CN103882246A - Vacuum magnesium manufacturing device and vacuum magnesium manufacturing method - Google Patents
Vacuum magnesium manufacturing device and vacuum magnesium manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103882246A CN103882246A CN201410008089.6A CN201410008089A CN103882246A CN 103882246 A CN103882246 A CN 103882246A CN 201410008089 A CN201410008089 A CN 201410008089A CN 103882246 A CN103882246 A CN 103882246A
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- ferrosilicon
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention specifically relates to a vacuum magnesium manufacturing device and a vacuum magnesium manufacturing method. The device comprises a silicon iron ladle, a vacuum reaction chamber, an argon blowing stirring unit, a slag receiving disc, a translation device, a lifting device, a silicon iron liquid heating device, a magnesium ore powder injection gun, a magnesium vapor cold trap, a magnesium liquid collector, a cooling and dust collecting device, a vacuum system and the like. The method comprises the process as follows: a silicon iron liquid in which the silicon content is 35%-75% is heated to a reaction temperature ranging from 1300 to 1600 DEG C, the silicon iron liquid is mixed with a magnesium ore powder injected into the silicon iron liquid and then a reduction reaction of the mixture is completed under the stirring action of blowing argon at a vacuum degree ranging from 350 to 20000 Pa, the magnesium vapor generated in the reaction is condensed into the magnesium liquid by a condenser and then the magnesium liquid is stored in a magnesium liquid tank before being cast into a magnesium ingot, and then the magnesium ingot is refined according to a conventional process. The vacuum magnesium manufacturing device has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental friendliness, high production efficiency, flexible investment scale and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of vacuum magnesium smelting device, also comprises a kind of vacuum magnesium refining method.
Background technology
Magnesium is one of metallic element of very enriching of occurring in nature reserves, and China is the country of global magnesium resource reserves maximum.Due to magnesium and alloy thereof, to have quality light, and specific tenacity is high, and thermal conductivity is good, is easy to reclaim, and environmental pollution is little.Now being widely used in the fields such as automobile making, mechano-electronic, space flight and aviation, defence and military, is rare green material.Greatly develop magnesium industry and have advantageous resources advantage in China.
The production method of magnesium mainly contains hot reducing method and electrolytic process two classes, and at present, approximately 80% of global magnesium output is produced by " Pidgeon process " in hot reducing method.But, there is many defects in existing " Pidgeon process " process for smelting magnesium, be mainly reflected in: 1. adopt coal or coal gas equal energy source in atmosphere, directly to carry out flame tank external heat to the reduction tank of filling pelletizing, thermosteresis is large, heating efficiency is low, the reduction tank life-span is short, and heat is difficult to be delivered to fast the material center in reduction tank, make long reaction time, environmental pollution is serious.2. the accumbency arrangement mode of tens reduction tanks, makes labor strength very greatly and the production capacity of single devices is little, production cost is high.3. the material in " Pidgeon process " refining magnesium its reduction reaction technological process is that " solid/" reacts; Thereby its speed of response is restricted, reach 12 hours reaction time, production efficiency is extremely low.
Electrolytic method magnesium smelting; Its technological process can produce a large amount of chlorine, and operator and environment are worked the mischief and polluted, and brings the environmental issue that is difficult to overcome, therefore there be limited evidence currently of uses this method.
The former magnesium output of China has accounted for the share in the whole world approximately 80% at present, almost all adopts " Pidgeon process " to produce.
