CN103956771A - Low voltage ride-through system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种低电压穿越系统，主控系统模块接收双馈异步发电机和与双馈异步发电机相连的变流器的工作状态信息；主控系统模块发送触发命令或结束命令至低电压穿越模块；偏航系统接收由主控系统模块和低电压穿越模块发送的第一控制信号和第二控制信号，并调节双馈异步发电机的工作状态，从而解决了现有技术中电网运行电压过低需要低压穿越，采取切断变流器接入转子侧短路保护时，导致双馈异步发电机的转子超速运行；当电网电压恢复时，切断接入转子侧短路保护电路，在变流器恢复工作的时候，需要调节较长一段时间才能恢复电网正常工作的问题。
The invention provides a low-voltage ride-through system. The main control system module receives the working state information of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator and the converter connected with the doubly-fed asynchronous generator; the main control system module sends a trigger command or an end command to low Voltage ride-through module; the yaw system receives the first control signal and the second control signal sent by the main control system module and the low-voltage ride-through module, and adjusts the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator, thereby solving the problem of power grid operation in the prior art If the voltage is too low, low-voltage ride-through is required. When the converter is connected to the short-circuit protection on the rotor side, the rotor of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator runs at overspeed; When returning to work, it needs to be adjusted for a long period of time to restore the normal operation of the power grid.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及并网发电领域，特别涉及一种低电压穿越系统。The invention relates to the field of grid-connected power generation, in particular to a low-voltage ride-through system.
背景技术Background technique
随着人类社会的发展，能源和环境问题成为人类生存和发展必须要解决的问题；其中，风电和光电是目前人们较为重视的可再生能源，不仅清洁环保，而且取之不尽用之不竭，近年来光伏并网发电系统和风电并网发电系统已经开始逐渐在各地兴起。并网后，风电发电系统和光伏发电系统的稳定性是并网中都必须要解决的难题，发电的随机性和不稳定性可能给电网安全平稳运行带来不利因素，电网运行的波动也会影响风电发电系统和光伏发电系统的安全。例如当电网运行电压过低时，并网运行的风电发电系统或光伏发电系统如果不能很好的实现低压穿越，也会影响电力系统运行的稳定。With the development of human society, energy and environmental issues have become problems that must be solved for human survival and development; Among them, wind power and photovoltaics are currently the renewable energy that people pay more attention to. They are not only clean and environmentally friendly, but also inexhaustible. In recent years, photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems and wind power grid-connected power generation systems have gradually emerged in various places. After grid connection, the stability of wind power generation system and photovoltaic power generation system is a difficult problem that must be solved in grid connection. The randomness and instability of power generation may bring unfavorable factors to the safe and stable operation of the grid, and the fluctuation of grid operation will also Affect the safety of wind power generation system and photovoltaic power generation system. For example, when the operating voltage of the power grid is too low, if the grid-connected wind power generation system or photovoltaic power generation system cannot realize low-voltage ride-through, it will also affect the stability of the power system operation.
现有技术中，针对电网运行时电压过低时实现低压穿越导致电力系统运行不稳定的情况，主要采用转子侧短路保护技术(Crowbar)。如专利CN201010547732.4中，对于电网电压的急剧跌落的现象，导致变流器的转子侧电流增大，直流电压升高；但当变流器的转子侧的电压超过一定值时，IGBT开关就不能承受，为了保护变流器，必须接入转子侧短路保护电路,使变流器失去了对双馈异步发电机的控制；当电网电压恢复时，切断接入转子侧短路保护电路，调整双馈异步发电机恢复正常工作状态。In the prior art, the rotor side short-circuit protection technology (crowbar) is mainly used for the situation that low voltage ride-through is realized when the voltage of the power grid is too low and the operation of the power system is unstable. For example, in the patent CN201010547732.4, the sharp drop of the grid voltage causes the current on the rotor side of the converter to increase, and the DC voltage increases; but when the voltage on the rotor side of the converter exceeds a certain value, the IGBT switch will Unable to bear, in order to protect the converter, it must be connected to the short-circuit protection circuit on the rotor side, so that the converter loses control of the double-fed asynchronous generator; when the grid voltage is restored, cut off the short-circuit protection circuit connected to the rotor side, adjust The fed asynchronous generator returns to normal working condition.
