CN103944397A - Boost type isolated DC/DC converter and its control method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及可再生发电系统中的电力电子变换器技术领域，特别涉及一种Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器及其控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of power electronic converters in renewable power generation systems, in particular to a Boost type isolated DC/DC converter and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着经济的发展，环境污染问题和能源紧缺问题日益严重。可再生能源的开发利用是解决这个问题的有效方法之一。可再生能源发电主要有风力、光伏、水利、燃料电池等，但是，受气候条件的影响，可再生能源具有输出电压范围宽的特点。因此，为了能有效的利用新能源，需要一种能在宽输入电压范围内高效工作的DC/DC变换器。With the development of the economy, the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage are becoming more and more serious. The development and utilization of renewable energy is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. Renewable energy power generation mainly includes wind power, photovoltaics, water conservancy, fuel cells, etc. However, affected by climate conditions, renewable energy has the characteristics of a wide output voltage range. Therefore, in order to effectively utilize new energy sources, a DC/DC converter capable of operating efficiently within a wide input voltage range is required.
传统的定频控制全桥变换器，虽然控制简单且能实现零电压开关，但输入电压范围宽时需要的滤波电感大，功率密度小；另一方面占空比变化范围大，尤其在高压输入时效率比较低。为了适应宽输入的特点，又有一系列的变换器拓扑及其衍生结构相继被提出。这其中多是基于辅助绕组和多电平的思想。但是这两种方法均需增加额外的辅助元件或开关管，提高了成本，控制复杂并且会产生额外的能量损耗。有些学者还提出了两级变换器级级联形式的拓扑，这种变换器前级一般用Buck或Boost变换器，通过调节前级变换器的占空比使母线电压保持稳定。但是增加的前级变换器不仅增大了整体变换器的体积，Buck或Boost变换器中的开关管是硬开关，损耗也比较大。Although the traditional fixed-frequency control full-bridge converter is simple to control and can realize zero-voltage switching, it requires a large filter inductance and low power density when the input voltage range is wide; The time efficiency is relatively low. In order to adapt to the characteristics of wide input, a series of converter topologies and their derived structures have been proposed one after another. Most of them are based on the idea of auxiliary winding and multilevel. However, these two methods need to add additional auxiliary components or switching tubes, which increase the cost, complicate the control and generate additional energy loss. Some scholars have also proposed a topology in the form of cascaded two-stage converters. Buck or Boost converters are generally used in the pre-stage of this converter, and the bus voltage is kept stable by adjusting the duty cycle of the pre-stage converter. However, the added pre-stage converter not only increases the volume of the whole converter, but also the switching tube in the Buck or Boost converter is a hard switch, and the loss is relatively large.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器及其控制方法，能够保证在宽范围的电压输入下实现高效的功率变换。In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a Boost type isolated DC/DC converter and its control method, which can ensure efficient power conversion under a wide range of voltage input.
