CN103898570B - 锡或锡合金电镀液 - Google Patents
锡或锡合金电镀液 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103898570B CN103898570B CN201310757231.2A CN201310757231A CN103898570B CN 103898570 B CN103898570 B CN 103898570B CN 201310757231 A CN201310757231 A CN 201310757231A CN 103898570 B CN103898570 B CN 103898570B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- tin alloy
- stannum
- electric plating
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 aldehyde compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citral Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043350 citral Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N geranial Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ACWQBUSCFPJUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tiglaldehyde Natural products CC=C(C)C=O ACWQBUSCFPJUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ACWQBUSCFPJUPN-HWKANZROSA-N trans-2-methyl-2-butenal Chemical compound C\C=C(/C)C=O ACWQBUSCFPJUPN-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 51
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- PSQYTAPXSHCGMF-BQYQJAHWSA-N β-ionone Chemical compound CC(=O)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C PSQYTAPXSHCGMF-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- SFEOKXHPFMOVRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-(S)-gamma-ionone Natural products CC(=O)C=CC1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C SFEOKXHPFMOVRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical class CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007934 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- POIARNZEYGURDG-FNORWQNLSA-N beta-damascenone Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)C1=C(C)C=CCC1(C)C POIARNZEYGURDG-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- POIARNZEYGURDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-damascenone Natural products CC=CC(=O)C1=C(C)C=CCC1(C)C POIARNZEYGURDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- VILAVOFMIJHSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbon monoxide Chemical compound [C]=C=O VILAVOFMIJHSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J methanesulfonate;tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930007850 β-damascenone Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 125000006832 (C1-C10) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FEWIGMWODIRUJM-HWKANZROSA-N (E)-4-hexen-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)\C=C\C FEWIGMWODIRUJM-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTYLUDGDHUEBGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(cyclohexen-1-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CCCCC1 LTYLUDGDHUEBGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003934 aromatic aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008365 aromatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GGNQRNBDZQJCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,4-triol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 GGNQRNBDZQJCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N citronellal Chemical compound O=CCC(C)CCC=C(C)C NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWIGMWODIRUJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-4-en-3-one Natural products CCC(=O)C=CC FEWIGMWODIRUJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QJJDNZGPQDGNDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidized Latia luciferin Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C QJJDNZGPQDGNDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N (2E)-2-Tetradecenal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=O WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUWJBXKHMMQDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 UUWJBXKHMMQDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZYDKJOUEPFKMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1O VZYDKJOUEPFKMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKQCSJBQLWJEPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1 IKQCSJBQLWJEPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJRRUHVEWQXOLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(fluoroamino)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNF AJRRUHVEWQXOLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZBQMTZXOUFTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(furan-2-yl)-3h-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid Chemical compound N1C2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC=CO1 DIZBQMTZXOUFTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAEOEMDZDMCHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-[2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O RAEOEMDZDMCHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZOVBIIWPDQIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O BZOVBIIWPDQIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYKLZUPYJFFNRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypiperidin-2-one Chemical compound OC1CCCNC1=O RYKLZUPYJFFNRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RHNMUNFXKDNVOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)NOONCC.C=C Chemical compound C(C)NOONCC.C=C RHNMUNFXKDNVOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDVCTSOIZVTNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCN.OCCO Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCN.OCCO IDVCTSOIZVTNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTPNEQSXPJIOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-O CCC(C(C=C[NH3+])N)=O Chemical compound CCC(C(C=C[NH3+])N)=O QTPNEQSXPJIOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTKFORQRBXIQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N allylthiourea Chemical compound NC(=S)NCC=C HTKFORQRBXIQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001748 allylthiourea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001588 beta-ionone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium copper Chemical compound [Cr][Cu][Cr] ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003633 citronellal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000000983 citronellal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003950 cyclic amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001485 cycloalkadienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044652 phenolsulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(S)C(O)=O NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910001174 tin-lead alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
- C25D3/32—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin characterised by the organic bath constituents used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/60—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
- C25D5/022—Electroplating of selected surface areas using masking means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/12—Semiconductors
- C25D7/123—Semiconductors first coated with a seed layer or a conductive layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
- H01L21/2885—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition using an external electrical current, i.e. electro-deposition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
- H01L21/76879—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material by selective deposition of conductive material in the vias, e.g. selective C.V.D. on semiconductor material, plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/4007—Surface contacts, e.g. bumps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1603—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
