CN103816979B - Coal depth crushing, classification, discharge refuse integrated apparatus in one - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated device for deep crushing, grading and waste discharge of medium coal, which includes a feeding system, a crushing system, a rising water system and a discharge system; the crushing system includes a crushing machine body, and a spindle rotor is provided inside the crushing machine body. The lower part of the main shaft rotor body is provided with a crushing rod, the inner wall of the crushing machine body is provided with a crushing tooth plate, and the bottom of the crushing machine body is provided with a support plate; the feeding system includes a feeding bucket set on the upper part of the main shaft rotor body, and the feeding bucket is connected to the main shaft rotor body through a feeding pipe. The feed box is connected, and a material distributor is set at the bottom of the feed bucket; the rising water system includes a fluid distributor set above the support plate and a flow stabilizing box welded around the middle and lower part of the outer wall of the crushing machine. The outlet of the flow stabilizing box is connected to the crusher through a branch pipe. The washing water distribution chamber is connected, and the water inlet of the flow stabilizing box is connected with the main water inlet pipe; the discharge system includes an overflow collection tank set outside the upper part of the crushing machine body and a tailings hopper set under the support plate.

Description

An integrated device for deep crushing, grading and gangue discharge of middling coal

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal preparation equipment, in particular, it is a novel integrated medium coal re-selection device with short process flow, high integration, continuous crushing, classification and gangue discharge function.

Background technique

Although my country is rich in coal resources, coking coal resources are relatively scarce, which is a scarce coal type. my country washes more than 200 million tons of main coking coal and fat coal every year, and the medium coal yield is above 30% on average. A large part of coking coal preparation plants wash medium coal with low ash content, and most of them are used as steam coal, resulting in scarce coal. kind of waste. The deep crushing and re-selection technology of coking coal washing medium coal has been proved by practice. The yield of qualified coking clean coal from medium coal dissociation and selection can reach more than 30%, and the total clean coal yield can be increased by 2-6 percentage points, with economic benefits. The social benefits are very significant.

However, it is difficult to select qualified clean coal by direct washing of medium coal. One of the ways to solve this problem is to carry out deep crushing and re-selection of medium coal, which can realize the deep dissociation of coal and gangue, so as to meet the upper limit of the separation particle size of the subsequent liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse coal slime separator . Conventional crushers in my country's coal preparation industry mainly include jaw crushers, hammer crushers, impact crushers, toothed roller crushers and gyratory crushers. Among them, hammer crushers and impact crushers are mostly used for medium coal crushing, because the impact is easy to produce finer particle size, which is helpful for the dissociation of clean coal and gangue. The discharge granularity of the hammer crusher is generally 0-10mm, and the discharge granularity of the coal impact crusher is 0-15mm, which is far from meeting the upper limit of the separation granularity of 2mm for coarse coal slime separation. Open-circuit crushing will lead to a large amount of coarse particle materials in the feed of the subsequent thick coal slime separation equipment (TBS). Since this part of the material exceeds the effective separation particle size upper limit of the coarse coal slime separation equipment, it is often unreasonable. It will be directly discharged from the underflow to the effective separation, resulting in serious underflow coarsening and clean coal loss. According to the practical experience on site, if the input material contains a large amount of high-ash coarse particle materials, it will seriously affect the coarse coal slime separation equipment. The stability of the bed is not conducive to obtaining low-ash clean coal. In severe cases, it will cause the bed to be crushed and affect the normal operation of the separator. In order to avoid the above problems, it is necessary to increase the closed-circuit crushing process of medium coal, and install screening equipment behind the crusher. The advantage of this closed-circuit crushing is that it can ensure that the particle size of the product meets the subsequent separation requirements. The disadvantage is that there are many equipments and the process is complicated. The load of the crusher increases, occupying the site, the space utilization rate is low, the cost of infrastructure and equipment procurement increases, and the power consumption of the whole plant is increased.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies and problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the invention is to provide a short process flow and high integration, which can meet the upper limit requirements of the feed particle size of subsequent sorting equipment after one-time crushing, and can be continuous It is a medium coal crushing and re-election integrated device that performs open-circuit crushing and has the functions of grading and gangue discharge.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An integrated device for deep crushing, grading, and gangue discharge of middling coal, including a feeding system, a crushing system, an ascending water system, and a discharge system; the crushing system includes a crushing machine body, and a main shaft rotor body is arranged in the center of the crushing machine body , the upper end of the main shaft rotor body is connected with the motor, the lower part of the main shaft rotor body is provided with a crushing rod, the inner wall of the crushing machine tool is provided with a crushing tooth plate, and the bottom of the crushing machine body is provided with a support plate; The upper part of the rotor body is equipped with a feeding barrel, which is connected to the feeding box through a feeding pipe, and a material distributor is arranged at the bottom of the feeding barrel; the rising water system includes a fluid distributor and a steady flow box, which are located inside the crusher machine body. A fluid distributor is arranged above the supporting plate, and a washing water distribution chamber is formed between the fluid distributor and the supporting plate. The steady flow box is an annular water pipe, which is welded around the middle and lower part of the outer wall of the crushing machine tool. The outlet of the steady flow box passes through the branch pipe and the washing water The distribution chamber is connected, and the water inlet of the steady flow box is connected with the main water inlet pipe; the discharge system includes an overflow collection tank and a tailings bucket, and an overflow collection tank is set outside the upper part of the crusher machine body, and a tailings bucket is set under the support plate , A tailings discharge pipe is set in the center of the fluid distributor, the tailings discharge pipe passes through the support plate and is connected to the tailings hopper, and the tailings hopper, the support plate and the bottom of the crusher body are connected as a whole by welding.

