CN103869488B - three-dimensional display - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional display, which includes a display panel, a barrier panel and a backlight module. The barrier panel has alternately arranged light-transmitting areas and light-shielding areas, and each light-transmitting area includes two refractive areas and a non-refractive area located between the refractive areas. The barrier panel includes first and second substrates arranged oppositely, an optically anisotropic medium located between the two substrates, and first and second electrode layers. The first electrode layer is located between the first substrate and the optically anisotropic medium. The second electrode layer is located between the second substrate and the optically anisotropic medium. When the barrier panel is enabled, the phase retardation of the optical anisotropic medium in the refractive region is between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region and the phase retardation in the non-refractive region, so that the light passing through the refractive region is deflected toward the non-refractive region. The present invention can maintain or improve the brightness of a three-dimensional display, and can effectively reduce or adjust the degree of residual images.

Description

stereoscopic display

technical field

The invention relates to a display, in particular to a stereoscopic display.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous advancement of display technology, users have higher and higher requirements on the display quality (such as image resolution, color saturation, etc.) of the display. However, in addition to high image resolution and high color saturation, displays capable of displaying stereoscopic images have also been developed in order to satisfy users' demands for viewing real images.

Currently, the fastest-growing and mature stereoscopic display technology is spatial-multiplexed technology. In spatial multiplexing stereoscopic display technology, in order to create a stereoscopic image effect, a parallax barrier or a lenticular lens is often used to form different viewing zones in space so that the viewer's right eye and left eye are separated from each other. Receive different image information. Among them, the barrier process technology is more mature than the lens process technology, so it is widely used in products.

Generally speaking, a traditional stereoscopic display using a parallax barrier cannot perfectly allow only the left and right eyes to receive the image information that should be received, and usually some wrong image information will enter the eyes. For example, the image information of the right eye should only be received by the right eye, but due to imperfect occlusion, part of the image information of the right eye is also received by the left eye, so the left eye will receive the image information of the left and right eyes at the same time. This phenomenon is called X-talk. At present, the main method used to improve the afterimage phenomenon is to increase the shielding area to reduce the degree of afterimage, but at the same time, it will also reduce the light transmission area. That is to say, with the decrease of the slit ratio (that is, the decrease of the light-transmitting area), although the degree of image sticking can be reduced, it will also lead to the problem of decreased brightness, which further affects the display quality. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the degree of image sticking and maintain or increase the brightness without changing the aperture ratio is one of the research topics that the industry is devoted to.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a stereoscopic display, which can maintain or increase brightness and effectively reduce or adjust the degree of afterimage.

The invention provides a stereoscopic display, which includes a display panel, a barrier panel and a backlight module. The display panel has opposite first and second sides. The barrier panel is located on the first side of the display panel. The barrier panel has a plurality of light-transmitting regions and a plurality of light-shielding regions arranged alternately, and each light-transmitting region includes two refraction regions and a non-refraction region, and the non-refraction region is located between the two refraction regions. between. The barrier panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, an optically anisotropic medium, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer. The second substrate is located opposite to the first substrate. The optical anisotropic medium is located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first electrode layer is disposed between the first substrate and the optical anisotropic medium. The second electrode layer is disposed between the second substrate and the optical anisotropic medium. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are arranged so that when the barrier panel is enabled (that is, turned on), the phase retardation (Phase Retardation) of the optical anisotropic medium in the refraction region is between that in the light shielding region Between the phase retardation and the phase retardation in the non-refractive region, the light emitted through each refraction region is deflected toward the corresponding non-refractive region. The backlight module is located on the second side of the display panel to provide light.

Based on the above, under the condition of not changing the aperture ratio, since each light transmission area has a refraction area, the light can be concentrated towards the non-refraction area, and the optical anisotropic medium in the light transmission area of the present invention has a similar lens or prism effect, so the present invention can maintain or improve the brightness of the stereoscopic display, and can effectively reduce or adjust the degree of afterimage.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stereoscopic display according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the barrier panel of FIG. 1 .

3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-transmitting region of the barrier panel along the line I-I' in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 3A is enabled.

4A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of the phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 4A is enabled.

5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of the phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 5A is enabled.

6A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of the phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 6A is enabled.

7A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of the phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 7A is enabled.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the display brightness and the tilted viewing angle when the stereoscopic display is viewed at different tilted viewing angles.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between afterimages and oblique viewing angles when viewing a stereoscopic display at different oblique viewing angles.