- C23C18/1605—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by masking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1653—Two or more layers with at least one layer obtained by electroless plating and one layer obtained by electroplating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
- H05K2201/0302—Properties and characteristics in general
- H05K2201/0305—Solder used for other purposes than connections between PCB or components, e.g. for filling vias or for programmable patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
- H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
- H05K2201/0364—Conductor shape
- H05K2201/0367—Metallic bump or raised conductor not used as solder bump
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
- H05K2201/09209—Shape and layout details of conductors
- H05K2201/095—Conductive through-holes or vias
- H05K2201/09563—Metal filled via
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
- H05K3/181—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
- H05K3/187—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating means therefor, e.g. baths, apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/423—Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by electroplating method
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Printing Elements For Providing Electric Connections Between Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种锡或锡合金电镀液,所述锡或锡合金电镀液可以在开口中形成充分的电镀沉积,而不导致镀膜表面上的灼伤或引起异常沉积,并且其具有良好的通孔填充效应。当在锡或锡合金电镀液中加入特定的α,β‑不饱和羰基化合物时,可以得到具有良好通孔填充性能的电镀液,并且减少了实质上不含空洞的沉积以及镀层表面上的灼伤或异常沉积。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及适用于在通孔中选择性地沉积锡或锡合金进行通孔填充的锡或锡合金电镀液,以及使用该镀液进行通孔填充的方法。
另外,本发明涉及锡或锡合金电镀液,其适用于在电子元件焊接中形成凸块的方法并且包含通孔填充步骤,以及还涉及通过电镀液形成的包括锡或锡合金的凸块。特别是,涉及当将半导体集成电路(LSI)芯片焊接到电路基材上时用于在芯片和电路基材之间形成电路连接的包括锡或锡合金的凸块。
背景技术
近来,对于在半导体集成电路层间通道的形成,所谓的在内凹部分或待镀材料上的通孔选择性地进行电镀的通孔填充,正变得越来越重要。然而,当对具有内凹部分的材料进行电镀时,镀膜倾向于在外表面上形成,而不是在内凹部分中,并且在内凹部分中仅形成非常薄的镀膜,或者即使在内凹部分中的电镀沉积是不充分的,内凹部分的表面变得闭合从而导致倾向于产生具有空洞空间的镀膜,这是个问题。
通孔填充还被用于在LSI芯片的电极端子上形成焊料凸块的情形中,并且通孔填充的上述问题也发生在凸块的形成中。
近来,随着用于电子设备的半导体集成电路(LSI)的密度大幅增加和高度集成,在LSI芯片上制备多个针结以及较窄节距的电极端子正在快速发展。为了将这些LSI芯片焊接到电路基材上,为了使小尺寸的电子部件成为可能,以及为了使布线延迟降得更低,倒装焊芯片焊接得到广泛应用。在这种倒装焊芯片焊接中,常见的方式是焊料凸块在LSI的电极端子上形成,并且通过焊料凸块,与在电路基材上形成的连接端连成一个整体。随着电极节距变得越来越窄,必须形成对应于这种窄节距的凸块。
到今天为止,已经发展出焊球放置在电极上的方法,或者通过丝网印刷或旋涂方法施加焊料浆液的方法,作为形成凸块的方法。然而,使用焊球法时,焊球必须精准地放置在单个电极上,这是件麻烦事。另外,当电极节距变得越来越窄时,这在技术上变得更加困难。而当使用丝网印刷法时,焊料浆液使用掩膜进行印刷,因此,在具有上述窄节距的单个垫上精准地形成凸块同样是非常困难的。特开(Kokai)专利No.2000-094179描述了一种方法,其中包括焊料粉末的焊料浆液旋涂在具有电极的基材上,并且通过加热基材使焊料熔化,因而焊料凸块选择性地在电极上形成。然而,由于浆液状的组合物旋涂到基材上,导致厚度或浓度局部不均,从而导致在每个电极上沉积的焊料量存在差异,或者不可能得到均匀高度的凸块,这是个问题。
另一方面,美国专利No.7,098,126描述了一种方法,其中研磨层放置在包括至少一个连接区域的电路板上,并且进行图案化,以及将垫曝光,并且通过物理气相沉积,化学气相沉积,化学镀或电镀在基材的整个表面上沉积上金属籽晶层,并且在金属籽晶层上形成阻层,以及在连接垫上的位置处形成开口,从而完成通孔填充。移除阻层和直接位于阻层之下的金属籽晶层,从而在基材上形成焊料凸块。然而,美国专利No.7,098,126的说明书中记载通过电镀在开口处形成的焊料材料是含有铅、锡、银、铜、铋,等等的合金,但是根本没有公开解决上述通孔填充问题的方法以及电镀液的组成。
另外,特开专利No.2012-506628描述了一种方法,其中形成了具有一个含有至少一个制备的连接区域的表面,以及焊料掩膜层,并且使用该焊料掩膜层进行图案化的基材并且曝光连接区域,并且包括焊料掩膜层和连接区域的整个基材区域与适合提供导电层的溶液相接触。在导电层上进行锡或锡合金的电镀,并且连接区域是通孔填充的。移除焊料掩膜区域的锡或锡合金镀层以及导电层,在基材上形成焊料凸块。此外,特开专利No.2012-506628公开了锡或锡合金电镀液的组成,包括锡离子源,酸,抗氧化剂,以及可选自芳香醛,芳香酮和α/β不饱和羧酸的整平剂。然而,根据发明人进行的研究,使用α/β不饱和羧酸,α/β不饱和酯或α/β不饱和酸酐的锡电镀液不能获得充分的通孔填充效应(从此处开始,将称为整平效应),其中镀层选择性地沉积在内凹部分中。另外,使用芳香醛或芳香酮的锡电镀液具有很多问题,在形成的镀膜表面上的灼伤,枝晶和粉末导致不能得到实用和良好的外观,并且膜性质例如焊接性能或抗色变性能很差。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种锡或锡合金电镀液,该电镀液可以在开口中形成充分电镀沉积,而不导致镀膜表面上的灼伤或引起异常沉积,并且可以在开口上形成充分沉积,并且具有良好的通孔填充效应。本发明还提供了一种包含锡或锡合金的凸块的形成方法,包括使用上述本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液进行通孔填充的过程,并且还涉及使用该方法形成的凸块。
发明人发现,当在锡或锡合金电镀液中加入特定的α,β-不饱和羰基化合物时,可以解决上述问题。也就是说,本发明提供了至少下列(i)-(iv):
(i)锡或锡合金电镀液,特征在于包含至少一种下列通式(1)所示的化合物:
