CN1037791C - 用于聚合材料管子外表面接合的管接头 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
- F16L47/04—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics with a swivel nut or collar engaging the pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L19/00—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on, or into, one of the joint parts
- F16L19/08—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on, or into, one of the joint parts with metal rings which bite into the wall of the pipe
- F16L19/083—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on, or into, one of the joint parts with metal rings which bite into the wall of the pipe the longitudinal cross-section of the ring not being modified during clamping
- F16L19/086—Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on, or into, one of the joint parts with metal rings which bite into the wall of the pipe the longitudinal cross-section of the ring not being modified during clamping with additional sealing means
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Abstract
一种管接头,用于和聚合材料管子的外表面接合,它具有由一压缩套管(24)、一永久贴在其内端的弹性垫环(18)、一卡紧件(25)和一螺母(30)所组成的分总成。当拧紧螺母(30)时,垫环(18)与本体(12)中的一个承座(17)中的靠肩抵住。进一步拧紧螺母(30),便将卡紧件(25)径向压缩,以致其上朝向里面的倒刺凸出部分(26)和管接头装在其上的管子(11)的外表面相接合。管子(11)的末端可以自由穿过卡紧件(25)和套管(24)而插入到本体(12)中的承座(17)中。
Description
本发明涉及一种管接头,适用于和聚合材料管子的外表面相接合,而不必非将一内套管插入管子中不可。
在我们题名为“管子连接件的改进”的澳大利亚专利534452中,描述并用图说明一种管子连接件,其中装有一套管,它具有一尾部,插入管子中,并且还装有一压缩环,其中有细齿,此压缩环系用来将管子的端部压向套管尾部的外表面,这尾部上面最好有细齿。这管子连接件中还装有一弹性材料的密封环,它嵌在套管和连接件本体之间,装配则是靠一套管螺母来完成的,此螺母具有一锥形的内表面,与压缩环与其相补的公锥形外表面接合。套管还具有一对隔开的周边凸缘,其中一个凸缘靠住弹性垫环,另一个凸缘则靠住压缩环的一端,以致这两个环之间的轴向距离,在螺母旋紧时,不会改变。
在上面所提到的说明中所描述的管子连接件在技术上和商业上,已证明是十分成功的。几乎没有听到有出毛病的,在世界上某些地区,按照那个说明所生产的管子连接件,比之与其竞争的管子连接件,销售量要大得多。
按照上述534452号专利生产的管子连接件(以及其他常用的连接件)常遇到的问题,是螺母和压缩环,要在套管尾部插入之前,套在管子的末端上。如果螺母或环因疏忽而没有装上,在一般情况下套管尾部便不能拔出(由于有倒刺细齿的缘故),而必须把管子割去。
因此本发明的主要目的是进行改进,使本体、螺母和卡紧件(压缩环)可以组成一份总成,管子可以穿过它插入,而管子单靠旋紧螺母即可固定,或单靠旋出螺母即可拆下。
此外,需要有一种管子连接件,它不一定要有一尾部,插入管子之中,这样可以避免与在管子中流动的液体发生干扰;并且可以利用某些聚合材料管子的现有可接受的直径精密度标准。例如,一根50mm管子的外径,其变动可能小于0.5mm(0.020”)。这使得管接头只和管子的外表面接合,并依靠管子本身的刚度来防止管子泄漏和轴向位移。
大家知道,现有一些管子连接件,每一种都具有一外圆筒体。这种外圆筒体没有套管螺母,但有一内锥面,它朝要连接的管子方向缩小,这内锥面与一具有锯齿外形的压缩套管一起卡紧管子的外表面,而管子只是被推入连接件本体的末端,并穿过锥形套管,再被拉向外面,使锯齿突出部分牢固地卡住管子的表面,将管子固定。这是一种简单并且便宜的管子连接件,但是有时不易拆开。
