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CN1038949C - 处理金属基质的磷酸盐水涂液及其浓缩液组合物及处理方法 - Google Patents

处理金属基质的磷酸盐水涂液及其浓缩液组合物及处理方法 Download PDF

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CN1038949C
CN1038949C CN92108858A CN92108858A CN1038949C CN 1038949 C CN1038949 C CN 1038949C CN 92108858 A CN92108858 A CN 92108858A CN 92108858 A CN92108858 A CN 92108858A CN 1038949 C CN1038949 C CN 1038949C
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M·L·辛克斯基
G·J·科米尔
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08Orthophosphates
    • C23C22/18Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
    • C23C22/182Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations
    • C23C22/184Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations containing also nickel cations
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    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/34Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
    • C23C22/36Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
    • C23C22/364Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also manganese cations
    • C23C22/365Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also manganese cations containing also zinc and nickel cations

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Abstract

公开了一种用于金属表面的磷酸盐水涂液及其浓缩液组合物及用该水涂液处理金属表面的方法。该水涂液中锌离子与磷酸根离子的比值为1∶10-25;锌与锰和镍之和的比值为1∶0.5-1.5;锰与镍的比值为1∶约0.5-1.5,并含有约0.1-0.25%(重量)的羟基胺促进剂。

Description

处理金属基质的磷酸盐水涂液及其浓缩液组合物及处理方法
本发明涉及用于金属表面的磷酸锌转化涂料及用酸性磷酸锌水溶液磷化金属表面的方法。本发明适用于多种基质,包括冷轧钢(CRS)、锌合金和铝等。
目前,磷酸盐涂液都是磷酸与其它化学物质的稀水溶液,该溶液施用于金属表面时同金属表面起反应在金属表面上形成基本不溶性的且无定形或结晶的完整层磷酸盐涂层。一般优选结晶的涂层。
典型的溶液都包括有磷酸根离子、锌及其它金属离子,以提供最终涂层所要求的特性。通常,存在的其它离子包括硝酸根、亚硝酸根氯酸根、氟硼酸根或氟硅酸根离子。典型的磷化方法包括下列步骤:
1.清洁处理和精整;
2.磷化;
3.后处理。
一般在每一道工序之间进行漂洗,防止带有杂质进入下一工序。
尽管在磷酸盐涂液配方及磷化方法上都有改进,但长期来对其配方及工艺上仍有进一步的改善的要求,以提供对整个工艺更好的控制形成适当的涂布重量、减少起皮和白点的形成,并减少环境影响和对安全不放心。
U,S,4,838,957介绍了一种便用含有锌离子、磷酸根离子、锰离子、氟化物离子和磷化促进剂的磷酸盐水溶液的锌磷化方法。该促进剂可以是一种或多种(a)硝酸根离子,(b)亚硝酸根离子,(c)过氧化氢,(d)间硝基苯磺酸盐离子,(e)间硝基苯甲酸盐离子或(f)对硝基苯酚。其中指出镍是一种随意选用的成份。文中未讨论涂料的结构,该涂料主要是片晶结构。
