0.06 weight% of S. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1500-1520 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; adding 0.2Kg of rare earth zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy into the mixed molten iron for vermicular treatment; pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; the content of ferrite in the obtained crude piston product is 60-65%. The crude piston is further subjected to rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Example 4
Preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, and selecting and matching smelting raw materials: 1.8Kg of C, 1.3Kg of Si; 0.3Kg of Mn; 0.25Kg of Cu, 0.3Kg of Cr; 0.1Kg of Mo, 0.1Kg of Ni and 47Kg of iron, containing 0.3 weight% of P and 0.06 weight% of S. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1500-1520 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; adding 0.2Kg of rare earth zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy into the mixed molten iron for vermicular treatment; and pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to the vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product. The crude piston is further subjected to rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Example 5
Preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, and selecting and matching smelting raw materials: 1.8Kg of C; 1.3Kg of Si; 0.2Kg of Mn; and 47Kg of iron containing 0.05% by weight of P and 0.03% by weight of S. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1500-1520 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; adding 0.2Kg of rare earth zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy into the mixed molten iron for vermicular treatment; pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; and (3) carrying out rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining on the piston crude product so as to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, and selecting and matching smelting raw materials: 1.6Kg of C, 1.0Kg of Si; 0.35Kg of Mn; 0.5Kg of Cu and 47Kg of iron, containing P not higher than 0.3% by weight and S not higher than 0.15% by weight. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1520-1550 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; 0.13Kg of inoculant is added into the mixed molten iron for inoculation, and then the mixed molten iron is poured to obtain a crude piston product; and (3) carrying out rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining on the piston crude product so as to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Comparative example 2
Preparing a piston for a compressor pump body, and selecting and matching smelting raw materials: 1.6Kg of C, 1.0Kg of Si; 0.35Kg of Mn; 0.15Kg of Ni; 0.38Kg of Cr; 0.15Kg of Mo; and 47Kg of iron containing P not more than 0.3% by weight and S not more than 0.15% by weight. After uniformly mixing, heating the mixture in an induction furnace to 1560-1580 ℃ for melting to obtain mixed molten iron; 0.35Kg of inoculant is added into the mixed molten iron for inoculation, and then the mixed molten iron is poured to obtain a crude piston product; and (3) carrying out rough machining, heat treatment (quenching-tempering treatment) and finish machining on the piston crude product so as to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body.
Evaluation of Performance
1. The performance of the pistons prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 described above was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
And (3) hardness measurement: hardness measurement according to JIS Z2245
And (3) measuring the elastic modulus: suspension resonance method
And (3) abrasion determination: the abrasion loss was measured by aligning the standard ring manufactured by the method of example or comparative example with the nitrided slide plate manufactured from stainless steel material on an MM-W1A vertical universal friction abrasion tester.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the vermicular cast iron pistons prepared in examples 1-5 have a higher modulus of elasticity and significantly lower wear performance than the pistons prepared in comparative examples 1-2. Moreover, the cost of the vermicular cast iron pistons prepared in examples 1-5 is comparable to or even lower than that of the ordinary gray iron pistons prepared in comparative examples 1-2. As can be seen from the comparison, the vermicular cast iron pistons prepared in examples 1-5 have significantly better performance and lower cost than the pistons prepared in comparative examples 1-2.
2. The pistons prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were applied to compressors, respectively.
After 500 hours of wear testing after the compressor monomer is durable, the wear of the tips of the vermicular cast iron pistons and sliding vanes prepared in examples 1-3 is small, basically unobvious and slightly lower than that of comparative example 2, while the tips of the pistons and sliding vanes prepared in comparative example 1 are severely worn. The piston in the embodiment 1, a vermicular cast iron cylinder and an HT250 cylinder form a pump body to be installed, the matching height clearance between the cylinder and the piston can be reduced by 3 microns, and the performance can be improved by 3-4 points through tests compared with that of a compressor assembled in a comparative example 2.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A piston for a compressor pump body, characterized in that it is made of vermicular cast iron comprising:
3.2 to 3.8 wt% of C; 2.0 to 3.0 wt% of Si; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Mn; not more than 1.0 wt.% Cu; not more than 0.3 wt.% of P; not more than 0.06 wt% S; and the balance iron.
2. The piston for a compressor pump body according to claim 1, wherein said vermicular cast iron further comprises: 0.5 to 1.0 wt% of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of Ni and not more than 0.5 wt% of Mo.
3. The piston for a compressor pump body according to claim 1, wherein the vermicular cast iron has a vermicular rate of 40-90%.
4. The piston for a compressor pump body according to claim 1, wherein the tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron is not less than 320 MPa.
5. The piston for a pump body of a compressor according to claim 1, wherein the modulus of elasticity of the vermicular cast iron is not less than 145 GPa.
6. A method of making a piston for a compressor pump body, comprising:
providing a smelting raw material mixture;
smelting the smelting raw material mixture to obtain mixed molten iron;
adding a vermiculizer into the mixed molten iron for vermicularizing treatment;
pouring the mixed molten iron subjected to the vermicular treatment to obtain a crude piston product; and
processing the crude piston to obtain the piston for the compressor pump body,
wherein,
the smelting feed mixture comprises:
3.2 to 3.8 wt% of C; 2.0 to 3.0 wt% of Si; 0.5 to 1 wt% of Mn; not more than 1.0 wt.% Cu; not more than 0.3 wt.% of P; not more than 0.06 wt% S; and the balance iron.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the smelting feed mixture further comprises: 0.5 to 1.0 wt% of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of Ni and not more than 0.5 wt% of Mo.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the vermiculizer is a rare earth zinc magnesium aluminum alloy.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the rare earth-zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy is added in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5 wt% based on the molten iron mixture.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein before processing the crude piston, further comprising: and carrying out quenching-tempering treatment on the crude piston.
11. A compressor comprising the piston for a compressor pump body according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the piston for a compressor pump body produced by the method for producing a piston for a compressor pump body according to any one of claims 6 to 10.
12. Refrigeration device, characterized in that it comprises a compressor according to claim 11, said refrigeration device being an air conditioner and/or a refrigerator.
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| CN201410225658.2A CN103993216A (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | Plunger for compressor pump body, production method thereof as well as compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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| CN201410225658.2A CN103993216A (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | Plunger for compressor pump body, production method thereof as well as compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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| CN104404359A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Compression mechanism, preparation method of compression mechanism, compressor and refrigeration device |
| CN104532117A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant soft-seal sluice valve body and preparation method thereof |
| CN104561760A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | High-toughness soft-seal brake valve body and preparing method thereof |
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| CN104561760A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | High-toughness soft-seal brake valve body and preparing method thereof |
| CN105349908A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-02-24 | 无锡市永亿精密铸造有限公司 | Precisely-casted bearing |
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| CN107488810A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-19 | 广东荻赛尔机械铸造股份有限公司 | cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| US20190177821A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | Hyundai Motor Company | High-strength gray cast iron |
| US10975458B2 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-04-13 | Hyundai Motor Company | High-strength gray cast iron |
| CN109371316A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-02-22 | 苏州石川制铁有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of compactedization casting |
| CN110066958A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-30 | 重庆新红旗缸盖制造有限公司 | A kind of chromiumcopper vermicular cast iron production technology |
| CN110066958B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-08-18 | 重庆新红旗缸盖制造有限公司 | Production process of copper-chromium alloy vermicular graphite cast iron |
| CN113355495A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-07 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Conditioning vermicular graphite cast iron, conditioning method of vermicular graphite cast iron and application of conditioning method |
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