CN103881738A - Organic material treatment system - Google Patents
Organic material treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103881738A CN103881738A CN201310727163.5A CN201310727163A CN103881738A CN 103881738 A CN103881738 A CN 103881738A CN 201310727163 A CN201310727163 A CN 201310727163A CN 103881738 A CN103881738 A CN 103881738A
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- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 189
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 126
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 187
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B19/00—Heating of coke ovens by electrical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic material treatment system which comprises an organic material dry distillation cracking gasification furnace and dry distillation gas washing equipment, wherein a feed inlet and a gas outlet are formed in the top of the organic material dry distillation cracking gasification furnace, and a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the organic material dry distillation cracking gasification furnace; an organic material enters the organic material dry distillation cracking gasification furnace from the feed inlet for air isolating dry distillation and is discharged from the discharge port, and a generated dry distillation gas is discharged from the gas outlet; the dry distillation gas washing equipment is connected with the downstream part of the organic material dry distillation cracking gasification furnace and receives, washes and purifies the dry distillation gas discharged from the gas outlet. The organic material treatment system disclosed by the invention can reduce the influence of the organic material on the environment and realize the maximization of the utilization value of the organic material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic materials processing technology field, especially relate to the treatment system of the organic materials of a kind of for example low order foam coal or resinous shale foam.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the relative lump coal of utilization ratio of foam coal is much lower, how by the inflammable gas in foam coal and tar extraction out, to become high-quality smokeless fuel be China and even a great problem in the world to low order conny simultaneously, similarly also has resinous shale foam with foam coal facies.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended at least solve one of technical problem existing in prior art.For this reason, the present invention need to provide a kind of organic materials treatment system, this treatment system can by the inflammable gas in foam coal and resinous shale and tar extraction out, become low order foam coal into high-quality smokeless fuel simultaneously, can realize the maximization of organic materials utility value.
Comprise according to the organic materials treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention: organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, on described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, be formed with opening for feed and its top has air outlet and bottom has discharge gate, wherein said organic materials enters and in described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, completely cuts off air destructive distillation and discharge from described discharge gate from described opening for feed, and the carbonization gas of generation is discharged from described air outlet; Carbonization gas washing plant, described carbonization gas washing plant is connected to the downstream of described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace and the carbonization gas of discharging from described air outlet is received and washing, purifying.
According to the organic materials treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention, by first the organic materials of for example low order conny and resinous shale foam is passed in organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, to carry out destructive distillation and to produce carbonization gas, again carbonization gas is passed into successively in carbonization gas washing plant and self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment, carry out washing, purifying and processing, finally can obtain clean flammable carbonizing gas and tar light oil, can reduce thus the impact of organic materials on environment, and by the above-mentioned treating processes to organic materials, can also obtain the flammable energy, thereby can make the maximization of organic materials utility value.
In addition, organic materials treatment system according to the present invention also has following additional technical feature:
According to one embodiment of present invention, organic materials treatment system may further include self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment, described self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment is connected to the downstream of described carbonization gas washing plant so that the carbonization gas after washing is carried out to automatically cleaning processing, to obtain required flammable carbonizing gas.
Described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace comprises: pyrolysis gasification body of heater, and wherein said air outlet is located at the top of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater; Multiple destructive distillation chamber, described multiple destructive distillation chamber juxtaposition in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater and two adjacent described destructive distillation chambers be spaced apart from each other, described discharge gate is located at respectively the bottom in each described destructive distillation chamber; And electrically heated rod, it is indoor the indoor material of described multiple destructive distillation is completely cut off to air destructive distillation to produce solid carbonaceous material, carbonization gas and tar light oil that described electrically heated rod is located at described multiple destructive distillation vertically.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace also comprises: top feed bin, and the top of described top feed bin is opened wide, and the bottom of described top feed bin is communicated with the opening for feed of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater; And automatic feeding device, described automatic feeding device is located between the bottom of described top feed bin and the opening for feed of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater and feeds in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater with the material of controlling in the feed bin of top.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the opening for feed place of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater is further provided with the distribution passage for distributing material, and described distribution channels configuration becomes described material is introduced in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater equably.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described distribution tunnel-shaped becomes down Y shape and comprises the upper channel, the first lower channel and the second lower channel that communicate with each other, the top of wherein said upper channel is communicated with the bottom of described top feed bin, and the bottom of the first lower channel and the second lower channel is led to respectively in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater.
According to one embodiment of present invention, further comprise distribution device, described distribution device is located at described opening for feed below and distributes with the material that described opening for feed is fed, and described distribution device comprises: strut member, and described strut member is extending longitudinally along described pyrolysis gasification body of heater; Multiple backgauge parts, one end of each described backgauge part is connected on described strut member and the other end extends transversely to the inwall place of contiguous described pyrolysis gasification body of heater.
According to one embodiment of present invention, on described strut member, be formed with ventilating pit, on described ventilating pit, be connected with ventpipe, one end of described ventpipe is connected to described air outlet.
According to one embodiment of present invention, further comprise: multiple automatic discharging devices, described multiple automatic discharging devices are located at respectively the discharge gate of multiple destructive distillation chamber and sentence the described discharge gate of opening and closing.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described carbonization gas washing plant comprises elementary carbonization gas washing tower, described elementary carbonization gas washing tower comprises: the first tower body, the top of described the first tower body has the first carbonization gas entrance and top has the first recirculated water entrance, and the middle part of described the first tower body is provided with the first carbonization gas outlet and bottom is provided with water oil-in; And flashback tank, described flashback tank is communicated with by described water oil-in with described the first tower body, and the top of described flashback tank is formed with the first tar overflow port.
