CN103852363B - Frequency and amplitude adjustable mud sample vibration device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mud sample vibration device with adjustable frequency and amplitude, which at least includes a vibration mechanism and a material loading and unloading mechanism, and also includes an amplitude modulation mechanism and a frequency modulation unit; the amplitude modulation mechanism includes an amplitude modulation pendulum plate, an amplitude modulation wedge, an amplitude modulation handle, a screw rod, and a screw rod Support, amplitude modulation support and amplitude modulation scale; the frequency modulation unit is a stepping motor for frequency modulation, and the stepping motor is installed on the amplitude modulation pendulum plate; the vibration mechanism includes a belt, pulley, vibration starting cam, ejector rod, impact rod and impact The pulley and the vibration cam are coaxial, the pulley and the stepper motor are connected by a belt, the pulley is embedded in one end of the sleeve on the right side of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate, and the middle part of the sleeve rests on the wedge surface of the amplitude modulation wedge; the material handling mechanism is located on the whole The top of the device at least includes a material tray and a material tray support connected with the ejector rod and the impact rod. The invention fully considers the dynamic characteristics of the soil and the dynamic load conditions required for making the soil sample, and can realize the frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and vibration frequency control of the mud sample vibration.

Description

A mud sample vibration device with adjustable frequency and amplitude

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of geological disaster model tests, and relates to a mud sample vibration device related to mud sample production in landslide physical model tests, in particular to a mud sample vibration device with controllable vibration times, adjustable vibration frequency and vibration amplitude.

Background technique

Landslides are a serious geological hazard worldwide. With the increasing frequency of human engineering activities, landslide geological disasters are becoming more and more frequent and causing more and more losses. In order to effectively prevent and control landslides, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a large number of experimental studies on landslides, and landslide physical model tests are one of the effective research methods. The theoretical basis of landslide physical model test is similarity theory, in which the material similarity of soil samples plays a vital role in landslide physical model test. Therefore, doing a good job in the dynamic characteristic test of the soil sample in the early stage is the guarantee for the smooth progress of the follow-up test.

There are many factors that affect the dynamic properties of soil. The main influencing factors affecting the anti-liquefaction characteristics of saturated soil are: soil conditions, such as soil compactness and particle characteristics; initial stress conditions, such as the static stress state of the soil before dynamic load is applied; dynamic load conditions, such as dynamic Charge waveform, amplitude, frequency, duration and direction of action, etc.

There are various types of vibration devices in the prior art, but there are few vibration devices specially used for landslide physical model tests, which cannot meet the requirements of the test for the dynamic characteristics of the soil. However, the vibration devices used in landslide physical model tests usually cannot take into account the functions of amplitude modulation, frequency modulation and vibration frequency control, or these functions are completed by complex electrical structures, which require high precision of mechanical structures and circuits, and weak stability.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a mud sample vibration device with adjustable frequency and amplitude related to mud sample making in landslide physical model tests, which can overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, specifically referring to mud sample making and During the test, the mechanical structure was used to realize the specific requirements of the mud sample oscillation required for the physical model test of the landslide, fully considering the dynamic characteristics of the soil and the dynamic load conditions required in the preparation of the soil sample, and can meet the vibration amplitude, frequency and duration. Request a mud shaker.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: at least including a vibration mechanism and a material handling mechanism, and also includes an amplitude modulation mechanism and a frequency modulation unit; the amplitude modulation mechanism includes an amplitude modulation swing plate, an amplitude modulation wedge, an amplitude modulation handle, a screw rod, and a Support, amplitude modulation support and amplitude modulation scale; the frequency modulation unit is a stepping motor for frequency modulation, and the stepping motor is installed on the amplitude modulation pendulum plate; the vibration mechanism includes a belt, pulley, vibration starting cam, ejector rod, impact rod and impact The pulley and the vibration cam are coaxial, the pulley and the stepper motor are connected by a belt, the pulley is embedded in one end of the sleeve on the right side of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate, and the middle part of the sleeve rests on the wedge surface of the amplitude modulation wedge; the material handling mechanism is located on the whole The top of the device at least includes a material tray and a material tray support connected with the ejector rod and the impact rod.

By adjusting the speed and number of rotations of the stepping motor, the functions of frequency modulation and vibration frequency control are realized.

In the amplitude modulation mechanism, the amplitude modulation handle is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod is interspersed in the amplitude modulation wedge. The amplitude modulation wedge supports the right end of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate. The outer contour lines of the blocks are connected, and the shaft at the left end of the AM pendulum plate is inserted into the AM support; the AM handle drives the screw to rotate, and the screw drives the AM wedge to move left and right, so that the height of the right end of the AM pendulum plate and the pulley changes, thereby changing the start-up vibration The contact height between the cam and the mandrel achieves the purpose of amplitude modulation.