为实现上述目的，本发明的目的之一是通过以下技术方案实现的。In order to achieve the above object, one of the objects of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
一种Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器，它是由输入直流电压源Vin、母线电容Cbus、第一电感L1、第二电感L2、第一开关管S1、第二开关管S2、第三开关管S3、第四开关管S4、二端口无源网络N、第一输出整流二极管Do1、第二输出整流二极管Do2、输出电容Co、输出电阻Ro和理想变压器T组成；A Boost isolated DC/DC converter, which is composed of an input DC voltage source V in , a bus capacitor C bus , a first inductor L 1 , a second inductor L 2 , a first switching tube S 1 , and a second switching tube S 2. The third switching tube S 3 , the fourth switching tube S 4 , the two-port passive network N, the first output rectifying diode D o1 , the second output rectifying diode D o2 , the output capacitor C o , the output resistor R o and the ideal The transformer T is composed of;
所述理想变压器T包括第一绕组N1、第二绕组N2和第三绕组N3；The ideal transformer T includes a first winding N 1 , a second winding N 2 and a third winding N 3 ;
所述二端口无源网络N有四个端子，分别为端子a、端子b、端子c和端子d，端子a与端子b在同一侧，端子c和端子d在另一侧；The two-port passive network N has four terminals, which are terminal a, terminal b, terminal c and terminal d respectively, terminal a and terminal b are on the same side, and terminal c and terminal d are on the other side;
所述的输入直流电压源Vin的正极分别与第一电感L1的一端和第二电感L2的一端相连，输入直流电压源Vin的负极分别与第二开关管S2的源极、第四开关管S4的源极以及母线电容Cbus的负极相连；第一电感L1的另一端分别与第一开关管S1的源极和第二开关管S2的漏极相连，第二电感L2的另一端分别与第三开关管S3的源极和第四开关管S4的漏极相连；第一开关管S1的漏极分别与第三开关管S3的漏极、母线电容Cbus的正极相连；The anode of the input DC voltage source V in is respectively connected to one end of the first inductance L1 and one end of the second inductance L2 , and the cathode of the input DC voltage source V in is respectively connected to the source of the second switching tube S2 , The source of the fourth switching tube S4 is connected to the negative pole of the bus capacitor C bus ; the other end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the source of the first switching tube S1 and the drain of the second switching tube S2 . The other end of the second inductor L2 is respectively connected to the source of the third switching tube S3 and the drain of the fourth switching tube S4 ; the drain of the first switching tube S1 is respectively connected to the drain of the third switching tube S3 , The positive pole of the bus capacitor C bus is connected;
所述二端口无源网络N的端子a与第一开关管S1的源极、第二开关管S2的漏极相连，端子b与第三开关管S3的源极、第四开关管S4的漏极相连，端子c与所述理想变压器T第一绕组N1的同名端相连，端子d与所述理想变压器T第一绕组N1的非同名端相连；The terminal a of the two-port passive network N is connected to the source of the first switching tube S1 and the drain of the second switching tube S2 , and the terminal b is connected to the source of the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube The drain of S4 is connected, the terminal c is connected with the same-named end of the first winding N1 of the ideal transformer T, and the terminal d is connected with the non-identical end of the first winding N1 of the ideal transformer T;
第一输出整流二极管Do1与第二输出整流二极管Do2共阴极连接，第一输出整流二极管Do1的阳极连接到所述理想变压器T第二绕组N2的同名端，第二输出整流二极管Do2的阳极连接到所述理想变压器T第三绕组N3的非同名端；输出电容Co与输出电阻Ro并联，它们的正极连接到第一输出整流二极管Do1的阴极，它们的负极分别与所述理想变压器T第二绕组N2的非同名端和第三绕组N3的同名端相连。The first output rectifier diode D o1 is connected to the common cathode of the second output rectifier diode D o2 , and the anode of the first output rectifier diode D o1 is connected to the terminal of the same name of the second winding N2 of the ideal transformer T, and the second output rectifier diode D The anode of o2 is connected to the non-identical terminal of the third winding N3 of the ideal transformer T; the output capacitor C o is connected in parallel with the output resistor R o , their anodes are connected to the cathode of the first output rectifier diode D o1 , and their cathodes are respectively It is connected with the non-identical terminal of the second winding N2 of the ideal transformer T and the homonymous terminal of the third winding N3 .
在本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器中，所述的二端口无源网络N可以是移相电感L网络；所述的移相电感L网络包含移相电感L，移相电感L的一端与端子a相连，另一端与端子c相连，端子b与端子d直接相连。In the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention, the two-port passive network N can be a phase-shifting inductor L network; the phase-shifting inductor L network includes a phase-shifting inductor L, one end of the phase-shifting inductor L It is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c, and terminal b is directly connected to terminal d.
在本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器中，所述的二端口无源网络N还可以是LC串联谐振网络；所述的LC串联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr和串联谐振电容Cr，谐振电感Lr的一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c，串联谐振电容Cr的一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d。In the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention, the two-port passive network N can also be an LC series resonant network; the LC series resonant network includes a resonant inductance L r and a series resonant capacitor C r , and the resonant One end of the inductance L r is connected to the terminal a, the other end is connected to the terminal c, one end of the series resonant capacitor C r is connected to the terminal b, and the other end is connected to the terminal d.
