CN103926588B - A kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system - Google Patents
A kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103926588B CN103926588B CN201410176070.2A CN201410176070A CN103926588B CN 103926588 B CN103926588 B CN 103926588B CN 201410176070 A CN201410176070 A CN 201410176070A CN 103926588 B CN103926588 B CN 103926588B
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- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 title abstract description 37
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 50
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PLAIAIKZKCZEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 6-chloro-2-oxo-3h-1,2$l^{4},3-benzodithiazole-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC2=C1NS(=O)S2 PLAIAIKZKCZEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of rail vehicle based on Φ OTDR location and velocity-measuring system, and it includes Φ OTDR system host and optical cable.Described Φ OTDR system host is connected with optical cable, is used for sending pulsed optical signals and is injected into optical cable, and process the Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable, it is thus achieved that the real-time position information of train operation and velocity information.Present invention have the advantage that one, Φ OTDR whole process passive, and do not disturbed by electromagnetic field, it is ensured that normally work under the adverse circumstances such as thunder and lightning.Two, being full distributed due to Φ OTDR, monitoring distance is up to more than 100km, and spatial resolution can reach meter level, and train command scheduling central straight was connected Φ OTDR system host and obtained real-time position information and the velocity information of train.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to track train velocity measuring technique field, particularly relate to a kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR
Location and velocity-measuring system.
Background technology
In track train traffic insurance system, the real time position of train operation and velocity information are trains
The information that dispatching and command system must accurately be grasped, control centre is according to the real time information grasped, to each road
The ruuning situation of section is controlled, to ensure the safety traffic of train.Current domestic railway is by based on rail
The train automatic controlling system of road circuit (Communication Based Train Control System,
CBTC) real-time speed and the positional information of train operation are obtained.Within the system, utilize the track circuit can
Automatically to detect the position of train, vehicle, the display of control signal machine；Can be by ground by track circuit
Signal passes to locomotive, such that it is able to control train operation.Although track circuit has taken multinomial protection and has arranged
Execute, but at atrocious weathers such as thunders and lightnings, track circuit still exists the possibility of inefficacy, thus causes serious
Vehicle accident.The disadvantage of track circuit be its work be active, under safeguarding adverse conditions,
Major traffic accidents will be caused.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be positioned and velocity-measuring system by a kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR, solve
The problem that certainly background section above is mentioned.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system, it include Φ-OTDR system host and
Optical cable；
Described Φ-OTDR system host is connected with optical cable, is used for sending pulsed optical signals and is injected into optical cable, and
The Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable is processed, it is thus achieved that the real-time position information of train operation and
Velocity information.
Especially, described Φ-OTDR system host includes laser instrument, acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Device, band filter, tunable attenuator, circulator, photodetector and processor；
Described laser instrument is used for launching continuous light, and output is to acousto-optic modulator；Wherein, laser instrument is ultra-narrow line
Wide laser instrument, its live width is less than 3KHz；
Described acousto-optic modulator is for being modulated into pulsed optical signals by described continuous light；Wherein, acousto-optic modulator
For High Extinction Ratio acousto-optic modulator, its extinction ratio is more than 50dB；
Described erbium-doped fiber amplifier is for being amplified described pulsed optical signals；
Described band filter is for being filtered the pulsed optical signals of erbium-doped fiber amplifier output；
Described tunable attenuator is for adjusting the power of the pulsed optical signals received；
Described circulator is for being injected into optical cable by the pulsed optical signals that tunable attenuator exports, and light is at optical cable
Middle generation Rayleigh scattering, and receive the coherent light being reflected back in optical cable, output is to photodetector；
Described photodetector for being converted into the signal of telecommunication by described Rayleigh scattering coherent light, and output is to processor；
Described processor is for carrying out signal processing to the described signal of telecommunication, it is thus achieved that the real time position letter of train operation
Breath and velocity information.
Especially, described processor specifically for: one, according to original Rayleigh scattering curve, each on optical cable
Spatial point has a time dependent signal Xs(t), wherein, XsT () represents on optical cable from train commander's tune
Degree centre distance is the vibration signal of s；Two, the signal X to each spatial pointsT () adds width is TwTime
Window, then does wavelet transformation, threshold deniosing, and the signal of reconstruct is asked equal the signal in each time window
Root, obtains the level of vibration of signal in this time window, and then obtains optical cable diverse location on each time point
Vibration signal be YT(s), wherein YTS () represents the vibration signal of all positions of T moment optical cable；Now position
Cycle is T1=Tp*Tw, wherein T1Represent locating periodically, TpRepresent pulse repetition period, TwExpress time window.