According to one embodiment of present invention, further comprise: water dispenser box, described water dispenser box is located at the top of described the first tower body, and described the first recirculated water entrance is located on described water dispenser box.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described elementary carbonization gas washing tower also comprises: multiple side by side, vertical the first Venturi meters that extend, described multiple the first Venturi meter is located in described the first tower body, and the top of described multiple the first Venturi meters is lower than described the first carbonization gas entrance; Multiple the first water spray pipes, one end of each described the first water spray pipe is connected with described water dispenser box and the other end stretches in corresponding described the first Venturi meter to the carbonization gas entering from described the first carbonization gas entrance is rinsed; And second Venturi meter, described the second Venturi meter is located in described tower body and is positioned at described multiple the first Venturi meter below.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described carbonization gas washing plant also comprises secondary carbonization gas washing tower, described secondary carbonization gas washing tower comprises: the second tower body, and the bottom of described the second tower body has the second carbonization gas entrance and top has the second carbonization gas outlet; The second water spray pipe, described the second water spray pipe stretches in described the second tower body from the middle part of described the second tower body; And multiple distribution heat exchange tower trays, the radially setting of the second tower body and being spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction described in described multiple distribution heat exchange columns rim.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described secondary carbonization gas washing tower also comprises: water seal cylinder, and the top of described water seal cylinder has the second tar overflow port; And washings liquid discharge pipe, one end of described washings liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of described the second tower body and the second end extend into the bottom in described water seal cylinder, the lower end of described water seal cylinder lower than the lower end of described the second tower body so that the water of condensation in described the second tower body is discharged in described water seal cylinder.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described the second carbonization gas entrance is connected with dry main, and the other end of described dry main extends upwardly to the top that exceeds described the second tower body.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the bottom of described the second tower body is also provided with cleanout opening, and described cleanout opening is lower than described one end of described washings liquid discharge pipe.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment comprises at least self-cleaning interchanger of one-level, each described self-cleaning interchanger comprises: housing, the top of described housing has pneumatic outlet, bottom has gas inlet and washings relief outlet, and wherein said gas inlet is higher than described washings relief outlet; Multiple heat transfer tubes, described multiple heat transfer tubes are distributed as the multilayer being spaced apart from each other on above-below direction, in each described heat transfer tube, are connected with water coolant; Gas filter, described gas filter be located at bottom in described housing and higher than described gas inlet with to entering the gas filtration in described housing; And multiple self-cleaning heat exchange tower trays, the radially setting of housing and being spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction described in described multiple self-cleaning heat exchange columns rim, wherein each self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray can be arranged on wherein between two-layer heat transfer tube.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray comprises three.
According to one embodiment of present invention, on described housing, have cooling water connector, described cooling water connector is communicated with to feed water coolant with described multiple heat transfer tubes.
According to one embodiment of present invention, on the outer wall of described housing, be also provided with water wall.
According to one embodiment of present invention, each described self-cleaning interchanger also comprises: day with fog is flutterred in outlet, and described outlet is flutterred day with fog and is located in described housing and is arranged in described pneumatic outlet below and separate with the drop that gas is mingled with; Self-cleaning uniform divider, described self-cleaning uniform divider is located at described multiple heat transfer tubes top and carries out uniformly distributing with the gas in described housing; And desulfurizing scrubber, described desulfurizing scrubber is located in described housing and flutters between day with fog and described self-cleaning uniform divider in described outlet.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described gas inlet is connected with dry main, and the other end of described dry main extends upwardly to the top that exceeds described housing.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described organic materials treatment system also comprises: washings circulation vessel, described washings circulation vessel respectively with the first tar overflow port and the first recirculated water entrance of described elementary carbonization gas washing tower, the second tar overflow port of described secondary carbonization gas washing tower and the second water spray pipe are communicated with, the first washings producing after first washing in wherein said elementary carbonization gas washing tower is discharged in described washings circulation vessel and isolates tar from described the first tar overflow port, dust and the first water of condensation, described the first water of condensation is got back to described the first recirculated water entrance, the second washings producing after secondary washing in described secondary carbonization gas washing tower is discharged to state in washings circulation vessel from described the second tar overflow port isolates tar, dust and the second water of condensation, and described the second water of condensation is got back to described the second water spray pipe.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the described washings circulation vessel washings of discharging to receive that is further connected with the self-cleaning interchanger of one-level at least.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described organic materials is low-rank coal foam and/or resinous shale foam.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage accompanying drawing below combination is understood becoming the description of embodiment obviously and easily, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the distribution device of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of elementary according to an embodiment of the invention carbonization gas washing tower;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of secondary carbonization gas washing tower according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is organic materials process flow figure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " on ", orientation or the position relationship of the indication such as D score " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, rather than indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, construct and operation with specific orientation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " be only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature that is limited with " first ", " second ".In description of the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " multiple " is two or more.
In description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and can be also to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, can be also electrical connection; Can be to be directly connected, also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can particular case understand above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, First Characteristic Second Characteristic it " on " or D score can comprise that the first and second features directly contact, also can comprise that the first and second features are not directly contacts but by the other feature contact between them.And, First Characteristic Second Characteristic " on ", " top " and " above " comprise First Characteristic directly over Second Characteristic and oblique upper, or only represent that First Characteristic level height is higher than Second Characteristic.First Characteristic Second Characteristic " under ", " below " and " below " comprise First Characteristic under Second Characteristic and tiltedly, or only represent that First Characteristic level height is less than Second Characteristic.
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 6, comprise organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100, carbonization gas washing plant and self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 according to the organic materials treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention.
First it should be noted that, in the description of embodiments of the invention: shown in for example, arrow in " above-below direction " Fig. 1, Fig. 3-Fig. 5.But also it should be noted that, the indication of this direction is for exemplary purposes, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
According to the organic materials treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention, this organic materials treatment system can be used for processing the organic materialss such as domestic refuse, straw, low-rank coal foam and/or resinous shale foam.And in description below the application, describe as example for the treatment of low-rank coal foam and/or resinous shale foam take organic materials treatment system.Need to further illustrate, low order conny refers to all not adhesive brown coal, bituminous coal and hard coal herein.Certainly, those skilled in the art are appreciated that, this organic materials treatment system only describes as example for the treatment of low-rank coal foam and/or resinous shale foam, and be not limited to this, organic materials treatment system according to the present invention also can be used for processing the pending material of other types, the organic materials mixture such as byproduct schlempe and vinasse, plant leaves, industrial refuse and medical waste of such as agricultural byproducts stalk, cotton stalk, wine brewing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the bottom that the top of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 has opening for feed and air outlet and organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 has discharge gate, wherein organic materials enters and in organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100, completely cuts off air destructive distillation and organic materials is discharged from discharge gate from opening for feed, and the carbonization gas of generation is discharged from air outlet.Wherein, the composition of carbonizing gas comprises other mixing of the Multiple components such as methane, hydrogen, hydrocarbon polymer, carbon monoxide and trace nitrogen, oxygen.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, carbonization gas washing plant is connected to the carbonization gas of the Qie Duicong air outlet, downstream of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 discharging and receives also washing, purifying.
As shown in Figure 5, self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 is connected to the downstream of carbonization gas washing plant the carbonization gas after washing, purifying is processed to obtain clean flammable carbonizing gas, and this is flammable, and carbonizing gas can part instead of natural gas supply industry and gas.
According to the organic materials treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention, carry out destructive distillation and produce carbonization gas by first organic materials being passed into organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100, again carbonization gas is passed into successively in carbonization gas washing plant and self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300, carry out washing, purifying and processing, finally can obtain clean flammable carbonizing gas, can reduce thus the impact of organic materials on environment, and by the above-mentioned treating processes to organic materials, the flammable energy can also be obtained, thereby the maximization of organic materials utility value can be made.
