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CN103833005A - Microporous-mesoporous composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Microporous-mesoporous composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103833005A
CN103833005A CN201410076662.7A CN201410076662A CN103833005A CN 103833005 A CN103833005 A CN 103833005A CN 201410076662 A CN201410076662 A CN 201410076662A CN 103833005 A CN103833005 A CN 103833005A
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carbon
composite material
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mesoporous carbon
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CN103833005B (en
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戴亚
俞海军
马扩彦
汪长国
孙玉峰
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China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co Ltd
China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Co Ltd
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China Tobacco Chuanyu Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种微-介孔碳碳复合材料及其制备方法,所述的方法包括以下步骤:将烟梗粉碎后与活化剂混合炭化1-2h得到微孔活性碳材料;将苯酚溶解后加入NaOH,搅拌均匀,滴加甲醛的水溶液,继续升温,当温度达到70-75℃后,继续反应0.5-2h,反应结束后用HCl将pH值调到7.0,在50℃下真空脱水,产物溶解在乙醇中,得到甲阶酚醛树脂前驱体的乙醇溶液;将模板剂充分溶解在乙醇溶液中,加入甲阶酚醛树脂前躯体的乙醇溶液,加入微孔活性炭材料继续搅拌直至乙醇挥发,在氮气保护下进行煅烧,得到微-介孔碳碳复合材料。该复合材料可有效降低卷烟烟气中有害成分的释放量,降低巴豆醛及NNK效果明显。The invention discloses a micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: pulverizing tobacco stems, mixing them with an activator and carbonizing them for 1-2 hours to obtain a microporous activated carbon material; dissolving phenol Then add NaOH, stir evenly, drop formaldehyde aqueous solution, continue to heat up, when the temperature reaches 70-75°C, continue to react for 0.5-2h, after the reaction is completed, use HCl to adjust the pH value to 7.0, vacuum dehydration at 50°C, The product is dissolved in ethanol to obtain the ethanol solution of the resole phenolic resin precursor; the template agent is fully dissolved in the ethanol solution, the ethanol solution of the resole phenolic resin precursor is added, and the microporous activated carbon material is added to continue stirring until the ethanol volatilizes. Calcination is carried out under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material. The composite material can effectively reduce the release of harmful components in cigarette smoke, and the effect of reducing crotonaldehyde and NNK is obvious.

Description

Micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite and preparation method thereof, and be applied to and in cigarette, effectively reduce harmful substances in flue gas content.
Background technology
Along with social progress, smoking and environmental problem are by the whole world is paid close attention to." Framework Convention on Tobacco Control " requires national governments to work up more severe " Tobacco Control " laws and regulations, impels tobacco productive corporation in reducing releasing content of coke tar in cigarette, more will strictly control the burst size of main objectionable constituent in cigarette smoke.2009, studied by the Zhengzhou tobacco research institute cigarette smoke hazardness index that has carried out Chinese-style cigarette of taking the lead, filter out 7 kinds of representative compositions as cigarette Evaluation of Harmfulness index, as CO, HCN, NNK, B[a] P, phenol etc.In last century end, activated carbon is because cost is low, source abundant, and foreign tobacco industry is extensively used as additives of filter tip.But above-mentioned seven kinds of objectionable constituent molecular sizes are different and the easy blocking microporous duct of macromole of the thickness such as tar, cause the comparatively single aperture of activated carbon to be difficult to realize the comprehensive reduction of objectionable constituent, and porous material, as micropore-mesopore matrix material, can bring into play the structural advantage in several ducts simultaneously, thereby effectively reduce the hazardness of cigarette.