Three, to YTS () is done peakvalue's checking and is obtained suddenling change along position, thus obtain the position of this time point vibration train,
Wherein rising edge will distinguish headstock position and the tailstock position of corresponding train with trailing edge；To in a period of time
Each time point analysis, obtains the position-time relationship of train in this period；Four, the position-time to train
Relation seeks slope, it is thus achieved that to the real-time speed of each time point train operation.
Especially, described Φ-OTDR system host is arranged in the Control Room at train command scheduling center；Institute
State optical cable along track laying, be embedded in the soil immediately below track.
Especially, signal mode fiber cable selected by described optical cable.
Rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location that the present invention provides and velocity-measuring system has the advantage that one,
Φ-OTDR (Phase-sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry, phase sensitive
Type optical time domain reflectometer) omnidistance passive, and do not disturbed by electromagnetic field, it is ensured that severe at thunder and lightning etc.
Normally work under environment.Two, be full distributed due to Φ-OTDR, monitoring distance up to more than 100km,
Spatial resolution can reach meter level, and train command scheduling central straight was connected Φ-OTDR system host and obtained row
The real-time position information of car and velocity information.The present invention not only solves the problem that tests the speed of track train, and
Can provide for train and position information accurately, overcome that anti-interference in prior art is poor, speed data renewal
The defects such as slow and plant maintenance is difficult.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention install knot
Structure schematic diagram；
Φ-OTDR system host the structured flowchart that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The displacement-time curve figure of monitored two trains that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining the present invention, rather than limitation of the invention.Further need exist for explanation
, for the ease of describing, accompanying drawing illustrate only part related to the present invention rather than full content.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, rail vehicle based on the Φ-OTDR location that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention
With velocity-measuring system scheme of installation.
In the present embodiment, rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system specifically include Φ-OTDR system
Main frame 101 and optical cable 102.It is arranged on train command scheduling center at described Φ-OTDR system host 101
In Control Room 103.Signal mode fiber cable selected by described optical cable 102, lays along track 104, is embedded in rail
In soil 105 immediately below road 104, the depth H on distance ground controls at 0.5-1m.
Described Φ-OTDR system host 101 is connected with optical cable 102, is used for sending pulsed optical signals and is injected into
Optical cable 102, and the Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable 102 is processed, it is thus achieved that train operation
Real-time position information and velocity information.
Rayleigh scattering, when there being train to sail monitoring range into, train is there is when light transmits in optical cable 102
The refractive index causing correspondence position optical cable 102 is changed by vibration, and then affects the change of phase place, thus
The amplitude making coherent light changes, the coherent light incoming Φ-OTDR system host 101 reflected.Φ-OTDR
Coherent light is processed by system host 101, it is thus achieved that the real-time position information of train operation and velocity information.
Wherein, to obtain the principle of train operation positional information and velocity information as follows for Φ-OTDR system host 101:
Φ-OTDR system host 101 is by measuring between input pulse optical signal and the pulsed optical signals reflected
Time difference obtains the length information of the optical fiber of correspondence.Owing to optical cable 102 is to lay along railway line, optical cable 102
Length and spatial geographical locations can one_to_one corresponding, therefore can be according to the length of vibration signal correspondence optical cable 102
The positional information of degree information acquisition track train.By the analysis to a period of time internal vibration signal, it is thus achieved that row
The position of car and the relation of time；Owing to speed is the single order derived function value of displacement versus time, therefore train
Position, for the slope of time, is the speed of service of train.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the Φ-OTDR system host structured flowchart that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.In
The present embodiment, described Φ-OTDR system host 101 include laser instrument (Laser), acousto-optic modulator (AOM),
Driver (Driver), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), band filter (BPF), tunable decay
Device (Tunable Attenuator), circulator (Circulator), photodetector and processor
(Processor)。
Described laser instrument 201 is used for launching continuous light, and output is to acousto-optic modulator 202.Described continuous light is full
The continuous light of the super-narrow line width low frequency drift of foot corresponding requirements.In the present embodiment, laser instrument 201 swashs for super-narrow line width
Light device, its live width is generally less than 3KHz.
