CN103787507B - Multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island - Google Patents
Multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island Download PDFInfo
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- CN103787507B CN103787507B CN201410076651.9A CN201410076651A CN103787507B CN 103787507 B CN103787507 B CN 103787507B CN 201410076651 A CN201410076651 A CN 201410076651A CN 103787507 B CN103787507 B CN 103787507B
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses the making method of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, using method, feature and effect thereof, belongs to the technology that ecotope repairs field, is suitable for promoting in urban water-body field of repairing.The present invention is different from other plane formula ecological floating island, not only be suitable for planting common waterplant, a lot of terrestrial plant can also be planted, considerably increase the floristics can planted on ecological floating island, perfectly purification of water quality, aquaculture, urban afforestation and ecologic effect be united.The present invention is made up of three parts, and various piece is made up of several part again, and part can realize suitability for industrialized production, can assemble, again detachably, processing ease, easy to maintenance.The present invention uses flexibly, according to practical situation, can apply to various water body, expand the use range of ecological floating island.
Description
Technical field
The present invention can be used for the improvement of urban water-body purification of water quality, urban afforestation and environment, specifically belong to a kind of ecotope recovery technique, the main techniques and methods using biology, repairs the ecotope in city, improve urban life environment, promote the sustainable development of the city.
Because people only focus on economic fast development; and ignore the protection of ecotope; nowadays; topsoil, water pollutions, vegetation such as suffer to destroy, wildlife is fewer and feweri at the survival and development of problem serious threat to the mankind, and all developed countries in the world and most developing country are using environment protection with administer as national basic major issue.China is no exception, and China is in the water contamination accident of economic Rapid development stage, particularly recent years, haze event adds the attention of people to environment protection and improvement, though the environmental protection cause starting evening of China, develops also very rapid.
Nowadays city develop rapidly, ecotope is destroyed, many forests and wetland by reinforcing bar mix woods soil replace, many wildlifes lose the home of oneself depending on for existence, and city is also owing to lacking wildlife, lacking green, and scenery is single, has no life.Existing many people also constantly to study in city, how increasing green coverage, how for wildlife provides habitat, allow city turn green, allow wildlife get back to city, for city increases vigor and vitality, as built Forest Park in city, building wetland park etc.But at today that urbanization degree is high, an inch of land is an inch of gold, the restriction that The Surroundings in Cities capacity has been subject to land supply be increased.
Nowadays townie people no longer focus on the abundant of material, but more and more focus on the improvement of living environment, and people more and more yearn for full of green, the life of brightness of flowers and birdsongs.
The improvement of urban water-body is the important ring that urban environment is administered, also be the ring being difficult to administer, the pollution of urban water-body comprises Sewage Pollution, industrial sewage pollutes, the pollution of solid waste rubbish, how better existing many people also in research Treating Municipal Sewage, comprising the administering method of the administering method of physics, chemical administering method and biology, though physics has certain effect with the administering method of chemistry, but cost is high, do not meet the idea of Sustainable development, enjoy people to pay close attention to and what extensively adopt is biological administering method.
Ecological floating island is exactly a kind of ecological reestablishment adopting biological administering method to administer sewage, traditional ecological floating island is exactly that the same facility in a Ge Xiang island built by the material adopting plastic foam, wood, bamboo etc. to have very large buoyancy on the water surface, then establish planting matrix above, configure each kind of plant.It can make full use of urban water-body without when green coverage in land, city, and one can increase city's green areas, and two can purifying city water body, and three can provide habitat for wildlife.
According to us to the various research about ecological floating island patent and technology thereof both at home and abroad, there is much such and such shortcoming in existing ecological floating island, mainly be summarized as three aspects, be on the one hand to make material, material adopts wood, plastic blister wood, bamboo mostly, and these materials are unstable, easily corrode, this just makes the ecological floating island that makes of these materials short for duration of service, and easily causes secondary pollution; Two aspects are production process, mostly make complexity, can not scale operation, and the use range of this just restriction ecological floating island, is confined to park, culture pond, sewage work, these smaller water bodys of waterworks, can not large-scale promotion uses; Three aspects are plant growing, the floristics can planted on ecological floating island is few, the plant being comparatively used for ecological floating island at present has: Canna generalis Bailey, reed, reed, Itanlian rye, barnyard grass, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Herba Eleusines Indicae, cattail, calamus, Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, water float calamus, Alocasia ordora, Herba Eichhorniae, Radix Rumicis, Chinese celery, water spinach, Flos Sesami indici, parasol grass, Medulla Junci, are waterplant entirely.
