CN103862123A - Laser welding method for solar heat collecting board core - Google Patents
Laser welding method for solar heat collecting board core Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103862123A CN103862123A CN201410086103.4A CN201410086103A CN103862123A CN 103862123 A CN103862123 A CN 103862123A CN 201410086103 A CN201410086103 A CN 201410086103A CN 103862123 A CN103862123 A CN 103862123A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- laser
- conducting copper
- copper tube
- aluminum plate
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0012—Brazing heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及太阳能集热板芯吸热铝板和导热铜管的激光焊接方法。采用同步送粉技术将焊料添加到吸热铝板和导热铜管形成的楔形区域，激光光斑聚焦在填充焊料上，加热熔化的填充焊料填充楔形区域，润湿两侧母材并与母材相互扩散形成铝铜钎焊接头。该焊接方法，对激光光斑的位置精度要求大幅降低，大幅度提高产品合格率。另外，避免了激光直接作用在铜或铝等高反材料表面，有效降低了反射激光对激光焊接头内部光学元件的损伤，同时激光与填充粉末的相互作用显著提高了激光利用率。当在导热铜管的两侧对称布置一对激光焊接头，同步进行焊接时，可以显著提高焊接效率，降低加工成本。本发明属于激光加工领域。
The invention relates to a laser welding method for a heat-absorbing aluminum plate and a heat-conducting copper tube of a solar heat-collecting plate core. Synchronous powder feeding technology is used to add solder to the wedge-shaped area formed by the heat-absorbing aluminum plate and heat-conducting copper tube. The laser spot is focused on the filling solder, and the heated and melted filling solder fills the wedge-shaped area, wets the base material on both sides and diffuses with the base material Forms an aluminum-copper brazed joint. This welding method greatly reduces the requirements on the position accuracy of the laser spot, and greatly improves the product qualification rate. In addition, it avoids the laser directly acting on the surface of highly reflective materials such as copper or aluminum, which effectively reduces the damage of the reflected laser to the internal optical components of the laser welding head. At the same time, the interaction between the laser and the filling powder significantly improves the laser utilization rate. When a pair of laser welding heads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heat-conducting copper tube, and the welding is performed synchronously, the welding efficiency can be significantly improved and the processing cost can be reduced. The invention belongs to the field of laser processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for laser welding, be specifically related to the method for laser welding of the hot aluminium sheet of solar heat-collection plate wicking and heat-conducting copper pipe, belong to field of laser processing.
Background technology
Vigorously advocate in country under the background of energy-saving and emission-reduction, solar energy as building energy conservation maximum potential will obtain larger development and utilization, flat-plate solar heat collector because of have safety, efficient, pressure-bearing, easily with the advantage of architecture-integral, by opportunity to develop larger acquisition.Heat-collecting plate core, as the critical component of flat-plate solar heat collector, is mainly made by aluminium sheet and two kinds of unlike materials of copper pipe.It is to absorb solar radiant energy and to the parts of medium transferring heat, plays solar energy and medium and carry out the effect of energy exchange.As the core component of product, its workmanship is very important.The problems such as although the aluminum bronze machinery cladding technique adopting early stage is simple, and existence is not easy to pack tightly, and copper pipe can rock, and loose contact, easily produces chemical attack, and heat-conductive characteristic is low, and production efficiency is low.Main flow is to adopt the mode of welding to process at present, comprises ultrasonic bonding and laser weld.Ultrasonic bonding meeting forms the impression of wide 3-10mm at the heat-collecting plate core back side, destroy heat-absorption coated, affects collector efficiency.By 8 copper pipes, 2 square metres of whole plate areas calculate, whole plate loss plated film area 3%-8%(0.048-0.16 square metre).Ultrasonic bonding is generally wall scroll welding, and production efficiency is lower, and in welding process, noise is larger.Laser weld is to weld overleaf, thereby to heat-collecting plate core plated film not damaged, does not affect collector efficiency.Laser beam welding can accurately be controlled, and sheet deformation is little, thereby is more applicable for the welding of whole plate, and welding efficiency is high.Visible laser solder technology is with the obvious advantage, as following flat-plate solar collector heat-collecting plate core welding procedure trend, will more be applied and promote.