Defect for existing " Pidgeon process " magnesium-smelting production technology: patents such as " Inner Heating Magnesium Refining Production Technology And Apparatus (CN1163622C) " and " pipe type thermal method magnesium-smelting production technology and equipment thereof (CN1042841C) " has proposed equipment and the technique of continuous refining magnesium, but these techniques have still continued the mode of coal or heated by gas, there is no thoroughly to solve the problem of flue dust pollution on the environment.The defective workmanship that Chinese patent (201010255097.2) " double-dip pipe ferrosilicon bath vacuum circular flow magnesium-smelting devices and methods therefor " and patent (201010255111.9) " single-dip pipe silicon iron bath vacuum circulated magnesium-smelting devices and methods therefor " are produced for tradition " Pidgeon process " refining magnesium has been carried out revolutionary innovation, but due to the restriction of soaking tub circulation mechanism, the circulation volume that ferrosilicon is bathed has certain requirement, so industry size is had to higher investment requirement, bathe and be exposed to atmosphere due to ferrosilicon outside soaking tub in addition, in technological process, certainly will reduce the recovery rate of magnesium.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, for the drawback in existing refining magnesium technology, to design a kind of more perfect vacuum magnesium smelting device and method thereof.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of vacuum magnesium smelting device, comprising:
A vacuum reaction device, the vacuum chamber upper cover that it comprises vacuum reaction chamber, is arranged on the ferrosilicon bag of vacuum reaction chamber interior and is arranged on vacuum reaction chamber top, on described vacuum chamber, tops has heating unit mount pad, on vacuum chamber, cover temperature measuring equipment is housed, heating unit mount pad is connected with ferrosilicon liquid heating unit;
At least a set of airtight magnesium slag injection conveyor, comprises that one end stretches into the magnesium slag winding-up rifle of ferrosilicon bag, on magnesium slag winding-up rifle, is provided with blowing valve, and magnesium slag winding-up rifle is positioned at blowing valve downstream, is connected with batch can by charging valve;
A set of argon gas winding-up agitating unit, comprises the Argon agitating unit that penetrates vacuum reaction chamber UNICOM's ferrosilicon bag bottom and the Argon valve that is arranged in Argon agitating unit;
A set of magnesium liquid is collected and storing unit, comprises the magnesium vapor condensation trap and the magnesium collection that is being connected magnesium vapor condensation trap that connect vacuum reaction chamber;
And a set of vacuum suction device that is connected to magnesium vapor condensation trap air outlet.
Described vacuum magnesium smelting device also comprises a set of cooling and dedusting device, and described cooling and dedusting device is arranged between magnesium vapor condensation trap and vacuum suction device.
Described vacuum reaction chamber bottom is connected with lifting device, and lifting device is arranged on translating device.
Described vacuum chamber top cap is connected to lifting device and translating device.
Described ferrosilicon liquid heating unit is AC and DC electric arc heating unit, induction heating unit, heating plasma unit or resistive heating unit.
Described vacuum reaction device also comprises the dreg-containing disk that is positioned at vacuum reaction chamber inner bottom surface, and described ferrosilicon bag side wall upper part has excessive cinder notch.
Described magnesium slag injection conveyor has at least a set of vacuum batch can and charging valve to be installed in parallel, jet different powders and interpolation ferrosilicon, and the outlet of described breeze winding-up rifle is inserted in the ferrosilicon liquid in ferrosilicon bag.
Described magnesium vapor condensation trap is single " U " shape pipe or multiple " U " shape pipe string, parallel combination structure, shell material is that Gr25Ni20 steel plate rolls and is welded, be communicated with vacuum chamber upper cover, magnesium collection and cooling and dedusting device by joint flange, magnesium collection bottom surface has liquid outlet.
Described vacuum suction device is Roots/rotary pump with liquid ring group, mechanical pump/oily topping-up pump group, multistage steam-jet pump group or Direct airexhaust Roots pump group.
In pipeline after magnesium liquid condensing trap, before cooling and dedusting device, trap filter magnesium cylinder is housed, dust discharge valve is equipped with in described cooling and dedusting device lower end, and upper end is connected with described vacuum suction device by joint flange.
Described vacuum reaction chamber, shell is formed by Plate Welding, and steel plate material is 20g or 16MnR steel, and shell steel plate thickness is 16mm at least; The liner of described vacuum reaction chamber is magnesia fireproof insulating brick; In vacuum chamber upper cover, have Heat preservation element, the liner of vacuum chamber upper cover is alumina firebrick; Vacuum chamber upper cover is except end socket is identical with vacuum reaction chamber enclosure material, and its hot operation district, top steel plate material is Gr25Ni20.