在本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器中，所述的的二端口无源网络N还可以是LC并联谐振网络；所述的LC并联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr和并联谐振电容Cp，谐振电感Lr的一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c，并联谐振电容Cp的一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d。In the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention, the two-port passive network N can also be an LC parallel resonant network; the LC parallel resonant network includes a resonant inductance L r and a parallel resonant capacitor C p , One end of the resonant inductor L r is connected to the terminal a, the other end is connected to the terminal c, one end of the parallel resonant capacitor C p is connected to the terminal b, and the other end is connected to the terminal d.
在本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器中，所述的的二端口无源网络N还可以是LCC串并联谐振网络；所述的LCC串并联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr、串联谐振电容Cr和并联谐振电容Cp，谐振电感Lr一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c；串联谐振电容Cr一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d；并联谐振电容Cp一端连接端子c，另一端连接端子d。In the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention, the two-port passive network N can also be an LCC series-parallel resonant network; the LCC series-parallel resonant network includes a resonant inductance L r and a series resonant capacitor C r and parallel resonant capacitor C p , one end of resonant inductance L r is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c; one end of series resonant capacitor C r is connected to terminal b, the other end is connected to terminal d; one end of parallel resonant capacitor C p is connected to terminal c, and the other end is connected to terminal c. Connect one end to terminal d.
在本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器中，所述的的二端口无源网络N还可以是LLC串联谐振网络；所述的LLC串联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr、串联谐振电容Cr和励磁电感Lm，谐振电感Lr一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c；串联谐振电容Cr一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d；励磁电感Lm一端连接端子c，另一端连接端子d。In the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention, the two-port passive network N can also be an LLC series resonant network; the LLC series resonant network includes a resonant inductance L r , a series resonant capacitor C r and Excitation inductance L m , one end of resonant inductance L r is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c; one end of series resonant capacitor C r is connected to terminal b, the other end is connected to terminal d; one end of excitation inductance L m is connected to terminal c, and the other end is connected to terminal d .
本发明的另一目的是提供一种所述的Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的控制方法：该方法内容如下：采用定频PWM的控制，变换器的工作频率fs始终等于谐振频率fr；两个Boost电路采用交错并联的控制方式，第一开关管S1与第三开关管S3占空比均为D，其相位差180°；第二开关管S2与第四开关管S4的占空比均为1-D，相位也差180°；当占空比D≤0.5时，谐振槽电压Vtank的占空比为D；当D>0.5时，谐振槽电压Vtank的占空比为1-D；输入电压Vin在比较宽的范围内变化时，通过调节第一开关管S1与第三开关管S3的占空比D，改变变换器整体增益。Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for said Boost type isolated DC/DC converter: the content of the method is as follows: using constant frequency PWM control, the operating frequency f s of the converter is always equal to the resonant frequency f r ; The two Boost circuits adopt an interleaved parallel control mode, the duty cycle of the first switching tube S 1 and the third switching tube S 3 are both D, and the phase difference is 180°; the second switching tube S 2 and the fourth switching tube S The duty cycle of 4 is 1-D, and the phase difference is 180°; when the duty cycle D≤0.5, the duty cycle of the resonant tank voltage V tank is D; when D>0.5, the resonant tank voltage V tank is The duty cycle is 1-D; when the input voltage V in changes within a relatively wide range, the overall gain of the converter is changed by adjusting the duty cycle D of the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 .