In the present invention, preferably, the integrated device further includes a PID control system, the PID control system includes a pressure sensor and an automatic control valve, a pressure sensor is set inside the crusher body, and an automatic control valve is set at the bottom of the tailings hopper , the pressure sensor is connected with the automatic control valve through the PID controller.

In the present invention, preferably, the crushing rods are divided into several groups along the vertical direction, the number and diameter of each group of crushing rods gradually increase from top to bottom, and the distance between two adjacent groups of crushing rods gradually increases from top to bottom. decrease.

In the present invention, preferably, a manual regulating valve is provided on the main water inlet pipe.

Beneficial effects: (1) The present invention integrates the existing liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse coal slime sorting equipment with the coal breaker, and combines the liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse coal slime sorter and the coal breaker. The advantages of the equipment, under the premise of meeting the product particle size requirements, it can continuously perform open-circuit crushing, and has the functions of grading and gangue discharge, which shortens the coal preparation process;

(2) The present invention has a high degree of integration, saves plant space, improves crushing efficiency, and reduces construction investment and operating costs of coal preparation plants;

(3) The present invention integrates the fine crushing function of the coal breaker and the classification and separation functions of the traditional liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse coal slime separator, and can control the particle size of the overflow product below 1mm, which is the follow-up separation equipment While providing qualified feeding particle size, the sorting function of the liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse slime separator is also used to pre-discharge the crushed products, so that the high-ash gangue can be discharged directly from the underflow without passing through the sorting equipment. The processing capacity of the sorting equipment is improved, and the processing difficulty of the slime water system of the coal preparation plant is also reduced to a certain extent;

(4) The PID control system in the present invention can realize the basic uniformity and stability of the bed density, ensure higher classification accuracy, and realize automatic operation, reducing the influence of human factors and feeding fluctuations on the classification effect;

(5) The present invention is not only suitable for deep crushing, grading, and gangue removal of medium coal, but also for crushing limestone, clinker, and other medium-hard ores in building materials, mining, metallurgy, and chemical industries.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Figure 3 The connection structure diagram between the tailings hopper and the bottom of the crusher machine body

In the figure: 1-feeding box, 2-overflow collection tank, 3-feeding barrel, 4-material distributor, 5-manual regulating valve, 6-main water inlet pipe, 7-fluid distributor, 8-tailings Bucket, 9-main shaft rotor body, 10-motor, 11-breaking rod, 12-crushing machine body, 13-pressure sensor, 14-stabilizing flow box, 15-breaking tooth plate, 16-PID controller, 17-supporting plate , 18-automatic control valve, 19-branch.

detailed description:

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The medium coal deep crushing, grading and gangue discharge integrated device of the present invention integrates the existing liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse coal slime separation equipment and coal breaker into a new type of crushing, grading and gangue discharge Functional all-in-one device. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the device includes a feeding system, a crushing system, an ascending water system and a discharge system.