A magnesium refining method of applying described vacuum magnesium smelting device, comprises the following steps:
1): the ferrosilicon that ferrosilicon solution is housed is packaged into vacuum reaction indoor, operation translating device and lifting device, seal vacuum reaction chamber and vacuum chamber upper cover completely;
2): start vacuum suction device vacuum magnesium smelting device internal gas pressure is evacuated to after 67Pa, to backfill argon gas in vacuum magnesium smelting device;
3): in ferrosilicon bag, add 75# ferrosilicon, starting heating unit makes ferrosilicon liquid temp remain on 1350～1600 DEG C, magnesium slag is jetted to rifle insertion in the ferrosilicon liquid of ferrosilicon bag bottom 200～500mm, and open blowing valve and charging valve and jet rifle to blowing magnesium breeze in ferrosilicon liquid by magnesium slag, again by Argon agitating unit argon bottom-blowing, make magnesium slag and ferrosilicon liquid fully mixing in ferrosilicon bag, concurrent raw reduction reaction; First the magnesium steam producing enter temperature control in the magnesium vapor condensation trap of 660～700 DEG C along vacuum pneumatic direction, condenses into magnesium liquid and flow in magnesium collection.
Described magnesium refining method, also comprises
4): after question response finishes, lifting is closed magnesium slag winding-up rifle, is closed vacuum unit, carry out argon gas backfill, adjust BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow, make residue floating discharge as far as possible in alloy solution, after pressure and atmospheric equilibrium, start lifting device and translating device, vacuum reaction chamber is separated with vacuum chamber upper cover.
Described magnesium refining method, also comprises preorder preparatory process:
The first step: ready reaction thing, calcined dolomite, lime, light-burned bauxite are mixed, and adopt ore mill grinding, ensure that granularity is 0.02～0.5mm, then be preheated to 800～1000 DEG C by pre-heating system, pack the batch can that dusts into temporary stand-by, by 75# ferrosilicon particle, after preheating, pack in alloy feed bin;
Second step: prepare solvent, in smelting furnace, siliceous 35%～75% the ferro-silicon being mixed into by 45# ferrosilicon and 75# ferrosilicon is melted and is warming up to 1300～1450 DEG C, then pour in ferrosilicon bag.
With other refining magnesium equipment with and process for smelting magnesium compare, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) use clean electric energy for process for smelting magnesium provides thermal source, with respect to " external heating " process for smelting magnesium of other employing coal or heated by gas, overcome problem of environmental pollution.
(2) adopt " synthesis by internal resistance electric melting " process for smelting magnesium, with respect to the tank external heat of " Pidgeon process " process for smelting magnesium, improved greatly heating efficiency, effectively reduce production cost.
(3) process for smelting magnesium process is " solid-liquid " reduction reaction, and with " Gu Gu/" reacting phase ratio of " Pidgeon process " process for smelting magnesium, reaction mass mixes fully, and material reaction area is large, sufficient reacting, thus accelerate speed of response, improve greatly production efficiency.
(4) apparatus of the present invention main equipment adopts the manufacture of plain carbon stool material, does not need expensive high temperature steel reduction tank, has saved refining magnesium cost.
(5), compared with the process for smelting magnesium of knowing altogether with other, this device, by strict subregion temperature control, directly obtains liquid magnesium, has improved greatly the recovery rate of magnesium.
(6) adopt wet dust separater, closed cycle dedusting completely, dust zero discharge in technological process, meets the environmental requirement of industrialization completely.
(7) every supporting technology mature and reliable, industry size is changeable, and investment is flexibly.
(8) this device process for smelting magnesium is used for reference the smelting technology of steel industry maturation, easily realizes equipment automatization with intelligent, greatly reduces operator's labour intensity, has effectively ensured the security of device operation.