But the existing laser welding technology about solar heat-collection plate core is all the fit areas that laser acted directly on to heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe, this is just very strict to absorb heat aluminium sheet and the position of related features of heat-conducting copper pipe and the position accuracy demand of Laser Focusing hot spot, if joint place excesssive gap will there will be the situation of solder skip or rosin joint.All there is extremely strong reflex on the surface of aluminium sheet and copper pipe to laser, and therefore in welding process, the practical efficiency of laser energy is lower.The metallurgical compatibility of aluminum bronze is poor, directly melting welding will produce compound between multiple brittle metal, cause joint Cracking Failure under effect of stress, the intermetallic compound of joint inside can form very large thermal resistance between heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe simultaneously, reduces the heat conduction efficiency of heat-collecting core board.The problem of above-mentioned existence has caused the product percent of pass of type solar collecting core plate lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the method for laser welding of the hot aluminium sheet of a kind of solar heat-collection plate wicking and heat-conducting copper pipe, to solve the low problem of product percent of pass in existing type solar collecting core plate manufacture process.
For this reason, the invention provides the method for laser welding of the hot aluminium sheet of a kind of solar heat-collection plate wicking and heat-conducting copper pipe, the aluminium sheet that it is characterized in that comprising the steps: to absorb heat is placed in welding bench plane, heat-conducting copper pipe is arranged on heat absorption aluminium sheet, between heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe, carry out equidistant laser powder-filled spot welding, make to absorb heat aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe form reliable brazing.While it is characterized in that adopting above-mentioned welding method to carry out laser weld:
(1) Powdered filling scolder sends into by powder feeder the wedge area that heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe form;
(2) laser beam being sent by laser head focuses on fills on scolder;
(3) fill wedge area through the filling scolder of LASER HEATING fusing, wetting copper pipe and surface of aluminum plate, and form aluminum bronze soldered fitting with both sides mother metal inter-diffusion reaction.
Do not add and fill when scolder, laser beam should also will be heat-conducting copper pipe partial melting heat absorption aluminium sheet partial melting, just can make both melt portions mutually mix, and reaction forms solder joint.Therefore focal beam spot can only concentrate on the very zonule of heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe laminating, and this is very high to absorb heat aluminium sheet and the position of related features of heat-conducting copper pipe and the focal position required precision of laser facula.
Do not add and fill when scolder, laser beam is the surface that acts directly on heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe, and because aluminium and copper are high anti-material, therefore the practical efficiency of laser energy is lower.
Do not add while filling scolder, solder joint is to be formed by the heat absorption aluminium sheet of partial melting and heat-conducting copper pipe hybrid reaction.Because the metallurgical compatibility of aluminum bronze is poor, therefore, aluminum bronze liquid phase is mixed and can reaction be formed fragility Al-Cu intermetallic compound.
Between heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe, adding after filling scolder, laser beam mainly focuses on fills on scolder, fill and melt after scolder absorbing laser energy and fill wedge area, through overheated passing to, heat is delivered to the heat absorption aluminium sheet and the heat-conducting copper pipe that directly contact with molten charge simultaneously, the temperature of heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe raises and has further promoted the mobility of molten charge, and final molten charge and both sides mother metal diffuse to form soldered fitting mutually.Obviously, filling scolder is larger as the focusing target of laser, therefore the focal position required precision of laser facula just can significantly reduce, the filling scolder of simultaneously melting can be filled the gap between heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe, and the position of related features of this just make to absorb heat aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe requires significantly to reduce.Moreover laser beam acts directly on and fill on scolder, with respect to aluminium sheet and copper pipe, Powdered filling scolder obviously increases the absorptivity of laser, and the effective rate of utilization of laser energy increases considerably.In addition, in laser beam welding, only has filling solder fusing, heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe be fusing not, this has just been avoided aluminum bronze liquid phase to mix, thereby effectively reduce the formation of fragility Al-Cu intermetallic compound, increased substantially quality of welding spot, thereby finally increased substantially the qualification rate of product.