In the vibration mechanism, the ejector rod is vertically interspersed in the two sliders, and the lower end of the ejector rod is embedded with high-hardness wear-resistant balls; the impact rod and the impact block are distributed at both ends of the ejector rod, and the impact rod is inserted into the slider above the impact block The surface of the vibration-starting cam is plated with hard and wear-resistant materials; the pulley transmits the power of the stepping motor to drive the vibration-starting cam to rotate, and the outer contour of the vibration-starting cam lifts the ejector rod. When the ejector rod is jacked up, when it reaches the abrupt contour line of the vibration-starting cam, the ejector rod is suspended in the air, and together with the material handling mechanism, it falls freely under the action of gravity. After falling for a certain distance, the impact rod hits the impact block below it. Complete one vibration cycle.

The material loading and unloading mechanism is on the top of the whole device, wherein the material tray is installed above the material tray support, the right end is hinged to the material tray support through the material tray shaft, and the material tray buckle and material tray handle are installed on the left end of the material tray. After opening the material tray buckle, pull the handle of the animal material tray to make the material coil rotate around the shaft of the material tray, so that the material tray is turned over and unloaded; the material tray buckle has a self-returning spring, and the material tray and the material tray bracket are tightly buckled during vibration work together.

The beneficial effect that the present invention has compared to prior art is:

(1) The present invention fully considers the dynamic characteristics of soil and the dynamic load conditions required in the preparation of soil samples, and can simultaneously meet the adjustment and control requirements of vibration frequency, vibration amplitude and vibration times;

(2) The frequency modulation function and vibration frequency control function of the present invention are realized by controlling the speed and number of rotations of the stepping motor, and the control is accurate and reliable;

(3) The structure of the amplitude modulation mechanism in the present invention is simplified, the amplitude modulation operation is convenient and quick, and it can be positioned by the scale, which ensures the accuracy of the adjustment amplitude;

(4) The cam profile in the present invention can be redesigned and replaced as needed to obtain different vibration waveforms;

(5) The material tray in the present invention is hinged on the material tray bracket through the material tray shaft, which can be easily flipped and unloaded. When vibrating, the material tray and the bracket are fastened into one body through the material tray buckle, without affecting the vibration effect;

(6) The overall structure of the present invention is compact, and the moving parts are all packaged with a casing, which can ensure the safe operation of the device and the noise isolation requirements.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the overall structure;

Fig. 2 is an axial view of the overall structure;

Fig. 3 is an axial view of the internal structure;

Fig. 4 is an axial view of the amplitude modulation mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of working principle motion;

Fig. 6 is a time sequence diagram of the vibration-starting cam;

In the figure: 1—material tray buckle, 2—material tray handle, 3—material tray, 4—material tray support, 5—material tray shaft, 6—casing, 7—transparent window, 8—impact block, 9 —Jump rod, 10—Vertical support plate, 11—Amplitude modulation handle, 12—Screw rod support, 13—Integral support, 14—Screw rod, 15—Amplitude modulation wedge, 16—Belt pulley, 17—Belt, 18—Bottom plate , 19—amplitude modulation support, 20—amplitude modulation pendulum plate, 21—stepping motor, 22—starting vibration cam, 23—impact rod, 24—slide block, 25—amplitude modulation scale, 26—supporting plate reinforcing rib.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention includes a vibration mechanism and a material handling mechanism, and is characterized in that: it also includes an amplitude modulation mechanism and a frequency modulation unit; the amplitude modulation mechanism includes an amplitude modulation swing plate 20, an amplitude modulation wedge 15, an amplitude modulation handle 11, and a screw rod 14. Screw rod 14 support 12, amplitude modulation support 19 and amplitude modulation scale 25; the frequency modulation unit is a stepper motor 21 for frequency modulation, and the stepper motor 21 is installed on the amplitude modulation pendulum plate 20; the vibration mechanism includes a belt 17, a pulley 16. Start vibration cam 22, push rod 9, impact rod 23 and impact block 8, belt pulley 16 and vibration start cam 22 are coaxial, belt pulley 16 and stepping motor 21 are connected by belt 17, belt pulley 16 is embedded in the right side of amplitude modulation pendulum plate 20 One end of the side sleeve, the middle part of the sleeve rests on the wedge surface of the amplitude modulation wedge 15; Composed of the material tray rotating shaft 5, the material tray support 4 is connected with the push rod 9 and the impact rod 23.