U、S、4,865,653介绍了磷酸盐涂液,其中使用的促进剂是硫酸胲(HAS),使用该盐是为了在很宽的锌浓度范围内将最终涂层的结构由片晶转变为柱状和/或瘤状结构。镍和锰虽然一般视为附加的离子,但在专利或其它实施例中都未述及具体用量。该专利还介绍了许多其它专利,包括U、S、2,743,204和2,298,280,它们都涉及含有硫酸胲的磷酸锌溶液以及不同的氧化剂。
U、S、4,793,867介绍了一种涂料组合物,含有锌和另一种二价阴离子,如镁或镍,以及非涂料一价阳离子如钠或钾,用以改善施涂在涂锌基质上的转化涂料的碱溶解度。HAS在文中作为除去加入含锰碱时可能出现的不希望的沉淀物之用。U、S4,793,867所引述的三份美国专利为U、S、4,389,260;4,486,241和4,612,060。这些专利涉及含镍和/或锰的锌磷化溶液。
在本说明书中,除实施例或另有说明者外,所有叙述成分的量或反应条件的数字均应理解为冠以“约”字予以修饰。
如上文所述的U、S、4,865,653所述,现已发现某些使用硫酸胲(HAS)作促进剂的含镍和锰的磷酸锌组合物能制成多晶涂料,并保持了使用锰和镍的优点以及具有HAS的促进性能,而不改变片晶或针状晶的结构。以HAS为促进剂的本发明锌—磷化混合物可在多种基质(包括亚铁合金、锌合金和铝及其合金)上于约37.8-65.6℃(优选46.1-54.4℃)范围内的所需温度下制成满意均一的以锰和镍改性的灰色磷酸锌涂层。该涂料即可喷涂又可浸涂。该硫酸胲即可加至配好料的混合物中,也可加到需再配料的混合物中,视需要而定,而无需常规或辅助的不适用的促进剂(如亚硝酸盐)。
本发明除了提供满意的综合效益,且无现有技术所涉及的那么多缺陷之外,还提供了改进的低温工艺均一性,减少了环境影响及便用亚硝酸盐所产生的安全问题。该多晶涂料在其涂层中含有锌、锰和镍,在二价铁表面上,涂料中含有铁。
本发明是有关一种直接配制或浓缩的组合物,该组合物可随后用水稀释为适于喷涂或浸涂的酸性水涂液。该涂液一般含有重量浓度如下所示的物质:
PO4离子              0.5-2.5%
Zn离子                0.05-0.2%
Ni离子                0.02-0.15%
Mn离子                0.02-0.15%
HAS(羟基胺促进剂)     0.1-0.25%
NO3离子              0-0.2%
F离子                 0-0.15%
当以每升涂液含48克浓缩液的比例用水稀释该含有上述物质含量的浓缩液时,即可配成上述涂液。同样可配制该浓缩液,提供含量如下的涂液:
(a)约0.5-2克/升锌离子,优选0.8-1.2克/升;
(b)约5-约25克/升磷酸根离子,优选10-15克/升;
(c)约0.2-1.5克/升锰离子,优选0.5-1克/升;
(d)约0.2-1.5克/升镍离子,优选0.5-1克/升;
(e)约1-2.5克/升羟基胺促进剂,优选1.5-1.75克/升;
(f)总量0-约1.5克/升氟化物离子,优选400-600ppm含量的游离氟化物;
(g)0-约2克/升硝酸根离子。
在该磷化液中,锌离子与磷酸根离子的重量比优选为1:约10-25,锌与锰和镍之和的重量比优选为1∶0.5-1.5,锰与镍之比优选为1∶1,为1∶0.5-1.5均可。
在本发明的磷化液中,该溶液的总酸度应为约15-25,优选为约17-21,典型的为约19-20,游离酸度为约0.5-1.0,优选为约0.6-0.9,为约0.7-0.8更佳。本文的酸度以点数来表示,其中所述“点数”的含意是将10毫升试样分别滴定至PH值为8.2和3.8时所需的0.1N氢氧化钠的毫升数,以此分别表示总酸度和游离酸度,总酸度滴定指示剂为酚酞指示剂,游离酸度为溴酚蓝指示剂。
本发明磷化液各组分的来源包括下列物质:锌离子源为,氧化锌碳酸锌、硝酸锌等;磷酸根离子源为:磷酸、磷酸锌、磷酸氢锌、磷酸二氢锌、磷酸锰、磷酸氢锰、磷酸二氢锰等;锰离子源为:氧化锰、碳酸锰、硝酸锰、上述的磷酸锰盐等;镍离子源为:氧化镍、硝酸镍、碳酸镍等;氟化物离子源为:氢氟酸、氟硼酸、氟硅酸、氟钛酸及其金属盐(如锌盐、镍盐)等;硝酸根离子源为:硝酸、硝酸镍等。
羟基胺是促进剂,且在本发明中,可在浓缩液稀释成涂液之前将其加在浓缩液中。可由任何常规来源,以任何适宜形式加入羟基胺。本文所用术语“羟基胺剂”的含意是指任何提供羟基胺或其衍生物如羟基胺盐或配合物的化合物。适宜的例子包括羟基胺磷酸盐、硝酸盐、硫酸盐或它们的混合物。更优选的羟基胺剂或来源是硫酸胲(HAS),它是羟基胺的一种稳定形状,在涂液中的用量为约0.1%-约0.25%(重量),优选在浓缩液中的用量为约0.17%(重量)
如上所述,根据本发明进行处理的金属表面包括铁基表面、锌基表面、铝基表面及它们各自的合金表面。这些金属表面即可单独处理,又可联合处理。当在同时包括铁基表面和锌基表面的金属表面上进行处理时,如在汽车车体上进行处理时,本发明的优点将得到最突出的展现。
