CN103896402B - Aeration reinforcing type wet land type rice straw ecological floating bed device and application - Google Patents

Abstract

Aeration enhanced wetland rice straw substrate ecological floating bed device and its application, aeration enhanced wetland rice straw substrate ecological floating bed device, including wetland tank, aerator, perforated tube aeration device, straw substrate, large aquatic plants, wire mesh and The floating body, wherein, the top of the wetland tank is open, the bottom surface is provided with water holes, the perforated tube aeration device is laid on the bottom of the wetland tank and connected to the aerator, the straw substrate is laid flat on the perforated tube aeration device, and the large aquatic The plants are evenly planted in the straw substrate, the wire mesh is covered on the straw substrate, the floating body is installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank, and the side wall of the wetland tank is sequentially divided into the first water passing area, the non-water passing area and the second water passing area from top to bottom ; The straw substrate is rice straw. The invention has a reasonable structure, effectively improves the exchange frequency between the ecological floating bed system and the water body to be repaired, and the interception effect of the floating bed on the particles and algae in the water body, and has excellent denitrification effect on the nutrient-rich water body.

Description

Aeration enhanced wetland rice straw substrate ecological floating bed device and its application

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of eutrophic water restoration devices and applications, and in particular relates to an aeration-enhanced wetland straw matrix ecological floating bed device and its application.

Background technique

Due to the rapid increase in population, the development of industrialization and the acceleration of urbanization, some rivers flowing through cities and lakes around cities are showing eutrophication or super eutrophication. Statistics show that more than 66% and 22% of rivers, lakes and reservoirs in China have shown eutrophication and super eutrophication, and there is no improvement trend at present. These adverse consequences of water quality deterioration: ① ecological damage and degradation; ② serious challenges to drinking water and industrial water; ③ increased social conflicts, etc. Moreover, the main forms of nitrogen pollutants in these eutrophic water bodies are ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, among which ammonia nitrogen can be converted into nitrate nitrogen through the nitrification process by improving the oxygen-enriched state of the water body. The transformation of nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen must meet two necessary conditions: ① anaerobic environment; ② denitrifying carbon source. ② Denitrification carbon source is one of the limiting factors for nitrate nitrogen denitrification. In order to prevent the eutrophication of water bodies, from the 1980s to the 1990s, my country carried out pollution control and legislation from point sources and non-point sources, as well as systematic methods such as dredging the sediment of eutrophic water bodies and planting large aquatic plants.

Water environmental pollution remediation experts have developed many in-situ and ex-situ water environmental pollution remediation and improvement methods and processes based on the principles of ecology and environmental science and cost considerations. Among them, the ecological floating bed is an important category, and has received a lot of research and engineering applications.

It is worth noting that the traditional ecological floating beds use the assimilation of large aquatic plants, the adsorption of the roots immersed in water and suspended in the water, the adsorption of microbial films on the surface of stems and leaves, and the oxidative decomposition to achieve denitrification, etc., but only use large aquatic plants There are certain limitations in the role of nitrogen removal: ① Due to the limited biomass, the denitrification process is slow; ② There are few plant species that are suitable for growth and have a certain denitrification effect under low temperature conditions; ③ The assimilation and absorption of nitrogen pollutants by plants is not rapid. Harvesting will cause secondary pollution; ④The root system suspended in the water often cannot obtain sufficient trace elements to make it grow poorly and affect the assimilation effect; and the root system is often destroyed by fish and so on. After decades of development and application, ecological floating beds have been greatly developed and updated. For the ecological floating bed, Professor Li Xianning of Southeast University used the biological chain adding ring technology to improve the stability of the system, increase the biomass in the system, and improve the purification and restoration effect of the system. The method is: filter-feeding fish, shellfish and artificial Synthetic fillers are introduced into the ecological floating bed system to form a composite ecological floating bed, which strengthens the denitrification effect of the ecological floating bed to a certain extent. Professor Sun Lianpeng from Sun Yat-Sen University also enhanced the denitrification effect of the ecological floating bed to a certain extent by strengthening the biological denitrification bacteria (immobilization technology), which provided a good support for the enhancement of the denitrification effect of the ecological floating bed. But there are also certain problems. At present, various technologies are focused on how to increase the biological holding capacity in the ecological floating bed system to improve the purification effect of the ecological floating bed. Although increasing the biomass can improve the "ecological field" in the ecological floating bed to a certain extent. Strength and purification effect of ecological floating bed. However, it is undeniable that the lack of carbon sources in surface water is also one of the main reasons for the poor denitrification effect of the ecological floating bed system. It is undoubtedly extremely valuable if the artificial regulation of the ecological floating bed denitrification system can be solved from the two aspects of biomass enhancement and carbon source shortage.