Wherein, the reference signs are explained as follows:

100: stereoscopic display

110: display panel

110a: first side

110b: second side

112: Substrate

114: pixel array

116: opposite substrate

118: display media

120: Barrier Panel

120A: Translucent area

120B: shading area

122: First substrate

124: first electrode layer

124a: first sub-electrode

124b: first dielectric layer

126: Second substrate

128: Second electrode layer

128a: second sub-electrode

128b: second dielectric layer

130: Optically anisotropic media

140: Backlight module

150: Phase delay distribution

160: Bump

160a: bevel

210, 220, 310, 320: curve

1202: Refraction zone

1202a: sub-refractive zone

1204: Non-refractive zone

1242, 1282: lower electrode pattern layer

1244, 1284: upper electrode pattern layer

I-I': line

L: light

X, Y, Z: direction

detailed description

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stereoscopic display according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the barrier panel of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 3A is enabled.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3B at the same time. The stereoscopic display 100 includes a display panel 110 , a backlight module 140 and a barrier panel 120 . The stereoscopic display 100 is, for example, a stereoscopic display device capable of providing a portrait display mode and/or a landscape display mode, or a switchable flat/stereoscopic (2D/3D) display device, or other suitable stereoscopic display devices, etc.

The display panel 110 includes a substrate 112 , a pixel array 114 , an opposite substrate 116 and a display medium 118 . The display panel 110 is any component capable of displaying images, such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode display panel, an electrophoretic display panel, a plasma display panel or other types of display panels. The pixel array 114 is disposed on the substrate 112 , and each pixel unit (not shown) of the pixel array 114 includes, for example, components such as data lines, scan lines, active elements, and pixel electrodes. The opposite substrate 116 is located opposite to the substrate 112 . The display medium 118 is located between the pixel array 114 and the opposite substrate 116 . When the display panel 110 is a liquid crystal display panel, the display medium 118 is, for example, liquid crystal molecules. In other embodiments, when the display panel 110 is an organic light emitting diode display panel, the display medium 118 is, for example, an organic light emitting layer. When the display panel 110 is an electrophoretic display panel, the display medium 118 is, for example, an electrophoretic display medium. When the display panel 110 is a plasma display panel, the display medium 118 is, for example, a plasma display medium. Moreover, when the display panel 110 uses non-self-luminous materials (such as liquid crystal materials) as the display medium 118 , the stereoscopic display 100 may optionally further include a light source module to provide a light source required for display. In addition, the display panel 110 has a first side 110 a and a second side 110 b opposite to each other. In the following, the display panel 110 will be described as an example of a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the backlight module 140 is located on the second side 110b of the display panel 110 to provide light L for display.

The barrier panel 120 is located on the first side 110 a of the display panel 110 , and the display surface of the display panel 110 (ie, the first side 110 a ) faces the barrier panel 120 . The barrier panel 120 is, for example, a twisted nematic liquid crystal cell (TN-LC Cell) or other suitable barrier panels. As shown in FIG. 2 , the barrier panel 120 has a plurality of light-transmitting regions 120A and a plurality of light-shielding regions 120B arranged alternately, wherein the light-transmitting regions 120A are, for example, strip-shaped slits. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the shape of the transparent region 120A may include a rectangle, a square, a trapezoid, a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a rhombus, a polygon or other suitable shapes. Each light-transmitting region 120A includes two refraction regions 1202 and a non-refraction region 1204 , and the non-refraction region 1204 is located between the two refraction regions 1202 . Furthermore, the barrier panel 120 includes a first substrate 122 , a second substrate 126 , an optically anisotropic medium 130 , a first electrode layer 124 and a second electrode layer 128 .

The first substrate 122 and the second substrate 126 are disposed opposite to each other, and their materials can be glass, quartz, organic polymer or other suitable materials.

The optical anisotropic medium 130 is located between the first substrate 122 and the second substrate 126 . The optical anisotropic medium 130 is, for example, a medium with birefringence, such as liquid crystal molecules or other suitable substances. Taking liquid crystal molecules as an example, usually the liquid crystal molecules have a first axial refractive index (no) and a second axial refractive index (ne). The first axial refractive index (no) can also generally be referred to as the short-axis refractive index of liquid crystal molecules, and the second axial refractive index (ne) can also be referred to as the long-axis refractive index of liquid crystal molecules. Moreover, the above-mentioned optical anisotropic medium 130 is arranged along with the electric field distribution in the shielding panel 120 . In this embodiment, the optical anisotropic medium 130 includes, for example, a plurality of positive liquid crystal molecules (not shown) or a plurality of negative liquid crystal molecules (not shown).

