CN103841052A - Bandwidth resource distribution system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种带宽资源分配系统，包括优先级划分策略存储模块、数据包分类器、数据包处理器、剩余带宽估计模块；其中，数据包分类器从优先级划分策略存储模块读取优先级划分策略，并对外部传输而来的、经过网络协议栈处理的网络数据包实现分类，分类后的网络数据包被传输到数据包处理器中，数据包处理器根据所述剩余带宽估计模块的估计结果对网络数据包加以处理，以保证高优先级的数据包优先处理，网络数据包最终被分配到外部对应的应用中。本发明无需事先假设系统的接入带宽大小和预留带宽，可以根据优先级对网络数据进行细粒度的调度，在高优先级应用得到最大可能的带宽资源的前提下利用剩余带宽更为低优先级的业务提供网络服务。
The present invention relates to a bandwidth resource allocation system, comprising a priority division policy storage module, a data packet classifier, a data packet processor, and a remaining bandwidth estimation module; wherein, the data packet classifier reads the priority from the priority division policy storage module Divide the strategy, and classify the network data packets that are transmitted from the outside and processed by the network protocol stack. The classified network data packets are transmitted to the data packet processor, and the data packet processor is based on the remaining bandwidth estimation module. The estimation result processes the network data packets to ensure that the high-priority data packets are processed first, and the network data packets are finally distributed to the corresponding external applications. The present invention does not need to presuppose the access bandwidth size and reserved bandwidth of the system in advance, and can perform fine-grained scheduling on network data according to priority, and use the remaining bandwidth on the premise of obtaining the maximum possible bandwidth resources for high-priority applications with lower priority Level business provides network services.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及嵌入式系统，特别涉及一种带宽资源分配系统与方法。The invention relates to an embedded system, in particular to a bandwidth resource allocation system and method.
背景技术Background technique
随着“三网融合”的全面推进，各种网络业务不断涌现，推动了能够承载融合网络业务的嵌入式终端的发展，具有网络接入能力、支持各种网络业务的嵌入式终端受到了科研、运营机构和生产部门的关注。With the comprehensive advancement of "triple play", various network services are constantly emerging, which promotes the development of embedded terminals capable of carrying converged network services. Embedded terminals with network access capabilities and supporting various network services have received scientific research. , operating agencies and production departments.
各种网络业务，特别一些流媒体服务或下载服务，需要大量的网络带宽资源。尽管近年来用户接入带宽得到很大的提升，但针对如此多对网络资源高需求的应用仍显得捉襟见肘。嵌入式终端多采用Linux平台或者Android平台进行开发。Linux操作系统处理网络数据包采用FCFS(First Come First Serve，先进先服务)的策略。它本身并不区分网络数据包的优先级，只是简单地通过网络协议栈处理，然后递交到应用层。这样做的好处是可以最大化系统吞吐量，获得最高的网络带宽利用率。但是，当网络接入带宽资源耗尽时，部分应用的QoS得不到保证，而这些业务有可能是用户最为关注的业务。Various network services, especially some streaming media services or download services, require a large amount of network bandwidth resources. Although the user access bandwidth has been greatly improved in recent years, it is still stretched for so many applications with high demands on network resources. Embedded terminals mostly use Linux platform or Android platform for development. The Linux operating system uses the FCFS (First Come First Serve) strategy to process network packets. It does not distinguish the priority of network data packets, but simply processes them through the network protocol stack and then submits them to the application layer. The advantage of this is that it can maximize system throughput and obtain the highest network bandwidth utilization. However, when the network access bandwidth resources are exhausted, the QoS of some applications cannot be guaranteed, and these services may be the services that users are most concerned about.