Described acousto-optic modulator 202 is for being modulated into pulsed optical signals by described continuous light.Sound in the present embodiment
Photomodulator 202 is High Extinction Ratio acousto-optic modulator, and its extinction ratio is more than 50dB.
Described erbium-doped fiber amplifier 204 is for being amplified described pulsed optical signals.
Described band filter 205 is for filtering the pulsed optical signals of erbium-doped fiber amplifier 204 output
Ripple processes.
Described tunable attenuator 206 is for adjusting the power of the pulsed optical signals received.
Described circulator 207 is for being injected into optical cable by the pulsed optical signals that tunable attenuator 206 exports
102, there is Rayleigh scattering in light in optical cable 102, and receives the coherent light being reflected back in optical cable 102, passes through
3rd port exports to photodetector 208.
Described photodetector 208 for being converted into the signal of telecommunication by described Rayleigh scattering coherent light, and place is given in output
Reason device 209.
Described processor 209 is for carrying out signal processing to the described signal of telecommunication, it is thus achieved that the real-time position of train operation
Confidence breath and velocity information.
The detailed process that processor 209 carries out data process is as follows: one, according to original Rayleigh scattering curve,
On optical cable 102, each spatial point has a time dependent signal Xs(t), wherein, XsT () represents optical cable
On 102 from train command scheduling centre distance be the vibration signal of s.Two, the signal X to each spatial points(t)
Adding width is TwTime window, then the signal in each time window is done wavelet transformation, threshold deniosing, filter
Except high-frequency noise and the slow polarization noise become, improve the signal to noise ratio of system, and the signal of reconstruct sought root-mean-square,
Obtain the level of vibration of signal in this time window, and then obtain optical cable 102 diverse location on each time point
Vibration signal is YT(s), wherein YTS () represents the vibration signal of all positions of T moment optical cable；Now position week
Phase is T1=Tp*Tw, wherein T1Represent locating periodically, TpRepresent pulse repetition period, TwExpress time window.Three,
To YTS () is done peakvalue's checking and is obtained suddenling change along position, thus obtain the position of this time point vibration train, wherein
Rising edge will distinguish headstock position and the tailstock position of corresponding train with trailing edge；During to each in a period of time
Between point analysis, obtain the position-time relationship of train in this period；Four, the position-time relationship to train
Seek slope, it is thus achieved that to the real-time speed of each time point train operation.
The present invention successfully tries out in railway division, Wuhan.As it is shown on figure 3,301 represent the displacement of a train
-time graph, 302 represent the displacement-time curve of b train.In the present invention can detect monitoring range,
The two row trains travelled in opposite directions on two parallel orbits by a distance, to meeting, again to sailing out of prison dorsad
The whole motor process in control region, and respective velocity information.It is computed, speed V of a trainaFor
Speed V of 115km/h, b trainbFor 105km/h, at the speed model that K (quickly) train normally travels
In enclosing.In above-described embodiment application, pulse recurrence frequency TpFor 0.1ms, time window TwIt is 100 points, fixed
Bit period T1=0.1ms*100=10ms.Therefore at a locating periodically T1Time span in, a, b train
The distance run is respectively 0.32m and 0.29m.In above-described embodiment is applied, the Refresh Data cycle is 0.1s.
Above-described embodiment shows that all distributed vibration sensors with real-time navigation capability are all applied to rail
The testing the speed and positioning of road train, Φ-OTDR system host is one therein.In the essence without departing from the present invention
God or substitutive characteristics in the case of, the present invention can by based on other principle, there is real-time positioning merit
The distributed vibration sensor of energy realizes.
Technical scheme has the advantage that one, Φ-OTDR whole process is passive, and not by electromagnetic field
Interference, it is ensured that normally work under the adverse circumstances such as thunder and lightning.Two, it is super distributed due to Φ-OTDR
Formula, monitoring distance is up to more than 100km, and spatial resolution can reach meter level, train command scheduling center
Directly obtained real-time position information and the velocity information of train by Φ-OTDR system host, it is not necessary to by it
Its mode by real-time Data Transmission to train command scheduling center.The present invention solves testing the speed of track train and asks
Topic, and can provide for train and position information accurately, overcomes that anti-interference in prior art is poor, speed
Data update the defects such as slow and plant maintenance difficulty, and can be not only used for conventional train tests the speed and position, and
And can be also used for other rail mounted mode of transportation, and the speed of other objects moved along fixing line track
Degree is measured and location.