在本发明改进的磷化步骤前后一般还要进行其它步骤。应该设法使零件、工件或其它待涂饰的制品看上去基本元油脂、无灰或其它附带物。最好用本技术领域普通技术人员已知的常规清洁工艺及材料来实现此要求。其中包括例如用中等或强碱性清洁剂、酸性清洗剂等。使用这类清洗剂清洁之后,再用水漂洗。
还优选在清洁处理步聚之后或作为清洁处理的一部分,使用一种精整步骤。技术上已知的精整液一般为浓缩钛化合物,优选为浓缩磷酸盐。
在施用本发明的组合物形成涂层之后,最好用水漂洗涂过的制品,并予以干燥。干燥可通过简单的环境空气干燥来完成,也可便用高温鼓风进行干燥。涂布步骤中,温度优选保持在约46.1-54.4℃下,有时所用温度可以高达65.6℃。在低温条件下,一般就需要较长的时间来制成均一的涂层。可按浸渍或喷涂工艺或相互结合的工艺进行施涂。处理时间可在30-180秒内变化,视施涂温度和方法而定。
下面借助实施例进一步说明本发明的最佳实施方案,但不意味着限制本发明,降另外说明者,其中所有份数及百分比均以重量计。
实施例1:
本实施例以下列物质用量制备浓缩液:
物质                          重量份
*                          368.5
H3PO4(75%)                 390.0
HNO3(1.41克/立方厘米)        5.0
硫酸胲                        35.0
MnO                           13.5
ZnO                           26.0
Ni(NO3)2(30%溶液)         75.0
H2SiF6(25%)               80.0
HF(70%)                      7.0
                           合计1000.0
*注:初始加331份水,最后加至37.5份配成1000,重量份浓缩液。
将浓缩液稀释至在水中的浓度为6%(W/V)的溶液时,其游离酸值(FA)为约15点,总酸值(TA)为约42点。锰离子与镍离子的比值为1∶1,镍离子与锰和镍离子之和的比值为1∶1,锌离子与磷酸根离子之比为1∶13.7。实施例2:
本实施例以下列物质用量制备另一浓缩液:
物质                       重量份
水                          315.5
H3PO4(75%)              390.0
HNO3(1.41克/立方厘米)      5.0
硫酸胲                      35.0
MnO                         21.5
ZnO                         26.0y
Ni(NO3)2溶液(30%)       120.0
HF(70%)                    7.0
H2SiF6(25%)             80.0
用水将该浓缩液稀释至在水中的浓度为6%(W/V)时,其FA值为约13.5,TA值为40,锰离子与镍离子之比为1∶1,锌离子与锰和镍之和的比值为1∶1.6,锌离子与磷酸根离子之比为1∶13.7。实施例3
本实施例用来说明用实施例1的浓缩液以喷涂法涂布的磷化涂布工艺。用水将浓缩液稀释至浓度为每升涂液含48克浓缩液,并加入氢氧化钠,使涂液的游离酸度降至0.7点,总酸度降至20点。
按典型工艺,在用市售碱性清洁剂(Parcolene 1500C给4英寸×6英寸金属板去油和清洁处理,再用水漂洗后,用市售钛盐(Fixodine Z8)对板材做精整处理。然后用由上述实施例1的浓缩液制成的上述磷酸盐涂液处理该板材。磷化处理后,在室温下喷水30秒漂洗,再喷去离子水30秒漂洗该板。然后在室温下用鼓风干燥此板。
下面表1列出了数组对冷轧钢(CRS)和热浸镀板(HDG)在46.1℃和喷涂时间为120秒下进行磷化涂布的结果。
表1
试样     涂布量(毫克/平方米)
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU     CRS180616131710129012901677129013871290167713871677167713551742160213011258130114621290     HDG203219351935164515811710148417421806180617101516180617101839159116771645162416771559
涂层为结晶、片晶或针状结构,在CRS上的晶体大小范围为3-15微米,在HDG上的晶体大小范围为2-10微米。对在不同的喷涂时间和温度下所做其它试样进行表观目测检查表明,在低到40.6℃  的温度下仍可得到满意的涂层,但优选较高的温度。实施例4