针对带宽资源的使用，现有的一些技术通过预留带宽的方式以保证用户关注业务的带宽资源，如windows上的一些管理程序预留出带宽以保证浏览器访问网页的性能。这种方法虽然能够一定程度上保证某一业务的QoS需求，但如何确定预留的带宽值是一个难题，当预留出的带宽大于业务需求，则造成带宽资源的浪费，反之则业务对网络的需求得不到满足。For the use of bandwidth resources, some existing technologies ensure bandwidth resources for users to pay attention to services by reserving bandwidth. For example, some management programs on windows reserve bandwidth to ensure the performance of browsers accessing web pages. Although this method can guarantee the QoS requirements of a certain service to a certain extent, how to determine the reserved bandwidth value is a difficult problem. When the reserved bandwidth is greater than the service demand, bandwidth resources will be wasted. Otherwise, the service will affect the network. needs are not met.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有的带宽分配方法或者容易造成带宽资源浪费，或者使得业务对网络的需求无法得到满足的缺陷，从而提供一种更为高效、合理的带宽资源分配系统与方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect that the existing bandwidth allocation method may easily cause waste of bandwidth resources, or make the demand of business on the network unsatisfactory, so as to provide a more efficient and reasonable bandwidth resource allocation system and method.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种带宽资源分配系统，包括优先级划分策略存储模块、数据包分类器、数据包处理器、剩余带宽估计模块；其中，In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bandwidth resource allocation system, including a priority division policy storage module, a data packet classifier, a data packet processor, and a remaining bandwidth estimation module; wherein,
所述的数据包分类器从所述的优先级划分策略存储模块读取优先级划分策略，并对外部传输而来的、经过网络协议栈处理的网络数据包实现分类，分类后的网络数据包被传输到所述数据包处理器中，所述数据包处理器根据所述剩余带宽估计模块的估计结果对所述的网络数据包加以处理，以保证高优先级的数据包优先处理，网络数据包最终被分配到外部对应的应用中。The data packet classifier reads the prioritization policy from the prioritization policy storage module, and classifies the network data packets transmitted externally and processed by the network protocol stack, and the classified network data packets is transmitted to the data packet processor, and the data packet processor processes the network data packets according to the estimation result of the remaining bandwidth estimation module, so as to ensure that high-priority data packets are processed first, and the network data The package is finally distributed to the corresponding external application.
上述技术方案中，所述的优先级划分策略包括依据应用程序对带宽资源的占用特点将应用程序划分为三个固定优先级：时间敏感型、突发型和普通型；时间敏感型的应用优先级最高，突发型的应用优先级次之，普通型的应用优先级最低；In the above technical solution, the prioritization strategy includes dividing the application program into three fixed priority levels according to the bandwidth resources occupied by the application program: time-sensitive type, burst type and common type; time-sensitive type applications are given priority The priority of the application is the highest, the priority of the application of the burst type is the second, and the priority of the application of the ordinary type is the lowest;
其中，时间敏感型对应于前台应用，即用户正在关注的应用；突发型对应于对网络流量要求不多的后台应用，包括后台通信进程；普通型对应于占用网络带宽大的后台应用，包括后台下载。Among them, the time-sensitive type corresponds to the foreground application, that is, the application that the user is paying attention to; the burst type corresponds to the background application that does not require much network traffic, including the background communication process; the normal type corresponds to the background application that occupies a large network bandwidth, including background download.
上述技术方案中，所述的数据包分类器在接收到网络数据包后，提取该网络数据包的属性，包括数据包的源端口、源IP、目的端口及目的IP，将所接收网络数据包的属性与预知的应用所需网络服务的属性进行比较，得到该网络数据包所属应用，进而得到该网络数据包的优先级类型，从而实现对网络数据包的分类。In the above technical solution, after receiving the network data packet, the described data packet classifier extracts the attributes of the network data packet, including the source port, source IP, destination port and destination IP of the data packet, and divides the received network data packet The attribute of the network data packet is compared with the attribute of the predicted network service required by the application to obtain the application to which the network data packet belongs, and then to obtain the priority type of the network data packet, thereby realizing the classification of the network data packet.
上述技术方案中，所述的数据包处理器根据网络数据包所属的应用类型和当前剩余带宽资源，为网络数据包增加不同的时间延迟，优先级越高的网络数据包所增加的时间延迟越小。In the above technical solution, the data packet processor adds different time delays to the network data packets according to the application type to which the network data packets belong and the current remaining bandwidth resources, and the higher the priority of the network data packets, the more time delay is added. Small.