专利CN201110389697.2中，对于电网电压的急剧跌落的现象是通过加电解电容给直流电压供电，进而保证电压的稳定，提高了低电压穿越能力，但是当遇到如短路故障时，仍需要接入转子侧短路保护电路。In patent CN201110389697.2, the phenomenon of sharp drop of grid voltage is to supply DC voltage by adding electrolytic capacitors, thereby ensuring voltage stability and improving low voltage ride-through capability, but when encountering a short-circuit fault, it is still necessary to connect Rotor side short circuit protection circuit.
以上专利虽然实现了并网运行的风电发电系统或光伏发电系统的低压穿越，但是在接入转子侧短路保护电路时，风电发电系统中的双馈异步发电机的转子会超速运行，降低了双馈异步发电机的稳定性。此外，当电网电压恢复时，切断接入转子侧短路保护电路，在变流器恢复工作的时候，需要调节较长一段时间才能恢复电网的正常工作，延迟了电网的正常工作的性能。Although the above patents have realized the low-voltage ride-through of the grid-connected wind power generation system or photovoltaic power generation system, when the short circuit protection circuit on the rotor side is connected, the rotor of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator in the wind power generation system will run at overspeed, reducing the The stability of fed asynchronous generators. In addition, when the grid voltage is restored, the short-circuit protection circuit connected to the rotor side is cut off. When the converter resumes operation, it takes a long time to adjust to restore the normal operation of the grid, which delays the normal operation of the grid.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种低电压穿越系统，以解决在现有技术中电网运行电压过低需要低压穿越，采取切断变流器接入转子侧短路保护时，引起双馈异步发电机的转子超速运行，当电网电压恢复时，切断接入转子侧短路保护电路，在变流器恢复工作的时候，需要调节较长一段时间才能恢复电网正常工作的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage ride-through system to solve the problem of low-voltage ride-through in the prior art when the operating voltage of the power grid is too low and the short-circuit protection of the rotor side is cut off. Overspeed operation, when the grid voltage recovers, cut off the short-circuit protection circuit connected to the rotor side, when the converter resumes work, it needs to be adjusted for a long period of time to restore the normal operation of the grid.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种低电压穿越系统，所述低电压穿越系统包括：双馈异步发电机、变流器、主控系统模块、低电压穿越模块、及偏航系统；In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a low voltage ride through system, which includes: a doubly-fed asynchronous generator, a converter, a main control system module, a low voltage ride through module, and a yaw system;
所述主控系统模块接收所述双馈异步发电机和与所述双馈异步发电机相连的所述变流器的工作状态信息；所述主控系统模块发送触发命令或结束命令至所述低电压穿越模块；所述偏航系统接收由所述主控系统模块和所述低电压穿越模块发送的第一控制信号和第二控制信号，并调节所述双馈异步发电机的工作状态。The main control system module receives the working status information of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator and the converter connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator; the main control system module sends a trigger command or an end command to the Low voltage ride through module; the yaw system receives the first control signal and the second control signal sent by the main control system module and the low voltage ride through module, and adjusts the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述双馈异步发电机包括定子和绕所述定子旋转的转子。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the doubly-fed asynchronous generator includes a stator and a rotor rotating around the stator.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述双馈异步发电机的工作状态包括超同步发电状态和同步发电状态。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator includes a super-synchronous power generation state and a synchronous power generation state.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述超同步发电状态时n>n1；其中，n为所述双馈异步发电机的所述转子的转速，n1为所述双馈异步发电机的旋转磁场的转速。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, n>n1 in the supersynchronous power generation state; wherein, n is the rotational speed of the rotor of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator, and n1 is the doubly-fed asynchronous The rotational speed of the generator's rotating magnetic field.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述同步发电状态时n＝n1；其中，n为所述双馈异步发电机的所述转子的转速，n1为所述双馈异步发电机的旋转磁场的转速。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, n=n1 in the synchronous power generation state; wherein, n is the rotational speed of the rotor of the double-fed asynchronous generator, and n1 is the double-fed asynchronous power generation The speed of the rotating magnetic field of the machine.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述变流器的工作状态包括正常状态和异常状态。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the working state of the converter includes a normal state and an abnormal state.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述变流器的工作状态由所述变流器的直流电压阈值限定，当所述变流器的工作直流电压大于所述变流器的直流电压阈值时，所述变流器的工作状态为异常状态；当所述变流器的工作直流电压小于等于所述变流器的直流电压阈值时，所述变流器的工作状态为正常状态。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the working state of the converter is limited by the DC voltage threshold of the converter, when the working DC voltage of the converter is greater than the When the DC voltage threshold of the converter is abnormal, the working state of the converter is abnormal; when the working DC voltage of the converter is less than or equal to the DC voltage threshold of the converter, the working status of the converter is normal status.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，还包括与所述双馈异步发电机相连的电网。Optionally, the low voltage ride through system further includes a grid connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，还包括与所述变流器相连的Crowbar模块。Optionally, the low voltage ride through system further includes a Crowbar module connected to the converter.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述变流器包括转子侧变流器和电网侧变流器；所述转子侧变流器分别与所述双馈异步发电机和所述Crowbar模块相连；所述电网侧变流器分别与所述双馈异步发电机和所述电网相连。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the converter includes a rotor-side converter and a grid-side converter; the rotor-side converter is connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator and the The Crowbar module is connected; the grid-side converter is respectively connected with the doubly-fed asynchronous generator and the grid.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述主控系统模块包括：状态检测模块、及与所述状态检测模块相连的控制模块。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the main control system module includes: a state detection module, and a control module connected to the state detection module.