在通式中,R1选自由氢原子;卤素原子;取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团;C2-C20烯基基团;C4-C20二烯基基团;C3-C20环烷基基团;C3-C20环烯基基团;以及C4-C20环二烯基基团;以及-NR5R6表示的氨基基团所组成的组,其中R5和R6各自独立地是氢原子或取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团;R2,R3和R4各自独立地选自由氢原子;卤素原子;取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团;C2-C20烯基基团;C4-C20二烯基基团;C3-C20环烷基基团;C3-C20环烯基基团;以及C4-C20环二烯基基团所组成的组;R2和R4,或R1和R3可以键合在一起形成环,并且所形成的环可以具有一个或多个双键。当R1是-NR5R6表示的氨基基团时,上述环是R5或R6与R3键合的杂环,,在R1是取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团,C2-C20烯基基团,或C4-C20二烯基基团的情形下,上述环可以是在羰基碳与R1之间具有一个氧原子的杂环。
(ii)如上述(i)所述的锡或锡合金电镀液,其中上述通式(1)所示的化合物是α,β-不饱和醛或α,β-不饱和酮。
(iii)使用锡或锡合金电镀液、用电镀沉积物填充待镀电镀沉积的材料表面上形成的通孔的方法,并且特征在于,使用上述(i)所述的锡或锡合金电镀液实施电镀的过程。
(iv)在基材上形成包含锡或锡合金的凸块的方法,并且该方法包括下列步骤:
1)在基材上形成具有开口的保护层,以及
2)使用上述(i)所述的锡或锡合金电镀液在上述开口上形成电镀沉积。
(v)如上述(iv)中所述的方法,特征在于保护层是光敏性树脂或热固性树脂的。
(vi)如上述(iv)中所述的方法,还包括下列步骤:在使用锡或锡合金电镀液在开口处形成电镀沉积的步骤之前,至少在开口的底部形成导电层。
(vii)包含使用如上述(i)所述的锡或锡合金电镀液形成的锡或锡合金的凸块。
下面将会解释,本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液是显示出高通孔填充效应的电镀液。当使用本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液时,镀层选择性地沉积在内凹部分上,因此,可以得到没有空洞空间的电镀沉积。另外,当使用本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液时,镀膜表面不遭受灼烧或异常沉积,因此,可以得到具有优异的焊接性能以及优异的抗色变能力并且实用以及具有良好外观的镀膜。
此外,本发明的电镀液具有良好的通孔填充能力,因此,可以形成没有空洞的柱状镀层沉积。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制备的通孔横截面的亮场显微镜图片。
图2是对比例1制备的通孔横截面的亮场显微镜图片。
具体实施方式
在本说明书中,“镀液”和“镀浴”可以互换。℃是摄氏度,g/L是克每升,mL/L是毫升每升,μm是微米,m/min是米每分钟,A/dm2是安培/每平方分米。所有的数值范围均包含端点值,并且可以以任意顺序组合,除非在逻辑上,这类数值范围的总和局限于100%。
本发明是锡或锡合金电镀液,特征在于包含下列通式(1)的化合物。
在通式中,R1可以选自由氢原子;卤素原子;取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团;C2-C20烯基基团;C4-C20二烯基基团;C3-C20环烷基基团;C3-C20环烯基基团;以及C4-C20环二烯基基团;以及-NR5R6表示的氨基基团所组成的组。R5和R6可以各自独立地是氢原子或取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团;R2-R4可以各自独立地选自由氢原子;卤素原子;取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团;C2-C20烯基基团;C4-C20二烯基基团;C3-C20环烷基基团;C3-C20环烯基基团;以及C4-C20环二烯基基团所组成的组。R2和R4,或R1和R3可以键合在一起形成环,并且所形成的环可以具有一个或多个双键。当R1是上述式-NR5R6表示的氨基基团时,上述环是R5或R6与R3键合的杂环,在R1是取代或未取代的C1-C20烷基基团,C2-C20烯基基团,或C4-C20二烯基基团的情形下,上述环可以是在羰基碳与R1之间具有一个氧原子的杂环。
上述R1-R4中的C1-C20烷基基团;C2-C20烯基基团;C4-C20二烯基基团;C3-C20环烷基基团;C3-C20环烯基基团;以及C4-C20环二烯基基团,以及R5,R6中的C1-C20烷基基团可以具有一个或多个取代基,所述取代基选自具有1-9个碳原子的烷基基团、烯基基团、烷氧基基团、氨基基团、卤素原子、羰基基团,以及氰基基团。
通式(1)的化合物包括但不限于:α,β-不饱和醛;α,β-不饱和酮;α,β-不饱和卤化物;α,β-不饱和内酯(环状酯);α,β-不饱和酰胺;以及α,β-不饱和内酰胺(环状酰胺)。其中,优选是α,β-不饱和醛和α,β-不饱和酮。当R1是羟基时,其变为α,β-不饱和羧酸,然而,该化合物通孔填充能力差,因此不包括在本发明内。另外,α,β-不饱和羧酸酐和α,β-不饱和羧酸酯,排除其中α,β-不饱和羧酸酯是环状酯的情形,其通孔填充能力差,因此不包括在本发明内。而且,在α,β位置不具有不饱和键的芳香醛和芳香酮不包括在本发明内,因为所得镀膜表面具有枝晶、灼伤或漏镀,并且那些是不优选的。α,β-不饱和醛是从羰基基团角度看,在碳原子的α位置和β位置中间具有一个不饱和双键的化合物的通称,并且这对于其它α,β-不饱和化合物也是适用的。
通式(1)涉及的化合物的例子包括如下所示的化合物:
当通式(1)中的R2和R4键合在一起形成环时,通式(1)所示的化合物也可以具有下列通式(2)的结构:
在通式(2)中,R7可以是取代或未取代的C1-C40,C1-C20,或C1-C10亚烷基,或具有一个或多个双键的C2-C40,C2-C20,C2-C10烯烃二基,并且R7可以具有一个或多个取代基,所述取代基选自具有1-9个碳原子的烷基基团、烯基基团、烷氧基基团、氨基基团、卤素原子、羟基基团、羰基基团,以及氰基基团。
通式(2)的化合物包括,但不限于下列化合物:
另外,当通式(1)中的R1和R3键合在一起形成环时,通式(1)所示的化合物也可以具有下列通式(3)的结构:
在通式(3)中,R8可以是取代或未取代的C1-C40,C1-C20,或C1-C10亚烷基,或具有一个或多个双键的C2-C40,C2-C20,C2-C10烯烃二基,并且其可以形成包括一个或多个选自氮原子和氧原子的原子作为在羰基碳和R1之间的杂原子的杂环,并且R8也可以具有一个或多个取代基,所述取代基选自具有1-9个碳原子的烷基基团、烯基基团、烷氧基基团、氨基基团、卤素原子、羟基基团、羰基基团,以及氰基基团。
通式(3)包括的化合物为下列化合物:
其中,优选为α,β-不饱和醛或α,β-不饱和酮的β-紫罗兰酮;1-乙酰基1-环己烯;柠檬醛;4-己烯-3-酮;α-紫罗兰酮;β-大马酮。
在本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液中,通式(1)所示的α,β-不饱和羰基化合物应当包含在0.0001-10g/L,优选0.0005-5g/L,更优选0.001-1g/L的范围内,并且更优选应当包含在0.01-0.5g/L的范围内。
除了上述α,β-不饱和羰基化合物之外,本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液包括锡离子源和酸,而且,还可以包括与锡形成合金的第二金属离子源,以及其它添加剂。
只要能够提供锡离子,任何锡离子源可以用于电镀液中,并且可以是无机盐、有机盐、络合物或金属锡。离子源包括但不限于无机酸例如硫酸、硼氟酸、硅氟酸、氨基磺酸、盐酸、焦磷酸的锡盐,以及甲烷磺酸、2-丙醇磺酸、苯酚磺酸、磺基琥珀酸、醋酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、甘醇酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、葡萄糖酸、甘氨酸、巯基琥珀酸、乙二胺四乙酸、亚氨基二乙酸、次氮基三乙酸、二乙撑三胺五乙酸、三乙撑四胺六乙酸、乙撑二氧代双(乙胺)-N,N,N’,N’-四乙酸、乙二醇乙二胺四乙酸以及N-(2-羟乙基)乙二胺三乙酸的锡盐或锡络合物。另外,在使用金属锡的情形下,金属锡可以用作电镀中的阳极。在这些锡离子源中,优选硫酸锡;氯化锡;锡的甲烷磺酸盐以及锡的苯酚磺酸盐。
在镀液中,锡离子源基于锡离子的用量应当为5-500g/L,优选20-200g/L。
关于酸,可以使用已知化合物,例如,可以使用用来形成上述锡盐或锡络合物的酸组分。酸在镀液中的用量应当为1-500g/L,优选20-200g/L。