By supplementing artificial synthetic fillers (combined fillers, elastic three-dimensional fillers) to increase the biological holding capacity in the ecological floating bed to improve the denitrification effect of the ecological floating bed system, there are actually certain defects, because the eutrophic water body in the surface water is compared with the domestic sewage. , High-concentration industrial wastewater, its concentration is still low. Synthetic fillers are artificially synthesized, so their biological affinity and hydrophilicity are poor. In addition, they are used to repair surface water bodies with low concentrations, so there may be biological substances when artificial synthetic fillers restore eutrophic water bodies Membrane formation is difficult, and the amount of biofilm is small. It is also worth studying to choose some fillers that are easy to form films in eutrophic water bodies to improve the restoration effect of ecological floating beds. In addition, for the situation where the denitrification effect of the water body is not good due to the lack of carbon sources, supplementing carbon sources is the only way to improve the denitrification of the water body, but adding some liquid carbon sources (such as: methanol, glucose, etc.) is almost impossible for large-scale eutrophic lakes. Engineering and application not only have the risk of secondary pollution, but also the amount of replenishment cannot be calculated. Based on the "solid phase nitrification" technology in recent years, the solid-phase carbon source, which has been widely used, can be used not only as a carbon source, but also as a solid interface, so it can also be used as a biological carrier. The surface of these solid-phase carbon sources can form a large number of denitrifying microorganisms with complex populations for biological denitrification. At the same time, under the conditions of natural screening, microorganisms that can decompose these carbon sources can be formed on the surface of these solid-phase carbon sources. These complex carbon sources are decomposed into low-molecular simple organic matter (electron donors) required by the biological denitrification process to realize the double layer action of biological denitrification and biological carrier. Among these solid-phase carbon sources, natural cellulose is widely used because of its wide source, low price, and no secondary pollution.

Based on the above ideas, the principle of "solid-phase nitrification" is moved into the "combined ecological floating bed". The advantages are: (1) The solid-phase carbon source embeds the plant root system in it and serves as a plant growth medium, improving the quality of plant growth. The environment and effect are equivalent to improving the assimilation and protecting the root growth of plants; (2) as long as it can be used as a solid carbon source material, it can also be used by microorganisms, and its biological affinity and hydrophilicity are good. The formation effect and biomass of the membrane will be significantly better than the synthetic polymer fillers used in the current combined ecological floating bed, which will help strengthen the field strength and ecological restoration effect of the "ecological field" of the ecological floating bed; (3) The solid carbon source can According to the "on-demand supply" of the carbon source required in the biological denitrification process, the rate of carbon source supply is adjusted, and there will be no secondary pollution problem. And it's cheap. At present, there is no relevant research reported in the literature, and it has a good research prospect.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem to be solved: the present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an aeration-enhanced wetland rice straw matrix ecological floating bed device and its application.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

The aeration-enhanced wetland straw substrate ecological floating bed device includes a wetland tank, an aerator, a perforated tube aeration device, a straw substrate, large aquatic plants, silk screens and floating bodies, wherein the top of the wetland tank is open, and the bottom surface is set There are water holes, the perforated tube aeration device is laid on the bottom of the wetland tank and connected to the aerator, the straw substrate is laid flat on the perforated tube aeration device, large aquatic plants are evenly planted in the straw substrate, and the wire mesh is covered on the straw substrate Above, the floating body is installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank, and the side wall of the wetland tank from top to bottom is the first water passing area, the non-water passing area and the second water passing area; the straw substrate is rice straw.