由于采用上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器及其控制方法具有以下有益效果：Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter and its control method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
1本发明在比较小的占空比调节范围内，就可实现宽的电压增益范围，输入电压范围宽；1 The present invention can realize a wide voltage gain range and a wide input voltage range within a relatively small duty cycle adjustment range;
2两个Boost电感交错并联，显著降低了输入电流的纹波和滤波电容值。这种电流型且输入纹波小的DC/DC变换器尤其适合与光伏、燃料电池等可再生能源供电系统相连；2 Two Boost inductors are interleaved and connected in parallel, which significantly reduces the ripple of the input current and the value of the filter capacitor. This DC/DC converter with current mode and small input ripple is especially suitable for connecting with renewable energy power supply systems such as photovoltaics and fuel cells;
3采用定频PWM控制，有利于磁性元器件和滤波电路设计；3 Adopt fixed-frequency PWM control, which is beneficial to the design of magnetic components and filter circuits;
4原边所有功率开关管均可以实现ZVS开通，副边的输出整流二极管均可实现ZCS关断，开关损耗小；4. All power switch tubes on the primary side can realize ZVS turn-on, and the output rectifier diodes on the secondary side can realize ZCS turn-off, and the switching loss is small;
5经过Boost变换器后母线电压比较高，在相同功率条件下，降低了原边电流有效值，减小了导通损耗。5 After the Boost converter, the bus voltage is relatively high. Under the same power condition, the effective value of the primary current is reduced, and the conduction loss is reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的电气原理图；Fig. 1 is the electric schematic diagram of Boost type isolation DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图2为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的PWM调制方式图；Fig. 2 is the PWM modulation mode figure of Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图3为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例1电路图；Fig. 3 is the embodiment 1 circuit diagram of Boost type isolation DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图4为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例2电路图；Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of Embodiment 2 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图5为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例3电路图；Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of Embodiment 3 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图6为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例4电路图；Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of Embodiment 4 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图7为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例5电路图；7 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 5 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图8为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例2在占空比D<0.5时的主要工作波形图；Fig. 8 is the main working waveform diagram when the duty ratio D<0.5 of Embodiment 2 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention;
图9为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例2在D<0.5时的各阶段等效电路图。FIG. 9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of each stage when D<0.5 of Embodiment 2 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention.
图中符号含义：Vin是输入直流电压源，Vbus是母线电压，Vtank是谐振槽输入电压，D是第一开关管S1和第三开关管S3的占空比，Ts是开关周期，Cbus是母线电容，L1、L2分别是第一电感和第二电感，N为二端口无源网络，a、b、c、d是二端口无源网络的四个端子，S1～S4是第一至第四开关管，Lr是谐振电感，Cr是串联谐振电容，Cp是并联谐振电容，Lm是励磁电感，IL1、IL2分别是第一电感L1、第二电感L2的电流，ILr是谐振电流，T是理想变压器，N1、N2、N3分别是理想变压器T的第一、第二、第三绕组，Do1、Do2分别是第一输出整流二极管和第二输出整流二极管，IDo1、IDo2分别流过Do1、Do2的电流，Co是输出滤波电容，Ro是输出电阻，Vo为输出电压，t0～t6为时间。Meanings of the symbols in the figure: V in is the input DC voltage source, V bus is the bus voltage, V tank is the input voltage of the resonant tank, D is the duty cycle of the first switching tube S1 and the third switching tube S3 , T s is Switching cycle, C bus is the bus capacitance, L 1 and L 2 are the first inductance and the second inductance respectively, N is the two-port passive network, a, b, c, d are the four terminals of the two-port passive network, S 1 to S 4 are the first to fourth switching tubes, L r is the resonant inductance, C r is the series resonant capacitor, C p is the parallel resonant capacitor, L m is the excitation inductance, I L1 and I L2 are the first inductance L 1 , the current of the second inductor L 2 , I Lr is the resonant current, T is the ideal transformer, N 1 , N 2 , N 3 are the first, second and third windings of the ideal transformer T respectively, D o1 , D o2 are the first output rectifying diode and the second output rectifying diode respectively, I Do1 and I Do2 respectively flow the currents of D o1 and D o2 , C o is the output filter capacitor, R o is the output resistance, V o is the output voltage, t 0 to t 6 are time.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