上述技术方案中，所述的数据包处理器在处理数据包时，首先判断当前网络数据包的优先级类型，对于时间敏感型的数据包，处理延迟为0，对于其他两种类型的数据包，接着判断当前剩余带宽是否大于阈值，若大于且在较当前数据包的优先级更高的队列中尚有未处理的数据包，则增加当前数据包的处理延迟，若大于且较当前数据包的优先级更高的队列为空，则减少当前数据包的处理延迟；若当前剩余带宽小于阈值，则增加当前数据包的处理延迟。In the above technical solution, when the data packet processor processes the data packet, it first judges the priority type of the current network data packet, and for the time-sensitive data packet, the processing delay is 0, and for the other two types of data packets , then determine whether the current remaining bandwidth is greater than the threshold, if it is greater than and there are unprocessed data packets in the queue with a higher priority than the current data packet, then increase the processing delay of the current data packet, if it is greater than and higher than the current data packet If the queue with higher priority is empty, the processing delay of the current data packet will be reduced; if the current remaining bandwidth is less than the threshold, the processing delay of the current data packet will be increased.
上述技术方案中，所述剩余带宽估计模块在计算当前所能使用的带宽资源时，采用利用估计的总带宽减去当前使用的带宽资源的方法。In the above technical solution, when calculating the currently usable bandwidth resources, the remaining bandwidth estimating module adopts the method of subtracting the currently used bandwidth resources from the estimated total bandwidth.
上述技术方案中，所述剩余带宽估计模块在估计总带宽时，首先设定总带宽为初始值为B0；接着统计单位时间内系统已经使用的带宽资源B’；再探测当前系统的剩余带宽；最后更新总带宽值B：当剩余带宽不足时，总带宽值为单位时间内系统已使用的带宽，即B=B’，否则，总带宽B=B’+△B。In the above technical solution, when estimating the total bandwidth, the remaining bandwidth estimation module first sets the total bandwidth as an initial value of B 0 ; then counts the bandwidth resource B' that the system has used in a unit time; then detects the remaining bandwidth of the current system ; Finally update the total bandwidth value B: when the remaining bandwidth is insufficient, the total bandwidth value is the bandwidth used by the system per unit time, that is, B=B', otherwise, the total bandwidth B=B'+△B.
本发明还提供了一种在所述的带宽资源分配系统上实现的带宽资源分配方法，包括：The present invention also provides a bandwidth resource allocation method implemented on the bandwidth resource allocation system, including:
步骤1)、数据包分类器从外部接收到网络数据包后，对其进行处理，获取所述网络数据包的属性信息，包括源IP，源端口，目的IP和目的端口；Step 1), after the data packet classifier receives the network data packet from the outside, it is processed to obtain the attribute information of the network data packet, including source IP, source port, destination IP and destination port;
步骤2)、将所述网络数据包的属性信息以及预知的应用所需网络服务的属性信息进行比较，得到该网络数据包所属应用，进而得到该网络数据包的优先级类型，将不同优先级的网络数据包存储到不同的优先级队列中；Step 2), comparing the attribute information of the network data packet with the attribute information of the predicted network service required by the application to obtain the application to which the network data packet belongs, and then obtain the priority type of the network data packet, and compare the different priority The network data packets are stored in different priority queues;
步骤3)、依据网络数据包的优先级和当前的带宽资源状况，分别计算网络数据包的处理延迟；Step 3), according to the priority of the network data packet and the current bandwidth resource status, respectively calculate the processing delay of the network data packet;
步骤4)、根据处理延迟和当前时间，计算网络数据包的到期时间，按照到期时间的先后，将网络数据包放入数据包等待队列中；所述数据包等待队列按照先进先出的顺序处理数据；Step 4), according to processing delay and current time, calculate the expiry time of network data packet, according to the order of expiry time, network data packet is put into data packet waiting queue; Said data packet waiting queue is according to first-in-first-out Process data sequentially;
步骤5)、检测所述数据包等待队列，获取首包的到期时间；Step 5), detecting the waiting queue of the data packet, obtaining the expiry time of the first packet;
步骤6)、判断当前时间是否大于数据包等待队列中首个包的到期时间，若是执行下一步，否则重新执行步骤5)；Step 6), judge whether the current time is greater than the expiry time of the first packet in the data packet waiting queue, if execute the next step, otherwise re-execute step 5);
步骤7)、将数据包等待队列中的首个包放入缓冲区；Step 7), put the first packet in the packet waiting queue into the buffer;
步骤8)、应用程序读取该网络数据包。Step 8), the application program reads the network data packet.