The wetland trough is a cylindrical or cuboid plastic basket with a height of ≥ 30 cm. Water holes are arranged in the water passage area of the side wall of the basket. The diameter of the water passage holes at the bottom of the basket and the water passage area is smaller than the diameter of the straw straw.

The height of the first water-passing area is 5 cm, the height of the non-water-passing area is 20 cm, and the height of the second water-passing area is 5 cm.

The straw matrix is cut into 2-3cm segments, and the straw segments are continuously soaked in 5%-10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 10-15 days, and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is replaced every day. Repeatedly wash 3-5 times with tap water or distilled water, then air-dry, dry in the air, or dry in a blast drying oven with a temperature not exceeding 60°C, and spread the small pieces of rice straw in a single layer. Under the distance of 10-15cm from the ultraviolet lamp, carry out ultraviolet irradiation for 15-40min.

The large aquatic plants are emergent plants.

The emergent plants are canna, calamus, water bamboo, cress or water spinach.

The application of the aeration-enhanced wetland-type straw substrate ecological floating bed device in restoring nutrient-rich water bodies.

The aeration type wetland type rice straw substrate ecological floating bed provided by the present invention rationally combines ecological floating bed, biological contact oxidation, solid phase nitrification and artificial wetland technology, so that the biological reaction in the microbial film on the surface of the straw substrate and the surface of the plant root system Nitrifying bacteria can convert nitrate into nitrogen, and the microorganisms on the surface of straw substrate are also conducive to the conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrate under oxygenated conditions. In addition, cellulolytic bacteria are easily formed on the surface of straw substrate, which can decompose straw substrate into biological denitrification Bacteria provide carbon source (electron donor).

Beneficial effect

First, the structure of the ecological floating bed of the present invention is reasonable, which effectively improves the exchange frequency between the ecological floating bed system and the water body to be repaired and the interception effect of the floating bed on the particles and algae in the water body, which is beneficial to the purification of the water body; in addition, the surface of the straw substrate is easy to form thicker Biofilm, thicker biofilm provides aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic membrane structures, which is conducive to the realization of nitrification-denitrification, and the anaerobic membrane structure is conducive to the conversion of residual organic matter in the water to be repaired into low molecular weight Organic matter, the converted low-molecular organic matter can be used for biological denitrification, so the ecological floating bed of the present invention has an excellent denitrification effect on eutrophic water bodies;

Second, the layout of the large aquatic plants in the ecological floating bed of the present invention is reasonable and the growth condition is good in the process of purifying the water body, which can not only beautify the environment, but also effectively improve the degradation effect of the entire floating bed system on the nutrient-rich water body;

Third, based on the technical principle of "solid phase nitrification" and the idea of "ringing" the ecological floating bed and the concept of the "ecological field" of the ecological floating bed, considering that the mass burning of rice straw is one of the main factors of "smog" in the central, eastern and northeastern parts of China 1. Cut the straw straw into small pieces of a certain length, soak it in tap water for 10-15 days before use, and change the water once a day to remove the water-soluble substances in the straw tissue and prevent it from being released in large quantities and pollute the water body to be repaired; The pretreated rice straw segments are added to the plastic baskets installed with floating bodies as plant growth substrates. The advantages are: (1) Rice straw is a common natural cellulose material. Like other cellulose materials, it can be used in the denitrification process. It is a good choice to release the carbon source in the medium, and as a solid interface of natural materials, the effect of forming biofilm on the surface and the quantity of biofilm are well guaranteed; (2) Various trace elements absorbed during the growth of rice straw It can be gradually released in the process of using rice straw as a substrate, which can improve the growth effect of traditional plants and meet their needs for trace elements; (3) The resource utilization of rice straw is a hot issue in research at home and abroad. The resource utilization of rice straw It can reduce the possibility of straw burning, and can also provide a reference for the resource utilization of other agricultural waste straws.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an aeration-enhanced wetland rice straw substrate ecological floating bed, in which, 1-wetland tank, 2-aerator, 3-perforated tube aeration device, 4-straw substrate, 5-large aquatic plants, 6-silk Net, 7-floating body, 8-first water passing area, 9-second water passing area.