Note, above are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.Those skilled in the art
It will be appreciated that the invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, can enter for a person skilled in the art
Row various obvious changes, readjust and substitute without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, though
So by above example, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention be not limited only to
Upper embodiment, without departing from the inventive concept, it is also possible to include other Equivalent embodiments more,
And the scope of the present invention is determined by scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. rail vehicle based on a Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system, it is characterised in that include
Φ-OTDR system host and optical cable；
Described Φ-OTDR system host is connected with optical cable, is used for sending pulsed optical signals and is injected into optical cable, and
The Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable is processed, it is thus achieved that the real-time position information of train operation and
Velocity information；Wherein, described Φ-OTDR system host includes laser instrument, acousto-optic modulator, Er-doped fiber
Amplifier, band filter, tunable attenuator, circulator, photodetector and processor；
Described laser instrument is used for launching continuous light, and output is to acousto-optic modulator；Wherein, laser instrument is ultra-narrow line
Wide laser instrument, its live width is less than 3KHz；
Described acousto-optic modulator is for being modulated into pulsed optical signals by described continuous light；Wherein, acousto-optic modulator
For High Extinction Ratio acousto-optic modulator, its extinction ratio is more than 50dB；
Described erbium-doped fiber amplifier is for being amplified described pulsed optical signals；
Described band filter is for being filtered the pulsed optical signals of erbium-doped fiber amplifier output；
Described tunable attenuator is for adjusting the power of the pulsed optical signals received；
Described circulator is for being injected into optical cable by the pulsed optical signals that tunable attenuator exports, and light is at optical cable
Middle generation Rayleigh scattering, and receive the coherent light being reflected back in optical cable, output is to photodetector；
Described photodetector for being converted into the signal of telecommunication by described Rayleigh scattering coherent light, and output is to processor；
Described processor is for carrying out signal processing to the described signal of telecommunication, it is thus achieved that the real time position letter of train operation
Breath and velocity information；Wherein, described processor specifically for: one, according to original Rayleigh scattering curve, light
On cable, each spatial point has a time dependent signal Xs(t), wherein, XsT () represents on optical cable from row
Car command scheduling centre distance is the vibration signal of s；Two, the signal X to each spatial pointsT () adds width
TwTime window, then the signal in each time window is done wavelet transformation, threshold deniosing, and to reconstruct
Signal seeks root-mean-square, obtains the level of vibration of signal in this time window, and then obtains optical cable on each time point
The vibration signal of diverse location is YT(s), wherein YTS () represents the vibration signal of all positions of T moment optical cable；
Now locating periodically is T1=Tp*Tw, wherein T1Represent locating periodically, TpRepresent pulse repetition period, TwTable
Show time window；Three, to YTS () is done peakvalue's checking and is obtained suddenling change along position, thus obtain this time point vibration row
The position of car, wherein rising edge will distinguish headstock position and the tailstock position of corresponding train with trailing edge；To one
Each time point analysis in the section time, obtains the position-time relationship of train in this period；Four, to train
Position-time relationship seeks slope, it is thus achieved that to the real-time speed of each time point train operation.
Rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR the most according to claim 1 location and velocity-measuring system, it is special
Levying and be, described Φ-OTDR system host is arranged in the Control Room at train command scheduling center；Described light
Cable, along track laying, is embedded in the soil immediately below track.
Rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR the most according to claim 2 location and velocity-measuring system, it is special
Levying and be, signal mode fiber cable selected by described optical cable.
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| CN104457808A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 北京奥普科达科技有限公司 | Method and system for achieving phi-OTDR system long-distance monitoring |
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| RU2659913C1 (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-07-04 | Акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте | Train location control system |
| RU2675041C1 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-12-14 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" | Train location control system |
| CN108492585A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-04 | 河北中岗通讯工程有限公司 | A kind of real-time road detecting system and application method |
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| CN112550378B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-03-17 | 安徽徽一通讯科技有限公司 | Method, system and storage for mapping positions between track accompanying optical cable and track |
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