上述技术方案中，所述的步骤3)包括：In the above-mentioned technical scheme, described step 3) comprises:
步骤3-1)、判断当前数据包的优先级类型，对于时间敏感型的数据包，处理延迟为0，对于其他两种类型的数据包，执行后续操作；(Step 3-1), judging the priority type of the current data packet, for the time-sensitive data packet, the processing delay is 0, and for the other two types of data packets, perform subsequent operations; (
步骤3-2)、若当前剩余带宽大于阈值，而在较当前数据包的优先级更高的队列中尚有未处理的数据包，则增加当前数据包的处理延迟，若较当前数据包的优先级更高的队列为空，则减少当前数据包的处理延迟；Step 3-2), if the current remaining bandwidth is greater than the threshold, and there are unprocessed data packets in the queue with higher priority than the current data packet, then increase the processing delay of the current data packet; If the queue with higher priority is empty, the processing delay of the current packet will be reduced;
步骤3-3)、若当前剩余带宽小于阈值，则增加当前数据包的处理延迟。Step 3-3), if the current remaining bandwidth is less than the threshold, increase the processing delay of the current data packet.
本发明的优点在于：The advantages of the present invention are:
1、本发明通过对应用使用的带宽资源进行管理，利用有限的带宽资源为多个应用提高有效的带宽资源分配策略，有效保证了用户关注业务的带宽资源；1. The present invention manages bandwidth resources used by applications, utilizes limited bandwidth resources to improve effective bandwidth resource allocation strategies for multiple applications, and effectively guarantees bandwidth resources for users to pay attention to services;
2、本发明无需事先假设系统的接入带宽大小和预留带宽，可以根据优先级对网络数据进行细粒度的调度，在高优先级应用得到最大可能的带宽资源的前提下利用剩余带宽更为低优先级的业务提供网络服务。2. The present invention does not need to assume the access bandwidth size and reserved bandwidth of the system in advance, and can schedule fine-grained network data according to the priority, and use the remaining bandwidth more efficiently under the premise that the high-priority application obtains the maximum possible bandwidth resource. Low-priority services provide network services.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的嵌入式带宽资源分配系统的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embedded bandwidth resource allocation system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述。The present invention will be further described now in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
参考图1，本发明的嵌入式带宽资源分配系统包括：优先级划分策略存储模块、数据包分类器、数据包处理器、剩余带宽估计模块；其中，所述的数据包分类器能够从所述的优先级划分策略存储模块读取优先级划分策略，并对外部传输而来的、经过网络协议栈处理的网络数据包实现分类，分类后的网络数据包被传输到数据包处理器中，所述数据包处理器根据剩余带宽估计模块的估计结果对所述的网络数据包加以处理，以保证高优先级的数据包优先处理，网络数据包最终被分配到对应的应用程序中。With reference to Fig. 1, the embedded bandwidth resource allocation system of the present invention comprises: priority division policy storage module, data packet classifier, data packet processor, remaining bandwidth estimation module; Wherein, described data packet classifier can be from described The prioritization policy storage module reads the prioritization policy, and classifies the network data packets transmitted from the outside and processed by the network protocol stack, and the classified network data packets are transmitted to the data packet processor. The data packet processor processes the network data packets according to the estimation result of the remaining bandwidth estimation module, so as to ensure that high-priority data packets are processed first, and the network data packets are finally allocated to corresponding application programs.
下面对系统中各个模块的功能做进一步说明。The function of each module in the system will be further explained below.
