CN103776696B - A kind of geosynthetics cut resistance test method - Google Patents
A kind of geosynthetics cut resistance test method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 silt Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种土工合成材料拉拔剪切试验装置，其特征是该装置包括拉拔步进电机(1)，拉拔量力环(2)，上试样盒(6)，加压框架(9)，下试样盒(13)，下底座(14)，剪切量力环(15)，剪切步进电机(16)，加压杠杆(23)，砝码(25)，拉拔步进电机(1)连接拉拔量力环(2)，下底座(14)上面安装下试样盒(13)，滤纸上面安装下试样(26)，下试样(26)与上试样(12)之间铺设土工合成材料(4)，土工合成材料(4)通过夹具(3)和变形夹具(5)固定，上透水石(11)上面安装顶盖(8)，顶盖(8)安装有上排水孔(7)，上试样盒(6)与下试样盒(13)之间安装有垫块，顶盖(8)与加压轴(10)接触，剪切步进电机(16)通过推动下底座(14)提供剪切力。该设备制造简单，测量精度高，使用方便，可用于土木工程或地质工程中遇到的各种土工合成材料在多孔介质中的抗拉拔与抗剪切强度特性量测。
A geosynthetics pull-shear test device is characterized in that the device includes a pull-out stepper motor (1), a pull-out force ring (2), an upper sample box (6), a pressurized frame (9), Lower sample box (13), lower base (14), shear force ring (15), shear stepping motor (16), pressurizing lever (23), weight (25), drawing stepping motor ( 1) Connect the pulling force ring (2), install the lower sample box (13) on the lower base (14), install the lower sample (26) on the filter paper, and install the lower sample (26) and the upper sample (12). The geosynthetics (4) are laid between them, the geosynthetics (4) are fixed by the fixture (3) and the deformation fixture (5), the top cover (8) is installed on the upper permeable stone (11), and the top cover (8) is installed with an upper Drainage hole (7), spacer is installed between the upper sample box (6) and the lower sample box (13), the top cover (8) is in contact with the pressurized shaft (10), and the shearing stepping motor (16) passes through Push the lower base (14) to provide shear force. The device is simple to manufacture, has high measurement accuracy and is easy to use, and can be used to measure the tensile and shear strength characteristics of various geosynthetic materials in porous media encountered in civil engineering or geological engineering.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是一种土工试验方法，属于土木(岩土)工程技术领域。The invention relates to a geotechnical test method, which belongs to the technical field of civil engineering (geotechnical) engineering.
背景技术Background technique
土工合成材料广泛用于加筋土中，可以为岩土体提供均衡应力，并形成一种复合结构体系。随着我国岩土工程建设的广泛深入，加筋土技术得到较快的推广，技术应用远远超过理论研究。如何测定土工合成材料在岩土体中的抗拉强度与抗剪切强度，至今还没有合适的实验设备进行测量，目前较多的是采用土工合成材料自身的抗拉强度、抗刺破强度等指标进行设计与施工，还没有形成统一的强度试验规范与操作流程。该申请就是要发明一种试验装置，以适用于多种土工合成材料在多孔介质中的抗拉拔与抗剪切强度特性的试验测试。Geosynthetics are widely used in reinforced soil, which can provide balanced stress for rock and soil and form a composite structural system. With the extensive development of geotechnical engineering construction in our country, the reinforced soil technology has been popularized rapidly, and the technical application far exceeds the theoretical research. How to measure the tensile strength and shear strength of geosynthetics in rock and soil, so far there is no suitable experimental equipment for measurement. At present, most of them use the tensile strength and puncture strength of geosynthetics themselves. Indicators are used for design and construction, and a unified strength test specification and operation process have not yet been formed. The application is to invent a test device suitable for testing the tensile and shear strength properties of various geosynthetics in porous media.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是提供一种土工合成材料拉拔剪切试验装置，解决土工合成材料在多孔介质包括砂土、粉土或粘性土中的抗拉拔特性与抗剪切特性的试验测试问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a geosynthetic pull-shear test device to solve the test problem of the pull-out resistance and shear resistance of the geosynthetics in porous media including sand, silt or cohesive soil.