(9) tank/bag synthesis by internal resistance electric melting process for smelting magnesium is perfect, and debris final in ferrosilicon bag can obtain byproduct by simple art breading, has improved byproduct recycle.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 101, ferrosilicon liquid; 102, ferrosilicon bag; 103, vacuum reaction chamber; 104, magnesia fireproof insulating brick; 105, Argon agitating unit; 106, Argon valve; 107, dreg-containing disk; 108, lifting device; 109, translating device; 110, excessive cinder notch; 201, batch can; 202, charging valve; 203, blowing valve; 204, magnesium slag winding-up rifle; 205, vacuum chamber upper cover; 206, ferrosilicon liquid heating unit; 207, heating unit mount pad; 208, temperature measuring equipment; 209, alumina firebrick; 301, joint flange; 302, magnesium vapor condensation trap; 303, joint flange; 304, liquid outlet; 305, magnesium collection; 401, joint flange; 402, cooling and dedusting device; 403, dust discharge valve; 404, joint flange; 405, trap filter magnesium cylinder; 501, vacuum suction device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is elaborated, but be used for anything but limiting the scope of the invention.
A kind of vacuum magnesium smelting device, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
A vacuum reaction device, the vacuum chamber upper cover 205 that it comprises vacuum reaction chamber 103, is arranged on the ferrosilicon bag 102 of vacuum reaction chamber 103 inside and is arranged on vacuum reaction chamber 103 tops, heating unit mount pad 207 is arranged at described vacuum chamber upper cover 205 tops, temperature measuring equipment 208 is housed on vacuum chamber upper cover 205, and heating unit mount pad 207 is connected with ferrosilicon liquid heating unit 206;
At least a set of airtight magnesium slag injection conveyor, comprise that one end stretches into the magnesium slag winding-up rifle 204 of ferrosilicon bag 102, on magnesium slag winding-up rifle 204, be provided with blowing valve 203, magnesium slag winding-up rifle 204 is positioned at blowing valve 203 downstreams, is connected with batch can 201 by charging valve 202;
A set of argon gas winding-up agitating unit, comprises the Argon agitating unit 105 that penetrates vacuum reaction chamber 103 UNICOM's ferrosilicon bag 102 bottoms and the Argon valve 106 that is arranged in Argon agitating unit 105;
A set of magnesium liquid is collected and storing unit, comprises the magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 and the magnesium collection 305 that is being connected magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 that connect vacuum reaction chamber 103;
And a set of vacuum suction device 501 that is connected to magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 air outlets.
In order to make the tail gas of discharging can directly discharge into atmosphere or realize cycling and reutilization, as prioritization scheme, a set of cooling and dedusting device 402 is installed between magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 and vacuum suction device 501, now magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 air outlets connect cooling and dedusting device 402, and vacuum suction device 501 is connected to cooling and dedusting device 402 tops by joint flange 404.
Be connected with lifting device 108 in vacuum reaction chamber 103 bottoms, lifting device 108 is arranged on translating device 109; Or be connected with lifting device 108 and translating device 109 at vacuum chamber upper cover 205.These two kinds of mounting means can be realized translation and the lifting of vacuum reaction chamber 103 or vacuum chamber upper cover 205, and in existing equipment, this translation, lifting device can be the equipment such as electric arc furnace, have applied very ripely, do not specify at this.
The ferrosilicon liquid heating unit 206 resistive heating unit that band regulates the AC and DC electric arc heating unit of the parts composition such as electrode, vacuum water-cooled dynamic seal mechanism, electrode mount pad, splashproof shielding case of hoisting appliance or the induction heating unit being made up of parts such as ruhmkorff coil, yoke, water-cooled cable, water-cooled shield rings or the heating plasma unit being made up of parts such as water cooling plasma gun, the pulse power, erection supports or heating resistor to form of serving as reasons.The application of these type of heating in modern comfort is very extensively ripe, does not specify at this.