detailed description

A plastic basket with a large number of small holes around the bottom and an open top, the size of the small holes on the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area on the side wall of the basket is smaller than the diameter of the straw to prevent the straw from floating out of the small holes. The perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket to supply oxygen; then, the pretreated rice straw segments are spread on the bottom of the basket with a thickness of 3-5cm, and then the roots of large aquatic plants cultivated by aeration are placed on the bottom of the basket. On top of the small section of rice straw, and use other pretreated small sections of rice straw to bury all the roots. The depth of burying should not be less than 30cm thick. The planting distance of large aquatic plants can be determined according to the lushness of branches and leaves of large aquatic plants; Cover to prevent small pieces of rice straw from floating out from the top, install an appropriate number of floating bodies, and connect the aeration device at the bottom of the basket to the external air supply device. In the present invention, the surface of the straw matrix inside the wetland trough and the surface of the root system of large aquatic plants are naturally brushed to form a heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, supplemented by nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic organic matter removal bacteria, and a variety of bacterial species coexist. Environment: The large-scale aquatic plants described in the present invention are purchased from the market. In order to improve the richness and root length of the plant roots, the large-scale aquatic plants are placed in clear water for hydroponics, and aeration is performed with a sand core aerator. Among them, the large aquatic plants can be canna, calamus, water bamboo, cress or water spinach, and the height of the wetland tank is not less than 30cm. Wetland tanks of different heights can be selected according to different water conditions.

The invention lifts the water through the water pump, and under the aeration of the perforated pipe at the bottom of the wetland tank, the water body to be repaired forms an upward flow and a downward flow inside and outside the wetland tank, and through the oxidation of the aquatic plant root system and the biofilm on the surface of the straw matrix, dense Root system, straw matrix interception, rice straw matrix decomposed as a carbon source and assimilation of well-growing plants.

Example 1: Restoration of slightly eutrophic water body

Cut the straw stalks into 2-3cm pieces, and soak the straw pieces in 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution continuously for 15 days, replace the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution every day, and wash them repeatedly with tap water or distilled water for 3-5 times after soaking After drying, pave the small sections of rice straw in a single layer, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light within 10cm of the ultraviolet lamp for 40min under the ultraviolet light of 240nm wavelength to obtain the straw matrix; take a cylindrical or cuboid plastic basket, the height of the basket is 40cm, and the side wall of the basket is free. From top to bottom, there are 10cm-high water-passing area, 20cm-high non-water-passing area and 10cm-high water-passing area. There are water holes at the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area. The diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the straw straw to prevent the straw from The straw floats out of the hole, and the perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket and connected to the aerator. The aerator is located outside the plastic basket, and then the treated straw substrate is spread on the perforated tube aeration device. , the cannas that have been hydroponically grown for 10 days were evenly planted in the straw substrate with a row spacing of 8 cm, the wire mesh was covered on the straw substrate, the floating body was installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank, and then oxygenated and aerated.

Put the floating bed into the water body to be repaired, and naturally hang the film in the water body to be repaired. After 40 days of cultivation, the biofilm will form. The surface of the straw substrate and the root system in the system will form a stable biofilm, and then cooperate with large aquatic plants that grow well. And enter the experimental stage; when the coverage rate is 35%, the water exchange time is 7 days, and the water temperature is 4.5°C, the influent total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and chlorophyll a are respectively 1.89mg.L ^{- 1} , 0.65mg.L ^-1 , 0.09mg.L ^-1 , 0.73mg.L ^-1 , 55.8mg.L ^-1 , the effluent water quality is 0.35mg.L ^-1 , 0.09mg.L ^-1 , 0mg. L ^-1 , 0.18mg.L ^-1 , 0mg.L ^-1 ; dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH increased from 4.67mg.L ^-1 , 7.45 to 7.88mg.L ^-1 , 8.13, respectively. Among them, the canna can survive this process very well and will not wither and die.

