CN103797938B - The narrow fertile furrow width kind band plough of a kind of bionical compact - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bionic compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt ditch opener, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. Including fertilizer delivery pipe, seed delivery pipe, seed distribution box, narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wing, wide seed belt shovel wing, excessive shovel wing, sword-type front edge, scattering plate and seed shielding plate, etc. It can be used for no-tillage seeders and wide seed belt seeders, etc., which use rotary tillage, anti-blocking, ditching, etc. Condition. The fertilizer delivery pipe and the seed delivery pipe are welded together through the connecting plate, and the seed delivery pipe is welded together with the seed distribution box. The front lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe is inlaid with a sword-shaped front edge, and a wide seed belt shovel is set on both sides of the distribution box. Wings, fertilizer delivery pipes, fertilizer ditch shovel wings, wide seed belt shovel wings and excessive shovel wings are inlaid with a sword-type front edge, and a scattering plate and a seed shield are set on the bottom surface of the seed distribution box. It realizes accurate sowing of equal depth and separate application of fertilizer, which ensures the quality of sowing and fertilization, and lays the foundation for increasing crop yield.

Description

A Bionic Compact Narrow Fertilizer Ditch Wide Seed Belt Ditch Opener

technical field

The patent of the present invention relates to a bionic compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt ditch opener used in protected cultivation land and wheat wide operation in the Huanghuaihai region, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Conservation tillage has developed rapidly in our country. In conservation tillage technology, no-tillage seeding technology is the key. One of the key links in the promotion and implementation of conservation tillage system is the no-tillage planter with perfect performance and reliable quality. The key to wide-width wheat planting is also the wheat wide-width planter. Compared with ordinary seeders, no-tillage seeders and wide-width wheat seeders have special requirements for ditch openers, which are the soil working parts that form seed beds and affect seeding quality, in addition to better anti-blocking performance. At the same time of sowing, chemical fertilizers are required to be applied, and they must be sown separately, and the spacing should be between 40-60mm. Different from the base fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer is not large, but it should be as accurate as possible The location of the fertilizer is generally 40-60mm below or to the side of the seeds. One of the most widely used types at present is the rotary tillage (actually belt tillage, the same below) plowing seeder, and most of the wide sowing uses rotary tillage with seed belts. Generally, there are two ditch openers, and the fertilization ditch opener in front , the ditch is very deep and wide. Due to the ditching and soil covering effect of the rotary tiller, the fertilizer ditch can basically be buried flat (except when the soil moisture is too wet and the water content is too high). Considering the blockage of the back soil The problem is that the distance between the two is far, but the ordinary seeder directly sows in the plowed or uncultivated land. Because the ditch is deep, if the soil is moist, it is difficult to cover the ditch. Difficult, easy to cause inconsistencies in the guarantee depth; behind the fertilization ditch opener of the belt tillage seeder is the sowing ditch opener, the ditch opener is basically a seed delivery head, without ditching function, and is sown by relying on the ditch opened by the rotary tiller , the rotary tiller itself has the disadvantage that the bottom of the rotary tillage is uneven, and the seeds are sown in a seed belt wider than the operating width of a single rotary tiller, which causes extremely uneven sowing depth and a large gap between depth and depth, which seriously affects the quality of sowing operations , resulting in a large difference in emergence time. According to investigations, the difference in sowing depth is 1-7cm, and some are 10cm. The difference in emergence time is generally 1-5 days. The extreme phenomenon of not being able to produce seedlings has become a bottleneck problem affecting the promotion of these two sowing methods; To cover the seeds, the bottom of the ditch - the seed bed is greatly affected by the shape