Vacuum reaction device also comprises the dreg-containing disk 107 that is positioned at vacuum reaction chamber 103 inner bottom surface, and described ferrosilicon bag 102 side wall upper part have the cinder notch 110 that overflows.
Magnesium slag injection conveyor has at least a set of vacuum batch can 201 and charging valve 202 to be installed in parallel, jet different powders and interpolation ferrosilicon, and the outlet of described breeze winding-up rifle 204 is inserted in the ferrosilicon liquid 101 of 102 li of ferrosilicon bags.
Magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 is single " U " shape pipe or multiple " U " shape pipe string, parallel combination structure, shell material is that Gr25Ni20 steel plate rolls and is welded, be communicated with vacuum chamber upper cover 205, magnesium collection 305 and cooling and dedusting device 402 by joint flange 301,303,401, magnesium collection 305 bottom surfaces have liquid outlet 304, by 660～700 DEG C of accurate temperature controls, make the magnesium vapor condenses that in ferrosilicon bag 102, reduction reaction evaporates become magnesium liquid to flow in magnesium collection 305.
In pipeline after magnesium liquid condensing trap 302, before cooling and dedusting device 402, trap filter magnesium cylinder 405 is housed, magnesium in tail gas can be collected, dust discharge valve 403 is equipped with in described cooling and dedusting device 402 lower ends, and upper end is connected with described vacuum suction device 501 by joint flange 404.
For reaching best dust removing effects, cooling and dedusting device adopts unique wet dust removal principle design, ensures the environmental requirement of discharge, working fluid (mechanical pump oil) closed cycle in system, dust after trapping regularly discharges by dust discharge valve, technological process dust zero discharge.
Described vacuum reaction chamber 103, shell is formed by Plate Welding, and steel plate material is 20g or 16MnR steel, and shell steel plate thickness is 16mm at least; The liner of described vacuum reaction chamber 103 is magnesia fireproof insulating brick 104; In vacuum chamber upper cover 205, have Heat preservation element, the liner of vacuum chamber upper cover 205 is alumina firebricks 209; Vacuum chamber upper cover 205 is except end socket is identical with vacuum reaction chamber 103 enclosure materials, and its hot operation district, top steel plate material is Gr25Ni20.
The present invention is positioned over the ferrosilicon bag 102 that fills siliceous 35%～75% ferrosilicon liquid 101 in vacuum reaction chamber 103, then utilize supporting lifting device 108, vacuum reaction chamber 103 and vacuum room cover 205 are sealed completely, re-using vacuum system vacuumizes vacuum chamber 103, be evacuated to 67pa, then backfill argon gas makes the interior pressure of vacuum chamber 103 be stabilized in 5.0～20.0Kpa.Then in ferrosilicon bag 102, add a certain amount of 75# ferro-silicon, ferrosilicon liquid 101 is heated up and is heated to 1400～1600 DEG C by processing requirement by ferrosilicon heating unit 206, and continue insulation.Finally by be preheated to 800～1100 DEG C containing MgO40%, CaO56%, Al
2o
34% magnesium slag, by the magnesium slag rifle 204 of jetting, sprays in ferrosilicon liquid 101 with the speed of setting.There is redox reaction in ferrosilicon liquid 101 and magnesium slag, generate magnesium steam under vacuum, hot conditions.Magnesium steam enters into along air flow line the condense trap 302 that temperature remains on 660～700 DEG C, enters magnesium collection 305 after condensation, then is discharged and watered ingot or refining by magnesium collection 305.The slag producing in reaction process is except covering weld pool surface certain thickness, and all the other flow into dreg-containing disk 107 by the cinder notch 110 that overflows, and after reaction finishes, dreg-containing disk 107 entirety is hung out, and slag is recycled.Residual exhaust through after cooling and dedusting device 402 again by vacuum suction unit emptying (or enter argon gas collect cabinet recycle).When siliceous while being less than 35% in ferrosilicon liquid 101, reaction finishes.Reaction finishes rear residue alloy solution and after adjusting component, is cast into ferroalloy productor, and another part adds industrial silicon or 75# ferrosilicon to be adjusted to siliceous 35%～75% alloy solution, carries out the smelting of next heat.
