CN103876803B - Femoral artery compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a femoral artery compressor. The femoral artery compressor includes a rotating disk, a first motor, an electric cylinder, a compression bar, a second motor, a compression head and a control system. The first motor is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate. The electric cylinder stands on the rotating disk. The electric cylinder includes a piston and a third motor. The compression bar is connected to the piston. The compression bar is a telescopic structure and the second motor is used to drive the compression bar to expand and contract. The compression head is fixed on the bottom of the compression bar. At the free end, the control system includes a camera, a single-chip microcomputer, three motor drivers, an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the automatic compression of the puncture point of the femoral artery is realized, and the compression strength suitable for the patient is realized.

Description

Femoral Compressor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a femoral artery compressor.

Background technique

In clinical practice, femoral artery puncture is often used to collect arterial blood samples or some special examinations, pressurized blood transfusion in emergency, and used for regional chemotherapy. After the blood transfusion or blood draw is over, the needle should be pulled out quickly. Usually, three to five sterile cotton swabs or gauze should be used locally to press the femoral artery puncture point for more than 15 minutes. After the operation, the patients were scarce and had no strength to press the femoral artery puncture point for a long time. However, if the femoral artery puncture point was not pressed in time, a large amount of blood would flow out of the body, threatening the patient's life.

A femoral artery compression hemostat with application number 201320420365.0 is disclosed in the Chinese patent, which includes a support base plate, on which a compression support column is arranged at one end, and a retrograde fixing device is provided at the other end; the compression support On the column, a compression bar that can move up and down is arranged; one end of the compression bar is connected to the compression support column, and the other end is connected to a compression head. Although this technical solution realizes the compression of the femoral artery puncture point by the compression head by adjusting the height of the compression cross bar on the compression support column, it replaces the manual compression. But this femoral artery compression hemostat also needs others to fix the support base plate on the human body, which is inconvenient to operate, and when adjusting the distance between the compression head and the support base plate, it is only known that the adjustment compression head has touched the femoral artery puncture point, and the pressure is not known. Severity, if the compression is too heavy, the human body will be over-extruded, and the human body will feel uncomfortable; if the compression is too light, the compression force will be insufficient, and blood will overflow at the puncture point of the femoral artery.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a femoral artery compressor, which realizes the automatic compression of the puncture point of the femoral artery and realizes the compression strength suitable for the patient.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: firstly, the present invention provides a femoral artery compressor, which includes a rotating disk, a first motor, an electric cylinder, a compression bar, a second motor, a compression Head and control system, the first motor is used to drive the rotating disc to rotate, the electric cylinder stands on the rotating disc, the electric cylinder includes a piston and a third motor, the pressing bar is connected with the piston, the pressing bar is a telescopic structure and the second motor is used The compression head is fixed on the free end of the compression bar. The control system includes a camera, a single-chip microcomputer, three motor drivers, an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver. The camera is connected to the single-chip computer through a data bus and a control bus. Both the transmitter and the infrared receiver are connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the three output ends of the single-chip microcomputer are respectively connected with three motor drivers, and the three motor drivers are respectively connected with the first motor, the second motor and the third motor.

Further, the rotating disk includes a disk body, a first rotating wheel and a second rotating wheel, the first rotating wheel is connected to the disk body, the edge of the second rotating wheel is connected with the first rotating wheel through a belt, and the second rotating wheel The center is connected with the rotating shaft of the first motor.

Still further, the femoral artery compressor also includes a machine base, on which the disc body is arranged, and the first rotating wheel, the second rotating wheel and the first motor are assembled in the machine base.

Further, the femoral artery compressor also includes a bearing plate.

Further, the compressor also includes a guide rod, which is arranged parallel to the cylinder body of the electric cylinder, and the compression cross bar is placed on the guide rod.

Further, the compressor also includes a positioning pole and a positioning crossbar, the positioning pole is arranged parallel to the cylinder body of the electric cylinder, the sliding sleeve of the positioning crossbar is placed on the positioning pole, and the camera and the infrared transmitter are both arranged on the positioning pole. On the pole, the infrared receiver is arranged on the positioning cross bar.

Further, the pressing bar includes a sleeve rod, a telescopic rod, a spring, a motor casing, a roller and a pull cord. The sleeve rod is placed on the guide rod and connected with the piston of the electric cylinder. The telescopic rod shuttles in the sleeve rod, and the spring Set in the sleeve rod and connected with the telescopic rod, the second motor is assembled in the motor casing, the roller is assembled in the motor casing and connected with the rotation shaft of the second motor, and one end of the pull rope is coiled on the pull rope on the roller , the other end of the stay rope is fixedly connected with the telescopic rod.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the femoral artery compressor finally realizes the automatic compression of the puncture point, and the compression intensity is suitable.