In addition, the offal in tobacco is the by product of tobacco industry, has every year a large amount of offals to go out of use, and not only contaminate environment is also the waste of biomass resource, is the difficult problem that tobacco industry need to solve so how to make good use of waste tobacco stem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make full use of by product offal in tobacco as raw material, prepare can effectively reduce harmful constituents in cigarette flue gas micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A preparation method for micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: offal is prepared activated carbon
After will offal pulverizing, get 40-100 object particle, itself and activator mix are added to deionized water and fully flood 12-18h, vacuum-drying at 95-110 ℃ then obtains micropore active carbon material in 750-900 ℃ of charing 1-2h in nitrogen atmosphere;
Step 2: the preparation of resole presoma
Phenol is added to NaOH after 35-50 ℃ of dissolving, stir, drip the aqueous solution of formaldehyde, continue to heat up, when temperature reaches after 70-75 ℃, continue reaction 0.5-2h, reaction finishes pH value to be transferred to 7.0 with HCl afterwards, vacuum hydro-extraction at 50 ℃, product is dissolved in ethanol, obtains the ethanolic soln of resole presoma;
Step 3, the preparation of micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite
At 30~50 ℃; template is fully dissolved in the HCl solution of ethanol and 0.2M; add again the ethanolic soln of resole precursor; continue to stir 2-4h; add micropore absorbent charcoal material to continue to stir until ethanol volatilization; then in 100-120 ℃ of baking oven, further allow phenolic resin heat reunion 20-30h, finally under nitrogen protection, calcine, obtain micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite.
In above-mentioned method, described promoting agent is KOH, K 2cO 3, ZnCl 2one or more.In above-mentioned method, described template is P123, F127, one or more in F108.In above-mentioned method, described offal and the mass ratio of promoting agent are (1:1)-(1:4).
In above-mentioned method, the massfraction of the ethanolic soln of described resole presoma is 10-30%.
In above-mentioned method, the calcining described in step 3 is included in calcines 2-3h and at 800-900 ℃ of calcining 10-15h at 300-400 ℃.
A kind of micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite, adopt described method preparation and obtain.
A kind of binary combined filter tip, be composited by additivated acetate fiber section and acetate fiber section, described additivated acetate fiber section is that micro--mesoporous carbon carbon composite is dispersed in loose acetate fibres, additivated acetate fiber section and acetate fiber section alternative arrangement, the front end of filter tip connects additivated acetate fiber section, and the end of filter tip connects acetate fiber section.
Described micro--addition of mesoporous carbon carbon composite is 2-30mg.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) present method technique simple, with low cost, can industrial applications, reaction conditions gentleness, reaction conditions is easy to control.
(2) matrix material of preparing combines the performance of microporous carbon and meso-porous carbon material, and this matrix material adds filter tip to for cigarette, can effectively reduce the burst size of harmful constituents in cigarette flue gas, reduces crotonic aldehyde and NNK successful.
(3) matrix material of the present invention on cigarette organoleptic quality substantially without impact, nontoxic, can meet the complete processing of binary compound bar, aspect low harm cigarette processing, having application prospect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
Take 61.1g phenol and put into four-hole boiling flask, after 43 ℃ of dissolvings, add the NaOH of 13.0g, stir after 10min, drip the aqueous solution (massfraction 37%) of the formaldehyde of 105.4g by constant pressure funnel, continue to heat up, when temperature reaches after 70-75 ℃, reaction 1h, reaction finishes pH value to be transferred to 7.0, vacuum hydro-extraction at 50 ℃ with HCl afterwards, final product is dissolved in (20wt% ethanolic soln) in ethanol, prepares sylvan urea formaldehyde presoma.
After will offal pulverizing, get 40-100 object particle, it is mixed and add deionized water and fully flood 16h by the weight ratio of 1:1 with KOH, then vacuum-drying 2h at 100 ℃, then 800 ℃ of calcinings in nitrogen atmosphere, obtain activated carbon.
The F127 that takes 10g is dissolved in 100g ethanol and forms after limpid solution at 40 ℃, adds 50g resole presoma (20wt% ethanolic soln), continues to stir 2h.Add through 63g activated carbon and continue to stir until ethanol volatilization, then further hot reunion 24h in 100 degree baking ovens.And then under nitrogen protection 350 ℃ of calcining 3h, 900 ℃ of calcining 2h, obtain specific surface area and be 1348m2/g micro--Jie's complex carbon material 1, wherein mesoporous carbon content is 10wt%.