Example 2: Remediation of slightly eutrophic water bodies

Cut the straw into 2-3cm pieces, and soak the straw pieces in 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution continuously for 10 days, replace the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution every day, and wash it repeatedly with tap water or distilled water for 3-5 times after soaking After drying, pave the small pieces of rice straw in a single layer, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light within 15cm of the ultraviolet lamp for 15min under the ultraviolet light of 270nm wavelength to obtain the straw matrix; take a cylindrical or rectangular plastic basket, the height of which is 30cm, and the side wall of the basket is free From top to bottom, there are 5cm-high water-passing area, 20cm-high non-water-passing area and 5cm-high water-passing area. There are water holes at the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area. The diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the straw straw to prevent the straw from The straw floats out of the hole, and the perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket and connected to the aerator. The aerator is located outside the plastic basket, and then the treated straw substrate is spread on the perforated tube aeration device. , the cannas that have been aerated for 15 days are evenly planted in the straw substrate with a row spacing of 12 cm, the wire mesh is covered on the straw substrate, the floating body is installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank, and then oxygenated and aerated.

Put the floating bed into the water body to be repaired, and naturally hang the film in the water body to be repaired. After 40 days of cultivation, the biofilm will form. The surface of the straw substrate and the root system in the system will form a stable biofilm, and then cooperate with large aquatic plants that grow well. And enter the experimental stage; when the coverage rate is 40%, the water exchange time is 5 days, and the water temperature is 11.3°C, the influent total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and chlorophyll a are respectively 2.45mg.L ^{- 1} , 1.12mg.L ^-1 , 0.23mg.L ^-1 , 0.98mg.L ^-1 , 390.6mg.L ^-1 , the effluent water quality is 0.55mg.L ^-1 , 0.14mg.L ^-1 , 0.09mg .L ^-1 , 0.31mg.L ^-1 , 41.85mg.L ^-1 ; dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH value increased from 6.52mg.L ^-1 , 7.89 to 8.76mg.L ^-1 , 9.99 respectively. Among them, the canna can survive this process very well and will not wither and die.

Example 3: Restoration of slightly eutrophic water bodies

Cut the rice straw into 2-3cm small pieces, and soak the small pieces of rice straw in 8% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 12 days, replace the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution every day, and wash it repeatedly with tap water or distilled water for 3-5 times after soaking After drying, pave the small pieces of rice straw in a single layer, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light within 12cm of the ultraviolet light for 30 minutes under the ultraviolet light of 260nm wavelength to obtain the straw matrix; take a cylindrical or rectangular plastic basket, the basket height is 30cm, and the side wall of the basket is free From top to bottom, there are 5cm-high water-passing area, 20cm-high non-water-passing area and 5cm-high water-passing area. There are water holes at the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area. The diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the straw straw to prevent the straw from The straw floats out of the hole, and the perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket and connected to the aerator. The aerator is located outside the plastic basket, and then the treated straw substrate is spread on the perforated tube aeration device. , the cannas that have been aerated and hydroponically grown for 12 days are evenly planted in the straw substrate with a row spacing of 10 cm, the wire mesh is covered on the straw substrate, the floating body is installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank, and then oxygenated and aerated.

Put the floating bed into the water body to be repaired, and naturally hang the film in the water body to be repaired. After 40 days of cultivation, the biofilm will form. The surface of the straw substrate and the root system in the system will form a stable biofilm, and then cooperate with large aquatic plants that grow well. And enter the experimental stage; when the coverage rate is 38%, the water body exchange time is 6 days, and the water temperature is 11.3°C, the influent total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and chlorophyll a are respectively 2.15mg.L ^{- 1} , 0.95mg.L ^-1 , 0.14mg.L ^-1 , 0.86mg.L ^-1 , 190.6mg.L ^-1 , the effluent water quality is 0.45mg.L ^-1 , 0.12mg.L ^-1 , 0.06mg .L ^-1 , 0.27mg.L ^-1 , 31.85mg.L ^-1 ; dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH value increased from 5.52mg.L ^-1 , 7.69 to 8.46mg.L ^-1 , 9.39 respectively. Among them, the canna can survive this process very well and will not wither and die.

