[go: up one dir, main page]

CN103818503B - Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle - Google Patents

Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103818503B
CN103818503B CN201410077901.0A CN201410077901A CN103818503B CN 103818503 B CN103818503 B CN 103818503B CN 201410077901 A CN201410077901 A CN 201410077901A CN 103818503 B CN103818503 B CN 103818503B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
handle
liner
brake
electric vehicle
fixedly connected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201410077901.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103818503A (en
Inventor
杨国青
李红
黄智奇
吴朝晖
姚栋伟
吴锋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang University ZJU
Original Assignee
Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang University ZJU filed Critical Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority to CN201410077901.0A priority Critical patent/CN103818503B/en
Publication of CN103818503A publication Critical patent/CN103818503A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103818503B publication Critical patent/CN103818503B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, comprise handle seat and liner, between described liner and handle seat, be provided with brake axle, described brake axle and liner and handle seat are all fitted, described brake axle is provided with moving block, described moving block is fixedly connected with brake axle, is lining with in described and is provided with the projection corresponding with moving block, and described projection is fixedly connected with liner. The present invention is simple in structure, and when handle liner inwardly rotates, the relative position of magnetic links and Hall element changes, and Hall element sends handle rotating signal, thereby drives vehicle, and when handle liner outwards rotates, brake axle also outwards rotates; Brake axle rotates brake cable, thus abrupt deceleration vehicle; Simultaneously integrated acceleration of handle and brake function, reduce the time that electric motor car acceleration and braking state switch, can directly transplanting to existing electric motor car.

Description

可双向旋转电动车转把Two-way rotating electric handlebar

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及电动车生产制造领域,更具体的说,本发明涉及一种可双向旋转电动车转把。 The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle production and manufacturing, and more specifically, the invention relates to a bidirectionally rotatable electric vehicle handle.

背景技术 Background technique

目前,一种采用双向转把控制车辆加速和刹车的装置,利用电子油门和电子刹车实现了旋转双向转把控制电动车加速和制动,但此方法不能直接移植到现有的大多数电动车上,因为现有的大多数电动车均采用机械刹车,若需要采用此方案还需配备为刹车系统提供动力源装置,这将增加电动车的体积和成本。 At present, a device that uses a two-way handle to control the acceleration and braking of a vehicle uses electronic accelerator and electronic brakes to realize the rotation of the two-way handle to control the acceleration and braking of electric vehicles, but this method cannot be directly transplanted to most existing electric vehicles. In fact, because most of the existing electric vehicles use mechanical brakes, if this solution is required, a power source device for the braking system must be equipped, which will increase the size and cost of the electric vehicle.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于解决现有上述的问题,提供了一种可双向旋转电动车转把。 The purpose of the present invention is to solve the existing above-mentioned problems, and to provide a bidirectionally rotatable electric vehicle handlebar.

为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案是一种可双向旋转电动车转把,包括转把座和内衬,其特征是,所述的内衬与转把座之间设有刹车轴,所述的刹车轴与内衬和转把座均贴合,所述的刹车轴上设有转动块,所述的转动块与刹车轴固定连接,所述的内衬上设有与转动块相对应的凸块,所述的凸块与内衬固定连接。内衬正转时,通过内衬与转把座的相互作用来驱动电动车,内衬反转时,内衬上的凸块带动刹车轴上的转动块,从而通过刹车轴来驱动刹车,这样转把同时集成加速和刹车功能,降低电动车加速和刹车状态切换的时间,可以直接移植至现有电动车上。 In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is a bidirectionally rotatable handlebar for an electric vehicle, including a handlebar seat and an inner liner, characterized in that a brake shaft is provided between the inner liner and the handlebar seat, so The above-mentioned brake shaft is bonded to the inner liner and the handle seat, the above-mentioned brake shaft is provided with a rotating block, and the above-mentioned rotating block is fixedly connected with the brake shaft, and the above-mentioned inner lining is provided with a corresponding rotating block. The bump is fixedly connected with the lining. When the inner liner rotates forward, the electric vehicle is driven by the interaction between the inner liner and the handle seat. When the inner liner is reversed, the bump on the inner liner drives the rotating block on the brake shaft, thereby driving the brake through the brake shaft. The handlebar integrates acceleration and braking functions at the same time, which reduces the time for electric vehicles to switch between acceleration and braking states, and can be directly transplanted to existing electric vehicles.