可选的，在所述的低电压穿越系统中，所述低电压穿越模块包括：状态接收模块、及与所述状态接收模块相连的偏航参数控制模块。Optionally, in the low voltage ride through system, the low voltage ride through module includes: a status receiving module, and a yaw parameter control module connected to the status receiving module.
在本发明所提供的低电压穿越系统中，由所述主控系统模块接收所述双馈异步发电机和与所述双馈异步发电机相连的所述变流器的工作状态信息；所述主控系统模块发送触发命令或结束命令至所述低电压穿越模块；所述偏航系统接收由所述主控系统模块和所述低电压穿越模块发送的第一控制信号和第二控制信号，并调节所述双馈异步发电机的工作状态，从而解决了现有技术中电网运行电压过低需要低压穿越，采取切断变流器接入转子侧短路保护时，导致双馈异步发电机的转子超速运行；当电网电压恢复时，切断接入转子侧短路保护电路，在变流器恢复工作的时候，需要调节较长一段时间才能恢复电网正常工作的问题。In the low voltage ride through system provided by the present invention, the main control system module receives the working state information of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator and the converter connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator; the The main control system module sends a trigger command or an end command to the low voltage ride through module; the yaw system receives the first control signal and the second control signal sent by the main control system module and the low voltage ride through module, And adjust the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator, thereby solving the need for low-voltage ride-through when the operating voltage of the power grid is too low in the prior art, and when the converter is connected to the rotor side for short-circuit protection, the rotor Overspeed operation; when the grid voltage is restored, the short-circuit protection circuit connected to the rotor side is cut off, and when the converter resumes work, it needs to be adjusted for a long period of time to restore the normal operation of the grid.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一实施例中低电压穿越系统的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the low voltage ride through system in an embodiment of the present invention.
其中，图1中：Among them, in Figure 1:
双馈异步发电机-100；变流器-200；主控系统模块-300；状态检测模块-301；控制模块-302；低电压穿越模块-400；状态接收模块-401；偏航参数控制模块-402；偏航系统-500；Crowbar模块-600。Doubly-fed asynchronous generator-100; converter-200; main control system module-300; state detection module-301; control module-302; low voltage ride-through module-400; state receiving module-401; yaw parameter control module -402; Yaw system -500; Crowbar module -600.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提出的低电压穿越系统作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。The low voltage ride through system proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that all the drawings are in a very simplified form and use imprecise scales, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.
请参考图1，其为本发明一实施例中低电压穿越系统的流程图。如图1所示，所述的低电压穿越系统，包括：双馈异步发电机100、变流器200、主控系统模块300、低电压穿越模块400、及偏航系统500；所述主控系统模块300接收所述双馈异步发电机100和与所述双馈异步发电机100相连的所述变流器200的工作状态信息；所述主控系统模块300发送触发命令或结束命令至所述低电压穿越模块400；所述偏航系统500接收由所述主控系统模块300和所述低电压穿越模块400发送的第一控制信号和第二控制信号，并调节所述双馈异步发电机100的工作状态。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flow chart of the low voltage ride through system in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the low voltage ride through system includes: a double-fed asynchronous generator 100, a converter 200, a main control system module 300, a low voltage ride through module 400, and a yaw system 500; The system module 300 receives the working status information of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 and the converter 200 connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100; the main control system module 300 sends a trigger command or an end command to the The low voltage ride through module 400; the yaw system 500 receives the first control signal and the second control signal sent by the main control system module 300 and the low voltage ride through module 400, and adjusts the double-fed asynchronous power generation The working status of the machine 100.