一种Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器，其电气原理图如图1所示，其由输入直流电压源Vin、母线电容Cbus、第一电感L1、第二电感L2、第一开关管S1、第二开关管S2、第三开关管S3、第四开关管S4、二端口无源网络N、第一输出整流二极管Do1、第二输出整流二极管Do2、输出电容Co、输出电阻Ro和理想变压器T组成；A Boost type isolated DC/DC converter, its electrical schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1, which consists of an input DC voltage source V in , a bus capacitor C bus , a first inductance L 1 , a second inductance L 2 , and a first switch Tube S 1 , second switch tube S 2 , third switch tube S 3 , fourth switch tube S 4 , two-port passive network N, first output rectifier diode D o1 , second output rectifier diode D o2 , output capacitor C o , output resistance R o and ideal transformer T;
所述理想变压器T包括第一绕组N1、第二绕组N2和第三绕组N3；The ideal transformer T includes a first winding N 1 , a second winding N 2 and a third winding N 3 ;
所述二端口无源网络N有四个端子，分别为端子a、端子b、端子c和端子d，端子a与端子b在同一侧，端子c和端子d在另一侧；The two-port passive network N has four terminals, which are terminal a, terminal b, terminal c and terminal d respectively, terminal a and terminal b are on the same side, and terminal c and terminal d are on the other side;
所述的输入直流电压源Vin的正极分别与第一电感L1的一端和第二电感L2的一端相连，输入直流电压源Vin的负极分别与第二开关管S2的源极、第四开关管S4的源极以及母线电容Cbus的负极相连；第一电感L1的另一端分别与第一开关管S1的源极和第二开关管S2的漏极相连，第二电感L2的另一端分别与第三开关管S3的源极和第四开关管S4的漏极相连；第一开关管S1的漏极分别与第三开关管S3的漏极、母线电容Cbus的正极相连；The anode of the input DC voltage source V in is respectively connected to one end of the first inductance L1 and one end of the second inductance L2 , and the cathode of the input DC voltage source V in is respectively connected to the source of the second switching tube S2 , The source of the fourth switching tube S4 is connected to the negative pole of the bus capacitor C bus ; the other end of the first inductor L1 is respectively connected to the source of the first switching tube S1 and the drain of the second switching tube S2 . The other end of the second inductor L2 is respectively connected to the source of the third switching tube S3 and the drain of the fourth switching tube S4 ; the drain of the first switching tube S1 is respectively connected to the drain of the third switching tube S3 , The positive pole of the bus capacitor C bus is connected;
所述二端口无源网络N的端子a与第一开关管S1的源极、第二开关管S2的漏极相连，端子b与第三开关管S3的源极、第四开关管S4的漏极相连，端子c与所述理想变压器T第一绕组N1的同名端相连，端子d与所述理想变压器T第一绕组N1的非同名端相连；The terminal a of the two-port passive network N is connected to the source of the first switching tube S1 and the drain of the second switching tube S2 , and the terminal b is connected to the source of the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube The drain of S4 is connected, the terminal c is connected with the same-named end of the first winding N1 of the ideal transformer T, and the terminal d is connected with the non-identical end of the first winding N1 of the ideal transformer T;
第一输出整流二极管Do1与第二输出整流二极管Do2共阴极连接，第一输出整流二极管Do1的阳极连接到所述理想变压器T第二绕组N2的同名端，第二输出整流二极管Do2的阳极连接到所述理想变压器T第三绕组N3的非同名端；输出电容Co与输出电阻Ro并联，它们的正极连接到第一输出整流二极管Do1的阴极，它们的负极分别与所述理想变压器T第二绕组N2的非同名端和第三绕组N3的同名端相连。The first output rectifier diode D o1 is connected to the common cathode of the second output rectifier diode D o2 , and the anode of the first output rectifier diode D o1 is connected to the terminal of the same name of the second winding N2 of the ideal transformer T, and the second output rectifier diode D The anode of o2 is connected to the non-identical terminal of the third winding N3 of the ideal transformer T; the output capacitor C o is connected in parallel with the output resistor R o , their anodes are connected to the cathode of the first output rectifier diode D o1 , and their cathodes are respectively It is connected with the non-identical terminal of the second winding N2 of the ideal transformer T and the homonymous terminal of the third winding N3 .