In order to increase heat absorption aluminium sheet and the bonding strength of heat-conducting copper pipe and the heat conduction efficiency of heat-collecting plate core, generally need to all weld in the both sides of heat-conducting copper pipe.While adopting the inventive method to weld, laser facula can be realized on the filling scolder of heat-conducting copper pipe one side and focusing on, and after having welded, then carries out the welding of heat-conducting copper pipe opposite side along heat-conducting copper pipe one side.Or arrange a pair of laser welding system in the bilateral symmetry of heat-conducting copper pipe, synchronously weld.
Compared with prior art, adopt the inventive method while preparing solar heat-collection plate core, have heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe position of related features are required low, low to the required precision of Laser Focusing facula position, the plurality of advantages such as laser effective energy utilization height, thereby the qualification rate of product is also significantly higher.In addition, welding method of the present invention also can be applicable to the precision welding of other dissimilar metals, as the welding of aluminium-steel composites structure vehicle body.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is solar heat-collection plate core list laser welding system welding process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the two synchronous laser beam welding schematic diagrames of laser welding system of solar heat-collection plate core of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
1) heat absorption aluminium sheet 1 is placed on welding bench, heat-conducting copper pipe 2 is placed on heat absorption aluminium sheet 1, and fixes to clamp with special fixture.
2) open laser instrument 6 and indicate ruddiness, adjust laser head deflection angle and the distance with respect to heat-conducting copper pipe 2 thereof, make to indicate laser beam 3 just to focus on wedge area place.
3) open powder feeder 4, adjust powder feeder 4 feeding head deflection angles and the distance with respect to heat-conducting copper pipe 2 thereof, make the powder filler of ejection just converge in wedge area place.
4) as Fig. 1, the method that adopts single laser welding system to weld, in the wedge area forming in absorb heat aluminium sheet 1 and heat-conducting copper pipe 2 one sides, send into filling scolder, laser beam 3 focuses on fills on scolder, fill and melt after scolder absorbing laser energy and fill wedge area, through overheated conduction, heat is delivered to the heat absorption aluminium sheet and the heat-conducting copper pipe that directly contact with molten charge, the temperature of heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe raises and further promotes flowing of molten charge, molten charge and both sides mother metal phase counterdiffusion, finally form a solder joint 5 in heat-conducting copper pipe one side.
5) along heat-conducting copper pipe 2 length directions, form in heat absorption aluminium sheet 1 and heat-conducting copper pipe 2 one sides wedge area carry out equidistant laser powder-filled spot welding until complete a side welding, carry out again the welding of opposite side, until complete the welding of whole heat-conducting copper pipe 2 and heat absorption aluminium sheet 1.
6), according to the method described in step 4 and step 6, carry out next root heat-conducting copper pipe 2 and the laser weld of aluminium sheet 1 of absorbing heat, until complete the welding of all heat-conducting copper pipes 2 and heat absorption aluminium sheet 1.
Described laser instrument 6 and powder feeder 4 afterbodys by
1) heat absorption aluminium sheet 1 is placed on welding bench, heat-conducting copper pipe 2 is placed on heat absorption aluminium sheet 1, and fixes to clamp with special fixture.
2) open the instruction ruddiness of two laser instruments 6, adjust respectively both sides laser head deflection angle and the distance with respect to copper pipe 2 thereof, make the instruction laser beam 3 of two laser instruments all just focus on wedge area place.
3) open two powder feeders, adjust respectively both sides feeding head 4 deflection angles and the distance with respect to copper pipe 2 thereof, make the powder filler of both sides ejection all just converge in wedge area place.
4) as Fig. 2, adopt two laser welding system to carry out the method for synchronous welding, in the wedge area of heat absorption aluminium 1 plate and heat-conducting copper pipe 2 both sides formation, send into filling scolder simultaneously, two bundle laser beams 3 focus on the filling scolder of both sides simultaneously, fill and melt after scolder absorbing laser energy and fill wedge area, through overheated conduction, heat is delivered to the heat absorption aluminium sheet and the heat-conducting copper pipe that directly contact with molten charge, the temperature of heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe raises and further promotes flowing of molten charge, molten charge and both sides mother metal phase counterdiffusion, a finally solder joint 5 of each formation in heat-conducting copper pipe both sides.