Below with reference to Fig. 1, describe in detail according to the organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 comprises pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 and electrically heated rod 130.
Opening for feed and air outlet are formed on the top of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.With reference to Fig. 1, in pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, limit and hold the spatial accommodation for the treatment of destructive distillation material, the top of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 has opening for feed to feed the material for the treatment of destructive distillation in spatial accommodation, and the top of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 has air outlet and discharges by this air outlet with the gas that destructive distillation is obtained.
Multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 is located in pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 side by side, and spaced apart by partition wall 121 between two adjacent destructive distillation chambers 120, and 120 bottoms, each destructive distillation chamber are equipped with discharge gate 122.In the example of Fig. 1, multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 is located at the bottom of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 in parallel with each other, spaced apart by partition wall 121 between adjacent destructive distillation chamber 120, the material falling from top to receive is opened wide at the top of destructive distillation chamber 120, and the bottom of each destructive distillation chamber 120 all has discharge gate 122 and discharges from this discharge gate 122 with such as smokeless fuel of solid matter or the powder of building trade use and the additive of cement industry use etc. that destructive distillation is obtained.It will be appreciated that, the quantity of destructive distillation chamber 120 can be according to actual requirement setting, to have better destructive distillation effect.
Electrically heated rod 130 is located in multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 vertically the material in multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 is completely cut off to air destructive distillation to produce solid carbonaceous material, carbonization gas and tar.For example, in the example of Fig. 1, the interior electrically heated rod 130 that is all provided with vertically in each destructive distillation chamber 120, electrically heated rod 130 completely cuts off air destructive distillation to the destructive distillation material for the treatment of in each destructive distillation chamber 120 respectively, that is to say, treat for example organic materials completely isolated air destructive distillation in retort process of destructive distillation material, obtain solid carbonaceous material, carbonization gas and tar.It will be appreciated that, the indoor temperature of destructive distillation can arbitrarily regulate with organic materials different in kind.And electrically heated rod 130 is located in multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 vertically, than the horizontally disposed situation of electrically heated rod 130, can prevent from that material from falling to make electrically heated rod 130 flexural deformations.
Particularly, electrically heated rod 130 can use interchange or DC voltage power supply to completely cut off air destructive distillation to produce high temperature hot gas body to treat the material of destructive distillation.Particularly, electrically heated rod 130 comprises electrical heating wire and is set in its outer insulation layer.Because which output gas heating value is higher, for example low-rank coal foam and/or the every side's gas of resinous shale foam calorific value are more than 4000 kilocalories, tolerance is larger, for example aerogenesis per ton is more than 400 cubes, one ton of low-rank coal foam of every processing and/or resinous shale foam, electric energy that electrically heated rod consumes only accounts for the sub-fraction of gas production rate generation calorific value per ton, and therefore running cost is lower.
Treat that for example low-rank coal foam of material of destructive distillation and/or resinous shale foam enter organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 and carry out destructive distillation, discharge the powder of smokeless fuel product or building trade use and the additive that cement industry uses, produce continuously carbonizing gas and tar products simultaneously, the carbonizing gas wherein producing can be inflammable gas, this inflammable gas can be used for the generating of internal combustion generator group, also can replace town gas or Sweet natural gas for user directly.
According to the organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, can completely cut off air destructive distillation processing to for example low-rank coal foam of material and/or resinous shale foam, not only environmental friendliness but also cost are low, can make full use of existing resource.Industrial experiment result with low order matter coal foam and resinous shale foam is seen, combustiblecomponents in these two kinds of materials all can be decomposed out according to organic materials treatment system of the present invention, take Hami mire hair lake brown coal as example, inflammable gas can all be separated out and partly be separated out and do not have foeign element to produce new ash content.Raw coal enters stove and smokeless fuel is come out of the stove material ratio by 1.6:1 ton left and right (being referred to air dried basis coal foam), and discharge device is for doing material system device, and without any water content consumption, the smokeless fuel of discharge is low temperature siccative.The light-end products rate of recovery is that raw material oil product content reaches 98%, and is all light-end products, and proportion is in 0.9 left and right.Brown coal inflammable gas productive rate is at 400m
3/ t raw coal, calorific value is at 17MJ/m
3left and right.
In addition, this organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 is easy to use, starts to produce and to stop production process simple, and technique whole process can realize automatization control.
In one embodiment of the invention, multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 is arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and each destructive distillation chamber 120 extends along the vertical direction, as shown in Figure 1.
In one embodiment of the invention, organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 also comprises: top feed bin 141 and automatic feeding device 142.
The top of top feed bin 141 is opened wide, and the bottom of top feed bin 141 is communicated with the opening for feed of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.For example, in the example of Fig. 1, top feed bin 141 is located at the top of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, the top of top feed bin 141 opens wide that the material for the treatment of destructive distillation is fed from the top of top feed bin 141, the bottom of top feed bin 141 is connected with the opening for feed of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, so that the material in top feed bin 141 is fed in pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 by this opening for feed, for example top feed bin 141 is formed as doline.Certainly, the invention is not restricted to this, in other example of the present invention, top feed bin 141 also can be formed as cylindrical, the cylindroid bodily form, the long cylinder bodily form or the prism bodily form etc.
With reference to Fig. 1, automatic feeding device 142 is located between the bottom of top feed bin 141 and the opening for feed of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 and feeds in pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 with the material of controlling in top feed bin 141.In the example of Fig. 1, automatic feeding device 142 is for being located at the valve on the pipeline between the bottom of top feed bin 141 and the opening for feed of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.Further, automatic feeding device 142 is motorized valve.
Further, the opening for feed place of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 is further provided with the distribution passage 150 for distributing material.With reference to Fig. 1, distribute passage 150 to be located between the bottom of top feed bin 141 and the top of body of heater, to distribute the material feeding in body of heater.
Particularly, distribute passage 150 to be formed as down Y shape, and distribute passage 150 to comprise the upper channel 151, the first lower channel 153 and the second lower channel 152 that communicate with each other.Wherein the top of upper channel 151 is communicated with the bottom of top feed bin 141, and the bottom of the first lower channel 153 and the second lower channel 152 is led to respectively in pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.