本发明所述的Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的控制方法：如图2所示，采用定频PWM的控制，变换器的工作频率fs始终等于谐振频率fr；两个Boost电路采用交错并联的控制方式，第一开关管S1与第三开关管S3占空比均为D，其相位差180°；第二开关管S2与第四开关管S4的占空比均为1-D，相位也差180°；当占空比D≤0.5时，谐振槽电压Vtank的占空比为D，如图2(a)所示；当D>0.5时，谐振槽电压Vtank的占空比为1-D，如图2(b所示；输入电压Vin在比较宽的范围内变化时，通过调节第一开关管S1、第三开关管S3的占空比D，改变变换器整体增益。The control method of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter described in the present invention: as shown in Fig. 2, adopts the control of fixed frequency PWM, the working frequency f s of the converter is always equal to the resonant frequency f r ; two Boost circuits adopt interleaving In the parallel control mode, the duty ratios of the first switching tube S1 and the third switching tube S3 are both D, and their phase difference is 180°; the duty ratios of the second switching tube S2 and the fourth switching tube S4 are both 1-D, the phase difference is also 180°; when the duty ratio D≤0.5, the duty ratio of the resonant tank voltage V tank is D, as shown in Figure 2(a); when D>0.5, the resonant tank voltage V tank The duty cycle of the tank is 1-D, as shown in Figure 2(b; when the input voltage V in changes within a relatively wide range, by adjusting the duty cycle of the first switch S 1 and the third switch S 3 D, Change the overall gain of the converter.
本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例1如图3所示，其包含的二端口无源网络N是移相电感L网络；所述的移相电感L网络包含移相电感L，移相电感L的一端与端子a相连，另一端与端子c相连，端子b与端子d直接相连。Embodiment 1 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention is shown in Figure 3, and the two-port passive network N that it comprises is phase-shifting inductance L network; Described phase-shifting inductance L network comprises phase-shifting inductance L, One end of the phase-shifting inductor L is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c, and terminal b is directly connected to terminal d.
本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例2如图4所示，其包含的二端口无源网络N是LC串联谐振网络；所述的LC串联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr和串联谐振电容Cr，谐振电感Lr的一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c，串联谐振电容Cr的一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d。Embodiment 2 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention is shown in Figure 4, and the two-port passive network N that it comprises is LC series resonant network; Described LC series resonant network comprises resonant inductance L r and series resonant Capacitor C r , one end of resonant inductor L r is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c, one end of series resonant capacitor C r is connected to terminal b, and the other end is connected to terminal d.
本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例3如图5所示，其包含的二端口无源网络N是LC并联谐振网络；所述的LC并联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr和并联谐振电容Cp，谐振电感Lr的一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c，并联谐振电容Cp的一端连接端子c，端子b与端子d直接相连。Embodiment 3 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention is shown in Figure 5, and the two-port passive network N that it comprises is LC parallel resonant network; Described LC parallel resonant network comprises resonant inductance L r and parallel resonant Capacitor C p , one end of resonant inductor L r is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c, one end of parallel resonant capacitor C p is connected to terminal c, and terminal b is directly connected to terminal d.
本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例4如图6所示，其包含的二端口无源网络N是LCC谐振网络；所述的LCC谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr、串联谐振电容Cr和并联谐振电容Cp，谐振电感Lr一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c；串联谐振电容Cr一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d；并联谐振电容Cp一端连接端子c，另一端连接端子d。Embodiment 4 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention is shown in Figure 6, and the two-port passive network N included in it is an LCC resonant network; the LCC resonant network includes a resonant inductor L r and a series resonant capacitor Cr And parallel resonant capacitor C p , one end of resonant inductor L r is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c; one end of series resonant capacitor C r is connected to terminal b, the other end is connected to terminal d; one end of parallel resonant capacitor C p is connected to terminal c, the other end is connected to terminal c Connect terminal d.