The first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 are located on the first substrate 122 and the second substrate 126 respectively, and are on a side close to the optical anisotropic medium 130 . That is to say, the first electrode layer 124 is disposed between the first substrate 122 and the optically anisotropic medium 130 , and the second electrode layer 128 is disposed between the second substrate 126 and the optically anisotropic medium 130 . Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 respectively include a plurality of strip electrodes arranged in parallel, for example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 may respectively include other suitable patterned electrodes. The materials of the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 include transparent conductive materials, such as metal oxides, such as indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, indium germanium zinc oxide material, or other suitable oxides, or a stacked layer of at least two of the above.

In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 is located in the light shielding area 120B and the refraction area 1202 , and the second electrode layer 128 is located in the light shielding area 120B. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 in the light-shielding region 120B are, for example, single-layer electrode layers to effectively shield the penetration of light, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 in the light-shielding region 120B may also be more than two electrode layers, as long as the light-shielding region 120B can effectively shield light from penetrating. In addition, the first electrode layer 124 in the refraction region 1202 may be a single layer or more than two layers of electrode layers, as long as the refraction region 1202 can deflect light emitted through it.

When the barrier panel 120 is enabled (enable), the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 respectively provide the first electric field in the non-refractive region 1204, provide the transitional electric field in the refraction region 1202, and provide the transition electric field in the light-shielding region 120B. A second electric field is provided. Furthermore, in the direction perpendicular to the barrier panel 120 (for example, when the barrier panel 120 is located on the X-Y plane, the direction perpendicular to the barrier panel 120 is the Z direction), the strength of the transition electric field is between the strength of the first electric field and the strength of the second electric field. In this embodiment, the strength of the transitional electric field changes gradually along the direction of the first electric field toward the second electric field, for example. That is to say, the voltage of the transition electric field is distributed in a gradient, so that the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is arranged to have a gradually changing phase retardation (Phase Retardation) distribution along with the voltage distribution of the transition electric field. Due to the gradual change of the phase delay, the light L emitted through the refraction region 1202 will be refracted due to different phase differences.

In other words, in this embodiment, a transverse electric field can be generated by the first electrode layer 124 extending to the refraction region 1202 and the second electrode layer 128 located in the light-shielding region 120B, so that in the direction perpendicular to the barrier panel 120 ( That is, in the Z direction), the intensity of the transition electric field, for example, gradually changes along the direction of the first electric field toward the second electric field, so that the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is aligned with the voltage distribution of the transition electric field into a phase delay distribution with a gradual change. For example, the intensity of the second electric field in the light-shielding region 120B is relatively large, and the intensity of the first electric field in the non-refractive region 1204 is relatively small, and in the direction from the light-shielding region 120B toward the non-refractive region 1204, the transition of the refraction region 1202 The strength of the electric field is gradually reduced, so that the refractive index is gradually reduced.

Please refer to FIG. 3B , as shown in the phase retardation distribution 150, due to the design of the arrangement position of the above-mentioned electrodes and the intensity change of the electric field in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 are set as, on the barrier panel When 120 is activated, the phase retardation of the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region 120B and the phase retardation in the non-refraction region 1204, so that the light L emitted through each refraction region 1202 It will be deflected toward the corresponding non-refractive region 1204 (ie, the non-refractive region 1204 located in the same light-transmitting region 120A). In this embodiment, the light L is, for example, the light provided by the backlight module 140 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the light L may also be the light provided by the display panel 110 .

It is worth mentioning that, without changing the aperture ratio, since each light-transmitting region 120A has a refraction region 1202, the light L can be concentrated toward the non-refraction region 1204, and the present invention located in the light-transmitting region 120A The optical anisotropic medium 130 (that is, liquid crystal grating) has an effect similar to a lens or a prism, so the present invention can maintain or improve the brightness of the stereoscopic display 100, and can effectively reduce or adjust the degree of afterimage (X-talk) . In more detail, since each light-transmitting region 120A has a refraction region 1202, the light L can be refracted by the gradual change of the transition electric field, so that the light field area (not shown) formed by the concentration of the light L can be effectively made Shown) is more concentrated, that is, the area of the light field area can be made smaller. In this way, the maximum brightness of the light field area can be increased and the FWHM of the light field (not shown) can be reduced. Wherein, the narrowing of the full width at half maximum of the light field can reduce the overlapping area between different light fields, so the light splitting effect between the light fields can be improved, and the degree of afterimage can be reduced.