所述的数据包分类器依据网络数据包的属性以及优先级划分策略对数据包进行分类，并将其存放到对应的优先级队列中。其中，所述网络数据包的属性包括数据包的源端口、源IP、目的端口及目的IP。在所述的优先级划分策略中，依据应用程序对带宽资源的占用特点将应用程序划分为三个固定优先级：时间敏感型、突发型和普通型。时间敏感型对应于前台应用，即用户正在关注的应用；突发型对应于对网络流量要求不多的后台应用，如后台通信进程；普通型对应于占用网络带宽大的后台应用，如后台下载。对于时间敏感型应用，应保证其得到最高优先级的处理，突发型次之，最后是普通型。The data packet classifier classifies the data packets according to the attributes of the network data packets and the priority division strategy, and stores them in corresponding priority queues. Wherein, the attributes of the network data packet include the source port, source IP, destination port and destination IP of the data packet. In the prioritization strategy, applications are divided into three fixed priorities according to their occupation of bandwidth resources: time-sensitive type, burst type, and common type. The time-sensitive type corresponds to the foreground application, that is, the application that the user is paying attention to; the burst type corresponds to the background application that does not require much network traffic, such as the background communication process; the normal type corresponds to the background application that occupies a large network bandwidth, such as background downloading . For time-sensitive applications, it should be guaranteed to be processed with the highest priority, followed by burst type, and finally normal type.
数据包分类器在接收到网络数据包后，提取该网络数据包的属性，包括数据包的源端口、源IP、目的端口及目的IP，将所接收网络数据包的属性与预知的应用所需网络服务的属性(包括该应用所需网络服务所对应的IP、端口信息)进行比较，得到该网络数据包所属应用，进而得到该网络数据包的优先级类型，从而实现对网络数据包的分类。具有不同优先级的网络数据包被放入不同的优先级队列中。After receiving the network data packet, the data packet classifier extracts the attributes of the network data packet, including the source port, source IP, destination port and destination IP of the data packet, and compares the attributes of the received network data packet with the predicted application requirements. Compare the attributes of the network service (including the IP and port information corresponding to the network service required by the application), get the application to which the network data packet belongs, and then obtain the priority type of the network data packet, so as to realize the classification of the network data packet . Network packets with different priorities are put into different priority queues.
所述的数据包处理器根据数据包所属的应用类型和当前剩余带宽资源，增加不同的处理延迟，从而实现数据包的优先级调度，优先级越高的数据包延迟越小。The data packet processor adds different processing delays according to the application type to which the data packets belong and the current remaining bandwidth resources, so as to realize the priority scheduling of the data packets, and the higher the priority, the smaller the delay of the data packets.
具体而言，数据包处理器对当前所要处理的处理包执行如下操作：(1)判断当前数据包的优先级类型，对于时间敏感型的数据包，处理延迟为0，对于其他两种类型的数据包，执行后续操作；(2)若当前剩余带宽大于阈值，而在较当前数据包的优先级更高的队列中尚有未处理的数据包，则增加当前数据包的处理延迟，若较当前数据包的优先级更高的队列为空，则减少当前数据包的处理延迟；(3)若当前剩余带宽小于阈值，则增加当前数据包的处理延迟。Specifically, the data packet processor performs the following operations on the processing packets currently to be processed: (1) judge the priority type of the current data packet, for time-sensitive data packets, the processing delay is 0, for the other two types (2) if the current remaining bandwidth is greater than the threshold, and there are unprocessed data packets in the queue with higher priority than the current data packet, then increase the processing delay of the current data packet, if the If the queue with higher priority of the current data packet is empty, the processing delay of the current data packet is reduced; (3) if the current remaining bandwidth is less than the threshold, the processing delay of the current data packet is increased.