In the vibration mechanism, the push rod 9 is vertically interspersed in two sliders 24, and the lower end of the push rod 9 is embedded with a high-hardness wear-resistant ball; the impact rod 23 and the impact block 8 are distributed at both ends of the push rod 9, and the impact rod 23 Interspersed in the slide block 24 li above impact block 8; Start the vibration cam 22 surface to be plated with hard wear-resistant material; The ejector rod 9 is jacked up. At this time, the impact rod 23 and the material handling mechanism are lifted together with the ejector rod 9. When the abrupt contour line of the vibration starting cam 22 is reached, the ejector rod 9 is suspended in the air, and together with the material handling mechanism, it is formed under the action of gravity. Free fall movement, after falling for a certain distance, the impact rod 23 hits the impact block 8 below it to complete a vibration cycle.

The material loading and unloading mechanism is on the top of the whole device, wherein the material tray 3 is installed above the material tray support 4, the right end is hingedly connected with the material tray support 4 through the material tray rotating shaft 5, and the material tray buckle 1 is installed on the left end of the material tray 3 And the material tray handle 2, break off the material tray buckle 1 and then pull the animal material tray handle 2 to make the material tray 3 rotate around the material tray shaft 5, so that the material tray 3 is turned over and unloaded; the material tray buckle 1 has a self-resetting spring, vibrating During work, the material tray 3 and the material tray support 4 are fastened together tightly.

In this embodiment, the integral support 13 supports the entire device; the bottom plate 18 is installed above the integral support 13 for installing the amplitude modulation support 19, the screw support 12 and the amplitude modulation scale 25, and simultaneously supports the amplitude modulation wedge 15; the vertical support plate 10 is installed on the base plate 18, and the rear part has a support plate rib 26 to strengthen its structural strength, and the front part is equipped with a slide block 24 and an impact block 8; the casing 6 covers all moving mechanisms and parts other than the material handling mechanism, which plays a role in safety. The function of protection and noise isolation, the upper end is provided with the insertion port of the ejector rod 9 and the impact rod 23, the right end face is provided with the access port of the amplitude modulation handle 11, and the front panel is a transparent window 7 that can be opened for observing the position of the amplitude modulation and working status

In this embodiment, the stepping motor 21 is connected to an external control circuit, and the speed and number of rotations of the stepping motor 21 are adjusted by the external control circuit to realize frequency modulation and vibration times control functions.

The vibrating cam 22 can adopt different shapes in different experiments. In this embodiment, the function formula of the outer contour expansion line of the vibrating cam 22 is: θ is in the range of 0 to π/2, and the function formula of the outer contour development line is y=0; θ is in the range of π/2 to π, and the outer contour The contour expansion line function is The relationship between the maximum amplitude and the cam phase is shown in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 4, the amplitude modulation mechanism adjusts the amplitude by rotating the amplitude modulation handle 11, the amplitude modulation handle 11 is connected with the screw rod 14, the screw rod 14 is interspersed in the amplitude modulation wedge 15, and the amplitude modulation wedge 15 supports the right end of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate 20, The right end of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate 20 is connected with the vibration-starting cam 22 through the belt pulley 16, and the axis of the vibration-starting cam 22 is connected with the outer contour of the amplitude modulation wedge 15 through the belt pulley 16, and the shaft at the left end of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate 20 is inserted in the amplitude modulation support 19; The handle 11 drives the screw rod 14 to rotate, and the screw rod 14 drives the amplitude modulation wedge 15 to move left and right, so that the height of the right end of the amplitude modulation pendulum plate 20 and the pulley 16 is changed, thereby changing the contact height between the vibration starting cam 22 and the ejector rod 9 to achieve the purpose of amplitude modulation .

The process of applying the present invention to carry out mud sample vibration is:

(1) Set vibration parameters: determine the vibration parameters required for testing or making mud samples, including vibration frequency, vibration amplitude and vibration times. The vibration frequency and vibration times are controlled by the external control circuit to control the input of the stepping motor 21; the vibration amplitude is adjusted by adjusting the amplitude Set the handle 11, turn the amplitude modulation handle 11, and drive the amplitude modulation wedge 15 to move left and right to the preset position indicated by the amplitude modulation scale 25. After the amplitude modulation is completed, remove the amplitude modulation handle 11 to avoid vibration or collision. interfere with unloading operations;

(2) Mud sample loading: Turn the material tray 3 to the position where it fits with the material tray support 4, check the material tray buckle 1, and clamp the material tray 3 on the material tray support 4; load the mud sample to be vibrated into the In the material tray 3, the load of the mud sample does not exceed the outer edge of the material tray 3;