In addition, in this embodiment, the stereoscopic display 100 further includes, for example, an adhesive layer (not shown) for bonding the display panel 110 and the shielding panel 120 . In this way, when the display panel 110 is bonded to the shielding panel 120, through the function of the shielding panel 120, the left eye of the viewer can only observe the pixels displaying the image for the left eye, and the right eye can only observe the pixels displaying the image for the right eye. The pixels of the image, thereby producing a stereoscopic image effect. Furthermore, the stereoscopic display 100 further includes, for example, polarizers (not shown), which are respectively disposed on the surfaces of the display panel 110 and the shielding panel 120 .

In the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3B , the structure of the two substrates of the barrier panel 120 is taken as an example for illustration, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the structure of at least one substrate of the barrier panel 120 may also be a non-planar structure.

4A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 4A is activated. The embodiment in FIGS. 4A to 4B is similar to the embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 3B described above, so the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar symbols, and the description will not be repeated. The difference between the embodiment of FIGS. 4A-4B and the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3B is that the structure of the first substrate 122 of the barrier panel 120 is a non-planar structure.

In more detail, referring to FIG. 4A , a plurality of bumps 160 are disposed on the first substrate 122 of the barrier panel 120 . The bumps 160 provide a slope 160 a relative to the first substrate 122 in each refraction region 1202 , wherein the first electrode layer 124 in the refraction region 1202 is located on the slope 160 a. The material of the bump 160 is, for example, glass, quartz, organic polymer or other suitable materials. The material of the bump 160 may be the same as or different from that of the first substrate 122 . In another embodiment, the bump 160 and the first substrate 122 may also be integrally formed. That is to say, the present invention does not specifically limit the material, shape, and quantity of the bumps 160 , as long as they can provide an inclined surface 160 a relative to the first substrate 122 in each refraction region 1202 . In addition, in other embodiments, a plurality of bumps 160 may also be disposed on the second substrate 126 , or a plurality of bumps 160 may be disposed on both the first substrate 122 and the second substrate 126 .

Furthermore, as shown in the phase retardation distribution 150 of FIG. 4B , due to the arrangement position of the above-mentioned electrodes and the design of the intensity change of the electric field in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 are set as, in the barrier When the panel 120 is activated, the phase retardation of the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region 120B and the phase retardation in the non-refraction region 1204, so that the light emitted through each refraction region 1202 L is deflected toward the corresponding non-refractive region 1204 (ie, the non-refractive region 1204 located in the same light-transmitting region 120A).

In the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3B , the first electrode layer 124 in the refraction region 1202 is taken as an electrode extending from the light shielding region 120B to the refraction region 1202 for illustration, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, at least one electrode layer in each refraction region 1202 may also include a plurality of sub-electrodes insulated from each other.

5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of a phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 5A is activated. The embodiment in FIGS. 5A to 5B is similar to the embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 3B described above, so the same or similar elements are represented by the same or similar symbols, and the description will not be repeated. The difference between the embodiment of FIGS. 5A-5B and the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3B is that the first electrode layer 124 in each refraction region 1202 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes insulated from each other.

In more detail, please refer to FIG. 5A , each refraction region 1202 includes a plurality of secondary refraction regions 1202a arranged side by side. Moreover, the first electrode layer 124 in each refraction region 1202 includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes 124a insulated from each other. In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 is located in the light-shielding area 120B and the refraction area 1202 , the first sub-electrodes 124 a are respectively located in the sub-refraction area 1202 a , and the second electrode layer 128 is located in the light-shielding area 120B. When the barrier panel 120 is activated, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 respectively provide the first electric field in the non-refractive region 1204 and provide the second electric field in the light-shielding region 120B. Each first sub-electrode 124a provides a sub-transition electric field in each sub-refraction region 1202a.