作为优选,所述的刹车轴其中一端上设有刹车卡槽。刹车轴上的刹车卡槽用于卡柱刹车线端部的锌头。 Preferably, one end of the brake shaft is provided with a brake card slot. The brake card slot on the brake shaft is for the zinc head on the end of the brake post brake cable.

作为优选,所述的刹车轴上刹车卡槽端设有与刹车卡槽相对应的刹车线槽。刹车线槽用于刹车线的安装和定位,防止刹车线在刹车过程中的磨损。 Preferably, the end of the brake slot on the brake shaft is provided with a brake cable slot corresponding to the brake slot. The brake line groove is used for the installation and positioning of the brake line to prevent the wear of the brake line during braking.

作为优选,所述的凸块上设有磁钢片,所述的磁钢片与凸块固定连接,所述的转把座上设有与磁钢片相对应的霍尔元件,所述的霍尔元件与转把座固定连接。通过凸块上的磁钢片与霍尔元件的相互位置发生变化,霍尔元件发出信号,从而驱动车辆。 As a preference, a magnetic steel sheet is provided on the bump, and the magnetic steel sheet is fixedly connected with the bump, and a Hall element corresponding to the magnetic steel sheet is provided on the handlebar seat. The Hall element is fixedly connected with the handlebar. The mutual position of the magnetic steel sheet on the bump and the Hall element changes, and the Hall element sends out a signal to drive the vehicle.

作为优选,所述的转把座上设有限位块,所述的限位块与转把座固定连接。驱动车辆时,限位块起到限位作用,防止刹车轴转动。 Preferably, a limit block is provided on the handle base, and the limit block is fixedly connected with the handle base. When the vehicle is driven, the limit block acts as a limit to prevent the brake shaft from rotating.

作为优选,所述的内衬的直径大于刹车轴的直径。内衬的直径大于刹车轴的直径,这样就可以减小驾驶者刹车时转动手柄所需要的的扭矩。 Preferably, the diameter of the inner liner is larger than that of the brake shaft. The diameter of the inner liner is larger than the diameter of the brake shaft, which reduces the torque required by the driver to turn the handle when braking.

作为优选,所述的转动块与内衬之间设有回位弹簧,所述的回位弹簧两端与转动块和内衬均固定连接。在驱动车辆或者刹车时,回位弹簧起到复位作用。 Preferably, a return spring is provided between the rotating block and the inner liner, and both ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the rotating block and the inner liner. When the vehicle is driven or braked, the return spring plays a reset role.

作为优选,所述的转动块上设有第一定位孔,所述的内衬上设有第二定位孔,所述的回位弹簧两端分别设置在第一定位孔和第二定位孔内。第一定位孔和第二定位孔用于固定回位弹簧。 Preferably, the rotating block is provided with a first positioning hole, the inner lining is provided with a second positioning hole, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively arranged in the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole . The first positioning hole and the second positioning hole are used for fixing the return spring.

作为优选,所述的刹车轴外部套设有轴承,所述的轴承外圈与内衬固定连接。轴承可以减小摩擦,减少驾驶者驱动车辆时的作用力。 Preferably, a bearing is sleeved on the outside of the brake shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the inner lining. Bearings reduce friction and reduce the forces exerted on the driver when driving the vehicle.

作为优选,所述的转动块和凸块均为扇形,所述的的扇形的角度为30度~60度。这样可以在保证转动块与凸块正常的工作的情况下,同时保证了转动块与凸块的强度。 Preferably, the rotating block and the protruding block are fan-shaped, and the angle of the fan-shape is 30°-60°. In this way, the strength of the rotating block and the protruding block can be guaranteed while ensuring the normal operation of the rotating block and the protruding block.

本发明具有以下有益效果:结构简单,手柄内衬向内转动时,磁钢片与霍尔元件的相对位置发生变化,霍尔元件发出转把旋转信号,从而驱动车辆,手柄内衬向外转动时,刹车轴也向外转动;刹车轴转动刹车线,从而制动车辆;转把同时集成加速和刹车功能,降低电动车加速和刹车状态切换的时间,可以直接移植至现有电动车上。 The invention has the following beneficial effects: simple structure, when the inner lining of the handle turns inward, the relative position between the magnetic steel sheet and the Hall element changes, and the Hall element sends out a rotation signal of the handle to drive the vehicle, and the inner lining of the handle turns outward At the same time, the brake shaft also rotates outward; the brake shaft rotates the brake line, thereby braking the vehicle; the handlebar integrates acceleration and braking functions at the same time, reducing the time for electric vehicle acceleration and braking state switching, and can be directly transplanted to existing electric vehicles.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的一种结构示意图; Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;

图2是本发明的一种爆炸结构示意图; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the present invention;

图3是转把座的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the handlebar seat.