按与实施例3中处理CRS和RDG同样的方法处理数块101.6毫米×152.4毫米的铝板(2036铝和5052铝),不同之处是使用氟化钾添加剂(游离氟离子8.6%,钾离子8.99%)便游离氟化物浓度达500-600ppm。尽管在更低的温度下才需要120秒的时间,但46.1-54.4℃的温度也是可以接受的。2036铝合金板的涂层重量为1312-1860毫克/平方米,5052铝合金板的涂层重量为1613-2097毫克/平方米。两种合金板上的晶体尺寸为5-30微米。实施例5
在本实施例中,按实施例3的方法处理数种不同基材做60秒喷涂。除铝合金和冷轧钢(CRS)之外,还有两种不同的电镀基材(EG)以及锌—镍合金和AOI(锌—铁合金),结果示于下面表2。
表2
    基质 涂层重量(毫克/平方米)   晶体大小(微米)   目测外观     浴温(℃)
    CRS90E EGNAT.70/70EGZn-NiAOI2036 AL5052AL     1366193530111763196819252097     3-122-82-83-103-105-205-18     好好好好好好好     48.948.948.948.948.954.454.4
实施例6
在本例中,使用实施例2的浓缩液,并将金属板浸于涂液溶液中而不用实施例3的喷涂法,该涂液也如实施例3那样将浓缩液稀释至浓度为48克/升而制成。对不同基质板材101.6毫米×152.4毫米在46.10℃下经2分钟浸渍后的结果列于下面表3,该表还对涂料组合物做了分析。
表3
基质 涂层重量(毫克/平方米) Zn Ni Mn PO4 Fe
  CRSEGHDGAl2O36     1903199018131813     2737.53729.9     1.31.31.82.2     2.94.34.56.7     383838.942.5     9.50.160.140.32
所有基质的晶体大小一般为1-5微米。如实施例3一样,浴液温度在40.6℃以上为宜,如为46.1-54.4℃,时间为60秒以上,最好在80秒以上。
在所有情况下,硫酸胲的存在都不便其结构由针状结构或瘤状结构发生改变,而是保持其结构,该晶体结构与施涂方法和基质,以及用量如上述的和在涂液中与锌和磷酸根离子等其它成分比值的锰的存在,镍的存在及所用羟基胺的用量有关。因此,本发明的涂料具有片晶或瘤状(在CRS浸涂情况下)结晶结构,无论是喷涂工艺还是浸涂工艺,都具有优良的低温施涂涂层重量性能。羟基胺促进剂可加在浓缩液中,避免了以后用浓缩液配制涂液时必需力促进剂的要求。该涂液无需亚硝酸根离子类促进剂,因此减小了环境影响及亚硝酸盐带来的安全问题。
优选配方可提供具有下列成分和离子及用量的涂液,该涂液即可喷涂,又可浸涂:
成分                     重量百分比
硫酸胲                      0.168
锌离子                      0.10
镍离子                      0.05
锰离子                      0.05
磷酸根离子                  1.37
硝酸根离子                  0.12
氟化物配合物                0.074
游离氟化物                  0.022
在上述配方中,锌与磷酸根之比为1∶13.7,锌与锰+镍之和的比值为1∶1。用此配方,不仅在诸如冷轧钢等,包括电镀基质的二价铁基质上,而且在铝基质上,均可形成具有所需涂层重量的满意的磷化涂层.
在涂布操作中,涂液可能实际上需要再次补充,来保证涂液中适宜的物质浓度和酸度水平。加到涂液中的再补充组分需含有有效量的多种物质和离子,以便保持涂料中的离子处于合适的浓度,并且,加到涂液中的再补充剂需含有有效量的碳酸铵或碳酸氢铵,优选含有氢氧化铵,用以保持涂液的酸度水平。
本发明再补充剂配方的例子如下:
水                                270.2
H3PC4(75%)                    378.0
硫酸胲                            100.0
MnO                               12.8
ZnO                               68.0
Ni(NO3)2溶液(30%)             60.0
HF(70%)                          2.5
H2SiF6(25%)                   50.0
氢氧化铵(1.22克/立方厘米)         58.5