It is worth mentioning that, in the direction perpendicular to the barrier panel 120 (that is, the Z direction), the intensity of the multiple secondary transition electric fields is between the intensity of the first electric field and the intensity of the second electric field, and the multiple secondary transition electric fields The intensity of the transitional electric field, for example, gradually changes along the direction of the first electric field toward the second electric field. In this way, in this embodiment, by providing the multiple sub-transition electric fields with different voltage differences, the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 can be distributed along with the voltage distribution of the multiple sub-transition electric fields. Instead, they are arranged to have a gradually changing phase retardation distribution. For example, the intensity of the second electric field in the light-shielding region 120B is relatively large, and the intensity of the first electric field in the non-refractive region 1204 is relatively small, and in the direction from the light-shielding region 120B toward the non-refractive region 1204, a plurality of sub-refractive regions The intensity of the sub-transition electric field 1202a gradually decreases (for example, gradually decreases from 10 volts to 2 volts), so that the refractive index gradually decreases.

Furthermore, as shown in the phase retardation distribution 150 of FIG. 5B , due to the arrangement position of the above-mentioned electrodes and the design of the intensity change of the electric field in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 are set as, in the barrier When the panel 120 is activated, the phase retardation of the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region 120B and the phase retardation in the non-refraction region 1204, so that the light emitted through each refraction region 1202 L is deflected toward the corresponding non-refractive region 1204 (ie, the non-refractive region 1204 located in the same light-transmitting region 120A).

In the above-mentioned embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 5B , the electrode layer in the refraction region 1202 is taken as an example for illustration, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, at least one electrode layer in the refraction region 1202 may have more than two electrode pattern layers.

6A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of a phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 6A is activated. The embodiment in FIGS. 6A to 6B is similar to the embodiment in FIGS. 5A to 5B described above, so the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar symbols and will not be described again. The difference between the embodiment of FIGS. 6A-6B and the embodiment of FIGS. 5A-5B is that the first electrode layer 124 in the refraction region 1202 has two electrode pattern layers.

In more detail, please refer to FIG. 6A, the first electrode layer 124 in each refraction region 1202 further includes a first dielectric layer 124b, and the first sub-electrodes 124a are alternately arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first dielectric layer 124b . That is to say, the first electrode layer 124 in the refraction region 1202 has two electrode pattern layers, wherein the two electrode pattern layers include a lower electrode pattern layer 1242 and an upper electrode pattern layer 1244 . Each electrode pattern layer includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes 124a located in each refraction region 1202 and insulated from each other. Since the first sub-electrodes 124a of the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 and the first sub-electrodes 124a of the upper electrode pattern layer 1244 are arranged alternately, they can respectively belong to different film layers (including the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1244). The first sub-electrodes 124a are spatially overlapped. In this way, the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1244 can be closely arranged, thereby avoiding light leakage and color shift and having a better three-dimensional display effect.

In addition, in this embodiment, the first dielectric layer 124b covers the lower electrode pattern layer 1242, and the upper electrode pattern layer 1244 is located on the first dielectric layer 124b. That is, the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 is located between the first substrate 122 and the first dielectric layer 124b, the first dielectric layer 124b is located between the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1244, and the upper electrode pattern layer 1244 Located between the first dielectric layer 124b and the optical anisotropic medium 130 . In this embodiment, for example, the first dielectric layer 124b completely covers the first substrate 122 and the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first dielectric layer 124b may only cover the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 in each refraction region 1202, as long as the first dielectric layer 124b is located between the lower electrode pattern layer 1242 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1244 It is sufficient to make the two electrically insulated in each refraction region 1202 .

Furthermore, as shown in the phase retardation distribution 150 of FIG. 6B , due to the arrangement position of the above-mentioned electrodes and the design of the intensity change of the electric field in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 are set as, in the barrier When the panel 120 is activated, the phase retardation of the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region 120B and the phase retardation in the non-refraction region 1204, so that the light emitted through each refraction region 1202 L is deflected toward the corresponding non-refractive region 1204 (ie, the non-refractive region 1204 located in the same light-transmitting region 120A).

7A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting region of a barrier panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of a phase retardation distribution when the barrier panel of FIG. 7A is activated. The embodiment in FIGS. 7A to 7B is similar to the embodiment in FIGS. 6A to 6B described above, so the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar symbols, and the description will not be repeated. The difference between the embodiment of FIGS. 7A to 7B and the embodiment of FIGS. 6A to 6B is that not only the first electrode layer 124 in the refraction region 1202 has two electrode pattern layers, but also The second electrode layer 128 also has two electrode pattern layers.