除了锡离子源之外,本发明的镀液可以包括除锡之外的合金金属离子源(第二金属离子源)。根据目标锡合金不同,第二金属包括但不限于:银;铜;金;铂;锌;镍;铋;铟;铊;锑;钯;铑;铱;以及铅。作为第二金属离子源,可以使用这些金属的无机盐、有机盐或络合物,例如可以使用上述锡盐或锡络合物中所描述的酸盐。另外,可以使用两种或多种作为第二金属离子。
根据镀浴类型、金属类型不同,第二金属离子源的含量可以变化,从而形成合金和合金组合物;然而,应当在0.1-500g/L范围内。例如,在通过向锡中加入微量银制备锡-银近共晶组合物的情形下,在镀液中的含量应当为0.1-3.5g/L,以及在实施低熔化温度的锡-铟合金的电镀的情形下,需要为1-500g/L。当两种或多种金属用作第二金属离子源时,同样也是如此。
本发明的电镀液还可以包含其它添加剂。这类添加剂包括,但不限于抗氧化剂,表面活性剂,络合剂,pH调节剂,光亮剂以及晶粒细化剂。
抗氧化剂包括,但不限于:邻苯二酚;间苯二酚;氢醌;邻苯三酚;羟基氢醌;氟代甘氨酸;3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸;p-苯酚磺酸;甲酚磺酸;邻苯二酚磺酸;以及氢醌磺酸。抗氧化剂在电镀液中的用量应当为0.01-5g/L,优选0.1-2g/L。
可使用的表面活性剂是可溶解本发明中所用的α,β-不饱和羰基化合物的表面活性剂,并且在高电流密度区域具有限制沉积的功能。这类表面活性剂包括已知的阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂以及两性表面活性剂;然而,优选的表面活性剂是非离子表面活性剂。非离子表面活性剂包括,但不限于:聚氧化亚烷基烷基醚或酯;聚氧化亚烷基苯基醚;聚氧化亚烷基烷基苯基醚;聚氧化亚烷基萘基醚;聚氧化亚烷基烷基萘酚醚;聚氧化亚烷基苯乙烯化苯基醚或其中的聚氧化亚烷基链进一步连接到所述苯环基团上的聚氧化亚烷基苯乙烯化苯基醚;聚氧化亚烷基双酚醚;聚氧化亚乙基聚氧化亚丙基嵌段共聚物;聚氧化亚烷基山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯;聚氧化亚烷基山梨醇脂肪酸酯;聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯;聚氧化亚烷基甘油脂肪酸酯;聚氧化亚烷基烷基胺;聚氧化亚烷基与乙二胺的缩合材料;聚氧化亚烷基脂肪酸酰胺;聚氧化亚烷基蓖麻油和/或硬化蓖麻油;聚氧化亚烷基苯基甲醛缩合材料;甘油或聚甘油,脂肪酸酯;五赤藓糖醇脂肪酸酯;山梨聚糖单、倍半和三脂肪酸酯;高级脂肪酸单和二乙醇酰胺;烷基·脂烷醇酰胺;以及氧化亚烷基烷基胺。在电镀液中,这些表面活性剂的用量应当为0.05-25g/L,优选0.1-10g/L。
当制备锡合金电镀液时,络合剂特别适合用来溶解第二金属。络合剂包括,但不限于:硫脲;烯丙基硫脲;以及3,6-二硫代辛-1,8-二醇。用量应当为0.01-50g/L,优选0.1-10g/L。
如上所述,本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液具有良好的通孔填充效应。通常情况下,当对具有内凹部分的材料进行电镀时,镀膜倾向于在外表面形成,而不是在内凹部分中,并且在内凹部分中仅形成非常薄的镀膜,或者即使在内凹部分中的电镀沉积是不充分的,表面也会闭合并且倾向于形成具有空洞空间的镀膜。然而,当使用本发明的电镀液时,镀层选择性地沉积在内凹部分中;因此,可以得到几乎不具有空洞空间的沉积镀层。另外,当使用本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液时,所形成的的电镀表面不遭受灼烧或异常沉积。因此,可以得到实用的并且具有良好外观,优异的焊接性能以及优异的抗色变能力的镀膜。因而,本发明的电镀液适合用于形成凸块,包括通孔填充步骤,以及适用于形成锡和锡合金凸块。
本发明方法的一个实施方式是在待镀电镀沉积的材料表面上使用电镀沉积填充通孔的方法。其特征在于使用本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液进行电镀。待镀材料具有至少一个所形成的通孔,尺寸不限制。本发明的方法优选填充直径为10-100μm深度为10-100μm的通孔。待镀材料包括但不限于电子基材和电子元件例如半导体芯片。优选具有电极的基材,因为在基材上电极位置提供的开口部分上可以形成充分的电镀沉积。
另外,本发明的另一个实施方式是在基材上形成包含锡或锡合金的凸块。
该实施方式包括下列步骤:
(1)在基材上形成具有开口部分的保护层,以及
(2)使用本发明的锡或锡合金电镀液在上述开口部分上形成电镀沉积。
保护层是在基材上不应当沉积的位置上进行电镀之前所形成的层,并且包括在电镀沉积形成后剥除的层(这也称为阻层),以及不被剥除仍然保留的层。关于在基材上形成具有开口的保护层,可以使用任何现存的方法,然而,优选使用光敏性树脂或热固性树脂作为保护层的方法。在本发明中,光敏性树脂表示与各种光源例如可见光,UV,X-射线或电子束作用的树脂。在显影液中,该树脂变成溶解性的或不溶性的,并且可以使用负性或正性类型。另外,在热固性树脂通过热固化后,可以通过激光或其它常规方法形成开口。
关于形成开口的特定方法,如在美国专利No.7,098,126的说明书中所述,在接触垫上形成阻挡层,以及在不需要电镀沉积的位置上形成焊料掩膜,以及在图案化完成后,以及曝光接触垫上的阻挡层,以及在预先通过物理气相沉积(PVD),化学气相沉积(CVD),或电镀或化学镀形成金属导电层之后,使用阻层完成图案化并且形成开口。另外,如特开专利No.2012-506628中所述,使用负性类型光刻胶,曝光焊料掩膜层并且形成开口,以及随后,在开口和焊料掩膜层的整体部分上形成导电层。
上述开口可以是任何尺寸,然而,通常,它是直径为10-100μm以及深度为10-100μm的通孔。在使用本发明的电镀液进行电镀之前,优选至少在保护层开口的底部形成导电层。上述导电层可以是由铜;锡;钴;锡-铅合金;铬-铜合金;钛/镍(双金属),锡/铜;铬/铬-铜合金/铜;或镍/锡/铜构成的层。导电层可以通过PVD或CVD,或化学镀或电镀形成。例如,在附着含有贵金属离子例如钯的催化剂之后,进行化学镀铜或电镀镍以形成导电层。
通过使用上述锡或锡合金电镀液形成包含锡或锡合金的凸块。如上所述,本发明的电镀液显示出良好的通孔填充性能,因而,它可以形成几乎不具有空洞的柱状沉积。包含锡或锡合金的凸块表示凸块的主要成分是锡或锡合金,以及例如,它可以是两层构成的凸块,其中凸块的基座首先通过另一种金属电镀液制备,并且在其上面,形成锡或锡合金柱,或者其可以是包含两层的凸块进行回焊并且二者混合为一体的凸块。凸块表示在半导体芯片或基材上形成的突起,并且成为连接半导体芯片和基材的端子。通常,凸块可以是任何尺寸的。一般直径为10-100μm,以及深度为10-100μm。
当本发明的凸块包含锡合金时,形成合金的锡和第二金属是上面对于锡合金电镀液所已经描述的金属。关于合金的组成,第二金属的含量应当为0.1-50%,优选1-5%,其余为锡。
实施例1
在45℃下,将铜镀过的FR4基材浸入预处理液(CIRCUBONDTM187处理液,购自美国马萨诸塞州莫尔伯勒的陶氏电子材料公司(Dow Electronic Materials)中2分钟,铜镀过的表面变得粗糙。在其上面,通过旋涂机涂覆光敏性绝缘树脂(MultiPositTM9500cc光敏性树脂,购自陶氏电子材料公司),并且曝光,烘烤并且进行显影,从而形成深度为20μm并且直径为50μm的通孔。
随后,在70℃下用表面清洁剂(CIRCUPOSITTM,MLB211清洁剂,购自陶氏电子材料公司)进行洗涤,然后用水洗涤,在80℃下用CIRCUPOSITTM,MLB213溶液(购自陶氏电子材料公司)除胶2.5分钟,并且连续地,在45℃下用中和剂(CIRCUPOSITTM,MLB216溶液,购自陶氏电子材料公司)处理5分钟。然后,在30℃下使用化学镀铜液(CIRCUPOSITTM,MLB328镀铜液,购自陶氏电子材料公司)实施化学镀40分钟,并且形成1μm厚的籽晶层。具有通孔的基材用作评价基材,并且进行下列测试,并评价整平性能。
制备下列锡电镀液:
锡的甲烷磺酸盐:基于锡离子,45g/L
甲烷磺酸(79%溶液):85mL/L
表面活性剂(聚氧化亚乙基聚氧化亚丙基烷基醚,PegnolTMD-210Y,购自东邦化学工业株式会社(Toho Kagaku Kogyo K.K.)):0.5g/L
β-紫罗兰酮:0.07g/L
邻苯二酚:2g/L
将评价基材浸入到10mL/L甲烷磺酸溶液(70%溶液)中1分钟,并且活化表面。随后,用去离子水洗涤2分钟,并且将该评价基材用作阴极,在2m/min的搅拌速度下,使用上述电镀液在1A/dm2下实施电镀11分钟。电镀完毕,并且在用去离子水洗涤和干燥后,切割基材的通孔,并且使用亮场显微镜观察。
实施例2
重复实施例1,除了使用0.12g/L1-乙酰基-1-环己烯替代β-紫罗兰酮,并且观察通孔横截面。