1、内衬,2、转把座,3、刹车轴,4、回位弹簧,5、轴承;6、刹车线,7、锌头;11、凸块;12、磁钢片;13、第二定位孔,21、霍尔元件,22、限位块,31、转动块,32、第一定位孔,33、刹车卡槽,34、刹车线槽。 1. Lining, 2. Grip seat, 3. Brake shaft, 4. Return spring, 5. Bearing; 6. Brake wire, 7. Zinc head; 11. Protrusion; 12. Magnetic steel sheet; 13. No. Two positioning holes, 21, Hall element, 22, limit block, 31, rotating block, 32, first positioning hole, 33, brake draw-in groove, 34, brake line groove.

具体实施方式 detailed description

下面结合具体实施例,并结合附图,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明: Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present invention is further described:

实施例:可双向旋转电动车转把(见附图1、2、3),包括转把座2和内衬1,所述的内衬1与转把座2之间设有刹车轴3,所述的刹车轴3与内衬1和转把座2均贴合,所述的刹车轴3上设有转动块31,所述的转动块31与刹车轴3固定连接,所述的内衬1上设有与转动块31相对应的凸块11,所述的凸块11与内衬1固定连接,所述的刹车轴3左端上设有刹车卡槽33,所述的刹车轴3上刹车卡槽端设有与刹车卡槽33相对应的刹车线槽34,刹车线6通过锌头7卡在刹车轴上的刹车卡槽33内,所述的凸块11上设有磁钢片12,所述的磁钢片12与凸块11固定连接,所述的转把座2上设有与磁钢片12相对应的霍尔元件21,所述的霍尔元件21与转把座2固定连接,所述的转把座2上设有限位块22,所述的限位块22与转把座2固定连接,所述的内衬1的直径大于刹车轴3的直径,所述的转动块31与内衬1之间设有回位弹簧4,所述的回位弹簧4与转动块31和内衬1均固定连接,所述的转动块31上设有第一定位孔32,所述的内衬1上设有第二定位孔13,所述的回位弹簧4两端分别设置在第一定位孔32和第二定位孔13内,所述的刹车轴3外部套设有轴承5,所述的轴承5外圈与内衬1固定连接,所述的转动块31和凸块11均为扇形,所述的的扇形的角度为30度~60度。 Embodiment: Bidirectionally rotatable electric vehicle handlebars (see attached drawings 1, 2, 3), including handlebar base 2 and inner lining 1, brake shaft 3 is arranged between inner lining 1 and handlebar holder 2, The brake shaft 3 is bonded to the inner liner 1 and the handle base 2, the brake shaft 3 is provided with a rotating block 31, and the rotating block 31 is fixedly connected to the brake shaft 3, and the inner liner 1 is provided with a bump 11 corresponding to the rotating block 31, the bump 11 is fixedly connected with the lining 1, the left end of the brake shaft 3 is provided with a brake card groove 33, and the brake shaft 3 The end of the brake card slot is provided with a brake line slot 34 corresponding to the brake card slot 33, the brake line 6 is stuck in the brake card slot 33 on the brake shaft through the zinc head 7, and the above-mentioned bump 11 is provided with a magnetic steel sheet 12. The magnetic steel sheet 12 is fixedly connected with the bump 11, and the handle base 2 is provided with a Hall element 21 corresponding to the magnetic steel sheet 12, and the Hall element 21 is connected to the handle base 2 is fixedly connected, the said handle base 2 is provided with a limit block 22, the said limit block 22 is fixedly connected with the handle base 2, the diameter of the inner liner 1 is larger than the diameter of the brake shaft 3, the said A return spring 4 is provided between the rotating block 31 and the lining 1, and the returning spring 4 is fixedly connected with the rotating block 31 and the inner lining 1, and the first positioning hole 32 is provided on the rotating block 31. , the inner liner 1 is provided with a second positioning hole 13, the two ends of the return spring 4 are respectively arranged in the first positioning hole 32 and the second positioning hole 13, and the brake shaft 3 is sleeved on the outside There is a bearing 5, the outer ring of the bearing 5 is fixedly connected with the inner liner 1, the rotating block 31 and the bump 11 are fan-shaped, and the angle of the fan-shape is 30-60 degrees.