Embodiment 4: Restoration of super-eutrophic water body

Cut the rice straw into 2-3cm small pieces, and soak the small pieces of rice straw in 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 15 days, replace the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution every day, and wash it repeatedly with tap water or distilled water for 3-5 times after soaking After drying, pave the small pieces of rice straw in a single layer, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light within 12cm of the ultraviolet lamp for 30min under the ultraviolet light of 260nm wavelength to obtain the straw matrix; take a cylindrical or rectangular plastic basket, the height of the basket is 60cm, and the side wall of the basket is free. From top to bottom, there are 15cm-high water-passing area, 30cm-high non-water-passing area and 15cm-high water-passing area. There are water holes at the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area. The diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the straw straw to prevent the straw from The straw floats out of the hole, and the perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket and connected to the aerator. The aerator is located outside the plastic basket, and then the treated straw substrate is spread on the perforated tube aeration device. , the canna and calamus cultivated by aeration hydroponics for 10 days were evenly planted in the straw substrate at intervals of 10 cm, the wire mesh was covered on the straw substrate, and the floating body was installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank.

Put the floating bed into the biofilm culture tank containing the water body to be repaired, aerate and aerate, and a stable biofilm can be formed on the surface of the straw substrate in 22 days, and the plants grow well. Under the cultivation time, the surface of the straw substrate and the The root system formed a stable biofilm, and canna and calamus grew well. When the coverage rate was 40%, the water exchange time was 2 days, and the water temperature was 15°C, the influent total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen were 12 mg.L ^-1 , 7mg.L ^-1 , 5mg.L ^-1 ; effluent water quality were 0.85mg.L ^-1 , 0.2mg.L ^-1 , 0.07mg.L ^-1 , effluent nitrite concentration 0.04mg.L ^-1 . At the same time, the average daily growth rate of canna was 1.47cm.d ^-1 , and that of calamus reached 1.25cm.d ^-1 .

Embodiment 5: Restoration of super-eutrophic water body

Cut the straw stalks into 2-3cm sections, and soak the straw sections in 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution continuously for 10-15 days, replace the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution every day, and wash them repeatedly with tap water or distilled water after soaking for 3 -5 times, after drying, pave the small sections of rice straw in a single layer, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light for 40 minutes under the ultraviolet light of 270nm wavelength within 10cm of the ultraviolet light to obtain the straw matrix; take a cylindrical or cuboid plastic basket with a height of 30cm. From top to bottom, the side wall consists of a 5cm-high water-passing area, a 20cm-high non-water-passing area, and a 5cm-high water-passing area. Water holes are arranged on the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area. The diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the straw. In order to prevent the straw from floating out of the hole, the perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket and connected to the aerator. The aerator is located outside the plastic basket. On the aeration device, the canna and calamus cultivated by aeration hydroponics for 15 days were evenly planted in the straw substrate at a distance of 15 cm. The silk screen was covered on the straw substrate, and the floating body was installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank.

Put the floating bed into the biofilm culture tank containing the water body to be repaired, aerate and aerate, and a stable biofilm can be formed on the surface of the straw substrate in 28 days, and the plants grow well. During the cultivation time, the surface of the straw substrate and the The root system formed a stable biofilm, and canna and calamus grew well. When the coverage rate was 45%, the water body exchange time was 4 days, and the water temperature was 25°C, the influent total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen were 17 mg.L ^-1 , 11mg.L ^-1 , 6mg.L ^-1 ; effluent water quality were 1.25mg.L ^-1 , 0.56mg.L ^-1 , 0.11mg.L ^-1 , effluent nitrite concentration 0.09mg.L ^-1 . At the same time, the average daily growth rate of canna was 2.31 cm.d ^-1 , and that of calamus reached 1.75 cm.d ^-1 .