For example, in the example of Fig. 1, upper channel 151 extends along the vertical direction, and the top of upper channel 151 is connected with the bottom of top feed bin 141, the bottom of upper channel 151 is connected with the top of the first lower channel 153 and the top of the second lower channel 152 respectively, particularly, first oblique left-hand downward-extension of the first lower channel 153, extend straight down again, under the first oblique dextrad of the second lower channel 152, extend straight down again, the bottom of the first lower channel 153 and the second lower channel 152 is connected with the top of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 respectively and communicates with the spatial accommodation of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, so that the destructive distillation material for the treatment of in top feed bin 141 is passed in pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.
In one embodiment of the invention, organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 further comprises: distribution device 160, distribution device 160 is located at opening for feed below and distributes with the material that opening for feed is fed.See figures.1.and.2, distribution device 160 is located in the spatial accommodation of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 and is positioned at the top of spatial accommodation, the material feeding from top feed bin 141 is distributed to equably in multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 of below.
Further, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, distribution device 160 comprises strut member 161 and multiple backgauge part 162.Strut member 161 extends along longitudinal (left and right directions as shown in Figure 1) of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.
One end of each backgauge part 162 is connected on strut member 161, and the other end of each backgauge part 162 extends to the inwall place of contiguous pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110.See figures.1.and.2, multiple backgauge part 162 each intervals are arranged, and each backgauge part 162 all extends towards the direction of the inwall of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 from a side wall surface of strut member 161, it will be appreciated that, can try one's best near the inwall of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, to have good cloth effect in one end away from strut member 161 of backgauge part 162.
Further, multiple backgauge parts 162 comprise multiple the first backgauge parts and multiple the second backgauge part, multiple the first backgauge parts and multiple the second backgauge part are spaced apart from each other along the length direction of strut member 161 respectively, and multiple the first backgauge part and multiple the second backgauge parts spaced apart predetermined distance on the width of strut member 161.
In one of them example of the present invention, multiple the first backgauge parts and multiple the second backgauge part are corresponding one by one respectively on the length direction of strut member 161, as shown in Figure 2.Certainly, the invention is not restricted to this, in other examples of the present invention, multiple the first backgauge parts and multiple the second backgauge part also can be on the length direction of strut member 161 staggered arrangement (scheming not shown).
Further, for example, in the example of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, backgauge part 162 is along laterally (fore-and-aft direction as shown in Figure 1) extension, and now backgauge part 162 is substantially vertical with strut member 161, that is to say, the angle between strut member 161 and each backgauge part 162 is roughly 90 °.But, in other examples of the present invention, backgauge part 162 is also tiltably connected on strut member 161, now the angle between strut member 161 and each backgauge part 162 is roughly between 0 °～90 ° or 90 °～180 °, here, it should be noted that, the angle between strut member 161 and each backgauge part 162 does not comprise 90 °.
Further, multiple backgauge parts 162 are evenly distributed on the both lateral sides of strut member 161.In other words, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, on the length direction of strut member 161, between backgauge part 162 adjacent one another are, spaced distance is roughly equal.
In an example of the present invention, strut member 161 is identical with the shape of backgauge part 162, particularly, as shown in Figure 2, each in strut member 161 and backgauge part 162 includes symmetrically arranged the first plate and the second plate on cross section, forms the angle of 30-180 degree between the first plate and the connection of the second plate upper end and the first plate and the second plate.
Further, on strut member 161, be formed with ventilating pit, be connected with the ventpipe 163 of vertical extension on ventilating pit, wherein air outlet is made up of ventpipe 163.For example, in the example of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the center of top of strut member 161 is formed with the ventilating pit that runs through it, ventpipe 163 vertically extends, and the bottom of ventpipe 163 is connected with ventilating pit, its top is connected with the top of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, the carbonizing gas producing after destructive distillation is discharged via ventpipe 163, and the composition of carbonizing gas can comprise methane, hydrogen, hydrocarbon polymer, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, nitrogen etc.Certainly, the invention is not restricted to this, in other example of the present invention, also can be formed with multiple ventilating pits on strut member 161, the ventpipe 163(figure that is connected with respectively multiple vertical extensions on multiple ventilating pits is not shown).
In one embodiment of the invention, organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 further comprises: multiple automatic discharging devices 170, multiple automatic discharging devices 170 are located at respectively the discharge gate 122 of multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 and sentence opening and closing discharge gate 122.As shown in Figure 1, multiple automatic discharging devices 170 are located at respectively the bottom of multiple destructive distillation chamber 120, and when automatic discharging device 170 is during in open mode, the solid matter that the interior destructive distillation of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 obtains can be discharged via discharge gate 122.
Further, with reference to Fig. 1, organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 also comprises sealing discharging storehouse 180 and chain type discharge device.Sealing discharging storehouse 180 is located at the bottom of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110, and sealing discharging storehouse 180 and pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 internal communication, wherein the bottom of multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 extend in sealing discharging storehouse 180, and the solid matter that destructive distillation obtains falls in sealing discharging storehouse 180 after discharging via discharge gate 122.
Chain type discharge device (scheming not shown) is located at material the discharge of in sealing discharging storehouse 180, discharging to receive automatic discharging device 170.
Further, organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 also comprises: support frame of furnace body 190, support frame of furnace body 190 is located on the outer side wall of lower portion of furnace body so that body of heater is supported.For example, in the example of Fig. 1, support frame of furnace body 190 is located at the bottom of body of heater, and is positioned at the top in sealing discharging storehouse 180.
The working process of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 is as follows: the material for the treatment of destructive distillation enters in organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 continuously, run into the high temperature hot gas being risen by bottom and carry out reverse exchange, remove the moisture that carry material outside, material is advanced into interior being dried respectively and destructive distillation in multiple destructive distillation chamber 120 of below under continuing, provide continuous carbonization thermal source by the electrically heated rod in destructive distillation chamber 120, the additive that the powder that such as smokeless fuel of the solid matter that destructive distillation afterwards obtains or building trade are used and cement industry use etc. is discharged by the automatic discharging device 170 of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 bottoms, the gas that destructive distillation obtains is discharged via the ventpipe 163 of pyrolysis gasification body of heater 110 tops.
In some embodiments of the invention, organic materials treatment system also comprises the dewatering unit (scheming not shown) for organic materials is dewatered, and dewatering unit is located between primary screen subset and organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100.Particularly, the impurity after primary screen subset screens out can carry out processed in dewatering unit.
As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of the invention, carbonization gas washing plant can comprise elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210.Particularly, as shown in Figure 3, elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 can comprise the first tower body 211 and flashback tank 212.