In embodiment of the present invention, furnace charge preparatory process mainly comprises (taking 5t ferrosilicon solvent as example):
The first step: ready reaction thing, by calcined dolomite, lime, aluminium sesquioxide etc., according to mass ratio MgO:CaO:Al
2o
3the ratio of=40:56:4 mixes, and adopts ore mill grinding, ensures that granularity is 0.02～0.5mm.Then be preheated to 1000 DEG C by pre-heating system, packed into the batch can 201 that dusts temporary stand-by.By 75# ferrosilicon particle, after preheating, pack in alloy feed bin;
Second step: prepare solvent, in smelting furnace, the ferro-silicon of the 5t being mixed into by 3.35t45 ferrosilicon and 1.65t75 ferrosilicon siliceous 55% melted and be warming up to 1300 DEG C, then pour in ferrosilicon bag.
Equipment operation in the present embodiment mainly comprises with technical process:
1): the ferrosilicon bag 102 that ferrosilicon solution is housed is packed in vacuum reaction chamber 103, and operation vacuum reaction chamber translation and lifting device 108, seal vacuum reaction chamber and vacuum chamber upper cover 205 completely.
2): start vacuum suction unit system is evacuated to after 67Pa, to backfill argon gas in system, make system pressure remain on 5.0～20.0Kpa.
3): then to 75 ferrosilicon that add 780Kg in ferrosilicon bag 102, starting heating unit 206 makes ferrosilicon liquid temp remain on 1350～1600 DEG C (associated with working vacuum degree), the magnesium slag rifle 204 of jetting is inserted in the ferrosilicon liquid of ferrosilicon bag bottom 200～300mm, and open blowing valve 203 and charging valve 202 and jet rifle 204 to containing magnesium powder with certain speed winding-up 5000Kg in ferrosilicon liquid by magnesium slag.Regulate argon bottom-blowing flow according to actual smelting situation again.Now magnesium slag fully mixes in ferrosilicon bag with ferrosilicon liquid, concurrent raw reduction reaction.First the magnesium steam producing enter temperature control in the magnesium vapor condensation trap 302 of 660～700 DEG C along vacuum pneumatic direction, condenses into magnesium liquid and flow in magnesium collection 305.Other gas enters cooling and dedusting device 402, forces cooling and dedusting (or tail gas is entered to recycling after treatment in argon gas collection cabinet by vacuum system).The slag producing is piled up after a certain amount of and is flowed into dreg-containing disk 107 from the cinder notch that overflows.
4): repeat the 3rd step operation 6 times, this smelting cycle finishes.
5): after question response finishes, promote and close spray gun 204, close vacuum unit, carry out argon gas backfill.Adjust BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow, make residue floating discharge as far as possible in alloy solution.After pressure and atmospheric equilibrium, start lifting and the translating device of vacuum reaction chamber 103, it is separated with vacuum chamber upper cover 205.Hang out ferrosilicon bag 102, part ferrosilicon liquid 101 is for pouring into a mould ferro-silicon, and part stays for dissolving reaction alloy solution.After dreg-containing disk is called away, by slag treatment utilization.Magnesium liquid is discharged from liquid outlet 304, for ingot casting or refining.
6): the production smelting cycle that enters next heat after the equipment of reviewing and validate is normal.
In the present embodiment, can obtain magnesium liquid 6000Kg; Consume calcined dolomite and the about 30000Kg of auxiliary material, consume 75# ferrosilicon 6330Kg, consume 45 ferrosilicon 3350Kg, byproduct is siliceous 44.7% ferro-silicon solution 6110kg, produces slag 25735kg.Through estimation, the element silicon consumption of the ton magnesium of this process for smelting magnesium is 587.3kg, and amounting to 75# ferrosilicon is 783Kg/ ton.The ton magnesium 75# ferrosilicon consumption of tradition Pidgeon process is 1200kg.Compare, this processing method has improved the reduction efficiency of Silicon in Ferrosilicon element greatly.