The crushing system adopts a vertical shaft rod type rotary body crushing structure, which includes a crushing machine body 12. A main shaft rotor body 9 is arranged in the center of the crushing machine body 12. The upper end of the main shaft rotor body 9 is connected to the motor 10, and the lower part of the main shaft rotor body 9 is provided with a crushing rod. 11. A crushing tooth plate 15 is set on the inner wall of the crushing machine body 12, and a support plate 17 is set at the bottom of the crushing machine body 12. The crushing rods 11 are divided into several groups along the vertical direction, the number and diameter of each group of crushing rods gradually increase from top to bottom, and the distance between two adjacent groups of crushing rods gradually decreases from top to bottom. When crushing the material, the upper crushing rod 11 crushes the coarse particle material, and the lower crushing rod 11 crushes the fine particle material, which realizes the step-by-step crushing of the material, thereby improving the service life of the crushing rod 11 . The crushing tooth plate 15 can not only improve the wear resistance of the inner wall of the crushing machine body 12, but also increase the crushing path of the material, and aggravate the fine crushing of the material by increasing the friction with the material. In addition to the vertical shaft rod type rotor crushing structure adopted in this implementation, the crushing system can also adopt a vertical shaft hammer type crushing structure.

The feeding system includes a feeding box 1 and a feeding barrel 3. The feeding barrel 3 is arranged on the upper part of the main shaft rotor body 9, the upper end of the feeding barrel 3 is closed, and an opening is arranged on the side of the feeding barrel 3 along the tangential direction of the barrel body. Connect the lower end of a feeding pipe with a 120° elbow to the opening, and the upper end of the feeding pipe to the feeding box 1. In order to facilitate disassembly, flanges are used between the feeding barrel 3, the feeding box 1 and the feeding pipe connect. A material distributor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding barrel 3, and the material distributor 4 is an inverted conical plate. The rising water system includes a fluid distributor 7 and a steady flow box 14. The fluid distributor 7 is arranged above the support plate 17 inside the crusher machine body 12. The fluid distributor 7 is a conical sieve plate. The fluid distributor 7 and the support plate 17 A washing water distribution chamber is formed between them, and the steady flow box 14 is an annular water pipe, which is welded around the middle and lower part of the outer wall of the crushing machine body 12. The water outlet of the steady flow box 14 is connected with the washing water distribution chamber through a branch pipe 19, and the water inlet of the steady flow box 14 It is connected with the main water inlet pipe 6, and the manual regulating valve 5 is arranged on the main water inlet pipe 6, and the change of the flow rate is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the manual regulating valve 5. The discharge system includes an overflow collection tank 2 and a tailings bucket 8. The overflow collection tank 2 is set outside the upper part of the crushing machine body 12, the tailings bucket 8 is set under the support plate 17, and the tailings row is set in the center of the fluid distributor 7. The material pipe and the tailings discharge pipe are connected to the tailings bucket 8 through the support plate 17, and the tailings bucket 8, the support plate 17 and the bottom of the crushing machine body 12 are connected as a whole by welding.

In order to control the discharge speed of the underflow of the crushing machine body 12 and maintain the stability of the bed density, the integrated device also includes a PID (proportional-integral-differential) control system. The PID control system includes a pressure sensor 13 and an automatic control valve 18. A pressure sensor 13 is installed in the middle and lower part of the crushing machine body 12 , and an automatic control valve 18 is installed at the bottom of the tailings hopper 8 . The pressure sensor 13 is connected to the automatic control valve 18 through a PID controller 16 . The output signal of the pressure sensor 13 is 4-20mA, and the size of its output value is related to the density of the fluidized bed layer in the crushing machine body 12, and the signal is transmitted to the PID controller 16, and the PID controller 16 compares the signal with the density The signal values corresponding to the set values are compared to control the switch and opening of the automatic control valve 18 , and the automatic control valve feeds back the valve opening signal to the PID controller 16 .