Description of drawings

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the femoral artery compressor of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the machine base and the rotating disk in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the control system of the femoral artery compressor of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Embodiment: As shown in Figure 1, it is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. The femoral artery compressor includes a bearing plate 2 placed close to the surface of the bed 1, a machine base 3 arranged on the side of the bearing plate 2, a rotating disk 4, a first motor 44 for driving the rotating disk 4 to rotate, standing on a rotating The electric cylinder 5 on the disk 4, the guide rod 6 arranged parallel to the cylinder body 50 of the electric cylinder 5, the compression cross bar 7 that is sleeved on the guide rod 6 and connected with the piston 52 of the electric cylinder 5, and used to drive the compression cross bar The second motor for telescoping the rod 7, the positioning cross bar 8, the compression head 9 arranged at the free end of the compression cross bar 7 and the control system.

Specifically, please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the electric cylinder 5 includes a third motor 53, a cylinder 50, a screw 51 disposed in the cylinder 50, and a piston 52 connected to the screw 51, the third motor 53 links to each other with screw mandrel 51 by gear set.

The rotating disk 4 includes a disk body 40 , a first rotating wheel 41 connected to the disk body 40 , and a second rotating wheel 43 connected to the first rotating wheel 41 through a belt 42 . The first motor 44, the second rotating wheel 43 and the first rotating wheel 41 are all assembled in the support 3, the edge of the second rotating wheel 43 is connected with the first rotating wheel 41 by a belt 42, and the center of the second rotating wheel 43 Connected to the rotating shaft of the first motor 44 , the first rotating wheel 41 is connected with the belt 42 in the base 3 and passed out and connected with the disk body 40 . The third motor 53 is assembled in the disk body 40 .

Please continue to refer to Fig. 2, the compression bar 7 includes a sleeve rod 70, a telescopic rod 71 for shuttling through the sleeve rod 70, a spring arranged in the sleeve rod 70 and connected to the telescopic rod 71, and communicated with the sleeve rod 70. The motor housing 72, the roller assembled in the motor housing 72 and connected to the rotating shaft of the second motor, and the stay rope 73 with one end coiled on the roller, the sleeve rod 70 that presses the cross bar 7 is placed on the guide rod 6 And connected with the piston 52, the free end of the stay rope 73 is fixedly connected with the telescopic rod 71, and the compression cross bar 7 is fixedly arranged on the free end of the telescopic rod 71. The second motor is assembled in the motor casing 72 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 2 , a pulley 75 is provided at the place where the stay rope 73 enters the sleeve rod 70 from the motor casing 72 , and the free end of the stay rope 73 passes through the pulley 75 and is placed inside the rod 70 .

Please refer to Fig. 2, a positioning upright bar 80 parallel to the guide rod 6 is erected on the load plate 2, and the positioning upright bar 80 is located between the two legs and close to the joint between the thigh and the human body during use, and the positioning cross bar 8 is slidingly sleeved. Place it on the positioning pole 80. A positioning hole is arranged on the positioning vertical rod 80, and the positioning cross bar 8 is fixed with the positioning hole by a latch.

Please continue to refer to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the control system includes a camera 11 installed on the positioning pole 80, a single-chip microcomputer 13, three motor drivers 12, an infrared transmitter 14 arranged on the positioning pole 80, and an infrared transmitter 14 arranged on the positioning pole 80. Infrared receiver 15 on the crossbar 8, camera 11 links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 13 by data bus, control bus, infrared transmitter 14 and infrared receiver 15 all link to each other with single-chip microcomputer 13, simultaneously, three output terminals of single-chip microcomputer 13 are connected to three respectively. The three motor drivers 12 are connected to the first motor 44, the second motor and the third motor 53 respectively.

A control method of a femoral artery compressor comprises:

Step 1, obtaining the horizontal position information of the puncture point, and controlling the rotation angle of the rotating disc and the elongation length of the compression bar according to the horizontal position information of the puncture point; and

Step 2, obtain the vertical height of the puncture point, and control the moving distance of the electric cylinder according to the vertical height of the puncture point.

Specifically, the specific method of obtaining the horizontal position information of the puncture point in step 1 is:

Obtain each pixel data of the planar image of the puncture point from the camera 11;

Using the gray values of all pixels in the image, calculate the gray mean and gray variance of the image;

Read the grayscale values of all pixels of the image, and judge whether the grayscale values of each pixel are less than the difference between the grayscale mean value minus the grayscale variance value one by one, and if so, determine that the image element of the pixel is a specified value;

The statistical image element is the center point of the pixel with the specified value, and the position information of the center point is the horizontal position information of the puncture point.

The image of the plane where the puncture point is located with the location of the positioning pole 80 as the coordinate origin is obtained by the camera 11. The puncture point is red. If the red color of the puncture point is not obvious, you can smear the mercurine solution on the puncture point. The skin is yellow, so as to puncture The color of the dots differs greatly from the color of the skin and is easy to identify. Compared with yellow, red is darker, and the gray value corresponding to red is larger.

Suppose the image obtained by the camera 11 is an M×N image, the gray value of each pixel (i,j) is f(i,j), and the number of pixels in the image is S=M×N, then the image’s gray mean $T=\frac{1}{S}\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}f(i,j);$ Variance is ${\mathrm{the\; s}}^2=\frac{1}{S-1}\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{\[f(i,j)-T\]}^2.$

Read the gray value of all pixels in the image, and judge whether the gray value of each pixel is less than the difference between the mean value of the gray value minus the variance. The specific method is: calculate the image element of the image

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}& <span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Greater\; Equal;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}& <span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&angle;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\end{array}\right.$

In this embodiment, when the grayscale value is less than the grayscale mean value minus the variance difference, the specified value of the image element is 1; when the grayscale value is roughly equal to the grayscale value minus the variance difference, the specified value of the image element is 0 .