使用时,将本发明安装电动车上,内衬正转时,通过内衬与转把座的相互作用来驱动电动车,内衬反转时,内衬上的凸块带动刹车轴上的转动块,从而通过刹车轴来驱动刹车,这样转把同时集成加速和刹车功能,降低电动车加速和刹车状态切换的时间,可以直接移植至现有电动车上,刹车轴上的刹车卡槽用于卡柱刹车线端部的锌头,刹车线槽用于刹车线的安装和定位,防止刹车线在刹车过程中的磨损,内衬的直径大于刹车轴的直径,这样就可以减小驾驶者刹车时转动手柄所需要的的扭矩,在驱动车辆或者刹车时,回位弹簧起到复位作用,轴承可以减小摩擦,减少驾驶者驱动车辆时的作用力,本发明的转动块和凸块的扇形角度均为45度,这样可以在保证转动块与凸块正常的工作的情况下,同时保证了转动块与凸块的强度。 When in use, the present invention is installed on an electric vehicle, and when the inner lining rotates forward, the electric vehicle is driven through the interaction between the inner lining and the handlebar seat, and when the inner lining is reversed, the protrusion on the inner lining drives the rotation on the brake shaft block, so that the brake is driven through the brake shaft, so that the handlebar integrates the acceleration and braking functions at the same time, reducing the time for the electric vehicle to accelerate and brake state switching, and can be directly transplanted to the existing electric vehicle. The brake card slot on the brake shaft is used for The zinc head at the end of the brake line of the card column and the brake line groove are used for the installation and positioning of the brake line to prevent the wear of the brake line during the braking process. When driving the vehicle or braking, the return spring plays a reset role, and the bearing can reduce friction and reduce the driver's force when driving the vehicle. The sector of the rotating block and the bump of the present invention The angles are all 45 degrees, so that the strength of the rotating block and the protruding block can be guaranteed while ensuring the normal operation of the rotating block and the protruding block.

上述具体实施方式用来解释说明本发明,而不是对本发明进行限制,在本发明的精神和权利要求的保护范围内,对本发明做出的任何修改和改变,都落入本发明的保护范围。 The specific embodiments above are used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, any modification and change made to the present invention will fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. One kind can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, comprise handle seat and liner, it is characterized in that, between described liner and handle seat, be provided with brake axle, described brake axle and liner and handle seat are all fitted, and described brake axle is provided with moving block, and described moving block is fixedly connected with brake axle, in described, be lining with and be provided with the projection corresponding with moving block, described projection is fixedly connected with liner.
  2. 2. according to claim 1 can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, described brake axle wherein one end is provided with brake draw-in groove.
  3. 3. according to claim 2 can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, the draw-in groove end that brakes on described brake axle is provided with the brake wire casing corresponding with the draw-in groove that brakes.
  4. 4. according to claim 1 can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, described projection is provided with magnetic links, and described magnetic links is fixedly connected with projection, described handle seat is provided with the Hall element corresponding with magnetic links, and described Hall element is fixedly connected with handle seat.
  5. 5. according to claim 4 can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, described handle seat is provided with limited block, described limited block is fixedly connected with handle seat.
  6. According to claim 1-5 wherein described in any one can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described liner is greater than the diameter of brake axle.
  7. According to claim 1-5 wherein described in any one can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, between described moving block and liner, be provided with return spring, described return spring one end is fixedly connected with moving block, and the described return spring other end is fixedly connected with liner.
  8. 8. according to claim 7 can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, described moving block is provided with the first locating hole, is lining with in described and is provided with the second locating hole, and described return spring two ends are separately positioned in the first locating hole and the second locating hole.
  9. According to claim 1-5 wherein described in any one can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, described brake axle outer cover is provided with bearing, described bearing outer ring is fixedly connected with liner.
  10. According to claim 1-5 wherein described in any one can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle, it is characterized in that, described moving block and projection are fan-shaped, described fan-shaped angle is 30 degree ~ 60 degree.
CN201410077901.0A 2014-03-05 2014-03-05 Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle Expired - Fee Related CN103818503B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410077901.0A CN103818503B (en) 2014-03-05 2014-03-05 Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410077901.0A CN103818503B (en) 2014-03-05 2014-03-05 Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103818503A CN103818503A (en) 2014-05-28
CN103818503B true CN103818503B (en) 2016-05-18