Claims (21)

1.一种用于配制处理金属基质的水涂液的浓缩液组合物,该浓缩液含有一种包括锌离子、镍离子、锰离子、磷酸根离子和羟基胺促进剂在内的水溶液,其中所含各离子量足够用水稀释制成每升涂液含48克浓缩液的水涂液,其中在稀释形成涂液后,各离子在形成的涂液中的重量百分含量如下:
磷酸根离子                 0.5-2.5
锌离子                     0.05-0.2
镍离子                     0.02-0.15
锰离子                     0.02-0.15
并且,锌离子与磷酸根离子的比值为1∶10-25;锌与锰和镍离子之和的比值为1∶0.5-1.5;锰与镍之比为1∶0.5-1.5,存在于所述涂液中的羟基胺促进剂的量为0.1%-0.25%(重量)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的浓缩液组合物,其中所述羟基胺促进剂为硫酸胲,其在所述浓缩液中的用量使得所述涂液中的含量达0.1-0.25%(重量)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的浓缩液组合物,其中锌与磷酸根的比值为1∶10-25;锌与锰和镍之和的比值为1∶1,锰与镍的比值为1∶1。
4.根据权利要求3所述的浓缩液组合物,其中所述羟基胺促进剂是硫酸胲,其用量为0.17%(重量)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的浓缩液组合物,其中锌与磷酸根的比值为1∶13.7。
6.根据权利要求3所述的浓缩液组合物,其中所述金属基质选自二价铁基质、锌基质和铝基质。
7.用于配制处理金属表面的水涂液的浓缩液组合物,所述浓缩液由选自下列组合物A和B的物质组成:
A.                           重量份
水                            368.5
H3PO4(75%)                390.0
HNO3(1.41克/立方厘米)        5.0
硫酸胲                        35.0
MnO                           13.5
ZnO                           26.0
Ni(NO3)2(30%溶液)          75.0
H2SiF6(25%)                80.0
HF(70%)                      7.0
B.
水                            315.5
H3PO4(75%)                390.0
HNO3(1.41克/立方厘米)        5.0
硫酸胲                        35.0
MnO                           21.5
ZnO                           26.0
Ni(NO3)2溶液(30%)          120.0
HF(70%)                      7.0
H2SiF6(25%)                 80.0。
8.一种在金属表面上制备结晶涂层的磷酸盐水涂液,含有重量百分比如下的锌离子,镍离子,锰离子及磷酸根离子:
磷酸根离子           0.5-2.5
锌离子               0.05-0.2
镍离子               0.02-0.15
锰离子               0.02-0.15
并且需满足锌离子与磷酸根离子的比值为1∶10-25;锌与锰和镍之和的比值为1∶0.5-1.5;锰与镍的比值为1∶0.5-1.5,所述涂液含有0.1-0.25%(重量)的羟基胺促进剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的磷酸盐水涂液,其中锌与磷酸根的比值为1∶10-25;锌与锰和镍之和的比值为1∶1,锰与镍的比值为1∶1。
10.根据权利要求9所述磷酸盐水涂液,其中所述羟基胺促进剂是硫酸胲,其用量为0.17%(重量)。
11.根据权利要求9所述的磷酸盐水涂液,其中锌与磷酸根之比为1∶13.7。
12.在金属基质上制备结晶涂层的磷酸盐水涂液,含有下列组分:
                             %(重量)
硫酸胲                        0.168
锌离子                        0.10
镍离子                        0.05
锰离子                        0.05
磷酸根离子                        1.37
硝酸根离子                        0.12
游离氟化物                        0.022
氟化物配合物                      0.074。
13.在金属表面制备结晶涂层的磷酸盐水涂液,所述组分包括:
a.0.5-2克/升锌离子
b.5-25克/升磷酸根离子
c.0.2-1.5克/升锰离子
d.0.2-1.5克/镍离子
e.1-2.5克/升氟化物离子
f.0-1.5克/升氟化物离子
g.0-2克/升硝酸根离子。
14.根据权利要求13所述的磷酸盐水涂液组合物,其中所述锌离子的用量为0.8-1.2克/升;所述磷酸根的用量为10-15克/升;所述锰离子的用量为0.5-1克/升;所述镍离子的用量为0.5-1克/升;所述羟基胺促进剂为硫酸胲。
15.一种磷化金属表面的方法,包括用权利要求8所述的水涂液处理金属表面。
16.一种磷化金属表面的方法,包括用权利要求12所述的水涂液处理金属表面。
17.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述金属表面是二价铁表面、锌表面或铝表面。
18.一种磷化金属表面的方法,包括用权利要求13所述的水涂液处理所述金属表面。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中氟化物在涂液中的用量使其氟化物总含量为1.5克/升。
20.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述表面是铝,加在所述涂液中的氟化物使其游离氟化物含量为400-600ppm。
21.一种磷化金属表面的方法,包括用权利要求14所述的水涂液处理所述金属表面。
22.一种用于权利要求8所述水涂液中的再补充组合物,包括:
物质                         重量份
水                           270.2
H3PO4(75%)                378.0
硫酸胲                       100.0
MnO                          12.8
ZnO                          68.0
Ni(NO3)2溶液(30%)         60.0
HF(70%)                     2.5
H2SiF6(25%)               50.0
氢氧化铵(1.22克/立方厘米)     58.5。
CN92108858A 1991-07-29 1992-07-29 处理金属基质的磷酸盐水涂液及其浓缩液组合物及处理方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1038949C (zh)

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