Micro--Jie's complex carbon material 1 is joined in cigarette holder stick, being specially binary compound filter candle is made up of the acetate fiber section alternative arrangement of acetate fiber section and the micro--Jie's complex carbon material 1 of interpolation, described interpolation is micro--acetate fiber section of Jie's complex carbon material 1 be by micro--that Jie's complex carbon material 1 is scattered in loose acetate fibres is uniformly intrafascicular, the addition of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 1 is that 10mg/ props up, add the acetate fiber section of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 1 in front end and the pipe tobacco end in contact of filter stick, acetate fiber section is at the end of filter stick.Binary compound filter candle is detected the phenol burst size in cigarette smoke, and detected result is in table 1.
Micro-in table 1: embodiment 1-Jie's complex carbon material 1 joins the detection data of Pyrogentisinic Acid's burst size in cigarette holder stick
Figure BDA0000472691750000041
Embodiment 2:
The F127 that takes 10g is dissolved in 100g ethanol and forms after limpid solution at 40 ℃, and the resole (20wt% ethanolic soln) that adds 50g embodiment 1 to prepare continues to stir 2h.Add the continuation stirring in 28g activated carbon (with embodiment 1) until ethanol volatilizees, then 100 spend further hot reunion 24h in baking ovens.And then under nitrogen protection 350 ℃ of calcining 3h, 900 ℃ of calcining 2h, obtain specific surface area and be 1076m2/g micro--Jie's complex carbon material 2, wherein mesoporous carbon content is 20wt%.
Micro--Jie's complex carbon material 2 is joined in cigarette holder stick, being specially binary compound filter candle is made up of the acetate fiber section alternative arrangement of acetate fiber section and the micro--Jie's complex carbon material 2 of interpolation, described interpolation is micro--acetate fiber section of Jie's complex carbon material 2 be by micro--that Jie's complex carbon material 2 is scattered in loose acetate fibres is uniformly intrafascicular, the addition of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 2 is that 10mg/ props up, add the acetate fiber section of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 2 in front end and the pipe tobacco end in contact of filter stick, acetate fiber section is at the end of filter stick.Binary compound filter candle is detected the phenol burst size in cigarette smoke, and detected result is in table 2.
Micro-in table 2: embodiment 2-Jie's complex carbon material 2 joins the detection data of Pyrogentisinic Acid's burst size in cigarette holder stick
Embodiment 3:
The F127 that takes 10g is dissolved in 150g ethanol and forms after limpid solution at 40 ℃, adds 50g resole (20wt% ethanolic soln), continues to stir 2h.Add 16g activated carbon (with embodiment 1) to continue to stir until ethanol volatilization, then further hot reunion 24h in 100 degree baking ovens.And then under nitrogen protection 350 ℃ of calcining 3h, 900 ℃ of calcining 2h, obtain specific surface area and be 943m2/g micro--Jie's complex carbon material 3, wherein to receive content be 30wt% to mesoporous carbon.
Micro--Jie's complex carbon material 3 is joined in cigarette holder stick, being specially binary compound filter candle is made up of the acetate fiber section alternative arrangement of acetate fiber section and the micro--Jie's complex carbon material 3 of interpolation, described interpolation is micro--acetate fiber section of Jie's complex carbon material 3 be by micro--that Jie's complex carbon material 3 is scattered in loose acetate fibres is uniformly intrafascicular, the addition of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 3 is that 10mg/ props up, add the acetate fiber section of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 3 in front end and the pipe tobacco end in contact of filter stick, acetate fiber section is at the end of filter stick.Binary compound filter candle is detected the phenol burst size in cigarette smoke, and detected result is in table 3.
Micro-in table 3: embodiment 3-Jie's complex carbon material 3 joins the detection data of Pyrogentisinic Acid's burst size in cigarette holder stick
Figure BDA0000472691750000061
Embodiment 4:
After will offal pulverizing, get 40-100 object particle, by itself and ZnCl 2add deionized water by the weight ratio mixing of 1:1 and fully flood 18h, then vacuum-drying 3h at 100 ℃, then 900 ℃ of calcining 2h in nitrogen atmosphere.