实施例3
重复实施例1,除了使用0.2g/L柠檬醛替代β-紫罗兰酮,以及使用0.15g/L表面活性剂1和0.5g/L表面活性剂2(β-萘酚乙氧基化物,商品LugalvanTMBNO12,购自巴斯夫公司(BASF Co.))作为表面活性剂,并且观察通孔横截面。
表面活性剂2
实施例4
重复实施例1,除了使用0.3g/L4-己烯-3-酮替代β-紫罗兰酮,以及将表面活性剂1的浓度变为2g/L,并且观察通孔横截面。
实施例5
重复实施例1,除了使用0.02g/L β-大马酮替代β-紫罗兰酮,以及将表面活性剂1的浓度变为0.75g/L,并且观察通孔横截面。
实施例6
重复实施例1,除了使用20g/L锡的甲烷磺酸盐和0.5g/L银的甲烷磺酸盐作为金属离子源,以及使用0.02g/Lβ-大马酮替代β-紫罗兰酮,并且使用2.6g/L具有下示结构的3,6-二硫代辛-1,8-二醇作为络合剂,并且观察通孔横截面。
实施例1-6的组合物,通孔填充性能和外观显示于表1中。另外,在实施例1中制备的通孔的横截面的亮场显微镜图像显示于图1中。
表1
表面活性剂1:聚氧化亚乙基聚氧化亚丙基烷基醚,商品名:PegnolTMD-210Y(购自东邦化学工业株式会社)
表面活性剂2:β-萘酚乙氧基化物,商品名:LugalvanTMBNO12(购自巴斯夫公司)
对比例1
重复实施例1,除了使用0.2g/L二氢-β-紫罗兰酮替代β-紫罗兰酮,并且观察通孔横截面。通孔填充不充分。
对比例2
重复实施例1,除了使用0.5g/L具有下示结构的香茅醛替代β-紫罗兰酮,并且观察通孔横截面。通孔填充不充分。
对比例3
重复实施例1,除了使用1g/L具有下示结构的丙酮替代β-紫罗兰酮,并且观察通孔横截面。通孔填充不充分。
对比例4
重复实施例1,除了使用1g/L具有下示结构的甲基丙烯酸以及使用7g/L表面活性剂2,并且观察通孔横截面。通孔填充不充分。
对比例5
重复实施例1,除了使用0.025g/L苯甲醛替代β-紫罗兰酮,以及使用7g/L表面活性剂2替代表表面活性剂1,并且观察通孔横截面。通孔得到填充,但观察到许多漏镀和灼伤的区域,不足以实用。
对比例6
重复实施例1,除了使用0.3g/L3-氯-苯乙酮替代β-紫罗兰酮,并且观察通孔横截面。通孔得到填充,单观察到许多漏镀和灼伤的区域,不足以实用。
对比例1-6的组合物和结果(通孔填充性能和外观)显示于表2中。另外,在对比例1中制备的通孔的横截面的亮场显微镜图像显示于图2中。
表2
表面活性剂1:聚氧化亚乙基聚氧化亚丙基烷基醚,商品名:PegnolTMD-210Y(购自东邦化学工业株式会社)
表面活性剂2:β-萘酚乙氧基化物,商品名:LugalvanTMBNO12(购自巴斯夫公司)
Claims (5)
1.锡或锡合金电镀液,包含至少一种选自柠檬醛和惕各醛的α,β-不饱和醛化合物,
所述惕各醛的通式如下:
2.一种使用权利要求1所述的锡或锡合金电镀液、用电镀沉积物填充形成于待镀材料表面上的通孔的方法。
3.一种在基材上形成凸块的方法,包含下列步骤:
1)在基材上形成具有开口的保护层;以及
2)通过使用权利要求1所述的锡或锡合金电镀液,在开口中形成锡或锡合金电镀沉积。
4.权利要求3所述的方法,其中保护层是光敏性树脂或热固性树脂。
5.权利要求3所述的方法,还包括在使用权利要求1所述的锡或锡合金电镀液在开口中形成沉积之前,在至少开口的底面上电镀导电层的步骤。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012284331A JP6133056B2 (ja) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | スズまたはスズ合金めっき液 |
JP2012-284331 | 2012-12-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103898570A CN103898570A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
CN103898570B true CN103898570B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
Family
ID=49917506
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310757231.2A Active CN103898570B (zh) | 2012-12-27 | 2013-12-27 | 锡或锡合金电镀液 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20140183050A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2749672B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6133056B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102220798B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103898570B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI593831B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106661752B (zh) * | 2014-08-08 | 2021-08-10 | 奥野制药工业株式会社 | 铜-锡合金镀敷浴 |
CN104499011A (zh) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-08 | 安徽华灿彩钢薄板科技有限公司 | 一种电镀液 |
JP6631348B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-26 | 2020-01-15 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | ホスホニウム塩を用いためっき液 |
US9359687B1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2016-06-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Separation of alpha emitting species from plating baths |
US9425164B1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2016-08-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Low alpha tin |
US9546433B1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2017-01-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Separation of alpha emitting species from plating baths |
KR101722704B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-04-11 | 엘티씨에이엠 주식회사 | 주석-은 솔더 범프 고속 도금액 및 이를 이용한 도금 방법 |
EP3199666B1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2018-09-26 | ATOTECH Deutschland GmbH | Aqueous indium or indium alloy plating bath and process for deposition of indium or an indium alloy |
CN105755492B (zh) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-04-20 | 昆山艾森半导体材料有限公司 | 一种锡球浸泡液及其制备方法 |
KR20180024765A (ko) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 주식회사 호진플라텍 | 전기도금을 이용한 주석-비스무트-납 삼원합금 솔더 조성물 |
