CN103807592A - Metal hollow ball/polymer composite material integrated component - Google Patents

Abstract

A metal hollow sphere/polymer composite integrated component, which is a composite material in which the inner layer is stacked metal hollow spheres and the voids are filled with polymers, and the outer layer is round, square, tube-shaped, plate-shaped or An integrated component composed of metal hollow components of other shapes, the preparation method is to accumulate metal hollow spheres in a preset metal hollow component, and then inject polymer into the voids of the metal hollow spheres to form a composite material integrated component . The preparation method of the invention is simple, the component is light in weight, and has good impact energy absorption properties. It can be designed into different configurations according to actual needs, and metal hollow spheres and polymers of different materials can also be selected according to needs to obtain composite material components with different mechanical properties. It has broad application prospects in the fields of automobile manufacturing, transportation, industrial and civil construction, etc.

Description

Hollow metal sphere/polymer composite integrated component

technical field

The invention relates to a composite material integrated component and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Ultra-light porous metal materials have been applied in transportation, aerospace, construction and military fields due to their advantages of light weight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, energy absorption and vibration reduction. At present, the most commonly used ultra-light porous metal materials mainly include metal foam materials, honeycomb materials and various lattice sandwich structures. With the development of science and technology, the requirements for materials in engineering are gradually increasing, and some shortcomings of traditional porous metal materials are gradually exposed. For example, metal foam has the disadvantages of uneven pore size and distribution, and the high degree of directionality of honeycomb materials leads to large differences in longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties. Metal hollow sphere porous material is a new type of ultra-light porous metal material developed in recent years. It is a kind of protective material that is good for collision, impact and explosion. It is widely used in automobile manufacturing, aerospace, transportation, industrial and civil construction, etc. The application prospect of the field is very broad.

"Thermal Processing Technology" No. 18, 2012, "Research Progress of Metal Hollow Balls" mentioned that metal hollow balls can be connected by sintering or welding, so that a sintered neck with sufficient strength is formed between the balls. A metal foam block material is thus obtained. The disadvantage of this method is that the process is more complicated, the hollow spheres are randomly arranged, some hollow sphere fragments are contained, and the mechanical properties of the obtained overall material are not ideal.

However, there are few reports on the composite material of metal hollow spheres and epoxy resin or other polymers, and the direct pouring of the composite material and the surface layer material into an integrated component.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a metal hollow sphere/polymer composite integrated component with simple process, low cost, good integrity of the composite material and not easy to collapse, and a preparation method thereof.

The metal hollow sphere/polymer composite material integrated component of the present invention is a composite material in which the inner layer is stacked metal hollow spheres and the voids are filled with polymers, and the outer layer is circular, square, tubular, plate-shaped or other An integral member composed of metal hollow members of the same shape.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned metal hollow sphere/polymer composite integrated component is as follows:

(1) Metal hollow ball pretreatment

Degrease the metal hollow sphere with acid and lye to remove surface dirt and grease, rinse it with clean water, dry it and then use absolute ethanol with 2% volume fraction of silane coupling agent for cleaning treatment, and dry it for later use . The metal hollow ball is made of metal materials such as aluminum, steel, copper, nickel or their alloys, and the diameter of the ball is 1-30 mm.

(2) Design components

According to the actual needs, the shape of the component is designed as a hollow component of a circle, square, tube, plate and other shapes as the surface layer, and the metal hollow balls processed in step (1) are piled up inside the component. The hollow member as the surface layer is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, steel or other metal materials.

(3) Preparation of polymers

Prepare polymer fluids or melts according to the preparation requirements of different types of polymers. The polymer is one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, amino resin, rubber, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and nylon.

(4) Inject polymer curing molding

Inject the prepared polymer fluid or melt into the member of step (2), and after infiltration is stable, solidify at room temperature for 48 hours, or solidify at a temperature of 40°C to 70°C for 2 hours, or cool and solidify with water, that is An integrated component in which the core material and the surface layer are bonded together is prepared.

Metal hollow spheres are stacked in the preset hollow components, and then polymer is injected into the metal hollow sphere stack, and the metal hollow spheres are connected to each other through the polymer, and are also connected to the surface material. After curing, the metal hollow spheres are prepared. Ball/polymer composite integral member, there is no clear boundary between the core material and the surface layer.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the operability is strong.