In more detail, please refer to FIG. 7A, the second electrode layer 128 in each refraction region 1202 further includes a second dielectric layer 128b, and the second sub-electrodes 128a are alternately arranged on the upper and lower sides of the second dielectric layer 128b . That is to say, the second electrode layer 128 in the refraction region 1202 has two electrode pattern layers, wherein the two electrode pattern layers include a lower electrode pattern layer 1282 and an upper electrode pattern layer 1284 . Each electrode pattern layer includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes 128a located in each refraction region 1202 and insulated from each other, wherein the second sub-electrodes 128a of the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 and the second sub-electrodes 128a of the upper electrode pattern layer 1284 are interlaced Therefore, the second sub-electrodes 128 a belonging to different film layers (including the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1284 ) can be spatially overlapped. In this way, the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1284 can be closely arranged, thereby avoiding light leakage and color shift and having a better three-dimensional display effect.

In addition, in this embodiment, the second dielectric layer 128b covers the lower electrode pattern layer 1282, and the upper electrode pattern layer 1284 is located on the second dielectric layer 128b. That is, the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 is located between the second substrate 126 and the second dielectric layer 128b, the second dielectric layer 128b is located between the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1284, and the upper electrode pattern layer 1284 Located between the second dielectric layer 128b and the optical anisotropic medium 130 . In this embodiment, the second dielectric layer 128b completely covers the second substrate 126 and the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the second dielectric layer 128b may only cover the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 in each refraction region 1202, as long as the second dielectric layer 128b is located between the lower electrode pattern layer 1282 and the upper electrode pattern layer 1284 It is sufficient to make the two electrically insulated in each refraction region 1202 .

Furthermore, as shown in the phase retardation distribution 150 of FIG. 7B , due to the arrangement position of the above-mentioned electrodes and the design of the intensity change of the electric field in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 124 and the second electrode layer 128 are set as, in the barrier When the panel 120 is activated, the phase retardation of the optical anisotropic medium 130 in the refraction region 1202 is between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region 120B and the phase retardation in the non-refraction region 1204, so that the light emitted through each refraction region 1202 L is deflected toward the corresponding non-refractive region 1204 (ie, the non-refractive region 1204 located in the same light-transmitting region 120A).

In order to prove that the design of the transparent region 120A with the refraction region 1202 of the present invention can indeed increase the brightness of the three-dimensional display 100 and reduce the degree of image sticking, a simulation experiment is used for verification. The experimental example of this simulation experiment is the 3D display 100 with the refraction region 1202 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3B above, and the comparative example is the 3D display without the refraction region. Moreover, in the simulation experiment, the aperture ratios of the three-dimensional displays of the experimental example and the comparative example are both 33% (that is, the ratios of the light-transmitting region 120A and the light-shielding region 120B are respectively 33% and 67%), and the ratios of the experimental example and the comparative example are 33%. The proportions of the refraction area 1202 and the non-refraction area 1204 of the stereoscopic display are 4.45% and 28.55%, respectively. Other relevant experimental conditions of the stereoscopic display of the experimental example and the comparative example include that the optical anisotropy medium is a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TC-LC), the second axial refractive index (ne) is 1.711, the first axial refractive index ( no) is 1.510, the cell gap is 15 μm, the voltage of the first substrate 122 is 7 volts, the voltage of the second substrate 126 is 0 volts, and the period width of the barrier is 480 μm. In addition, the external environment is set to include four sub-pixels in one period, the thickness of the grating is 1800 μm, and the viewing distance is 2200 mm.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the display brightness (lumen in lumen) and the tilted viewing angle (degree) when viewing a stereoscopic display at different tilted viewing angles. Different oblique viewing angles refer to the angle between the user's observation direction and the reference line when the normal viewing angle (ie 0 degree) is used as the reference line (ie normal line). In FIG. 8 , the curve 210 is the stereoscopic display of the experimental example, and the curve 220 is the stereoscopic display of the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 8 , at the peaks of these curves, the brightness of the curve 210 (experimental example) is greater than the brightness of the curve 220 (comparative example). Therefore, it can be seen from FIG. 8 that the brightness of the experimental example (the stereoscopic display 100 with the refraction region 1202) is greater than the brightness of the comparative example (the stereoscopic display without the refraction region), wherein the brightness of the stereoscopic display of the experimental example is compared to The brightness of the stereoscopic display of the comparative example increased by 5.13%.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between afterimages (unit: %) and oblique viewing angles (unit: degrees) when viewing a stereoscopic display at different oblique viewing angles. Different oblique viewing angles refer to the angle between the user's observation direction and the reference line when the normal viewing angle (ie 0 degree) is used as the reference line (ie normal line). In FIG. 9 , the curve 310 is the stereoscopic display of the experimental example, and the curve 320 is the stereoscopic display of the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 9 , at the troughs of these curves, the afterimage of the curve 310 (experimental example) is smaller than that of the curve 320 (comparative example). Therefore, it can be seen from FIG. 9 that the image sticking of the experimental example (the stereoscopic display 100 with the refraction region 1202) is smaller than that of the comparative example (the stereoscopic display without the refraction region), wherein the image sticking of the three-dimensional display of the experimental example Compared with the stereoscopic display of the comparative example, the residual image is reduced by 10.94%.