有些现用技术的管子连接件,在管子插入连接件之前,有时要将其末端倒角,或在管子末端上涂油,或者两者都要,这就颇不方便。此外,有时需要人工来插入,以在管子和连接件之间形成密封,这会由于直接施加轴向力而引起垫环的变形。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种管接头,它包括一个螺母,这螺母一方面将垫环压向一个表面,起到阻止泄漏的密封作用,另一方面限制卡紧管子的程度在预定的范围之内,这样,提供了一种手段,防止弹性垫环过分变形,并且还控制卡紧件压到管子上的程度。没有这种手段,开口环便有可能损坏。“手指”型开口环在施以过大的力时会损坏,这在此技术领域中是众所周知的。
在采用包含弹性垫环和锯齿外形开口环两者的套管型管子连接件时,可想而知,会遇到另一种困难,那就是,虽然它们是以放松的状态供应的,但用手旋紧时会不经心,从而将弹性垫环压入锥形承座中,而不容易拉出。如果再度松开这种管子连接件,垫环会留在那里;如果用一尖的工具将垫环钩出或者拉出,总是有损坏的危险,引起以后泄漏。本发明还有一个目的,是提供一种手段,靠它在旋出螺母时,弹性垫环即被拉出。
本发明另外还有一个目的,是有一种安排,借此,靠管接头部件的尺寸,可将弹性垫环以及具有内向的倒刺突起的卡紧件的压缩程度置于控制之下,在管接头所用于的管子直径公差范围内有效,从而保证弹性垫环的适当密封作用以及管子的适当卡紧,即使管子的尺寸是在下公差边缘也是如此,而也保证不大可能发生由于套管螺母拧得过紧而引起弹性垫环、管子卡紧件或管子损坏的情况。
有这样的情况,即管子是按不同的标准(澳大利亚、ISO、英国、美国等)生产的,它们的内径差异较小,但外径不一定和按不同标准生产的管子连接件相兼容,本发明又有一个目的,是提供一种管子和连接件之间的转接装置,以减少备件费用,于是,就靠选用不贵的转接装置,一种标准尺寸的连接件便可以用于按不同标准生产、尺寸相近而并不相等的管子。
使用者所熟悉的最新现用技术是瑞士Reich和Lehmann名下的美国4043576号专利,这个专利已转让给George Fischer股份公司。
在其说明书中,指出有一种用于光滑管子的接头,它包括一个本体、一个用螺纹旋在本体上的螺母、一个装在本体内的垫环以及一个承推和锁止结构,它处于外壳和套管螺母之间。本体具有一锥形表面,用来压紧衬垫。当螺母旋到外壳上时,锁止环结构被螺母上的靠肩轴向移动,通过一压紧套管将衬垫压到一个预定的程度,螺母继而将锁止环结构的舌变形,卡紧管子。
本发明中,装有一卡紧件和一压紧套管与永久贴在压紧套管内端的弹性垫环组成的分总成。管子的一端可自由穿过分总成插入管接头本体的一个承座中。当拧紧螺母时,垫环在管接头本体中抵住其承座中的一个靠肩,再进一步拧紧螺母,便径向压缩卡紧件,以使其内向的倒刺突出部分与管接头所装在的管子外表面相接合。在管接头本体中以及靠住从压缩套管外端突出的一个凸缘内、外表的螺母中,还设有一个支撑表面。
在所附图纸中表明了本发明的两个实施例,下文参照这些图纸较详细地说明这两个实施例,图中:
图1是一中央正剖面图,它表明一根管子端头通过一个分总成而插入一个管接头本体的承座中,该分总成包括一螺母、一卡紧件和一套管;
图2是一类似的剖面图,示螺母旋紧到本体上时。这些部件的形状;
图3是和图1类似的局部正剖面图,示当管子末端是一转接插口的一端时,在其插入前的布置,和
图4是和图3类似的剖面图,但示螺母旋紧后的形状。
在图1和2的第一实施例中,用于和聚合材料管子11外表面接合的管接头10包括一本体12,它里面有靠肩13,当管子11如图1所示插入管接头时,管子11的末端抵住这靠肩。本体12具有公螺纹14,在其外端15和靠肩13之间是一,总的来说,是环形的平面16,它构成承座17的支承弹性垫环18的表面,承座17的靠肩13是承座的内端,承座17还具有两个圆筒形(或锥形)的中间壁19和轴向来说外壁20,这两个壁由台阶21分开(一共有3个直径),外壁20的直径超过内壁19的直径。
围绕管子11的是一压缩套管24,它在其内端带有一弹性垫环18,垫环是用熔接、粘接等方法贴在压缩套管24的末端上。另外,弹性垫环18也可以用一机械的舌部和凹槽,或其他方面,与压缩套管24的末端接合或贴上,垫环18的外径比外端壁20的直径小,但比中间壁19的直径大,以使压缩套管可容易地插入本体12中,同时垫环18可以在壁20中自由移动,但需要由压缩套管24轴向移动的压缩而进入壁19中。
和套管24相邻而轴向在其外面,有一卡紧件25,它具有径向朝里、轴向隔开的一些倒刺突出部分26,并具有向外端缩小的锥形表面27。卡紧件25在径向必须能够变形,从而沿圆周可以变形,并且典型地是一开口环。
螺母30具有一尾部31,这尾部有一向外端缩小的内锥形面32,这锥形面的夹角和卡紧件25的锥形表面27的夹角是接近一样的。从尾部31的外端向内有一环形平面肩部33,在拧紧螺母30时,它将靠住压缩套管24的端面34。
套管24外端处凸缘的环形表面35,从表面24轴向朝里隔开一个短的距离。