Wherein, the top of the first tower body 211 has the first carbonization gas entrance 2111, the carbonization gas producing through organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100, from discharge the air outlet of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100, can enter in the first tower body 211 and wash via this first carbonization gas entrance 2111.And the top of the first tower body 211 has the first recirculated water entrance 2112, what be worth understanding is, this the first recirculated water entrance 2112 is positioned at the first carbonization gas entrance 2111 tops, so that the carbonization gas entering from the first carbonization gas entrance 2111, mix through the recirculated water flowing into the first recirculated water entrance 2112 from the upper side, thereby complete washing.Elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 can be removed most of dust, the heavy wet goods in carbonization gas.
As shown in Figure 3, the middle part of the first tower body 211 can be provided with the first carbonization gas outlet 2113, at the interior carbonization gas through washing of the first tower body 211, can discharge and proceed from this first carbonization gas outlet 2113 operation in downstream.The bottom of the first tower body 211 is provided with water oil-in 2114, the carbonization gas producing through organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 is after the interior washing of the first tower body 211, can produce water-oil mixture body, this mixed solution can enter into from this water oil-in 2114 flashback tank 212 that is arranged in the first tower body 211 bottoms, be that flashback tank 212 is communicated with by this water oil-in 2114 with the first tower body 211, wherein, the top of flashback tank 212 is formed with the first tar overflow port 2121, in water-oil mixture body flow into flashback tank 212, and when liquid level slowly rises to the first tar overflow port 2121, water-oil mixture can overflow and can collect it from this first tar overflow port 2121, in order to avoid too much water-oil mixture is too much guided in the first tower body 211 from water oil-in 2114 in the interior storage of this flashback tank 212.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 can also be provided with water dispenser box 213.This water dispenser box 213 can be located at the top of the first tower body 211, and the first recirculated water entrance 2112 is located on water dispenser box 213.Particularly, this the first recirculated water entrance 2112 can be located at the top of water dispenser box 213, on the diapire of water dispenser box 213 or sidewall, can be provided with multiple water dispenser mouths, the recirculated water flowing into from the first recirculated water entrance 2112, can flow out from multiple water dispenser mouths, thus, recirculated water can flow to the first tower body 211 inside from multiple directions carbonization gas is cleaned, in other words, at the top of the first tower body 211, water dispenser box 213 is set, thereby can distribute equably recirculated water, improve the contact area of recirculated water and carbonization gas, clean more even.
In optional embodiment more of the present invention, elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 can also comprise multiple the first Venturi meters 214, multiple the first water spray pipe 215 and the second Venturi meter 216.Particularly, multiple the first Venturi meters 214, multiple the first water spray pipe 215 and the second Venturi meter 216 can all be located in the first tower body 211.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, multiple the first Venturi meters 214 can be arranged side by side and each the first Venturi meter 214 extends along vertical direction, and the top of multiple the first Venturi meters 214 can be lower than the first carbonization gas entrance 2111.Further, one end (example upper end as shown in Figure 3) of each the first water spray pipe 215 is connected with water dispenser box 213, particularly, each the first water spray pipe 215 upper ends can be connected on the multiple water dispenser mouths on water dispenser box 213, and each first water spray pipe 215 the other ends (example lower end as shown in Figure 3) can stretch in corresponding the first Venturi meter 214 to the carbonization gas entering from the first carbonization gas entrance 2111 is rinsed.That is to say, multiple the first water spray pipes 215 arrange one to one with multiple the first Venturi meters 214, like this, the carbonization gas entering from the first carbonization gas entrance 2111, can enter into respectively in multiple the first Venturi meters 214 that are arranged side by side, and rinse under the sprinkling of the first water spray pipe 215 in each the first Venturi meter 214.
Wherein, the second Venturi meter 216 can be positioned at multiple the first Venturi meter 214 belows, and the carbonization gas after rinsing respectively from multiple the first Venturi meters 214 can collect and flow to the bottom of the first tower body 211 in the second Venturi meter 216.
In some embodiments of the invention, carbonization gas washing plant can also comprise secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220.Secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 can be located at the downstream of elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210.
Particularly as shown in Figure 4, secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 comprises the second tower body 221, the second water spray pipe 222 and multiple distribution heat exchange tower tray 223.The bottom of the second tower body 221 has the second carbonization gas entrance 2211, and the carbonization gas of discharging from the first carbonization gas outlet 2113 of elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 can enter in secondary carbonization gas washing tower and carry out secondary washing from the second carbonization gas entrance 2211.The top of the second tower body 221 can be provided with the second carbonization gas outlet 2212, and the carbonization gas after 220 washings of secondary carbonization gas washing tower can be discharged from this second carbonization gas outlet 2212, and proceeds the operation in downstream.Wherein, secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 can be from removing the lightweight oil carbonization gas and being unfavorable for the washing liq of burning.
Alternatively, as shown in Figure 4, the second carbonization gas entrance 2211 is connected with dry main 226, and the other end of dry main 226 extends upwardly to the top that exceeds the second tower body 221.Like this, carbonization gas, from elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 is discharged, can flow in the second tower body 221 from dry main 226, can make thus to enter into carbonization gas in the second tower and first flow through one section of pipeline and carry out coolingly, improves cleaning performance.
Wherein, the second water spray pipe 222 can be provided with and insert into the inner from the middle part of the second tower body 221, and recirculated water can flow into and be sprayed onto the second his tower body from this second water spray pipe 222.Advantageously, the second water spray pipe 222 can be multiple and interval arranges, and on each the second water spray pipe 222, can be provided with multiple isolated water and spray mouthful, can make thus recirculated water more all be sprayed onto in the second tower, and then can improve the homogeneity of the flushing to carbonization gas.
As shown in Figure 4, multiple distribution heat exchange tower trays 223 can and be spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction along the radially setting of the second tower body 221.In other words, each distribution heat exchange tower tray 223 can be along the radially setting of the second tower body 221, and multiple distribution heat exchange tower tray 223 can be spaced apart from each other respectively along the vertical direction.Here what deserves to be explained is, the complicated component of carbonization gas is various, the density difference of the gas of each composition, can cause thus in the second tower body 221, the gaseous constituent that density is little can rise to the second tower body 221 tops rapidly, and the speed that the large gaseous constituent of density rises is relatively slower, for can being mixed, multicomponent gas discharges the second tower body 221, can arrange and distribute heat exchange tower tray 223 along the radial direction of the second tower body 221 thus, distribute thus heat exchange tower tray 223 to play the effect of keeping out to zooming gas, multi-component gas continues to rise after can mixing below distribution heat exchange tower tray 223 again.Further, by multiple multiple distribution heat exchange tower trays 223 that arrange are along the vertical direction set, thereby can multi-component gas through repeatedly mixing, finally discharge from the second carbonization gas outlet 2212 again.