of the bottom of the ditch opener. In addition, agronomy requires the application of fertilizer at the same time as sowing to avoid fertilizer damage to the seeds. Traditional ditch openers use fertilization ditch openers and sowing ditch The structure of the planter is separated from the ditch, the structure is relatively complex, and the longitudinal size is large, resulting in a very uncompact structure of the planter and poor operability. In addition, the fertilization ditch is relatively large, and the fertilization ditch opened is very wide. The flatness of ditching has a great influence on problems such as uneven distribution of sowing and stubble treatment of previous crops. These problems directly affect the final yield and need to be resolved urgently.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a compact narrow fertile ditch and wide seed belt opener which can overcome the above defects and realize uniform sowing of wheat with wide width and equal depth.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a bionic compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt ditch opener, including fertilizer delivery pipe, seed delivery pipe, seed distribution box, narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wings, wide seed belt Shovel wing, excessive shovel wing, sword-type front edge, diffuser plate and seed shield, etc. Its characteristics are: it can be used for no-tillage seeders and wide seed belt seeders and other operations such as rotary tillage, anti-blocking, ditching, etc., and it can also be used for ordinary no-tillage seeders to break stubble directly on cultivated land or uncultivated land The situation of ditching operation; the fertilizer delivery pipe and the seed delivery pipe are welded into one body through the connecting plate, and the seed delivery pipe is welded into a whole with the seed distribution box. Separate to both sides and break stubble, cut off straw and weeds, etc., avoid entanglement and blockage of the opener, and reduce forward resistance. The lower and upper parts of the fertilizer delivery pipe and the sword-shaped front edge are welded with fertilizer ditch shovels Wing and wide seed belt shovel wing, open narrow fertilizer ditch and wide seed belt, there is a large gap between the top and bottom of the fertilizer ditch shovel wing and wide seed belt shovel wing, the purpose is to make part of the soil after the narrow fertilizer ditch is opened in time The fertilizer ditch is buried, so that the wide seed band that the wide seed band shovel wing leaves behind is comparatively smooth. Wide seed belt shovel wings are set on both sides of the seed distribution box to level the seed bed. The front of the fertilizer delivery pipe, fertilizer ditch shovel wings, wide seed belt shovel wings and excessive shovel wings are inlaid with sword-style front edges to form a sword. The shape of the fish head can reduce the forward resistance. The bottom surface of the seed distribution box is a seed distribution plate, and a scattering plate and a seed blocking plate are arranged on the seed distribution plate. When working, first open a narrow fat ditch with the sword-shaped front edge, excessive shovel wings, and fat ditch shovel wings at the front of the opener, and then combine with the bionic swordfish head shape formed by the wide-band shovel wings and excessive shovel wings. The seed bed preparation device with a sharp front and a wide rear, a narrow top and a wide bottom, can level the seed bed to form a wide U-shaped ditch cross-section plane. The uneven bottom of the ditch opened by the rotary tiller is leveled; at the same time, the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer discharger falls into the opened fertilizer ditch through the fertilizer delivery pipe, and is placed between the shovel wings of the upper and lower fertilizer ditch and the shovel wings of the wide seed belt. The falling soil covers the gaps left; at the same time, the seeds discharged from the seed meter are transported to the seed delivery pipe through the seed delivery pipe, and fall to the scattering plate of the seed distribution plate on the bottom of the seed distribution box. The purpose is to prevent the seeds from falling into the deep fertilizer ditch, and after repeated ejection, they will fall to the flat area prepared by the sword-style front edge and the seed bed preparation surface (there is only a small section in the middle without seeds. ) on the seed bed, it realizes the precise sowing of equal depth and separate application of fertilizer, which ensures the quality of sowing and fertilization, and lays the foundation for increasing crop yield.