设管子11如图1和2所示插入管接头的承座17中,最初螺母30在本体口上旋紧,不会使肩部33和套管24的环形表面34抵住。卡紧件25的内端松松地被包在套管24外端的一个凹槽中,而垫环18、套管24和卡紧件25与螺母30一起动移,因为当聚合材料管子11最初插入时,管接头的所有部分围绕管子11都有间隙。但是,在螺母30向里轴向移动一小段距离后,垫环18被台阶21截住,并且在被压缩之前不会越过该台阶。因此螺母的继续移动使套管24和卡紧件25在轴向略微向里移动,而这必须靠内表面32在外锥形表面27上滑动才能相容,这转而使卡紧件25的倒刺突出部分26与管子11的外表面相接合。螺母30的拧紧还使肩部33与压缩套管24的环形表面34紧紧靠住,并使套管24轴向朝里挪动。导致垫环18的压缩,是以进入承座17的内径较小的中间部分19中。承座的尺寸是这样的,即它使垫环18可以起到本体12和管子11之间符合要求的密封作用;而在螺母完全拧紧时,密封作用进一步提高,以致两个表面35和34分别处于与本体12的外端15和靠肩33紧紧靠住的状态,如图2中所示。在这位置,弹性垫环18的进一步压缩,可以产生对极高压力也有效的密封作用。然而,垫环18的转动扭曲实际上是被防止的,卡紧件25的转动扭曲也是如此。由于螺母不能再进一步向里挪动,环18和卡紧件25两者的压缩被控制在管子11直径所支配的范围之内。
如果管子未插入本体12中,而螺母向前拧,管子不可能被向里推入本体中,除非螺母被拧回到其松开状态。
当螺母向回拧时,由于压缩套管24的反锥形表面40和套管螺母30的反锥形表面41的松接合,压缩套管也被向后拉,于是接着压缩套管24和卡紧件25的内端紧紧靠住。由于垫环系贴在套管24的内端,它也被拉出,而不留在承座17的小直径部分中。
在图2中可以看得最清楚,当套管螺母30拧紧在本体12上时,卡紧件25的径向向外突出的凸缘42位于螺母30的肩部43的近旁。如果在管子11上施加一个张力载荷,而本体12是固定的,任何相对的移动,初起会给卡紧件25以更大的径向压缩,便这种移动(如果有的话)将会是很小的,会被凸缘42紧靠肩部43而抵住。
用本发明,如上述澳大利亚534452号专利所说明,本体可以连同一插入件一起使用,并用在一标准的插入连接件。可想而知,这总成出售时部件可以装在其位置上并且拴住,同时保持装在管子11外表面上有一个间隙。
图3和4所示第二实施例说明外径在不同的标准会略有差异的管子11如何可以装在是有本发明特点的管接头或其他连接件中,承座17的最里面部分在图3和4中与图1和2中是一样的,而管子11的有效部分是一转接插口46的延伸部分11a,这延伸部分11a进入承座17中,它的直径是固定的。而具有一系列的转接插口,转接插口则有不同直径的具有倒刺的尾部,每一插口可以插入一些直径不同而相差甚微的管子11的一根管子一端中,而具有压配合。从而不必要制造或贮备许多连接件,以配按不同标准生产的、直径尺寸类似但不完全相等的管子。
Claims (7)
1.一种聚合材料管接头,它包括:
-本体,它具有外螺纹和环形内表面,此表面在本体内形成一个承座,此承座外端的直径大于内端的直径;
-螺母,它在其内端具有内螺纹,与上述本体的外螺纹相啮合,在上述螺母的两端之间具有朝向里面的内支撑面,并在上述支撑面和上述螺母外端之间具有向外缩小的内圆表面;
-可变形的卡紧件,它具有一向外缩小的外表面,与上述向外缩小的螺母内表面相补助卡紧件有一内表面、倒刺从这内表面向里径向伸出;
其特征在于,还包括:
-环形套管,在其外端有一与上述螺母支撑面协同工作的支撑面,还有一弹性衬垫,固定在其内端,并且,
上述承座内端、套管和卡紧件的内径均比上述管接头可与之固接的管子外径略大,从而上述管子的一端可以自由穿过上述卡紧件和套管,插入上述承座的内端,将上述螺母在上述外螺纹上拧紧时,引起上述套管的轴向移动,上述垫环和上述本体的密封接合,以及上述卡紧件的径向朝里变形,以致上述倒刺夹紧上述管子。
2.根据权利要求1的聚合材料管接头,其特征在于,上述螺母在上述内螺纹和支撑面之间具有向外扩张的内表面,上述套管具有向外扩张的外表面,与上述螺母的扩张表面相补,并与其宽松地接合,上述扩张的表面将上述套管和上述螺母保持在一起,成为一个分总成。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2的聚合材料管接头,其特征在于,上述环形套管在其外端具有一径向凸缘,凸缘具有一朝向里面的支撑面和一朝向外面的支撑面,安排成这样,即当拧紧上述螺母时,上述朝向里面的支撑面紧紧靠住上述本体的外端,上述螺母的朝向里面的内支撑面与上述凸缘的朝向外面的支撑面紧紧靠住,从而控制上述弹性垫环的压缩程度。
4.根据权利要求1的聚合材料管接头,其特征在于,上述形成承座的表面包括一在上述承座内端的靠肩,上述环形内承座表面总体是圆筒形的,并包括另一中间环形面,轴向处于承座的内和外表面之间,其直径也在两者之间,并到一总体环形平面为止,上述垫环在上述螺母拧紧时靠住此环形平面而起密封作用。
5.根据权利要求4的聚合材料管接头,其特征在于,上述承座外表面的直径超过上述弹性垫环的外径,而上述中间环形表面的直径小于上述垫环的外径,但它具有足够的尺寸,可让上述密封环从上述承座的外表面作轴向移动,而进入与上述承座的上述环形面接合,起密封作用。
6.根据权利要求1或权利要求2的聚合材料管接头,其特征在于,上述可变形的卡紧件是一开口环,并且上述倒刺的横剖面是锯齿形。
7.根据权利要求1的聚合材料管接头,其特征在于,它还包括一空心的转接插口,该插口具有一有倒刺的空心尾部,可以插入若干直径不同但相差不大的管子中的一根中,具有压配合,接合后可起密封作用,并具有一端,其直径与上述卡紧件相配,而可以作为管子的延伸部分自由穿过上述卡紧件、套管而插入上述承座的内端,在上述螺母拧紧时被夹紧而起密封作用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPM005093 | 1993-07-20 | ||