进一步地，所述低电压穿越系统还包括与所述双馈异步发电机100相连的电网(图1中未标示)、及与所述变流器200相连的Crowbar模块600。Further, the low voltage ride through system further includes a power grid (not shown in FIG. 1 ) connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 , and a Crowbar module 600 connected to the converter 200 .
进一步地，所述双馈异步发电机100包括定子和绕所述定子旋转的转子(图1中未标示)。具体的，所述定子通过定子绕组直接与所述电网相连；所述转子通过转子绕组经变流器200与所述电网连接；其中，所述定子绕组负责产生感应电动势和电流，所述转子绕组负责产生磁场，在定子、转子和空气气隙中产生沿定子旋转的磁场，即为旋转磁场。Further, the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 includes a stator and a rotor (not marked in FIG. 1 ) rotating around the stator. Specifically, the stator is directly connected to the grid through the stator winding; the rotor is connected to the grid through the converter 200 through the rotor winding; wherein, the stator winding is responsible for generating induced electromotive force and current, and the rotor winding Responsible for generating a magnetic field, a magnetic field rotating along the stator is generated in the stator, rotor and air gap, which is the rotating magnetic field.
进一步地，所述变流器200包括转子侧变流器和电网侧变流器；所述转子侧变流器分别与所述双馈异步发电机100和所述Crowbar模块600相连；所述电网侧变流器分布与所述双馈异步发电机100和所述电网相连。Further, the converter 200 includes a rotor-side converter and a grid-side converter; the rotor-side converter is connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 and the crowbar module 600 respectively; the grid The side converters are distributed and connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 and the power grid.
在本实施例中，所述双馈异步发电机100的工作状态包括超同步发电状态和同步发电状态；所述超同步发电状态时n>n1；所述同步发电状态时n＝n1；其中，n为所述双馈异步发电机100的所述转子的转速，n1为所述双馈异步发电机100的旋转磁场的转速。In this embodiment, the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 includes a supersynchronous power generation state and a synchronous power generation state; in the supersynchronous power generation state, n>n1; in the synchronous power generation state, n=n1; wherein, n is the rotational speed of the rotor of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 , and n1 is the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 .
进一步地，所述低电压穿越模块400包括：状态接收模块401、及与所述状态接收模块401相连的偏航参数控制模块402。Further, the low voltage ride through module 400 includes: a state receiving module 401 , and a yaw parameter control module 402 connected to the state receiving module 401 .
进一步地，所述主控系统模块300包括：状态检测模块301、及与所述状态检测模块301相连的控制模块302。Further, the main control system module 300 includes: a state detection module 301 and a control module 302 connected to the state detection module 301 .
进一步地，所述变流器200的工作状态包括正常状态和异常状态。具体的，所述变流器200的工作状态由所述变流器200的直流电压阈值限定，当所述变流器200的工作直流电压大于所述变流器200的直流电压阈值时，所述变流器200的工作状态为异常状态；当所述变流器200的工作直流电压小于等于所述变流器200的直流电压阈值时，所述变流器200的工作状态为正常状态。Further, the working state of the converter 200 includes a normal state and an abnormal state. Specifically, the working state of the converter 200 is limited by the DC voltage threshold of the converter 200. When the working DC voltage of the converter 200 is greater than the DC voltage threshold of the converter 200, the The working state of the converter 200 is abnormal; when the working DC voltage of the converter 200 is less than or equal to the DC voltage threshold of the converter 200, the working status of the converter 200 is normal.