Such as, publication number is that CN284884Y discloses a kind of ecological floating island, form by four layers, topmost one deck is batten grid layer, and the second layer is foam layer, and third layer is plastic grid coral layer, 4th layer is bamboo cane clathrum, plant growing is in batten lattice coral layer, and this ecological floating island material therefor is perishable, and duration of service is short.Publication number is that CN203200079U discloses a kind of ecological floating island, name is called combined type artificial ecological floating island, a buoyant framework of tool is made by hollow material, framework is fixed a fishing net, under framework, fix artificial aquatic weed, waterplant planted by fishing net, although this ecological floating island makes very simple, but simply make it have significant limitation, the pleuston as Herba Eichhorniae can only be planted.Publication number is that CN103145249A discloses a kind of ecological floating island, name is called the adjustable composite ecological floating island of a kind of built-up type, first four plastics tubings are fixed in river bed, as fixing of rectangle ecological floating island corner, ecological floating island adopts polyethylene or polypropylene pipe to make, in reticulated structure, then such ecological floating island is in layer fixed on fixed leg, what have is fixing dead, what have can be up and down, fixing foundation is that institute's kind of plant is to the requirement of water level, finally place ready-made planting frame within a grid, the inside kind of plant, biologic packing material can also be hung at the bottom of planting frame.What describe in patent is two-layer, and what upper strata was planted is emergent, and what lower floor planted is submerged plant, and lower floor is fixing dead, and upper strata can move up and down, and adopts float to provide extra buoyancy.Though this ecological floating island purposes is many, can only be used for the water body that water is shallow, can not be used for the water body that change of level is larger, in addition, make trouble, complicated operation, can not large-scale promotion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following characteristics: 1, make material and be not easy corrosion, firm and durable, has certain wind and wave resistance performance; 2, assembly and disassembly is simple, and easy to use and flexible, can be used for various water body, not by the impact of the depth of water, adapts to the change of water level; 3, for three-dimensional, can not only waterplant be planted, can also terrestrial plant be planted; 4, urban afforestation, purification of water quality, ecologic effect unification are combined.
The present invention is made up of three parts: stationary installation, planting tray, buoyant device.Stationary installation is made up of spud pile, movable rope and positioning rope, and planting tray comprises water surface planting dish and Water cultivating dish, and buoyant device is made up of buoyant device framework and simple and easy floatoblast.
Planting tray.Planting tray of the present invention comprises three kinds of parts, water surface planting dish, Water cultivating dish, plantation basket and supporting tube, all parts all adopt polyvinyl chloride injection moulding, assemble again during use, bond with plastics glue, this just considerably increases intensity and the corrosion resistance of ecological floating island, adds the working life of ecological floating island.Water surface planting dish hollow, can reduce deadweight, can provide buoyancy again, places 8 plantation baskets in water surface planting dish, and planting aquatic plants in plantation basket, comprises emergent and pleuston.Plantation basket does not connect together with planting tray, but can load onto and take off, this has just deducted difficulty and the trouble of in planting tray, directly planting waterplant, but by land, adopts cultivation technique without soil, with the water of target water body, first by waterplant kind in plantation basket in, cultivation bed on cultivate, after it survives, move in waterborne, plantation basket of ining succession is put in water surface planting dish together again.Waterplant kind, on ecological floating island, often as purifying water, being treated that it grows up withered, being needed to shift out, now only it need be taken off together with planting tray, greatly reduce the difficulty of harvesting, by land plantation basket is taken off, withered plant is dealt carefully with, and plantation basket reclaims, and the coming year is used again.Emergent and part terrestrial plant can be planted in Water cultivating dish, an aperture is arranged at the bottom of Water cultivating dish, for draining, also provide moisture for the root for plant, upper part of Water cultivating dish is larger, several plant can be planted simultaneously, be connected with supporting tube between upper part with water surface planting dish, in supporting tube, load water-absorbing material, for providing moisture for the plant in planting tray, supporting tube, also for supporting planting tray, increases its capacity of anti-storm.