The effective benefits of the present invention are: the ditch opener is a fertilization and seeding combination type ditch opener with a compact and small structure; The narrow fertilizer ditch not only reduces resistance and is beneficial to soil covering, but also lays the foundation for the preparation of the subsequent seed beds; the sword-shaped front edge designed in the shape of a bionic swordfish and the shovel wings of the opener form a sharp front and a wide rear, The swordfish gill-shaped seed bed preparation device with a narrow top and a wide bottom can directly break stubble for sowing and fertilization on cultivated or uncultivated land, and can also effectively level the bottom of the ditch opened by the rotary tiller, because it is a swordfish head. type, which can reduce the forward resistance and avoid the blockage of straw and soil, especially the sword-shaped blade at the front end, which can cut weeds and straw, etc., and can prevent winding and blockage; the bottom wing surface of the seed bed preparation device adopts a horizontal Cross section, triangular structure, shovel wing surface is a specially designed curved surface, which is smoothly generated by a family of second-order curves specially studied by experiments along the curved line, reducing the shovel wing hanging soil, with the ability to overturn the soil on both sides, and scrape the ditch wall to form a ridge , open a wide U-shaped ditch seed bed with a flat bottom surface, which can ensure that the seeds fall on the seed bed of equal height (there is a seed shield in the seed distribution box to prevent the seeds from falling into the fertilizer ditch); when the rotary tiller is used for supporting operations, Part of the soil thrown up by the rotary tiller before and below the opener has fallen back to the surface. When preparing the seed bed, a part of the loose soil is located below and on both sides of the seed bed surface, so the seeds fall The soil below the place and on both sides of the wide ditch is loose, and the soil on the cover is also loose. This creates a good seedbed for seed germination and root growth. A good seedbed solves the problem of seed germination and root system growth. The problem of growth ensures the consistency of the sowing depth, greatly improving the quality of sowing, and at a reasonable depth below, there are seed fertilizers that provide nutrients for the seeds in time, laying a solid foundation for high crop yields; in addition, the front blade has 1 belt With a sharp blade, it can be used for stubble breaking operations, and it can also break stubbles that are not handled well by the front rotary tiller.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is the front view of the compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt opener;

Fig. 2 is the H-H cross-sectional view of the compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt opener;

Fig. 3 is the I-I cross-sectional view of the compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt ditch opener;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt opener;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the ditch shape after ditching by the compact narrow fertilizer ditch wide seed belt ditch opener;

As shown in the figure: 1. Fertilizer delivery pipe, 2. Seed delivery pipe, 3. Wide seed belt shovel wing, 4. Seed distribution box, 5. Narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wing, 6. Sword-shaped front edge, 7. Excessive Shovel wing, 8. scattering plate, 9. seed shield.

detailed description

The entire opener is laid out around the fertilizer delivery pipe (l), and the seed delivery pipe (2) (welded together through the connecting plate), the seed distribution box (4), the narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wings (5), and the wide seed belt The shovel wing (3) and the excessive shovel wing (7) are welded into one body, the front lower part is inlaid with the sword-style front edge (6), the narrow fat groove shovel wing (5) and the wide belt shovel wing (3) are welded on both sides and excessive shovel wings (7), the seed delivery pipe (2) and the seed distribution box (4) are welded together, and the fertilizer delivery pipe (l) is used as the shovel handle of the opener to connect and support the opener and the frame. The role is to bear the various forces that the opener is subjected to. The bottom of the fertilizer delivery pipe (1) is designed to be a long narrow rectangle to match the narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wings (5), so as to reduce the width of the fertilizer ditch.

The seed delivery tube (2) and the seed distribution box (4) can be arranged at an angle of 5°~85°, that is, the seed distribution box (4) and the ground can be arranged at an angle of 5~65°, so that the seed distribution box (4) can distribute seeds smoothly .

The sword-style front edge (6), inlaid welding to the fertilizer delivery pipe (1), the narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wing (5) and the wide variety belt shovel wing (3) form an organic swordfish head shape, on the one hand, it strengthens the strength , on the other hand, it is easy to replace.

The surface surface of the wide belt shovel wing (3) is composed of " " is represented by a family of second-order curves along a family of ” movement. The bottom surface of the wide seed belt shovel wing (3) is flush with the horizontal plane to ensure the effect of leveling the seed bed.

Inside the seed distribution box (4), the bottom plate is the seed distribution board, and the middle part of the upper surface is designed with a scattering board (8) and a seed blocking board (9) for seed ejection. The function of the scattering board (8) is to eject seeds to both sides. To increase the uniform effect of seed distribution; the effect of the seed retaining plate (9) is to prevent the seeds from falling into the fertilizer ditch, causing excessive changes in the sowing depth.

In the operation of the equipment supported by the rotary tiller, the seed distribution box (4) is not buried in the soil, but rolled onto the soil that has been dug out by the rotary tiller and partially thrown up, and the seed bed is prepared, and the shape of the seed bed is As shown in Figure 4, the seeds are laid according to the agronomic requirements, and then the seeds are covered by the soil that falls later, and the soil surface is scraped flat by the cover device behind, and then the ground surface is compacted by the pressing wheel. Seeds are surrounded by loose soil, creating a loose bed for seed germination and root system, thus improving seeding quality.