The present invention has built a ferrosilicon solution medium by ferrosilicon bag 102, Gu consolidate-contact reacts very slow reaction is reasonably transferred in liquid solution, forms solid-liquid, and even liquid-liquid reactions, has improved reaction efficiency greatly.
In the present invention, make full use of chemical reaction heat, as SiO
2with the slagging heat of CaO, Siliciumatom dissolves in the solution heat in iron liquid etc., can effectively reduce energy consumption.
The present invention can be according to the convenient and reasonable adjustment industrial scale of size in reaction molten bath, and equipment is simple, easy to operate, easily realizes mechanize, automatization, intelligent production.
More than exemplifying is only to illustrate of the present invention, does not form the restriction to protection scope of the present invention, within the every and same or analogous design of the present invention all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The device that the present embodiment does not describe in detail and structure belong to well known device and common structure or the conventional means of the industry, here not narration one by one.
Claims (14)
1. a vacuum magnesium smelting device, is characterized in that: comprise
A vacuum reaction device, the vacuum chamber upper cover (205) that it comprises vacuum reaction chamber (103), is arranged on the inner ferrosilicon bag (102) of vacuum reaction chamber (103) and is arranged on vacuum reaction chamber (103) top, heating unit mount pad (207) is arranged at described vacuum chamber upper cover (205) top, temperature measuring equipment (208) is housed on vacuum chamber upper cover (205), and heating unit mount pad (207) is connected with ferrosilicon liquid heating unit (206);
At least a set of airtight magnesium slag injection conveyor, comprise that one end stretches into the magnesium slag winding-up rifle (204) of ferrosilicon bag (102), on magnesium slag winding-up rifle (204), be provided with blowing valve (203), magnesium slag winding-up rifle (204) is positioned at blowing valve (203) downstream, is connected with batch can (201) by charging valve (202);
A set of argon gas winding-up agitating unit, comprises the Argon agitating unit (105) that penetrates vacuum reaction chamber (103) UNICOM's ferrosilicon bag (102) bottom and the Argon valve (106) that is arranged in Argon agitating unit (105);
A set of magnesium liquid is collected and storing unit, comprises the magnesium vapor condensation trap (302) and the magnesium collection (305) that is being connected magnesium vapor condensation trap (302) that connect vacuum reaction chamber (103);
And a set of vacuum suction device (501) that is connected to magnesium vapor condensation trap (302) air outlet.
2. vacuum magnesium smelting device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vacuum magnesium smelting device also comprises a set of cooling and dedusting device (402), described cooling and dedusting device (402) is arranged between magnesium vapor condensation trap (302) and vacuum suction device (501).
3. vacuum magnesium smelting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described vacuum reaction chamber (103) bottom is connected with lifting device (108), and lifting device (108) is arranged on translating device (109).
4. vacuum magnesium smelting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described vacuum chamber upper cover (205) is connected with lifting device (108) and translating device (109).
5. vacuum magnesium smelting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described ferrosilicon liquid heating unit (206) is AC and DC electric arc heating unit, induction heating unit, heating plasma unit or resistive heating unit.
6. vacuum magnesium smelting device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described vacuum reaction device also comprises the dreg-containing disk (107) that is positioned at vacuum reaction chamber (103) inner bottom surface, and described ferrosilicon bag (102) side wall upper part has excessive cinder notch (110).
7. vacuum magnesium smelting device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described magnesium slag injection conveyor has at least a set of vacuum batch can (201) and charging valve (202) to be installed in parallel, jet different powder and add ferrosilicon, the outlet of described breeze winding-up rifle (204) is inserted in the inner ferrosilicon liquid (101) of ferrosilicon bag (102).