2. Metal hollow balls can be stacked according to functional requirements. In the same stacking mode, they can also be stacked into various shapes according to actual needs. The core material can be well bonded with the surface layer to form an integrated component, reducing the need for core material and surface layer. Layer bonding process, while avoiding the problem of cracking and detachment due to low strength between the core material and the surface layer.

3. The composite material has good integrity, is not easy to collapse, the weight of the component is light, the mechanical properties of the material are better and more stable, and the impact energy absorption characteristics are good. It has broad application prospects in the fields of automobile manufacturing, transportation, industrial and civil construction, etc.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an integral member of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Clean the aluminum hollow ball with an outer diameter of 1mm and a wall thickness of 0.08mm with a low-concentration HCl acid solution, then in a low-concentration NaoH alkali solution, and then rinse it with clean water. After drying, use 2% volume fraction of silane The anhydrous ethanol solution of the coupling agent was cleaned and dried for later use.

Stack the above-mentioned processed metal hollow spheres in an aluminum square tube with a wall thickness of 0.3mm and a size of 1000×50×50mm, close one end of the square tube with an aluminum plate of the same specification as the square tube, and erect the square tube. The unsealed end serves as the injection port for polyurethane.

Mix the white material polyether triol N303 and the black material toluene diisocyanate PM200 in a ratio of 1:1 by volume, then prepare polyurethane fluid, slowly inject it into the above-mentioned square tube so that the polyurethane fully penetrates into the gap between the metal hollow balls, and pour After it is full, seal the injection port with an aluminum plate of the same specification, and place it at 40°C for 2 hours to cure to obtain an aluminum hollow sphere/polyurethane composite integrated square tube member. As shown in Figure 1, the inner layer of the prepared integrated square tube member is aluminum hollow ball 1 and polyurethane 2, and the outer layer is aluminum square tube 3.

Example 2

Clean the aluminum-magnesium alloy hollow ball with an outer diameter of 5mm and a wall thickness of 0.12mm with a low-concentration HCl acid solution, then in a low-concentration NaoH lye, and then rinse it with clean water. After drying, add 2% volume Fractional silane coupling agent in anhydrous ethanol solution for cleaning and drying for later use.

The metal hollow spheres treated above are stacked in a component cavity of 1000×1000×60mm made of an aluminum plate with a wall thickness of 0.3mm, and then the top plate is also installed, and a resin pouring port is reserved.

Heat epoxy resin E-44 and polyamide active curing agent (650#) in a water bath at 80°C until clear and free of bubbles, mix epoxy resin and curing agent at a volume ratio of 1:1, add volume The plasticizer dibutyl phthalate with a fraction of 5% is stirred rapidly and evenly prepared into an epoxy resin fluid. Slowly inject the fluid into the gap of the above-mentioned components through the sprue, so that the epoxy resin fluid can fully penetrate into all the gaps between the metal hollow balls, until it is full, then close the sprue with an aluminum plate of the same specification, and then solidify at room temperature After 48 hours, an aluminum-magnesium alloy hollow sphere/epoxy resin composite material integrated plate is obtained.

Example 3

Clean the stainless steel hollow ball with an outer diameter of 3mm and a wall thickness of 0.1mm with low-concentration HCl acid solution, then in low-concentration NaoH lye, and then rinse with clean water. After drying, use 2% volume fraction of silane couple The anhydrous ethanol solution of the coupling agent was cleaned and dried for later use.

Stack the above-mentioned processed metal hollow balls in a stainless steel round tube with a wall thickness of 0.2mm and a size of φ20×1000, seal one end of the round tube with a stainless steel plate of the same specification, erect the round tube, and unclosed one end As an injection port for polypropylene.

The polypropylene is extruded with a twin-screw extruder, cooled with water, dried, pelletized with a pelletizer to make a precursor, and then injected into the gap between the metal hollow balls in the above-mentioned round tube with an injection machine, After the injection is completed, the injection port is closed, and after cooling with water, a stainless steel hollow sphere/polypropylene composite integrated circular tube member is obtained.

Example 4

Clean the stainless steel hollow ball with an outer diameter of 3mm and a wall thickness of 0.1mm with low-concentration HCl acid solution, then in low-concentration NaoH lye, and then rinse with clean water. After drying, use 2% volume fraction of silane couple The anhydrous ethanol solution of the coupling agent was cleaned and dried for later use.