The P123 that takes 8g is dissolved in 150g ethanol and forms after limpid solution at 40 ℃, adds 50g resole precursor (20wt% ethanolic soln), continues to stir 2h.Add through the 28g activated carbon of activation treatment and continue to stir until ethanol volatilization, then further hot reunion 24h in 100 degree baking ovens.And then under nitrogen protection 350 ℃ calcining 3h, 900 ℃ calcining 2h, obtaining specific surface area is 827m 2/ g micro--Jie's complex carbon material 4, wherein mesoporous carbon content is 20wt%.
Micro--Jie's complex carbon material 4 is joined in cigarette holder stick, being specially binary compound filter candle is made up of the acetate fiber section alternative arrangement of acetate fiber section and the micro--Jie's complex carbon material 4 of interpolation, described interpolation is micro--acetate fiber section of Jie's complex carbon material 4 be by micro--that Jie's complex carbon material 4 is scattered in loose acetate fibres is uniformly intrafascicular, the addition of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 4 is that 10mg/ props up, add the acetate fiber section of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 4 in front end and the pipe tobacco end in contact of filter stick, acetate fiber section is at the end of filter stick.Binary compound filter candle is detected the phenol burst size in cigarette smoke, and detected result is in table 4.
Micro-in table 4: embodiment 4-Jie's complex carbon material 4 joins the detection data of Pyrogentisinic Acid's burst size in cigarette holder stick
Figure BDA0000472691750000071
Embodiment 5:
After will offal pulverizing, get 40-100 object particle, by itself and K 2cO 3add deionized water by the weight ratio mixing of 1:2 and fully flood 14h, then vacuum-drying 3h at 100 ℃, then 750 ℃ of calcining 1.5h in nitrogen atmosphere.
The P108 that takes 6g is dissolved in 150g ethanol and forms after limpid solution at 40 ℃, adds 50g resole precursor (20wt% ethanolic soln), continues to stir 2h.Add through the 28g activated carbon of activation treatment and continue to stir until ethanol volatilizees, then further hot reunion 24h in 100 ℃ of baking ovens.And then under nitrogen protection 350 ℃ calcining 3h, 900 ℃ calcining 2h, obtaining specific surface area is 951m 2/ g micro--Jie's complex carbon material 5, wherein mesoporous carbon content is 20wt%.
Micro--Jie's complex carbon material 5 is joined in cigarette holder stick, being specially binary compound filter candle is made up of the acetate fiber section alternative arrangement of acetate fiber section and the micro--Jie's complex carbon material 5 of interpolation, described interpolation is micro--acetate fiber section of Jie's complex carbon material 5 be by micro--that Jie's complex carbon material 5 is scattered in loose acetate fibres is uniformly intrafascicular, the addition of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 5 is that 10mg/ props up, add the acetate fiber section of micro--Jie's complex carbon material 5 in front end and the pipe tobacco end in contact of filter stick, acetate fiber section is at the end of filter stick.Binary compound filter candle is detected the phenol burst size in cigarette smoke, and detected result is in table 5.
Micro-in table 5: embodiment 5-Jie's complex carbon material 5 joins the detection data of Pyrogentisinic Acid's burst size in cigarette holder stick
Figure BDA0000472691750000072
Figure BDA0000472691750000081
Although with reference to explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, above-described embodiment is only preferably embodiment of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other modification and embodiments, and these are revised and within embodiment will drop on the disclosed principle scope and spirit of the application.