Buoyant device.First make buoyant device framework by PVC, as required, make certain shape, end face PVC is divided into Ge Shan, and each lattice just in time can fix a planting tray, fixes with snap close, can dismantle, that is, a buoyant device can fix multiple planting tray.Buoyant device framework is divided into much airtight segment, and one section is destroyed water inlet, is unlikely to make whole buoyant device loss of function.According to the three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa gross weight of measuring and calculating, calculate required buoyancy, the present invention adopts simple and easy floatoblast to provide buoyancy, according to practical situation, simple and easy floatoblast is fixed in four sides of octahedra framework, fix with nylon cable tie, can dismantle, the buoyancy of simple and easy floatoblast can regulate at any time according to the change of load-carrying.Simple and easy floatoblast is the semi-cylindrical net first doing open at one end one hole, claim simple and easy floatoblast basket, material adopts corrosion-resistant, to have intensity PVC, same employing Shooting Technique, in net, fill out discarded mineral water bottle, bottle will seal, and also can load some other the airtight object of hollow, this floatoblast is not easy to be destroyed, and a mineral water bottle is punctured to be unlikely to make floatoblast loss of function into water.
Stationary installation.Spud pile is stainless steel tube or concrete stake, and one group has four, firmly stands on riverbed, forms a rectangle, and the height of spud pile is the height of flood stage.Spud pile is divided into two rows, and two spud pile positioning ropes in a row connect, and positioning rope is nylon rope that is corrosion-resistant, that be not easy stretching, extension, and two rows are parallel to each other.The effect of positioning rope is the position limiting multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island in the horizontal direction, makes it have certain ordering, goes against the stream, affect view.Under positioning rope is positioned at ordinary water level, in order to avoid affect landscape effect, wherein one end of positioning rope and the junction of spud pile adopt adjustable fixed pulley, maintain easily management.Movable rope is also nylon rope, and for connecting buoyant device and positioning rope, movable rope can ensure that multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island has certain scope of activity in vertical direction, and the change with water level fluctuates, automatic controlled height.A multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island adopts four movable ropes to fix, and two, top movable rope is fixed on a positioning rope, and following two are fixed on another root positioning rope, two positioning ropes can fix several buoyant device.This stationary installation one can not by the impact of the depth of water, as built ecological floating island on comparatively deep water body, spud pile can be beaten at the shallow place of bank water; The continuous change of two energy adjusted stream lake levels, and there is certain capacity of anti-storm.
Plants configuration.The present invention has two planting trays, one dried up near, one dried up far away, which provides two kinds of growing environments, not only current on ecological floating island plantable waterplant can configure on the invention, but also add a lot of terrestrial plant, such as greengrocery, corn, Chinese rose, tree peony, jasmine, matrimony vine, rose, Flos Inulae, tulbaghia violacea, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf class and dwarf lilyturf class, facet syndrom, tawny daylily, sweet potato, climing Changchun etc., considerably increase can on ecological floating island the kind of planting plants.Water surface planting dish kind waterplant, adopt soilless culture, major function is water purification, the perennial terrestrial plant of essential species in Water cultivating dish, and the terrestrial plant that head be selected smaller is planted, and major function is greening, makes scape, provides habitat for wildlife.
Fig. 1 is planting tray of the present invention and buoyant device two portions
Fig. 2 is planting tray of the present invention
Fig. 3 is Water cultivating dish of the present invention
Fig. 4 is water surface planting dish of the present invention
Fig. 5 is supporting tube of the present invention
Fig. 6 is plantation basket of the present invention
Fig. 7 is snap close of the present invention
Fig. 8 is buoyant device of the present invention
Fig. 9 is buoyant device framework of the present invention
Figure 10 is simple and easy floatoblast of the present invention
Figure 11 is simple and easy floatoblast basket of the present invention
Figure 12 is the airtight object model of hollow that the present invention uses
Figure 13 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the present invention
1---riverbank 2---spud pile 3---positioning rope 4---movable rope
Figure 14 is the left view of the embodiment of the present invention
5---flood stage 6---ordinary water level 7---draughty water level 8---anti-tampering distance 9---movable rope length
Figure 15 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Adopt Shooting Technique, with PVC according to certain size, injection moulding Water cultivating dish as shown in Figure 3 respectively, water surface planting dish as shown in Figure 4, water surface planting dish hollow, the plantation basket shown in Fig. 6; With rubber injection mold snap close as shown in Figure 7, snap close has certain toughness, energy Reusability; The pvc pipe of certain specification is cut into required length, as shown in Figure 5, makes supporting tube, in supporting tube, load water-absorbing sponge; By Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish, snap close by assembling as shown in Figure 2, joint PVC glue is bonding, and Plant basket can be movable, can install on water surface planting basket, removable again.