Alternatively, secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 can also comprise water seal cylinder 224 and washings liquid discharge pipe 225.As shown in Figure 4, the top of water seal cylinder 224 has the second tar overflow port 2241, one end (for example upper end in Fig. 4) of washings liquid discharge pipe 225 is communicated with the bottom of the second tower body 221, for example, and the second end of washings liquid discharge pipe 225 (lower end in Fig. 4) extend into the bottom in water seal cylinder 224, the lower end of water seal cylinder 224 lower than the lower end of the second tower body 221 so that the water of condensation in the second tower body 221 is discharged in water seal cylinder 224.And by the second tar overflow port 2241 is set, thereby after can making to be pooled in water seal cylinder 224 to a certain degree, be that liquid level is while exceeding the second tar overflow port 2241, washings can be discharged and can collect it from this second tar overflow port 2241, in order to avoid washings is got back in the second tower body 221 from washings liquid discharge pipe 225 adverse currents.
As shown in Figure 4, in a preferred exemplary of the present invention, the bottom of the second tower body 221 can also be provided with cleanout opening 2213, and cleanout opening 2213 is lower than one end of washings liquid discharge pipe 225.By this cleanout opening 2213 is set, thereby operator can carry out the cleaning of impurity from this cleanout opening 2213, facilitate impurity or pollutant sediment to the second tower body 221 bottoms, even stop up washings liquid discharge pipe 225.
As shown in Figure 5, self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 can be located at the downstream of secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220, self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 comprises at least self-cleaning interchanger 310 of one-level, and each self-cleaning interchanger 310 comprises housing 311, multiple heat transfer tube 312, gas filter 313 and multiple self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray 314.
In housing 311, can there is directed along the vertical direction square tube shape gas compartment, the top of housing 311 has pneumatic outlet 3111, can discharge from this pneumatic outlet 3111 at the interior carbonization gas after clean of self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300, the bottom of housing 311 has gas inlet 3112, the carbonization gas of discharging from secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 like this, can flow into self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 and clean from this gas inlet 3112.
Multiple heat transfer tubes 312 are distributed as the multilayer being spaced apart from each other on above-below direction, and each heat transfer tube 312 can be configured to for example, be configured to plum blossom-shaped along laterally (in Fig. 5 with the perpendicular direction of above-below direction).In each heat transfer tube 312, be connected with water coolant, thus, the carbonization gas flowing out from gas inlet 3112 upwards flow, and with each heat exchange after carry out heat exchange, obtain cooling.Gas filter 313 be located at bottom in housing 311 and higher than gas inlet 3112 with to entering the gas filtration in housing 311, multiple self-cleaning heat exchange tower trays 314 are along the radially setting of housing 311 and be spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction, and wherein each self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray 314 can be arranged on wherein between two-layer heat transfer tube 312.Similar with the distribution heat exchange tower tray 223 in secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220, by self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray 314 is set, thereby can make the multi-component gas rising mix rear discharge.
Wherein, the bottom of housing 311 is provided with washings relief outlet 3113, and wherein washings, higher than washings relief outlet 3113, thus, can be discharged from this washings relief outlet 3113 in gas inlet 3112.
In a concrete example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray 314 comprises three.Can, guaranteeing, under other prerequisites that mix of multicomponent, to reduce equipment investment, reduce costs thus.
As shown in Figure 5, in an optional example of the present invention, on housing 311, can have cooling water connector 3114, cooling water connector 3114 is communicated with to feed water coolant with multiple heat transfer tubes 312.
On the outer wall of housing 311, be also provided with water wall 315.On this water wall 315, can pass into water coolant with this, with further with self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 in carbonization gas carry out heat exchange, make it cooling.
In some embodiments of the invention, each self-cleaning interchanger 310 can also comprise that outlet flutters day with fog 316, self-cleaning uniform divider 317 and desulfurizing scrubber 318.
Outlet is flutterred day with fog 316 and is located in housing 311 and is arranged in pneumatic outlet 3111 belows and separate with the drop that gas is mingled with, self-cleaning uniform divider 317 is located at multiple heat transfer tubes 312 tops and carries out uniformly distributing with the gas in housing 311, desulfurizing scrubber 318 is located in housing 311 and flutters between day with fog 316 and self-cleaning uniform divider 317, so that gas is carried out to desulfurization in outlet.
That is to say, pneumatic outlet 3111, outlet are flutterred day with fog 316, desulfurizing scrubber 318, self-cleaning uniform divider 317 and self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray 314 and are arranged in order from top to bottom.
To sum up, after washing, gas carries out de-oiling, dehydration, cooling through self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300, and the lightweight oil that self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300 produces and weakly alkaline liquid can carry out desulfurization, de-naphthalene to gas.
In some embodiments of the invention, organic materials treatment system can also comprise washings circulation vessel (scheming not shown).Washings circulation vessel is communicated with the second tar overflow port 2241 and second water spray pipe 222 of the first tar overflow port 2121 of elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 and the first recirculated water entrance 2112, secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 respectively, the first washings that wherein the interior first washing of elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 produces is afterwards discharged in washings circulation vessel and isolates tar, dust and the first water of condensation from the first tar overflow port 2121, and the first water of condensation is got back to the first recirculated water entrance 2112; The second washings producing after secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 interior secondary washing is discharged to state in washings circulation vessel from the second tar overflow port 2241 isolates tar, dust and the second water of condensation, and the first water of condensation is got back to the second water spray pipe 222.
That is to say, by this washings circulation vessel is set, thereby elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 can be entered to the impurity such as tar, dust that interior washing produces with secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 separates with water of condensation, and by water of condensation send back to elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 enter with secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220 in, carry out recycle.Tar after sedimentation can regularly be drawn to oil tank China and foreign countries and sell.
Further, the washings that this washings circulation vessel can also be connected and discharge to receive with the self-cleaning interchanger 310 of one-level at least, and the impurity such as tar, dust in this washings is separated with the 3rd water of condensation, and the 3rd water of condensation is sent back to cooling water connector 3114.
According to the organic materials treatment system of the embodiment of the present invention, carry out destructive distillation and produce carbonization gas by first organic materials being passed into organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100, again carbonization gas is passed into successively in carbonization gas washing plant and self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment 300, carry out washing, purifying and processing, finally can obtain clean flammable carbonizing gas, can reduce thus the impact of organic materials on environment, and by the above-mentioned treating processes to organic materials, the flammable energy can also be obtained, thereby the maximization of organic materials utility value can be made.
As mentioned above, according to organic materials treatment system of the present invention, not only can obtain the recovering of vaporized hydrocarbons rate up to 98%, and the gas yield of routine lignitoid conny can reach 400m
3/ t raw coal, calorific value is at 17MJ/m
3left and right.