本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例5如图7所示，其包含的二端口无源网络N是LLC串联谐振网络；所述的LLC串联谐振网络包括谐振电感Lr、串联谐振电容Cr和励磁电感Lm，谐振电感Lr一端连接端子a，另一端连接端子c；串联谐振电容Cr一端连接端子b，另一端连接端子d；励磁电感Lm一端连接端子c，另一端连接端子d。Embodiment 5 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention is shown in Figure 7, the two-port passive network N included in it is an LLC series resonant network; the LLC series resonant network includes a resonant inductor L r , a series resonant Capacitance C r and excitation inductance L m , one end of resonant inductance L r is connected to terminal a, the other end is connected to terminal c; one end of series resonant capacitor C r is connected to terminal b, the other end is connected to terminal d; one end of excitation inductance L m is connected to terminal c, and the other end is connected to terminal c. Connect one end to terminal d.
下面对本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例2工作原理做进一步的说明。在分析之前，先作如下假设：①所有功率开关管均为理想器件，不考虑开关时间、导通压降等参数；②所有电感和电容均为理想器件，不考虑其寄生参数。The working principle of Embodiment 2 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention will be further described below. Before the analysis, the following assumptions are made: ①All power switch tubes are ideal devices, regardless of parameters such as switching time and on-voltage drop; ②All inductors and capacitors are ideal devices, regardless of their parasitic parameters.
图8为本发明Boost型隔离DC/DC变换器的实施例2在占空比D<0.5时的主要工作波形。在一个开关周期Ts内，变换器共有六种工作模态。FIG. 8 is the main working waveform of Embodiment 2 of the Boost type isolated DC/DC converter of the present invention when the duty ratio D<0.5. In a switching period T s , the converter has six working modes.
1、开关模态I（t0～t1）：1. Switch mode I (t 0 ~ t 1 ):
如图9(a)所示，在t0时刻之前，第四开关管S4已导通，t0时刻，第一开关管S1导通。t0～t1这一时段内，谐振槽电压Vtank等于母线电压Vbus，变压器N1绕组电压受输出电压箝位，谐振电感Lr和谐振电容Cr进行谐振，谐振电流iLr上升，原边向副边传递能量，第一输出整流二极管Do1导通。与此同时，第一电感L1放电、第二电感L2充电，电流iL1线性下降、iL2线性上升。As shown in FIG. 9( a ), before time t 0 , the fourth switch tube S 4 is turned on, and at time t 0 , the first switch tube S 1 is turned on. During the period from t 0 to t 1 , the resonant tank voltage V tank is equal to the bus voltage V bus , the winding voltage of the transformer N 1 is clamped by the output voltage, the resonant inductance L r and the resonant capacitor C r resonate, and the resonant current i Lr rises, The primary side transmits energy to the secondary side, and the first output rectifier diode D o1 is turned on. At the same time, the first inductor L1 is discharged, the second inductor L2 is charged, the current i L1 decreases linearly, and the current i L2 increases linearly.
2、开关模态II(t1～t2)：2. Switch mode II (t 1 ～t 2 ):
如图9(b)所示，t1时刻第二开关管S2ZVS开通。第一输出整流二极管Do1继续导通，但是由于谐振槽电压Vtank=0，输入电压源不提供能量，原边向副边传输的能量完全由Lr、Cr谐振网络提供，所以iLr迅速下降。由于第二开关管S2、第四开关管S4导通，第一电感L1和第二电感L2均充电，电流iL1、iL2线性上升。3、开关模态III（t2～t3）：As shown in FIG. 9( b ), the second switching transistor S 2 ZVS is turned on at time t 1 . The first output rectifier diode D o1 continues to conduct, but because the resonant tank voltage V tank =0, the input voltage source does not provide energy, and the energy transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side is completely provided by the L r and C r resonant network, so i Lr rapid decline. Since the second switching tube S 2 and the fourth switching tube S 4 are turned on, both the first inductor L 1 and the second inductor L 2 are charged, and the currents i L1 and i L2 rise linearly. 3. Switch mode III (t 2 ～t 3 ):
如图9(c)所示，t2时刻，iLr下降到零，第一输出整流二极管Do1实现ZCS关断。此阶段内，Lr、Cr不谐振。第一电感L1和第二电感L2均充电，电流iL1、iL2线性上升。第一输出整流二极管Do1和第二输出整流二极管Do2均处于反向截止状态，原边不再向副边输出能量，由输出电容Co向负载供电。As shown in Figure 9(c), at time t2 , i Lr drops to zero, and the first output rectifier diode D o1 realizes ZCS shutdown. In this stage, L r and C r are out of resonance. Both the first inductor L 1 and the second inductor L 2 are charged, and the currents i L1 and i L2 rise linearly. Both the first output rectifier diode D o1 and the second output rectifier diode D o2 are in the reverse cut-off state, the primary side no longer outputs energy to the secondary side, and the output capacitor C o supplies power to the load.