The PVC of certain specification is cut into certain length segment, one end seal strip of each section is closed, and adopt right-angle tee, right angle four-way according to assembling as shown in Figure 9, junction adopts PVC glue, form a buoyant device framework, in have a lot of sealed cabin.Buoyant device framework is divided into two-layer up and down, and planting tray is fixed on upper strata, and bionic plant can hang in lower floor, to increase the water purification ability on chinampa, also framework fishing net can be fenced up, inside breed fish, support shrimp, crab farming etc., increase some economic benefits.With rubber injection mold one-tenth simple and easy floatoblast basket as shown in figure 11, simple and easy floatoblast basket has certain elasticity, an aperture is left in one end, be used for putting to the inside Coke bottle, as shown in figure 12, body and bottle cap connecting place adopt plastics glue permanent seal to get up to the model of Coke bottle, the Coke bottle of good seal is put in simple and easy floatoblast basket, also can put other hollow closed units, after piling, aperture nylon rope be stitched, with the simple and easy floatoblast formed as shown in Figure 10.Simple and easy floatoblast nylon cable tie is tied up the surrounding at buoyant device, the number of installing simple and easy floatoblast can be decided according to actual required buoyancy, as shown in Figure 8, just make a buoyant device, in order to purify water, below buoyant device, biologic packing material can also be hung.
Planting tray is arranged on buoyant device, planting tray has snap close, directly snap close is sticked on buoyant device framework, with nylon cable tie through an aperture on snap close, be fixed up, as shown in Figure 1.
Planting matrix is loaded on the water in planting tray, plant in kind, the terrestrial plant that general kind of head is little, the plantation basket of waterplant there is is to put in water surface planting dish kind again, waterplant adopts soilless culture, cultivated in culture bed by land and survived, be finally fixed in ready-made stationary installation by this three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa unit, stationary installation is arranged in target water body.
Stationary installation can be suitable for the water body of the various depth of water, as shown in figure 13, in the place that far water is not shallow from riverbank, lay spud pile, spud pile can be the steel pipe of certain specification, also can be concrete stake, two stakes are laid on riverbank, one side, the other side riverbank is corresponding lays two stakes, and coupled together by relative for both sides, river two stake positioning ropes, two positioning ropes are parallel to each other.One of them of relative spud pile installs adjustable fixed pulley, one of positioning rope is fixed on a spud pile, and other end is fixed on adjustable fixed pulley, for tightening up positioning rope, positioning rope is in underwater as far as possible, reduces as far as possible and expands with heat and contract with cold on its impact.The length of positioning rope and thickness will be determined according to practical situation, the length that the width that distance between upper and lower two positioning ropes equals three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa adds a movable rope adds anti-tampering distance, anti-tampering distance prevents three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa and positioning rope interfere and establishes, and sees Figure 14.The movable rope of fixing use four equal lengths of a multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island unit, one end of movable rope is fixed on positioning rope, on two positioning ropes the movable rope fixed relative up and down, on a positioning rope for fix a multifunctional stereo formula chinampa unit movable rope between distance equal the length of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, two adjacent multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island unit will be set up defences distance of colliding, adjacent multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island unit is prevented to be destroyed because stormy waves is collided, the length of a movable rope calculates like this: set the length of movable rope as x, anti-tampering distance is a, in the middle of 1 year, top water-level differs with lowest water level as h, then
the setting of anti-tampering distance will consider the effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold of movable rope, is substituted into by a and h, namely obtains x, be the length of movable rope.The other end of movable rope is equipped with closeable hook, be hung on the buoyant device framework upper strata pvc pipe of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, the length that on one group of positioning rope, the number of fixable multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island equals a positioning rope divided by the length of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island unit and collision protection distance and, see Figure 13.