AUPM0050 | 1993-07-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1113665A CN1113665A (zh) | 1995-12-20 |
CN1037791C true CN1037791C (zh) | 1998-03-18 |
Family
ID=3777076
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94190605A Expired - Fee Related CN1037791C (zh) | 1993-07-20 | 1994-07-20 | 用于聚合材料管子外表面接合的管接头 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5593186A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0680580B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3077817B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1037791C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU668316B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2144979C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69418701T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2133564T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1008348A1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ268859A (zh) |
SA (1) | SA95150556B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1995003508A1 (zh) |
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- 1994-07-20 CA CA002144979A patent/CA2144979C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1994-07-20 NZ NZ268859A patent/NZ268859A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-07-20 ES ES94921542T patent/ES2133564T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0680580A4 (en) | 1996-03-20 |
ES2133564T3 (es) | 1999-09-16 |
EP0680580B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 |
AU7223694A (en) | 1995-02-20 |
WO1995003508A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
EP0680580A1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
JP3077817B2 (ja) | 2000-08-21 |
CN1113665A (zh) | 1995-12-20 |
CA2144979C (en) | 1999-01-12 |
NZ268859A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
US5593186A (en) | 1997-01-14 |
DE69418701D1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
HK1008348A1 (en) | 1999-05-07 |
DE69418701T2 (de) | 1999-09-30 |
CA2144979A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
AU668316B2 (en) | 1996-04-26 |
JPH08501863A (ja) | 1996-02-27 |
SA95150556B1 (ar) | 2006-04-29 |
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