Embodiment 6: Restoration of super-eutrophic water body

Cut the straw stalks into 2-3cm small sections, and soak the small pieces of straw in 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution continuously for 10-15 days, replace the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution every day, and wash repeatedly with tap water or distilled water for 3- 5 times, after drying, spread the small pieces of rice straw in a single layer, and then irradiate with ultraviolet light within 10cm of the ultraviolet lamp at a wavelength of 270nm for 15min to obtain the straw matrix; take a cylindrical or cuboid plastic basket with a height of 30cm, and From top to bottom, the wall consists of a 5cm-high water-passing area, a 20cm-high non-water-passing area, and a 5cm-high water-passing area. Water holes are arranged at the bottom of the basket and the water-passing area. To prevent the straw from floating out of the hole, the perforated tube aeration device is evenly laid on the bottom of the plastic basket and connected to the aerator. The aerator is located outside the plastic basket, and then the treated straw substrate is spread on the perforated tube for aeration. On the device, canna and calamus cultivated by aeration and hydroponics for 12 days are evenly planted in the straw substrate with a spacing of 12cm. The wire mesh is covered on the straw substrate, and the floating body is installed on the top of the side wall of the wetland tank.

Put the floating bed into the biofilm culture tank containing the water body to be repaired, aerate and aerate, and a stable biofilm can be formed on the surface of the straw substrate in 25 days, and the plants grow well. Under the cultivation time, the surface of the straw substrate and the The root system formed a stable biofilm, and canna and calamus grew well. When the coverage rate was 44%, the water exchange time was 3 days, and the water temperature was 20°C, the influent total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen were 16 mg.L ^-1 , 9mg.L ^-1 , 5mg.L ^-1 ; effluent water quality were 1.05mg.L ^-1 , 0.36mg.L ^-1 , 0.09mg.L ^-1 , effluent nitrite concentration 0.06mg.L ^-1 . At the same time, the average daily growth rate of canna was 1.98cm.d ^-1 , and that of calamus reached 1.45cm.d ^-1 .

Claims (5)

1. aeration reinforcing type wet land type rice straw ecological floating bed device, is characterized in that, comprise wetland groove (1),Aerator (2), perforated pipe aeration apparatus (3), rice straw (4), aquatic macrophyte (5), silk screenAnd buoyancy aid (7) (6), wherein, described wetland groove (1) top is uncovered, and bottom surface is provided with water hole, perforationTube aeration device (3) is layed in wetland groove (1) bottom and is connected rice straw (4) with aerator (2)Be laid in perforated pipe aeration apparatus (3) upper, aquatic macrophyte (5) is evenly planted in rice straw (4)In, it is upper that silk screen (6) covers rice straw (4), and buoyancy aid (7) is installed on wetland groove (1) sidewall topPortion, wetland groove (1) sidewall is followed successively by first from top to bottom and crosses aqua region (8) but aqua region and the second mistakeAqua region (9); Described rice straw (4) is rice straw; Described wetland groove (1) is cylinder or lengthSide's body plastic basket inner, basket height >=30cm, the aqua region of crossing of basket sidewall is furnished with water hole, the basket end and cross poolThe diameter of the water hole in territory is less than the diameter of rice straw; Described rice straw (4) is that rice straw is cut intoThe segment of 2-3cm, and be 5%-10% sodium hydrate aqueous solution continuous dipping by straw segment mass concentration10-15 days, changes sodium hydrate aqueous solution every day, has soaked repeatedly to clean 3-5 with running water or distilled water afterwardsInferior, after being dried, rice straw segment individual layer is tiled, distance purple under the ultraviolet light of 240-270nm wavelengthIn outer lamp 10-15cm, carry out ultraviolet irradiation 15-40min.

2. aeration reinforcing type wet land type rice straw ecological floating bed device according to claim 1, its featureBe, described first to cross aqua region (8) be highly 5cm but aqua region height is 20cm, the second mistakeAqua region (9) is highly 5cm.

3. aeration reinforcing type wet land type rice straw ecological floating bed device according to claim 1, its featureBe, described aquatic macrophyte (5) is emergent aquactic plant.

4. aeration reinforcing type wet land type rice straw ecological floating bed device according to claim 3, its featureBe, described emergent aquactic plant is canna, calamus, fishscale bamboo, Chinese celery or water spinach.

5. aeration reinforcing type wet land type rice straw ecological floating bed device as claimed in claim 1 is being repaired richnessApplication in nutrition water body.