Embodiment 1
The three-dimensional ecological floating island unit height overall 60cm that we make, comprises planting tray and buoyant device, total length 223cm, beam overall 107cm, above has 8 planting trays, simple and easy floatoblast 6, as shown in Figure 1.The matrix loaded from top to bottom in water surface planting basket is followed successively by cobble, 5cm grit, 5cm sandy soil, the 15cm fertile soil of 5cm, plant a Chinese rose, upper Lu Sheng herbaceous plant are planted around Chinese rose, plant Chinese celery in water surface planting dish, this to be three-dimensionally biological floating bedly put in the water body that in implants garden, campus, place's water quality is poor.
Claims (11)
1. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, it is characterized in that, by planting tray, buoyant device and stationary installation composition, planting tray comprises Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish, plantation basket, snap close, buoyant device comprises buoyant device framework, simple and easy floatoblast, simple and easy floatoblast comprises again simple and easy floatoblast basket, airtight hollow object, stationary installation comprises spud pile, positioning rope, movable rope, adjustable fixed pulley, hook can be closed, positioning rope is connected between two spud piles that described stationary installation is relative, to limit the level attitude of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, one of them spud pile is equipped with adjustable fixed pulley, one end of positioning rope is connected on adjustable fixed pulley, maintain easily management, connection between multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island and positioning rope adopts movable rope, the length of movable rope is determined according to change of level, ensure that the vertical position of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island can change with change of level, closeable hook is equipped with in one end that movable rope connects multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, hang on the buoyant device framework upper strata pvc pipe of multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, maintain easily management.
2. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Water cultivating dish, water surface planting dish, plantation basket adopt polyvinyl chloride injection molded according to fixed size, described supporting tube, buoyant device framework adopt the pvc pipe of certain specification to make, described snap close, simple and easy floatoblast basket adopt rubber injection molded according to fixed size, described airtight hollow object adopts discarded Plastic Bottle, and each component part all can realize industrialized mass production.
3. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described Water cultivating dish, be made up of two cylinders not of uniform size, large diameter cylinder is above, but its height is less than cylinder below, and inside hollows out, an aperture is had bottom small column, for draining, the bottom of big column keeps to the side and is uniform-distribution with 8 circular holes, for filling supporting tube, the larger terrestrial plant of a root system can be planted in the centre of Water cultivating dish, and the less terrestrial plant of root system can be planted in edge.
4. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described supporting tube is for supporting upper part of water surface planting dish, prevent from being overturned by stormy waves, in addition, fill out water-absorbing material in supporting tube, upwards absorbed water by the water surface, for the terrestrial plant in Water cultivating dish provides moisture.
5. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described water surface planting dish, hollow, can provide buoyancy for multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island, there is a macropore centre, for the upper planting tray that discharges water, there are 8 apertures, for filling supporting tube near the edge of macropore, even 8 larger holes near the edge of water surface planting dish, for filling plantation basket.
6. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the using method of described plantation basket, during first waterplant is on land culture bed, cultivates waterplant with this plantation basket, treat that it survives, placed again and be placed on the multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island of target water body, when it gathers in, only waterplant need be unloaded together with plantation basket, plantation basket recycling.
7. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described snap close is with there being the rubber of certain toughness to make, before have aperture, for wearing nylon cable tie, this snap close of connection of planting tray and buoyant device, facilitates planting tray can disassemble not needing the used time.
8. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described planting tray is assembled by Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish, plantation basket, snap close, with plastics glue permanent connection between Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish.
9. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described buoyant device framework PVC is spliced, different shape can be spliced into according to needs, and according to the sealed cabin principle of ship, be divided into many seal sections, ensure one section damaged after, be unlikely to other also water inlet, make its thorough loss of function.
10. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island according to claim 2, is characterized in that, there is a plane described simple and easy floatoblast basket side, be convenient to tie up on buoyant device framework, have a bottom surface to leave a hole, be used for putting airtight hollow object to the inside, this uses the principle of sealed cabin equally.
11. multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating islands according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described buoyant device framework is divided into two-layer up and down, and upper strata is used for fixing planting tray, bionic aquatic weed can hang in lower floor, strengthen water purification ability, in addition, it can also be fenced up with fishing net, inside breed fish, shrimp, crab, increase economic benefit, the usage quantity of simple and easy floatoblast is determined, the fixing employing nylon cable tie of simple and easy floatoblast and buoyant device framework according to actual required buoyancy size.
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