4、开关模态IV（t3～t4）：4. Switch mode IV (t 3 ～t 4 ):
如图9(d)所示，t3时刻，第三开关管S3导通。t3～t4这一时段内，谐振槽电压Vtank等于负母线电压-Vbus，理想变压器T的第一绕组N1电压受输出电压箝位，谐振电感Lr和谐振电容Cr开始谐振，谐振电流从iLr从0开始下降，原边向副边传递能量，第二输出整流二极管Do2导通。与此同时，第一电感L1继续充电、电流iL1线性上升，第二电感L2开始放电、电流iL2线性下降。As shown in FIG. 9( d ), at time t3 , the third switching transistor S3 is turned on. During the period from t 3 to t 4 , the resonant tank voltage V tank is equal to the negative bus voltage -V bus , the voltage of the first winding N 1 of the ideal transformer T is clamped by the output voltage, and the resonant inductance L r and resonant capacitor C r start to resonate , the resonant current drops from i Lr from 0, the primary side transfers energy to the secondary side, and the second output rectifier diode D o2 is turned on. At the same time, the first inductor L1 continues to charge, the current i L1 increases linearly, the second inductor L2 starts to discharge, and the current i L2 decreases linearly.
5、开关模态V(t4～t5)：5. Switch mode V (t 4 ～t 5 ):
如图9(e)所示，t4时刻，第四开关管S4ZVS开通。第二输出整流二极管Do2继续导通，但是由于谐振槽电压Vtank=0，输入直流电压源Vin不提供能量，原边向副边传输的能量完全由Lr、Cr谐振网络提供，所以iLr迅速上升。由于第二开关管S2、第四开关管S4导通，第一电感L1和第二电感L2均充电，电流iL1、iL2线性上升。As shown in FIG. 9(e), at time t4 , the fourth switching transistor S4ZVS is turned on. The second output rectifier diode D o2 continues to conduct, but because the resonant tank voltage V tank =0, the input DC voltage source V in does not provide energy, and the energy transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side is completely provided by the L r and C r resonant network. So i Lr rises rapidly. Since the second switching tube S 2 and the fourth switching tube S 4 are turned on, both the first inductor L 1 and the second inductor L 2 are charged, and the currents i L1 and i L2 rise linearly.
6、开关模态VI（t5～t6）：6. Switch mode VI (t 5 ~ t 6 ):
如图9(f)所示，t5时刻，iLr上升到零，第二输出整流二极管Do2实现ZCS关断。此阶段内，谐振电感Lr和谐振电容Cr不进行谐振。第一电感L1和第二电感L2均充电，电流iL1和iL2均线性上升。第一输出整流二极管Do1和第二输出整流二极管Do2均反向截止，原边不再向副边输出能量，由输出电容Co向负载供电。As shown in Fig. 9(f), at time t5 , i Lr rises to zero, and the second output rectifier diode D o2 realizes ZCS shutdown. In this phase, the resonant inductance L r and the resonant capacitor C r do not resonate. Both the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are charged, and the currents i L1 and i L2 both rise linearly. Both the first output rectifier diode D o1 and the second output rectifier diode D o2 are reversely cut off, the primary side no longer outputs energy to the secondary side, and the output capacitor C o supplies power to the load.
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