5), along heat-conducting copper pipe length direction, carry out equidistantly synchronous laser powder-filled spot welding until complete whole heat-conducting copper pipe and the welding of heat absorption aluminium sheet at the wedge area of heat absorption aluminium sheet 1 and heat-conducting copper pipe 2 both sides formation.
6), according to the method described in step 4 and step 6, carry out next root heat-conducting copper pipe 2 and the laser weld of aluminium sheet 1 of absorbing heat, until complete the welding of all heat-conducting copper pipes 2 and heat absorption aluminium sheet 1.
In sum, adopt the inventive method, can significantly reduce the position accuracy demand between heat absorption aluminium sheet and heat-conducting copper pipe, improve the product percent of pass of heat-collecting plate core.When arranging a pair of laser welding system in heat-conducting copper pipe bilateral symmetry, synchronously weld, once welding just can form two solder joints in heat-conducting copper pipe both sides, can obviously improve welding efficiency, cuts down finished cost.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410086103.4A CN103862123A (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-03-11 | Laser welding method for solar heat collecting board core |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410086103.4A CN103862123A (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-03-11 | Laser welding method for solar heat collecting board core |
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| CN103862123A true CN103862123A (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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| CN201410086103.4A Pending CN103862123A (en) | 2014-03-11 | 2014-03-11 | Laser welding method for solar heat collecting board core |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104816060A (en) * | 2015-04-04 | 2015-08-05 | 华中科技大学 | Laser welding equipment based on gradient energy band splicing |
| CN106735948A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-31 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of method for laser welding and its device of copper aluminium dissimilar metal |
| CN108188522A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-06-22 | 温州职业技术学院 | A kind of laser welding-brazing composite welding apparatus for being socketed hollow copper tubing |
| CN110202231A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-09-06 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of method for laser welding of aluminum bronze dissimilar metal |
| CN112453705A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Thick plate titanium alloy narrow gap double-laser-beam powder filling welding method |
| CN113182674A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-07-30 | 苏州汇思阳光科技有限公司 | Welding method for plate core of flat-plate solar collector |
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| CN101380695A (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-11 | 武汉楚天激光（集团）股份有限公司 | Double light path optical-fiber laser bonding machine for plate-type solar thermal absorber |
| CN101804512A (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-18 | 潘戈 | Welding method of absorber plate and heat conducting pipes and special equipment implementing same |
| CN201599974U (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-06 | 潘戈 | Absorber plate pipe and special-purpose manufacturing device thereof |
| CN103521922A (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏金龙新能源设备科技实业有限公司 | Special-shaped material double-position laser welding device for flat plate solar thermal collector |
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2014
- 2014-03-11 CN CN201410086103.4A patent/CN103862123A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101380695A (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-11 | 武汉楚天激光（集团）股份有限公司 | Double light path optical-fiber laser bonding machine for plate-type solar thermal absorber |
| CN101804512A (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-18 | 潘戈 | Welding method of absorber plate and heat conducting pipes and special equipment implementing same |
| CN201599974U (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-06 | 潘戈 | Absorber plate pipe and special-purpose manufacturing device thereof |
| CN103521922A (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏金龙新能源设备科技实业有限公司 | Special-shaped material double-position laser welding device for flat plate solar thermal collector |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104816060A (en) * | 2015-04-04 | 2015-08-05 | 华中科技大学 | Laser welding equipment based on gradient energy band splicing |
| CN108188522A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-06-22 | 温州职业技术学院 | A kind of laser welding-brazing composite welding apparatus for being socketed hollow copper tubing |
| CN106735948A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-31 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of method for laser welding and its device of copper aluminium dissimilar metal |
| CN110202231A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-09-06 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of method for laser welding of aluminum bronze dissimilar metal |
| CN112453705A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Thick plate titanium alloy narrow gap double-laser-beam powder filling welding method |
| CN113182674A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-07-30 | 苏州汇思阳光科技有限公司 | Welding method for plate core of flat-plate solar collector |
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Application publication date: 20140618 |