PH12019501495B1 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2024-05-17 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Tin plating bath and a method for depositing tin or tin alloy onto a surface of a substrate |
CN107675209A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 江西理工大学 | 一种绿色环保锡电解精炼电解液 |
JP6620859B2 (ja) | 2017-10-24 | 2019-12-18 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 錫又は錫合金めっき堆積層の形成方法 |
JP6620858B2 (ja) | 2017-10-24 | 2019-12-18 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 錫又は錫合金めっき堆積層の形成方法 |
WO2019082884A1 (ja) | 2017-10-24 | 2019-05-02 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 錫又は錫合金めっき液 |
US11268203B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2022-03-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Tin or tin alloy plating solution |
TWI703239B (zh) | 2018-03-20 | 2020-09-01 | 日商三菱綜合材料股份有限公司 | 錫或錫合金鍍敷液及凸塊的形成方法 |
WO2019181905A1 (ja) | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 錫又は錫合金のめっき液、バンプの形成方法、回路基板の製造方法 |
US12054842B2 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2024-08-06 | Basf Se | Composition for tin-silver alloy electroplating comprising a complexing agent |
EP3781729B1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2024-09-25 | Basf Se | Composition for tin or tin alloy electroplating comprising suppressing agent |
CN109457273A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-12 | 江西理工大学 | 一种绿色环保型锡电解精炼电解液 |
EP4098777A1 (en) | 2020-01-27 | 2022-12-07 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Tin or tin alloy electroplating solution, method for forming bumps, and method for producing circuit board |
WO2021231472A1 (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-18 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | ELECTRODEPOSITION OF PURE PHASE SnSb FROM EUTECTIC ETHALINE SOLUTION FOR SODIUM-ION AND LITHIUM-ION BATTERY ANODES |
US11280014B2 (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2022-03-22 | Macdermid Enthone Inc. | Silver/tin electroplating bath and method of using the same |
CN112538643B (zh) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-13 | 珠海松柏科技有限公司 | 高速镀锡添加剂及镀锡液 |
JP2024500793A (ja) | 2020-12-18 | 2024-01-10 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | スズ又はスズ合金電気めっきするための、平滑化剤を含む組成物 |
WO2024022979A1 (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | Basf Se | Composition for tin or tin alloy electroplating comprising leveling agent |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2221396A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-08-25 | Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLC | Lead-Free Tin Alloy Electroplating Compositions and Methods |
CN102187749A (zh) * | 2008-10-21 | 2011-09-14 | 埃托特克德国有限公司 | 用于在衬底上形成焊料沉积物的方法 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL134963C (zh) * | 1963-08-28 | |||
NL128321C (zh) * | 1965-02-13 | |||
US4207148A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1980-06-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electroplating bath for the electrodeposition of tin and tin/cadmium deposits |
CA1077430A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1980-05-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electroplating bath for the electrodeposition of tin and tin/cadmium deposits |
US4582576A (en) * | 1985-03-26 | 1986-04-15 | Mcgean-Rohco, Inc. | Plating bath and method for electroplating tin and/or lead |
US4849059A (en) * | 1988-09-13 | 1989-07-18 | Macdermid, Incorporated | Aqueous electroplating bath and method for electroplating tin and/or lead and a defoaming agent therefor |
US5093538A (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1992-03-03 | Union Camp Corporation | Processes for the conversion of myrcene to citral |
JP2856857B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-27 | 1999-02-10 | 石原薬品株式会社 | 錫、鉛または錫―鉛合金めっき浴 |