In process of production, the temperature of organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100 inside can arbitrarily regulate, start production and stop production process simple, technique whole process can realize automatization control, the inflammable gas producing both can, with the generating of internal combustion generator group, also can replace town gas or Sweet natural gas for user directly.This technique can also further be applicable to following material: the organic materials mixtures such as the byproduct schlempe of domestic refuse, agricultural byproducts stalk, cotton stalk wine brewing and vinasse, plant leaves, industrial refuse, medical waste, domestic refuse.
In the time that organic materials treatment system according to the present invention is used for cracking low-rank coal foam and resinous shale foam, production process is safe and reliable, operation is full-automatic, discharge without three wastes material, make coal at a low price become smokeless fuel, reduce the pollution to environment, the Application Areas of coal is more extensive, environmental protection.
Describe according to the organic materials treatment process of second aspect present invention embodiment below with reference to Fig. 6.
As shown in Figure 6, this treatment process comprises the following steps:
S1, organic materials is completely cut off to air destructive distillation and produces solid materials, carbonization gas and tar; This step can complete in organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace 100.
S2, to carbonization gas carry out washing, purifying with remove tar; This step can complete in carbonization gas washing plant, particularly, can in elementary carbonization gas washing tower 210 and secondary carbonization gas washing tower 220, complete.
S3, the carbonization gas after washing, purifying in step S2 is carried out to elementary de-oiling, dehydration, desulfurization, de-naphthalene, and obtain clean gas.
By above-mentioned steps, the impurity such as tar, dust in organic materials can be separated, and carry out de-oiling, dehydration, desulfurization, de-naphthalene, and obtain clean gas, finally can obtain clean gas, can reach industry and civilian combustible gas use standard.
Further, step S2 can comprise the steps:
S21, carbonization gas is carried out to first washing to remove dust and heavy tar.Particularly, in this step, can carry out the first washing of spraying by the recirculated cooling water of 60-65 degree.
S22, to carbonization gas carry out secondary washing with remove tar light oil.Particularly, in this step, can carry out secondary washing by the cold cycle water coolant of 40-60 degree.
Further also comprise the steps:
S4, step S2 is processed with in S3 after the washings that obtains reclaim, sedimentation separate to obtain dust, tar and water coolant, in cooling water circulation treating processes of getting back to step S2.Particularly, in this step, also comprise that washings is heated to 60-65 degree isolates tar with natural sedimentation.
S5, the solid materials producing in step S1 is reclaimed.
In optional embodiment more of the present invention, in the time for example processing the organic materialss such as domestic refuse, further comprising the steps of before step S1:
S01: organic materials is carried out to elementary screening.This step can be carried out in primary screen subset.Particularly, this light material is crushed to below 8 millimeters.
S02: the organic materials that step S01 is obtained carries out processed and light material fragmentation is wherein pulverized.This step can complete in dewatering unit.
By adopting according to organic materials treatment process of the present invention, the impurity such as tar, dust in organic materials can be separated, and carry out de-oiling, dehydration, desulfurization, de-naphthalene, and obtain clean gas, finally can obtain clean gas, can reach industry and civilian combustible gas use standard.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " illustrative examples ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with suitable mode combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: in the situation that not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (23)
1. an organic materials treatment system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, on described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, be formed with opening for feed and its top has air outlet and bottom has discharge gate, wherein said organic materials enters and in described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace, completely cuts off air destructive distillation and discharge from described discharge gate from described opening for feed, and the carbonization gas of generation is discharged from described air outlet;
Carbonization gas washing plant, described carbonization gas washing plant is connected to the downstream of described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace and the carbonization gas of discharging from described air outlet is received and washing, purifying.
2. organic materials treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, further comprises:
Self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment, described self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment is connected to the downstream of described carbonization gas washing plant so that the carbonization gas after washing is carried out to automatically cleaning processing, to obtain required flammable carbonizing gas.
3. organic materials treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace comprises:
Pyrolysis gasification body of heater, described air outlet is located at the top of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater;
Multiple destructive distillation chamber, described multiple destructive distillation chamber juxtaposition in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater and two adjacent described destructive distillation chambers be spaced apart from each other, described discharge gate is located at respectively the bottom in each described destructive distillation chamber; And
Electrically heated rod, it is indoor the indoor material of described multiple destructive distillation is completely cut off to air destructive distillation to produce solid carbonaceous material and carbonization gas that described electrically heated rod is located at described multiple destructive distillation vertically.
4. organic materials treatment system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described organic materials carbonization decomposition vapourizing furnace also comprises:
Top feed bin, the top of described top feed bin is opened wide, and the bottom of described top feed bin is communicated with the opening for feed of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater; And
Automatic feeding device, described automatic feeding device is located between the bottom of described top feed bin and the opening for feed of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater, feeds in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater with the material of controlling in the feed bin of top.
5. organic materials treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the opening for feed place of described pyrolysis gasification body of heater is further provided with the distribution passage for distributing material, and described distribution channels configuration becomes described material is introduced in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater equably.
6. organic materials treatment system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described distribution tunnel-shaped becomes down Y shape and comprises the upper channel, the first lower channel and the second lower channel that communicate with each other, the top of wherein said upper channel is communicated with the bottom of described top feed bin, and the bottom of the first lower channel and the second lower channel is led to respectively in described pyrolysis gasification body of heater.
7. organic materials treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described vapourizing furnace further comprises: distribution device, and described distribution device is located at described opening for feed below and distributes with the material that described opening for feed is fed, and described distribution device comprises:
Strut member, described strut member is extending longitudinally along described pyrolysis gasification body of heater;
Multiple backgauge parts, one end of each described backgauge part is connected on described strut member and the other end extends transversely to the inwall place of contiguous described pyrolysis gasification body of heater.
8. organic materials treatment system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, on described strut member, is formed with ventilating pit, on described ventilating pit, is connected with ventpipe, and one end of described ventpipe is connected to described air outlet.
9. organic materials treatment system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, further comprises:
Multiple automatic discharging devices, described multiple automatic discharging devices are located at respectively the discharge gate of multiple destructive distillation chamber and sentence the described discharge gate of opening and closing.
10. organic materials treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described carbonization gas washing plant comprises elementary carbonization gas washing tower, and described elementary carbonization gas washing tower comprises:
The first tower body, the top of described the first tower body has the first carbonization gas entrance and top has the first recirculated water entrance, and the middle part of described the first tower body is provided with the first carbonization gas outlet and bottom is provided with water oil-in; And
Flashback tank, described flashback tank is communicated with by described water oil-in with described the first tower body, and the top of described flashback tank is formed with the first tar overflow port.
11. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 10, is characterized in that, further comprise:
Water dispenser box, described water dispenser box is located at the top of described the first tower body, and described the first recirculated water entrance is located on described water dispenser box.
12. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 11, is characterized in that, described elementary carbonization gas washing tower also comprises:
Multiple side by side, vertical the first Venturi meters that extend, described multiple the first Venturi meters are located in described the first tower body, and the top of described multiple the first Venturi meters is lower than described the first carbonization gas entrance;
Multiple the first water spray pipes, one end of each described the first water spray pipe is connected with described water dispenser box and the other end stretches in corresponding described the first Venturi meter to the carbonization gas entering from described the first carbonization gas entrance is rinsed; And
The second Venturi meter, described the second Venturi meter is located in described tower body and is positioned at described multiple the first Venturi meter below.
13. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described carbonization gas washing plant also comprises secondary carbonization gas washing tower, and described secondary carbonization gas washing tower comprises:
The second tower body, the bottom of described the second tower body has the second carbonization gas entrance and top has the second carbonization gas outlet;
The second water spray pipe, described the second water spray pipe stretches in described the second tower body from the middle part of described the second tower body; And
Multiple distribution heat exchange tower trays, the radially setting of the second tower body and being spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction described in described multiple distribution heat exchange columns rim.
14. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described secondary carbonization gas washing tower also comprises:
Water seal cylinder, the top of described water seal cylinder has the second tar overflow port; And
Washings liquid discharge pipe, one end of described washings liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of described the second tower body and the second end extend into the bottom in described water seal cylinder, the lower end of described water seal cylinder lower than the lower end of described the second tower body so that the water of condensation in described the second tower body is discharged in described water seal cylinder.
15. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described the second carbonization gas entrance is connected with dry main, and the other end of described dry main extends upwardly to the top that exceeds described the second tower body.
16. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 14, is characterized in that, described self-cleaning heat-exchange equipment comprises at least self-cleaning interchanger of one-level, and each described self-cleaning interchanger comprises:
Housing, the top of described housing has pneumatic outlet, bottom has gas inlet and washings relief outlet, and wherein said gas inlet is higher than described washings relief outlet;
Multiple heat transfer tubes, described multiple heat transfer tubes are distributed as the multilayer being spaced apart from each other on above-below direction, in each described heat transfer tube, are connected with water coolant;
Gas filter, described gas filter be located at bottom in described housing and higher than described gas inlet with to entering the gas filtration in described housing; And
Multiple self-cleaning heat exchange tower trays, the radially setting of housing and being spaced apart from each other along the vertical direction described in described multiple self-cleaning heat exchange columns rim, wherein each self-cleaning heat exchange tower tray can be arranged on wherein between two-layer heat transfer tube.
17. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 16, is characterized in that on described housing, having entrance of cooling water and outlet, and described cooling water connector is communicated with to feed water coolant with described multiple heat transfer tubes.
18. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 17, is characterized in that, are also provided with water wall on the outer wall of described housing.
19. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 16, is characterized in that, each described self-cleaning interchanger also comprises:
Day with fog is flutterred in outlet, and described outlet is flutterred day with fog and is located in described housing and is arranged in described pneumatic outlet below and separate with the drop that gas is mingled with;
Self-cleaning uniform divider, described self-cleaning uniform divider is located at described multiple heat transfer tubes top and carries out uniformly distributing with the gas in described housing; And
Desulfurizing scrubber, described desulfurizing scrubber is located in described housing and flutters between day with fog and described self-cleaning uniform divider in described outlet.
20. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 16, is characterized in that, described gas inlet is connected with dry main, and the other end of described dry main extends upwardly to the top that exceeds described housing.
21. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 16, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Washings circulation vessel, described washings circulation vessel is communicated with the second tar overflow port and second water spray pipe of the first tar overflow port of described elementary carbonization gas washing tower and the first recirculated water entrance, described secondary carbonization gas washing tower respectively,
The first washings producing after first washing in wherein said elementary carbonization gas washing tower is discharged in described washings circulation vessel and isolates tar, dust and the first water of condensation from described the first tar overflow port, and described the first water of condensation is got back to described the first recirculated water entrance;
The second washings producing after secondary washing in described secondary carbonization gas washing tower is discharged in described washings circulation vessel and isolates tar, dust and the second water of condensation from described the second tar overflow port, and described the first water of condensation is got back to described the second water spray pipe.
22. organic materials treatment systems according to claim 21, is characterized in that, the washings that described washings circulation vessel is further connected and discharges to receive with the self-cleaning interchanger of one-level at least.
23. according to the organic materials treatment system described in any one in claim 1-22, it is characterized in that, described organic materials is low-rank coal foam and/or resinous shale foam.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310727163.5A CN103881738B (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-12-25 | Organic materials treatment system |
| BR112015030168-1A BR112015030168B1 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2014-05-23 | DRY DISTILLATION AND GASIFICATION OVEN FOR ORGANIC MATERIALS, AND SYSTEM FOR ORGANIC MATERIALS PROCESSING |
| PCT/CN2014/078332 WO2014198180A1 (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2014-05-23 | Organic material dry distillation pyrolysis gasifier, treatment system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013102315603 | 2013-06-09 | ||
| CN201310231560 | 2013-06-09 | ||
| CN201310231560.3 | 2013-06-09 | ||
| CN201310727163.5A CN103881738B (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-12-25 | Organic materials treatment system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103881738A true CN103881738A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| CN103881738B CN103881738B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| CN201310254205.8A Active CN103881737B (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-21 | Organic materials treatment system and method |
| CN201320359809.4U Expired - Fee Related CN203593726U (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-21 | Organic material processing system |
| CN201310727163.5A Active CN103881738B (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-12-25 | Organic materials treatment system |
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| CN201320359809.4U Expired - Fee Related CN203593726U (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-21 | Organic material processing system |
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| WO (1) | WO2014198075A1 (en) |
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| WO2018210204A1 (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | 山东汉菱电气有限公司 | Material processing device, group and system thereof, and method for use in processing organic materials |
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| CN103881737B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2016-05-04 | 山东汉菱电气有限公司 | Organic materials treatment system and method |
| CN106015594B (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2018-03-27 | 山东汉菱电气有限公司 | Material handling apparatus |
| CN108362163A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-08-03 | 江苏牧羊控股有限公司 | A kind of powder cooler |
| CN109825320B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2024-02-13 | 内蒙古蓝色火宴科技环保股份公司 | Small-particle-size coal preparation molded coal cracking environment-friendly type circulating power generation system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103881737B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN103881737A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| CN203593726U (en) | 2014-05-14 |
| CN103881738B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| WO2014198075A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
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