请继续参考图1，具体的，若双馈异步发电机100的工作状态为超同步发电状态，且所述变流器200的直流电压上升超过变流器200的直流电压阈值时(即所述变流器的工作状态为异常状态时)，所述Crowbar模块600开始工作，即运行所述Crowbar模块600对所述变流器200进行保护，同时通过控制所述主控系统模块300给所述低电压穿越模块400中的状态接收模块401发送触发命令，同时向控制模块302发送结束命令，使得主控系统模块300中的控制模块302不发送第一控制信号给偏航系统500；而状态接收模块401与偏航参数控制模块402建立连接，由偏航参数控制模块402发送第二控制信号至偏航系统500建立通信，根据偏航参数控制模块402与偏航系统500之间交互通信，对偏航系统500的参数进行调节即调节双馈异步发电机100的风轮角度变化，进而改变风轮的转动速度，使得双馈异步发电机100的转子的转速不超速，提高了双馈异步发电机100的工作稳定性。Please continue to refer to FIG. 1. Specifically, if the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 is a supersynchronous power generation state, and the DC voltage of the converter 200 rises above the DC voltage threshold of the converter 200 (that is, the When the working state of the converter is abnormal), the crowbar module 600 starts to work, that is, the crowbar module 600 is operated to protect the converter 200, and at the same time, the main control system module 300 is used to control the The state receiving module 401 in the low voltage ride through module 400 sends a trigger command, and at the same time sends an end command to the control module 302, so that the control module 302 in the main control system module 300 does not send the first control signal to the yaw system 500; and the state receiving The module 401 establishes a connection with the yaw parameter control module 402, and the yaw parameter control module 402 sends a second control signal to the yaw system 500 to establish communication. According to the interactive communication between the yaw parameter control module 402 and the yaw system 500, the Adjusting the parameters of the yaw system 500 is to adjust the angle change of the wind rotor of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100, and then change the rotation speed of the wind rotor, so that the speed of the rotor of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 does not exceed the speed, which improves the speed of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator. The working stability of machine 100.
在本发明的实施例中，偏航系统500循环反馈的信息至双馈异步发电机100，对双馈异步发电机100的工作状态反复进行判断，当所述双馈异步发电机100的工作状态为同步发电状态时，此时Crowbar模块600不工作，通过控制所述主控系统模块300给所述低电压穿越模块400中的状态接收模块401发送结束命令，同时向控制模块302发送触发命令，使得主控系统模块300中的控制模块302发送第一控制信号给偏航系统500建立通信；而偏航参数控制模块402不用发送第二控制信号至偏航系统500。进而使得双馈异步发电机100快速平稳的进入正常的工作状态，无需经过较长时间的调整恢复，缩短了调节时间，提高了工作性能。In the embodiment of the present invention, the yaw system 500 circulates the information fed back to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100, and repeatedly judges the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100. When the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 In the state of synchronous power generation, the Crowbar module 600 does not work at this time, by controlling the main control system module 300 to send an end command to the state receiving module 401 in the low voltage ride through module 400, and at the same time send a trigger command to the control module 302, The control module 302 in the main control system module 300 sends the first control signal to the yaw system 500 to establish communication; and the yaw parameter control module 402 does not send the second control signal to the yaw system 500 . Furthermore, the doubly-fed asynchronous generator 100 enters into a normal working state quickly and stably without a long period of adjustment and recovery, which shortens the adjustment time and improves the working performance.
综上，在本发明所提供的低电压穿越系统中，由所述主控系统模块接收所述双馈异步发电机和与所述双馈异步发电机相连的所述变流器的工作状态信息；所述主控系统模块发送触发命令或结束命令至所述低电压穿越模块；所述偏航系统接收由所述主控系统模块和所述低电压穿越模块发送的第一控制信号和第二控制信号，并调节所述双馈异步发电机的工作状态，从而解决了现有技术中电网运行电压过低需要低压穿越，采取切断变流器接入转子侧短路保护时，导致双馈异步发电机的转子超速运行；当电网电压恢复时，切断接入转子侧短路保护电路，在变流器恢复工作的时候，需要调节较长一段时间才能恢复电网正常工作的问题。To sum up, in the low voltage ride through system provided by the present invention, the main control system module receives the working state information of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator and the converter connected to the doubly-fed asynchronous generator ; The main control system module sends a trigger command or an end command to the low voltage ride through module; the yaw system receives the first control signal and the second control signal sent by the main control system module and the low voltage ride through module control signal, and adjust the working state of the doubly-fed asynchronous generator, thereby solving the need for low-voltage ride-through when the operating voltage of the power grid is too low in the prior art, and when the short-circuit protection of the rotor side is cut off, the doubly-fed asynchronous power generation is caused The rotor of the inverter runs at overspeed; when the grid voltage recovers, the short-circuit protection circuit connected to the rotor side is cut off. When the converter resumes work, it needs to be adjusted for a long period of time to restore the normal operation of the grid.
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述，并非对本发明范围的任何限定，本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosures shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.
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