Family

ID=50753867

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201410077901.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103818503B (en) 2014-03-05 2014-03-05 Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103818503B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104401442A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-03-11 河海大学 Rotary brake system

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2249718Y (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-03-19 吴震 The integral type speed of a motor vehicle, control of braking handgrip
DE29806919U1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1998-07-02 Tang, Jen-Hui, Long Jing Hsiang, Taichung Braking device operated by turning the handle
US5802927A (en) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-08 Yu; Yung-Jung Rotary driving mechanism for brake device
CN2324055Y (en) * 1998-04-21 1999-06-16 陈首卯 Rotary brake structure for bicycle
DE29907287U1 (en) * 1999-04-24 1999-07-15 Bischoff & Bischoff & Co. Medizin- und Rehabilitationstechnik Vertriebs- GmbH, 76327 Pfinztal Twist grip brake device
CN101898611A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-12-01 何伟斌 Bi-directional rotary handle and vehicle with same
CN202345856U (en) * 2011-11-16 2012-07-25 乔建波 Novel multifunctional speed regulating handle for electric locomotive
CN202508253U (en) * 2012-03-08 2012-10-31 浙江群鹰车业有限公司 Speed regulation steering handlebar of scooter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2249718Y (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-03-19 吴震 The integral type speed of a motor vehicle, control of braking handgrip
US5802927A (en) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-08 Yu; Yung-Jung Rotary driving mechanism for brake device
DE29806919U1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1998-07-02 Tang, Jen-Hui, Long Jing Hsiang, Taichung Braking device operated by turning the handle
CN2324055Y (en) * 1998-04-21 1999-06-16 陈首卯 Rotary brake structure for bicycle
DE29907287U1 (en) * 1999-04-24 1999-07-15 Bischoff & Bischoff & Co. Medizin- und Rehabilitationstechnik Vertriebs- GmbH, 76327 Pfinztal Twist grip brake device
CN101898611A (en) * 2010-04-14 2010-12-01 何伟斌 Bi-directional rotary handle and vehicle with same
CN202345856U (en) * 2011-11-16 2012-07-25 乔建波 Novel multifunctional speed regulating handle for electric locomotive
CN202508253U (en) * 2012-03-08 2012-10-31 浙江群鹰车业有限公司 Speed regulation steering handlebar of scooter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103818503A (en) 2014-05-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2014129003A5 (en)
TWI761580B (en) Electric Brake System
CN106080745B (en) Steering device with automatic and manual switching at any time
US20100243350A1 (en) Motor-driven vehicle
TWI772497B (en) Braking device and electric braking system
CN103818503B (en) Can bidirectional rotation electric vehicle rotary handle
WO2018082144A1 (en) Reverse braking disengagement device for mid-drive motor type electric bicycle
JP2012166748A5 (en)
CN201737114U (en) Bidirectional rotating handle and vehicle employing same
DE602007000282D1 (en) Disc brake with a device for periodically rotating the wheels of a vehicle
CN103600769A (en) Electronic steering system of forklift
US10005502B2 (en) Device and method for exerting a torque on an object
KR101409013B1 (en) Planetary gear type electric brake system
CN101898611A (en) Bi-directional rotary handle and vehicle with same
CN202686336U (en) Automatic parking device for four-wheel electric vehicle
CN202121438U (en) Wheel hub motor
WO2009016674A8 (en) Brake caliper parking device
WO2014067654A3 (en) Disc brake assembly comprising an electric lining-wear adjusting device and method for controlling the electric lining-wear adjusting device
CN204845902U (en) Security car
CN203920716U (en) A kind of electric-controlled type holding brake device and automobile
CN203697855U (en) Double-driving double-braking type hub
CN205099141U (en) One -wayly prevent swift current car overspeed governor with speed monitoring section
CN103770569B (en) Twoly drive Double-brake type flower-drum
CN201415747Y (en) Braking device for bicycle
CN206155175U (en) Accelerator of automobile intelligence is prevented mistake and is stepped on brake equipment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20160518