8. vacuum magnesium smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described magnesium vapor condensation trap (302) is single " U " shape pipe or multiple " U " shape pipe string, parallel combination structure, shell material is that Gr25Ni20 steel plate rolls and is welded, be communicated with vacuum chamber upper cover (205), magnesium collection (305) and cooling and dedusting device (402) by joint flange (301,303,401), magnesium collection (305) bottom surface has liquid outlet (304).
9. vacuum magnesium smelting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described vacuum suction device (501) is Roots/rotary pump with liquid ring group, mechanical pump/oily topping-up pump group, multistage steam-jet pump group or Direct airexhaust Roots pump group.
10. vacuum magnesium smelting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at magnesium liquid condensing trap (302) afterwards, trap filter magnesium cylinder (405) is housed in the front pipeline of cooling and dedusting device (402), dust discharge valve (403) is equipped with in described cooling and dedusting device (402) lower end, and upper end is connected with described vacuum suction device (501) by joint flange (404).
11. vacuum magnesium smelting devices as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described vacuum reaction chamber (103), and shell is formed by Plate Welding, and steel plate material is 20g or 16MnR steel, and shell steel plate thickness is 16mm at least; The liner of described vacuum reaction chamber (103) is magnesia fireproof insulating brick (104); Vacuum chamber upper cover has Heat preservation element in (205), and the liner of vacuum chamber upper cover (205) is alumina firebrick (209); Vacuum chamber upper cover (205) is except end socket is identical with vacuum reaction chamber (103) enclosure material, and its hot operation district, top steel plate material is Gr25Ni20.
12. 1 kinds of application rights require the magnesium refining method of the vacuum magnesium smelting device described in 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
1): the ferrosilicon bag (102) that ferrosilicon solution is housed is packed in vacuum reaction chamber (103), and operation translating device (109) and lifting device (108), seal vacuum reaction chamber (103) and vacuum chamber upper cover (205) completely;
2): start vacuum suction device (501) vacuum magnesium smelting device internal gas pressure is evacuated to after 67Pa, to backfill argon gas in vacuum magnesium smelting device;
3): in ferrosilicon bag (102), add 75# ferrosilicon, starting heating unit (206) makes ferrosilicon liquid temp remain on 1350～1600 DEG C, magnesium slag is jetted to rifle (204) insertion in the ferrosilicon liquid of ferrosilicon bag bottom 200～500mm, and open blowing valve (203) and charging valve (202) and jet rifle (204) to blowing magnesium breeze in ferrosilicon liquid by magnesium slag, again by Argon agitating unit (105) argon bottom-blowing, make magnesium slag and ferrosilicon liquid fully mixing in ferrosilicon bag (102), concurrent raw reduction reaction; First the magnesium steam producing enter temperature control in the magnesium vapor condensation trap (302) of 660～700 DEG C along vacuum pneumatic direction, condenses into magnesium liquid and flow in magnesium collection (305).
13. magnesium refining methods as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of,
4): after question response finishes, lifting is closed magnesium slag winding-up rifle (204), is closed vacuum unit, carry out argon gas backfill, adjust BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING flow, make residue floating discharge as far as possible in alloy solution, after pressure and atmospheric equilibrium, start lifting device (108) and translating device (109), vacuum reaction chamber (103) is separated with vacuum chamber upper cover (205).
14. magnesium refining methods as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that: also comprise preorder preparatory process:
The first step: ready reaction thing, calcined dolomite, lime, light-burned bauxite are mixed, and adopt ore mill grinding, ensure that granularity is 0.02～0.5mm, then be preheated to 800～1000 DEG C by pre-heating system, pack the batch can that dusts (201) into temporary stand-by, by 75# ferrosilicon particle, after preheating, pack in alloy feed bin;
Second step: prepare solvent, in smelting furnace, siliceous 35%～75% the ferro-silicon being mixed into by 45# ferrosilicon and 75# ferrosilicon is melted and is warming up to 1300～1450 DEG C, then pour in ferrosilicon bag.
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