When directly breaking stubble and ditching sowing operations on cultivated land or uncultivated land, the lower part of the opener enters the soil, that is, the narrow fertilizer ditch shovel wing (5), the wide seed belt shovel wing (3) and the sword-shaped front edge (6) ) into the soil, and in order to reduce ditching resistance, a part of the soil falls to the seed bed to cover the seeds after passing over the seed distribution box (4).

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. the narrow fertile furrow width kind band plough of bionical compact, comprises fertilizer delivering pipe (l), grain tube (2), the wide kind band shovel wing (3), arranging seed box (4), the narrow fertile ditch shovel wing (5), cutting edge (6) before sword formula, the excessive shovel wing (7), scatter plate (8) and seed retaining plate (9), is characterized in that: for taking rotary tillage form farming and anti-blocking, the no-tillage seeding machine of ditching operation situation or wide kind band sower, fertilizer delivering pipe (l) is integrally welded by connecting plate with grain tube (2), grain tube (2) is integral with arranging seed box (4) seam again, and the front lower end of fertilizer delivering pipe (l) is inlaid with cutting edge (6) before sword formula, fertilizer delivering pipe (l), before sword formula, the epimere of cutting edge (6) and arranging seed box (4) both sides is welded with the wide kind band shovel wing (3), the narrow fertile ditch shovel wing (5) of hypomere welding, wide the kinds band shovel wing (3) and the narrow fertile ditch shovel wing (5) upper and lower between leave space, wide kind band shovels the wing (3) and is arranged in arranging seed box (4) both sides, and before sword formula, cutting edge (6) is embedded in fertilizer delivering pipe (l), the narrow fertile ditch shovel wing (5), wide kind band shovels the wing (3) and excessively shovels before the wing (7), fertilizer delivering pipe (l), the narrow fertile ditch shovel wing (5), the wide kind band shovel wing (3), before the excessive shovel wing (7) and sword formula, cutting edge (6) collectively form bionical swordfish nose shape, and arranging seed box (4) bottom surface is arranging seed board, is provided with scatter plate (8) and seed retaining plate (9) above arranging seed board, during work, first by cutting edge (6) before plough anterior sword formula with excessively shovel the wing (7), narrow fertile ditch shovels the wing (5) and outputs narrow fertile ditch, again by wide plant the band shovel wing (3) and excessively shovel paracone that the wing (7) formed after wide, up-narrow and down-wide kind bed device for reconditioning, bed leveling will be planted, form the plane in the U-shaped ditch cross section of wide cut, fertilizer drops in the narrow fertile ditch outputed through fertilizer delivering pipe (1), shoveled the soil fallen after rise between the space reserved between the wing (5) to cover by the wide narrow fertile ditch of planting the band shovel wing (3) and below of top, be beneficial to the wide wide kind band being with the shovel wing (3) to output of planting below comparatively smooth, guarantee that seed manure strictly gives, seed is transported to grain tube (2) through grain tube road inner, drop on the scatter plate (8) of arranging seed box (4) bottom surface arranging seed board, through scatter plate (8) and the backward distribution of around evenly scattering of seed retaining plate (9), fall on smooth kind bed, in the middle of kind of bed, a section of being positioned at below seed retaining plate (9) does not have seed, the dark Precise sowing such as to achieve.

2. the narrow fertile furrow width kind band plough of a kind of bionical compact as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: fertilizer delivering pipe (1) and grain tube (2) are by together with connecting plate seam, grain tube (2) and arranging seed box (4) configure in 5 ° ~ 85 ° angles, arranging seed box (4) and ground are 5 ~ 65 °, so that arranging seed box (4) fabric smoothly.

3. the narrow fertile furrow width kind band plough of a kind of bionical compact as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: cutting edge (6) before sword formula, soil is separated to both sides, fertilizer delivering pipe (l), the narrow fertile ditch shovel wing (5), wide kinds band shovel the wing (3), excessively shovel the wing (7) and sword formula before cutting edge (6) collectively form bionical swordfish nose shape, reduce advance resistance, cut off weeds and stalk, prevent from being wound around and blocking, wide kinds band shovel the wing (3) surface curve be by with " " be the curve of order 2 race of gang of representative, along gang " " motion generation.