(3) Mud sample vibration: After adjusting the parameters and loading the mud sample, open the external control circuit to rotate the stepping motor 21, and the device vibrates the mud sample according to the set parameters; as shown in Figure 5, the stepping motor 21 passes through the belt 17 And belt pulley 16 transmits the power to the start-up cam 22, and the start-up cam 22 rotates counterclockwise. During the rotation of one week, the push rod 9 will not be touched in the previous section; The longer the suspension time, the smaller the effective jacking distance after contact, and the smaller the amplitude; during the suspension process, the material handling mechanism is supported by the impact rod 23 and the impact block 8; Finally, continue to rotate to jack up the ejector rod 9 together with the entire material handling mechanism. After the one-cycle rotation of the vibration cam 22 ends, its outer contour changes suddenly so that the ejector rod 9 is suspended in the air together with the entire material handling mechanism and falls freely until the impact rod 23 hits A vibrating force is generated on the impact block 8 to complete a period of vibrating action; the vibrating cam 22 continues to rotate circularly to realize continuous vibration until the number of vibrations reaches the set value and stops;

(4) Mud sample unloading: After the vibration is over, close the external control circuit, place the subsequent material holding device on the right side of the device, then break off the material tray buckle 1, pull up the material tray handle 2, and make the material tray 3 wrap around the material tray The support 4 rotates, and directly pours the mud sample into the subsequent material holding device after turning over;

(5) Cleaning the material tray 3: All moving mechanisms except the material loading and unloading mechanism are encapsulated in the casing 6, so the material tray 3 can be directly rinsed with water and then wiped dry.

Claims (2)

1. a frequency and amplitude adjustable mud sample vibrating device, at least involving vibrations mechanism and material handling mechanism, is characterized in that: also comprise amplitude modulation mechanism and frequency modulation unit; Amplitude modulation mechanism comprises amplitude modulation pendulum plate, amplitude modulation voussoir, amplitude modulation handle, screw mandrel, screw mandrel bearing, amplitude modulation bearing and amplitude modulation scale; Frequency modulation unit is a stepper motor for frequency modulation, and stepper motor is arranged on amplitude modulation pendulum plate; Vibrating mechanism comprises belt, belt pulley, opens the cam that shakes, push rod, impact bar and impact block, belt pulley and Qi Zhen cam coaxial, belt pulley is connected by belt with stepper motor, and belt pulley is embedded in the sleeve one end on the right side of amplitude modulation pendulum plate, rests on the wedge surface of amplitude modulation voussoir in the middle part of sleeve; Material handling mechanism is positioned at the top of whole device, the material disc support at least comprising material disc and be connected with impact bar with push rod; In described amplitude modulation mechanism, amplitude modulation handle is connected with screw mandrel, and screw mandrel interts in amplitude modulation voussoir, and amplitude modulation voussoir supports the right-hand member of amplitude modulation pendulum plate, open the cam axle center that shakes put the sleeve of plate right-hand member by amplitude modulation and be connected with amplitude modulation voussoir outer contour, the axle of amplitude modulation pendulum plate left end is inserted in amplitude modulation bearing; Amplitude modulation handle strip movable wire bar rotates, and screw mandrel drives amplitude modulation voussoir to move left and right, and makes amplitude modulation put the Level Change of plate right-hand member and belt pulley, thus changes the contact height opening shake cam and push rod, reach the object of amplitude modulation; In described vibrating mechanism, push rod vertically interts in two slide blocks, and push rod lower end is embedded with high hardness wear-resisting ball; Impact bar and impact block are distributed in push rod two ends, in the slide block that impact bar interts above impact block; Open the cam face that shakes and be coated with hard wear resistant material; Belt pulley transmits the power of stepper motor, drive is opened the cam that shakes and is rotated, open the outer contour of the cam that shakes by push rod jack-up, now impact bar and material handling mechanism are together with push rod jack-up, and when reaching the sudden change outline line opening the cam that shakes, push rod is unsettled, the movement of falling object is become under gravity together with material charging crane, after the certain distance of whereabouts, impact bar clashes into impact block thereunder, completes a vibration period; Described material handling mechanism is at the top of whole device, wherein, material disc is arranged on the top of material disc support, right-hand member is connected with material disc stand hinge by material disc rotating shaft, material disc left end is provided with material disc buckle and material disc handle, breaking material disc buckle post-tensioning animal charging tray handle into two with one's hands makes material disc around material disc axis of rotation, makes material disc overturn discharging; Material disc buckle, with Self-resetting spring, securely snaps together material disc and material disc support during vibration work.

2. frequency and amplitude according to claim 1 adjustable mud sample vibrating device, is characterized in that: by regulating the rotating speed of stepper motor and rotating the number of turns, realize frequency modulation and vibration number controlling functions.