To sum up, in the stereoscopic display of the present invention, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are configured such that when the barrier panel is enabled (that is, turned on), the phase of the optical anisotropic medium in the refraction region is retarded. Between the phase retardation in the light-shielding region and the phase retardation in the non-refractive region, the light emitted through each refraction region is deflected toward the corresponding non-refraction region. In this way, under the condition of not changing the aperture ratio, since each light-transmitting region has a refraction region, light can be concentrated toward the non-refraction region, and the optical anisotropic medium (also That is, the liquid crystal grating) has an effect similar to a lens or a prism, so the present invention can maintain or improve the brightness of a stereoscopic display, and can effectively reduce or adjust the degree of image sticking.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention The scope of protection should be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of three-dimensional display, including：

One display floater, with one first relative side and one second side；

One barrier panel, positioned at first side of the display floater, the barrier panel have multiple transparent areas for being alternately arranged with Multiple shading regions, and each transparent area includes two refracting spheres and a non-deflecting region, the non-deflecting region is located between two refracting sphere, The barrier panel includes：

One first substrate；

One second substrate, positioned at the first substrate to；

One optical anisotropy's medium, between the first substrate and the second substrate；

One first electrode layer, is configured between the first substrate and optical anisotropy's medium, and the first electrode layer is located at described In multiple shading regions and multiple refracting spheres；And

One the second electrode lay, is configured between the second substrate and optical anisotropy's medium, and the second electrode lay is located at described In multiple shading regions, wherein the first electrode layer is arranged to the second electrode lay, the light when the barrier panel is enabled Learn anisotropy medium multiple refracting spheres Retardation between the plurality of shading region Retardation with described Between the Retardation of non-deflecting region so that inclined towards the corresponding non-deflecting region by a light of the respectively refracting sphere outgoing Folding；And

One backlight module, positioned at second side of the display floater, to provide the light.

2. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 1, when wherein the barrier panel is enabled, the first electrode layer with this second Electrode layer provides respectively one first electric field in the non-deflecting region, and a transition electric field is provided in multiple refracting spheres, One second electric field is provided in the plurality of shading region, and the intensity of the transition electric field on the direction of the vertical barrier panel is situated between Between the intensity of first electric field and the intensity of second electric field.

3. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 2, the intensity of the wherein transition electric field be along first electric field towards this The direction gradual change of two electric fields.

4. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 1, also including multiple projections, is configured on the first substrate, and many Multiple inclined-planes relative to the first substrate, the first electrode in the plurality of refracting sphere are provided in the individual refracting sphere Layer is located on the plurality of inclined-plane.

5. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 1, wherein respectively the refracting sphere includes multiple refracting spheres side by side, and each The first electrode layer in the refracting sphere includes multiple first sub-electrodes of mutually insulated, and the plurality of first sub-electrode distinguishes position In the plurality of refracting sphere.

6. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first electrode layer in the respectively refracting sphere also includes one the One dielectric layer, and the plurality of first sub-electrode is alternately disposed at the both sides up and down of first dielectric layer.

7. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second electrode lay is also extended in multiple refracting spheres, and The second electrode lay in the respectively refracting sphere includes multiple second sub-electrodes of mutually insulated, the plurality of second sub-electrode point Wei Yu not be in the plurality of refracting sphere.

8. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 7, wherein the second electrode lay in the respectively refracting sphere also includes one the Two dielectric layers, and the plurality of second sub-electrode is alternately disposed at the both sides up and down of second dielectric layer.

9. three-dimensional display as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of transparent area is shaped as a polygon, the polygon Including rectangle, trapezoidal, circular, oval, triangle or rhombus.