Stack the above-mentioned processed metal hollow balls in a stainless steel round tube with a wall thickness of 0.2mm and a size of φ20×1000, seal one end of the round tube with a stainless steel plate of the same specification, erect the round tube, and unclosed one end As an injection port for polyethylene.

Polyethylene is melted and plasticized with a twin-screw machine, and injected into the gap between the metal hollow balls in the above-mentioned circular tube with single-screw extrusion. The temperature in the heating zone of the extruder is controlled at 130-170°C. After the injection is completed, close the The injection port is cooled with water to obtain a stainless steel hollow ball/polyethylene composite integral round pipe member.

Example 5

Clean the aluminum alloy hollow ball with an outer diameter of 20mm and a wall thickness of 0.2mm with a low-concentration HCl acid solution, then in a low-concentration NaoH lye solution, and then rinse it with clean water. After drying, use 2% volume fraction of silane The anhydrous ethanol solution of the coupling agent was cleaned and dried for later use.

The metal hollow spheres treated above are stacked in a component cavity of 2000×2000×100mm made of aluminum plate with a wall thickness of 0.3mm, and then the top plate is installed, and an injection port is reserved.

Cut the refined rubber into strips, feed it into the injection molding machine, and inject the rubber melt into the above-mentioned plate-shaped cavity through the injection molding machine, so that the rubber completely fills the gaps between the hollow balls, close the injection port, and cool and solidify with water That is, an aluminum alloy hollow sphere/rubber composite integrated plate is obtained.

Example 6

Clean the aluminum alloy hollow ball with an outer diameter of 30mm and a wall thickness of 0.2mm with a low-concentration HCl acid solution, then in a low-concentration NaoH alkali solution, and then rinse it with clean water. After drying, use silane with 2% volume fraction The anhydrous ethanol solution of the coupling agent was cleaned and dried for later use.

The metal hollow balls processed above are piled up in the component cavity of 4000×2000×180mm made of aluminum plate with a wall thickness of 0.3mm, and then the top layer plate is installed, and a sprue is reserved.

Mix the white material polyether triol N303 and the black material toluene diisocyanate PM200 in a ratio of 1:1 by volume, and then prepare a polyurethane fluid, slowly inject it into the above-mentioned plate-shaped cavity, so that the polyurethane fully penetrates into the space between the metal hollow spheres. In the gap, after pouring is full, the injection port is closed with an aluminum plate of the same specification, placed at 60°C for 2 hours to cure, and an aluminum alloy hollow sphere/polyurethane composite integrated square plate member is obtained.

Claims (4)

1. A metal hollow sphere/polymer composite material integrated component is characterized in that: it is a composite material that is filled with a polymer in a metal hollow sphere and a space where the inner layer is stacked, and the outer layer is circular, square, An integral component composed of tubular, plate or other shaped metal hollow components. 2. The method for preparing the metal hollow sphere/polymer composite integral member according to claim 1, characterized in that: (1) Degrease the metal hollow sphere with acid and lye to remove the dirt and grease on the surface, rinse it with clean water, dry it, and then use absolute ethanol with 2% volume fraction of silane coupling agent to clean it, and dry it. dry and ready for use; (2) The shape of the component is designed to be circular, square, tubular, plate-shaped and other hollow components as the surface layer according to actual needs, and the metal hollow spheres processed in step (1) are piled up inside the component; (3) Prepare polymer fluids or melts according to the respective preparation requirements of different types of polymers. The polymer is one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, amino resin, rubber, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, nylon; (4) Inject the prepared polymer fluid or melt into the member of step (2). After infiltration and stabilization, solidify at room temperature for 48 hours, or at a temperature of 40°C to 70°C for 2 hours, or water cooling Curing means preparing an integrated component in which the core material and the surface layer are bonded together. 3. The method for preparing a metal hollow sphere/polymer composite integrated component according to claim 2, wherein the hollow metal sphere is made of metals such as aluminum, steel, copper, nickel or their alloys. Made, the diameter of the sphere is 1-30mm. 4. The method for preparing a metal hollow sphere/polymer composite integrated component according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hollow component as a surface layer is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, steel or other metal materials of.

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