RU2032775C1 (ru) * | 1991-08-15 | 1995-04-10 | Российский химико-технологический университет им.Д.И.Менделеева | Блескообразующая добавка в кислые электролиты для осаждения сплава олово - свинец |
JP3872201B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-25 | 2007-01-24 | ディップソール株式会社 | 錫−銀系合金酸性電気めっき浴 |
JP3996276B2 (ja) | 1998-09-22 | 2007-10-24 | ハリマ化成株式会社 | ソルダペースト及びその製造方法並びにはんだプリコート方法 |
US6267863B1 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2001-07-31 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Electroplating solution for electroplating lead and lead/tin alloys |
JP2001262391A (ja) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-26 | Ishihara Chem Co Ltd | スズ−銅系合金メッキ浴並びに当該皮膜を形成した電子部品 |
TW508987B (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2002-11-01 | Phoenix Prec Technology Corp | Method of forming electroplated solder on organic printed circuit board |
US7344970B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2008-03-18 | Shipley Company, L.L.C. | Plating method |
JP2009256730A (ja) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-11-05 | Nippon Mektron Ltd | 電子部品の表面処理方法 |
JP5583894B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-12 | 2014-09-03 | ローム・アンド・ハース・エレクトロニック・マテリアルズ,エル.エル.シー. | 電気錫めっき液および電気錫めっき方法 |
CN102418123A (zh) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-04-18 | 上海应用技术学院 | 一种高速电镀光亮镀锡电镀液及其制备方法和应用 |
-
2012
- 2012-12-27 JP JP2012284331A patent/JP6133056B2/ja active Active
-
2013
- 2013-12-23 EP EP13199395.8A patent/EP2749672B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-24 TW TW102147929A patent/TWI593831B/zh active
- 2013-12-27 CN CN201310757231.2A patent/CN103898570B/zh active Active
- 2013-12-27 US US14/142,443 patent/US20140183050A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-12-27 KR KR1020130165516A patent/KR102220798B1/ko active Active
-
2015
- 2015-12-17 US US14/972,349 patent/US9926637B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102187749A (zh) * | 2008-10-21 | 2011-09-14 | 埃托特克德国有限公司 | 用于在衬底上形成焊料沉积物的方法 |
EP2221396A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-08-25 | Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLC | Lead-Free Tin Alloy Electroplating Compositions and Methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9926637B2 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
TWI593831B (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
EP2749672A2 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
EP2749672A3 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
EP2749672B1 (en) | 2022-03-09 |
KR20140085369A (ko) | 2014-07-07 |
JP6133056B2 (ja) | 2017-05-24 |
TW201439383A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
CN103898570A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
US20160102413A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
US20140183050A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
KR102220798B1 (ko) | 2021-02-25 |
JP2014125662A (ja) | 2014-07-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103898570B (zh) | 锡或锡合金电镀液 | |
JP4758614B2 (ja) | 電気めっき組成物および方法 | |
US7968444B2 (en) | Lead-free tin alloy electroplating compositions and methods | |
CN105492661B (zh) | 银和锡合金的电镀浴 | |
CN105308218B (zh) | 锡或锡合金用电镀液及其用途 | |
JP2017155296A (ja) | めっき液 | |
EP3560304B1 (en) | Method of forming a solderable solder deposit on a contact pad | |
JP2013093360A (ja) | 半導体チップ搭載用基板及びその製造方法 | |
JP7557627B2 (ja) | 錫-銀めっき液及びそれを用いた錫-銀はんだバンプの形成方法 | |
JP2019014926A (ja) | ニッケルめっき液及びマイクロバンプの製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: Massachusetts, USA Patentee after: DuPont Electronic Materials International LLC Country or region after: U.S.A. Address before: Massachusetts, USA Patentee before: ROHM AND HAAS ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, LLC Country or region before: U.S.A. |