Perform statistics on each pixel whose specified value of the image element is equal to 1, calculate the mean value of the i-axis and the mean value of the j-axis of the coordinates (i, j) of each pixel, and the coordinates of the center point are extremely (i, j).

The method for obtaining the vertical height of the puncture point in step 2 is:

Control infrared ray emitter 14 to send infrared rays, infrared ray receiver 15 receives the infrared ray from infrared ray emitter 14, calculates the time difference between the time when infrared ray emitter 14 sends infrared rays and the time when infrared ray receiver 15 receives infrared rays;

The vertical height of the puncture point is calculated by the time difference and the infrared propagation speed.

The working principle of the present invention: when in use, the patient's thigh is placed on the bearing plate 2 and passed between the electric cylinder 5 and the positioning pole 8 .

First, the specific implementation of step one is as follows: the camera 11 obtains the plan view of the puncture point, and the single-chip microcomputer 13 obtains the horizontal plane coordinates of the central point (that is: the horizontal position information of the puncture point) by obtaining the horizontal position information of the puncture point. The horizontal plane coordinates of the center point calculate the rotation angle of the first motor 44 and the rotation angle of the second motor. The rotation of the first motor 44 makes the rotating disk 4 rotate, and the compression bar 7 stretches out toward the puncture point; the rotation of the second motor pulls the stay cord 73, and realizes the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod 71 under the joint action of the stay cord 73 and the spring, so that Compression head 9 arrives directly above the puncture point.

Then, the specific implementation of step 2 is as follows: the single-chip microcomputer 13 is by calculating the difference between the emission time of the infrared transmitter and the receiving time of the infrared receiver 15, and the single-chip microcomputer 13 multiplies the difference of the receiving time obtained with the propagation velocity of the infrared rays to obtain the vertical height . After step 1, the compression head 9 is directly above the puncture point, and the single-chip microcomputer 13 controls the rotation angle of the third motor 53 according to the obtained vertical height, so that the compression head 9 presses the puncture point, and the single-chip microcomputer 13 controls the descent of the compression head 9 The distance is "vertical height+0.4cm", so that the patient's pain will not be caused by the excessive drop distance of the compression head 9, and the puncture point will not be compressed because the drop distance of the compression head 9 is too small.

The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structures made using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings are directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, and are equally applicable to the present invention. within the scope of patent protection.

Claims (7)

1. a femoral artery compressor, it is characterized in that, this femoral artery compressor comprises rolling disc, first motor, electric cylinder, compressing cross bar, second motor, compressing head and control system, first motor is for driving turn disc, electric cylinder stands on rolling disc, electric cylinder comprises piston and the 3rd motor, compressing cross bar is connected with piston, compressing cross bar is stretching structure and the second motor stretches for driving compressing cross bar, compressing head is fixed on the free end of compressing cross bar, control system comprises video camera, single-chip microcomputer, three motor drivers, RF transmitter and infrared receiver, video camera passes through data/address bus, control bus is connected with single-chip microcomputer, RF transmitter is all connected with single-chip microcomputer with infrared receiver, three outfans of single-chip microcomputer are connected respectively at three motor drivers, three motor drivers respectively with the first motor, second motor and the 3rd motor are connected.

2. femoral artery compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rolling disc comprises dish body, the first moving runner and the second moving runner, first moving runner is connected on dish body, the edge of the second moving runner is connected with the first moving runner by belt, and the center of the second moving runner connects the turning cylinder of the first motor.

3. femoral artery compressor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described femoral artery compressor also comprises support, and dish body is arranged on support, and the first moving runner, the second moving runner and the first motor all collect and be loaded in support.

4. the femoral artery compressor according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described femoral artery compressor also comprises loading plate.

5. femoral artery compressor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described compressor also comprises guide post, and the cylinder body of guide post and electric cylinder be arranged in parallel, and compressing cross bar is placed on guide post.

6. femoral artery compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compressor also comprises location vertical rod and location cross bar, the cylinder body of location vertical rod and electric cylinder be arranged in parallel, location cross bar slip cap is placed in the vertical rod of location, video camera and RF transmitter are all arranged in the vertical rod of location, and infrared receiver is arranged on the cross bar of location.

7. femoral artery compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compressing cross bar comprises loop bar, expansion link, spring, motor housing, roller and stay cord, loop bar is placed on guide post and with the piston of electric cylinder and is connected, expansion link shuttles back and forth in loop bar, spring to be arranged in loop bar and to be connected with expansion link, second motor collection is loaded in motor housing, roller collection to be loaded in motor housing and to be connected with the turning cylinder of the second motor, the stay cord of one end convolution on roller of stay cord, the other end of stay cord is fixedly connected with expansion link.