Claims (9)

1.一种微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1. a preparation method of micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 步骤一:烟梗制备活性碳Step 1: Preparation of activated carbon from tobacco stems 将烟梗粉碎后取40-100目的颗粒,将其与活化剂混合加去离子水充分浸渍12-18h,在95-110℃下真空干燥,然后在氮气气氛中于750-900℃炭化1-2h得到微孔活性碳材料;After crushing the tobacco stems, take 40-100 mesh particles, mix them with an activator and add deionized water to fully impregnate them for 12-18 hours, dry them in vacuum at 95-110°C, and then carbonize them at 750-900°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. 2h obtains microporous activated carbon material; 步骤二:甲阶酚醛树脂前驱体的制备Step 2: Preparation of resole phenolic resin precursor 将苯酚在35-50℃溶解后加入NaOH,搅拌均匀,滴加甲醛的水溶液,继续升温,当温度达到70-75℃后,继续反应0.5-2h,反应结束后用HCl将PH值调到7.0,在50℃下真空脱水,产物溶解在乙醇中,得到甲阶酚醛树脂前驱体的乙醇溶液;Dissolve phenol at 35-50°C and add NaOH, stir evenly, add formaldehyde aqueous solution dropwise, continue to heat up, when the temperature reaches 70-75°C, continue to react for 0.5-2h, after the reaction, use HCl to adjust the pH value to 7.0 , vacuum dehydration at 50°C, and the product is dissolved in ethanol to obtain an ethanol solution of the resole phenolic resin precursor; 步骤三,微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备Step 3, preparation of micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composites 在30~50℃下,将模板剂充分溶解在乙醇溶液中,再加入甲阶酚醛树脂前躯体的乙醇溶液,继续搅拌2-4h,加入微孔活性炭材料继续搅拌直至乙醇挥发,然后100-120℃烘箱里进一步让酚醛树脂热团聚20-30h,最后在氮气保护下进行煅烧,得到微-介孔碳碳复合材料。At 30-50°C, fully dissolve the template agent in the ethanol solution, then add the ethanol solution of the resole phenolic resin precursor, continue stirring for 2-4 hours, add microporous activated carbon materials and continue stirring until the ethanol volatilizes, then 100-120 The phenolic resin is further thermally agglomerated in an oven at ℃ for 20-30 hours, and finally calcined under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material. 2.根据权利要求1所述的微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述的活性剂为KOH,K2CO3,ZnCl2的一种或多种。2. The preparation method of the micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the active agent is one or more of KOH, K 2 CO 3 , ZnCl 2 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述的模板剂为P123,F127,F108中的一种或几种。3. The preparation method of micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the template agent is one or more of P123, F127, and F108. 4.根据权利要求1所述的微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述的烟梗与活性剂的质量之比为(1:1)-(1:4)。4. The preparation method of the micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of the tobacco stem to the active agent is (1:1)-(1:4). 5.根据权利要求1所述的微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述的甲阶酚醛树脂前驱体的乙醇溶液的质量分数为10-30%。5. The preparation method of micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass fraction of the ethanol solution of the resole phenolic resin precursor is 10-30%. 6.根据权利要求1所述的微-介孔碳碳复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于步骤三中所述的煅烧包括在300-400℃下煅烧2-3h和在800-900℃煅烧10-15h。6. The preparation method of micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the calcination described in step 3 includes calcination at 300-400°C for 2-3h and calcination at 800-900°C for 10 -15h. 7.一种微-介孔碳碳复合材料,其特征在于采用权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法制备而得。7. A micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material, characterized in that it is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-6. 8.一种二元复合滤嘴,由加添加剂的醋酸纤维段和醋酸纤维段复合而成,其特征在于:所述的加添加剂的醋酸纤维段为微-介孔碳碳复合材料均匀分散于松散的醋酸纤维丝中,加添加剂的醋酸纤维段和醋酸纤维段交替排列,滤嘴的前端连接加添加剂的醋酸纤维段,滤嘴的末端连接醋酸纤维段。8. A binary composite filter, formed by compounding cellulose acetate segments and cellulose acetate segments with additives, is characterized in that: the cellulose acetate segments with additives are micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite materials evenly dispersed in In the loose cellulose acetate filaments, cellulose acetate segments with additives and cellulose acetate segments are alternately arranged, the front end of the filter tip is connected with the cellulose acetate segments with additives, and the end of the filter tip is connected with the cellulose acetate segments. 9.根据权利要求8所述的二元复合滤嘴,其特征在于所述的微-介孔碳碳复合材料的添加量为2-30mg。9. The binary composite filter according to claim 8, characterized in that the added amount of the micro-mesoporous carbon-carbon composite material is 2-30 mg.
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CN104026739A (en) * 2014-06-19 2014-09-10 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 Harm-reduction type binary compound filter rod with ordered mesoporous carbon particles
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