The working process of the present invention: the material enters the feeding barrel 3 from the feeding box 1 through the feeding pipe along the tangent line, and moves down to the lower part of the feeding barrel 3 by gravity, and the material distributor 4 at the lower part of the feeding barrel will feed the material evenly It is distributed to the surroundings of the feeding barrel and enters the crushing machine body 12. Under the high-speed centrifugal force exerted by the main shaft and rotor body 9, the crushing rods 11 collide with and crush the materials distributed around at a high speed, and at the same time, the materials collide with the crusher. The crushing tooth plate 15 on the inner wall is crushed by multiple impacts and frictions; the water introduced from the main water inlet pipe 6 enters the crushing machine body 12 through the fluid distributor 7 to form an ascending water flow. The final velocity of the interference settlement is less than the rising water velocity, and the upward movement enters the clean coal overflow tank 2 with the overflow to obtain clean coal. At the same time, the higher density coarse particle material continues to move downward to the fluid distributor 7, and then is discharged through the tailings The pipes are collected into the tailings hopper 8, and finally discharged through the automatic control valve 18. The device of the present invention can realize the deep crushing of medium coal, and the maximum particle size of the overflow can be controlled at 1mm, so that the subsequent liquid-solid fluidized bed coarse coal slime separator can be separated in a narrow particle size range, and the separation accuracy can be improved.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An integrated device for medium coal deep crushing, grading, and gangue discharge, characterized in that it includes a feeding system, a crushing system, an ascending water system, and a discharge system; The crushing system includes a crushing machine body (12), a main shaft rotor body (9) is arranged in the center of the crushing machine body (12), the upper end of the main shaft rotor body (9) is connected with the motor (10), and the lower part of the main shaft rotor body (9) A crushing rod (11) is provided, a crushing tooth plate (15) is provided on the inner wall of the crushing machine body (12), and a support plate (17) is provided at the bottom of the crushing machine body (12); The feeding system includes a feeding box (1) and a feeding barrel (3), and the feeding barrel (3) is arranged on the upper part of the main shaft rotor body (9), and the feeding barrel (3) passes through the feeding pipe and the feeding box (1) are connected, and a material distributor (4) is set at the bottom of the feeding barrel (3); The rising water system includes a fluid distributor (7) and a steady flow box (14). The fluid distributor (7) is arranged above the support plate (17) inside the crusher body (12), and the fluid distributor (7) and A washing water distribution chamber is formed between the support plates (17). The steady flow box (14) is an annular water pipe, which is welded around the middle and lower part of the outer wall of the crushing machine body (12). The water outlet of the steady flow box (14) passes through the branch pipe (19) It is connected with the washing water distribution chamber, and the water inlet of the steady flow box (14) is connected with the main water inlet pipe (6); The discharge system includes an overflow collection tank (2) and a tailings bucket (8), the overflow collection tank (2) is set on the outer side of the upper part of the crusher body (12), and the tailings bucket is set under the support plate (17) (8), a tailings discharge pipe is set in the center of the fluid distributor (7), the tailings discharge pipe passes through the support plate (17) and is connected to the tailings bucket (8), the tailings bucket (8), the support plate ( 17) It is integrated with the bottom of the crusher body (12) by welding. 2. An integrated device for medium coal deep crushing, grading, and gangue discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the integrated device also includes a PID control system, and the PID control system includes a pressure sensor (13) And the automatic control valve (18), the pressure sensor (13) is set inside the crusher body (12), the automatic control valve (18) is set at the bottom of the tailings hopper (8), the pressure sensor (13) communicates with the automatic control valve through the PID controller The control valve (18) is connected. 3. An integrated device for medium coal deep crushing, grading, and gangue discharge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the crushing rod (11) is divided into several groups along the vertical direction, and each group crushes The number and diameter of the rods gradually increase from top to bottom, and the distance between two adjacent groups of broken rods gradually decreases from top to bottom. 4. An integrated device for medium coal deep crushing, grading and gangue discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main water inlet pipe (6) is provided with a manual regulating valve (5).