所述的剩余带宽估计模块用于计算当前所能使用的带宽资源。该模块在计算当前所能使用的带宽资源时，采用了用估计的总带宽减去当前使用的带宽资源的方法。目前已有多种技术可探测系统的剩余带宽，但考虑到频繁的探测流需要浪费一定的带宽资源以及实时性不够的问题，本发明采用定期探测剩余带宽(不需要过于频繁)和统计探测期间使用的带宽资源来估算总带宽，在实时调整的时候，再根据估算出来的总带宽减去当前占用的带宽来得到实时的剩余带宽。估算总带宽的具体步骤包括：(1)设定总带宽为初始值为B0；(2)统计单位时间内系统已经使用的带宽资源B’；(3)探测当前系统的剩余带宽；(4)更新总带宽值B：当剩余带宽不足时，总带宽值为单位时间内系统已使用的带宽，即B=B’，否则，总带宽B=B’+△B。另外，当前使用的带宽情况可以通过统计得到。The remaining bandwidth estimation module is used to calculate the currently available bandwidth resources. When calculating the currently available bandwidth resources, this module uses the method of subtracting the currently used bandwidth resources from the estimated total bandwidth. Existing multiple technologies can detect the remaining bandwidth of the system at present, but considering that frequent detection flows need to waste a certain amount of bandwidth resources and the problem of insufficient real-time performance, the present invention adopts the method of periodically detecting the remaining bandwidth (not too frequently) and counting the detection period Use the bandwidth resources to estimate the total bandwidth. When adjusting in real time, subtract the currently occupied bandwidth from the estimated total bandwidth to obtain the real-time remaining bandwidth. The specific steps of estimating the total bandwidth include: (1) setting the total bandwidth as an initial value B 0 ; (2) counting the bandwidth resource B' that the system has used in a unit time; (3) detecting the remaining bandwidth of the current system; (4) ) Update the total bandwidth value B: when the remaining bandwidth is insufficient, the total bandwidth value is the bandwidth used by the system per unit time, that is, B=B', otherwise, the total bandwidth B=B'+△B. In addition, the currently used bandwidth can be obtained through statistics.
以上是对本发明的嵌入式带宽资源分配系统的说明，下面结合该系统对带宽资源分配方法进行描述。The above is the description of the embedded bandwidth resource allocation system of the present invention, and the bandwidth resource allocation method will be described below in conjunction with the system.
步骤201)、数据包分类器从外部接收到网络数据包后，对其进行处理，获取所述网络数据包的属性信息，包括源IP，源端口，目的IP和目的端口；Step 201), after the data packet classifier receives the network data packet from the outside, it processes it to obtain the attribute information of the network data packet, including source IP, source port, destination IP and destination port;
步骤202)、将所述网络数据包的属性信息以及预知的应用所需网络服务的属性信息进行比较，得到该网络数据包所属应用，进而得到该网络数据包的优先级类型，将不同优先级的网络数据包存储到不同的优先级队列中；Step 202), comparing the attribute information of the network data packet with the attribute information of the predicted network service required by the application, to obtain the application to which the network data packet belongs, and then to obtain the priority type of the network data packet, and assign different priorities The network data packets are stored in different priority queues;
步骤203)、依据网络数据包的优先级和当前的带宽资源状况，分别计算网络数据包的处理延迟；Step 203), according to the priority of the network data packet and the current bandwidth resource status, respectively calculate the processing delay of the network data packet;
步骤204)、根据处理延迟和当前时间，计算网络数据包的到期时间，按照到期时间的先后，将网络数据包放入数据包等待队列中；所述数据包等待队列按照先进先出的顺序处理数据；Step 204), according to processing delay and current time, calculate the expiry time of network data packet, according to the order of expiry time, network data packet is put into data packet waiting queue; Said data packet waiting queue is according to first-in-first-out Process data sequentially;
步骤205)、检测所述数据包等待队列，获取首包的到期时间；Step 205), detecting the data packet waiting queue, and obtaining the expiry time of the first packet;
步骤206)、判读当前时间是否大于数据包等待队列中首个包的到期时间，若是执行下一步，否则重新执行步骤205)；Step 206), judge whether the current time is greater than the expiry time of the first packet in the data packet waiting queue, if the next step is performed, otherwise step 205 is re-executed;
步骤207)、将数据包等待队列中的首个包放入缓冲区；Step 207), putting the first packet in the packet waiting queue into the buffer;
步骤208)、应用程序读取该网络数据包。Step 208), the application program reads the network data packet.
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the claims.
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