本发明的技术解决方案，其特征是采用一种土工合成材料剪切装置，该装置包括拉拔步进电机1，拉拔量力环2，上试样盒6，加压框架9，下试样盒13，下底座14，剪切量力环15，剪切步进电机16，加压杠杆23，砝码25，拉拔步进电机1连接拉拔量力环2，用于为土工合成材料的拉拔试验提供应变控制式或应力控制式的拉力，拉拔位移计29连接拉拔量力环2，下底座14上面安装下试样盒13，下试样盒13安装有下排水孔17，下试样盒13上面安装下透水石18，通过下排水孔17进行排气排水，下透水石18上面安装滤纸，滤纸上面安装下试样26，下试样26与上试样12之间铺设土工合成材料4，土工合成材料4通过夹具3和变形夹具5固定，并通过变形夹具5记录试验开始前的位置，上试样12上面安装滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8安装有上排水孔7，并通过上排水孔7进行试样的排气排水，上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间安装有垫块，顶盖8与加压轴10接触，加压轴10与加压框架9连接，剪切步进电机16连接剪切量力环15，通过推动下底座14为土工合成材料的抗剪切试验提供应变控制式或应力控制式的剪切力，剪切位移计30连接剪切量力环15，下底座14通过滚珠连接试验平台27，试验平台27安装有剪切位移表28和固结位移计31，试验平台27连接固定栓21，固定栓21通过转动轴20连接大砝码19和加压杠杆23，转动轴20之间安装有第一吊钩22，加压杠杆23通过第二吊钩24连接砝码25。The technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that a geosynthetic material shearing device is adopted, the device includes a drawing stepper motor 1, a drawing force ring 2, an upper sample box 6, a pressurizing frame 9, a lower sample Box 13, lower base 14, shear force ring 15, shear stepper motor 16, pressurization lever 23, weight 25, drawing stepper motor 1 is connected with drawing force ring 2, and is used for drawing of geosynthetics The pull-out test provides strain-controlled or stress-controlled tension. The pull-out displacement gauge 29 is connected to the pull-out measuring ring 2, and the lower sample box 13 is installed on the lower base 14, and the lower sample box 13 is equipped with a lower drainage hole 17. The lower permeable stone 18 is installed on the sample box 13, and the exhaust and drainage are carried out through the lower drainage hole 17. The filter paper is installed on the lower permeable stone 18, and the lower sample 26 is installed on the filter paper. Material 4 and geosynthetic material 4 are fixed by fixture 3 and deformation fixture 5, and the position before the start of the test is recorded by deformation fixture 5. Filter paper is installed on the upper sample 12, and the upper permeable stone 11 is installed on the filter paper, and the upper permeable stone 11 is installed Top cover 8, top cover 8 is equipped with upper drainage hole 7, and the exhaust and drainage of the sample is carried out through the upper drainage hole 7, a spacer is installed between the upper sample box 6 and the lower sample box 13, the top cover 8 and The pressurized shaft 10 is in contact, the pressurized shaft 10 is connected with the pressurized frame 9, and the shear stepper motor 16 is connected with the shear force ring 15. By pushing the lower base 14, a strain-controlled or stress-controlled test is provided for the shear resistance test of geosynthetics. The shear force, the shear displacement meter 30 is connected to the shear force ring 15, the lower base 14 is connected to the test platform 27 through balls, the test platform 27 is equipped with a shear displacement meter 28 and a consolidation displacement meter 31, and the test platform 27 is connected to the fixed bolt 21. The fixed bolt 21 connects the large weight 19 and the pressure lever 23 through the rotating shaft 20, the first suspension hook 22 is installed between the rotation shafts 20, and the pressure lever 23 connects the weight 25 through the second suspension hook 24.
(1)采用该装置进行土工合成材料抗拉拔试验的方法如下：(1) The method of using this device to carry out the pull-out test of geosynthetics is as follows:
①将下试样盒13安装在下底座14内，将下透水石18放入下试样盒13中，下透水石18表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面铺设下试样26，下试样26表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；① Install the lower sample box 13 in the lower base 14, put the lower permeable stone 18 into the lower sample box 13, lay filter paper on the surface of the lower permeable stone 18, lay the lower sample 26 on the filter paper, and lay filter paper on the surface of the lower sample 26 , the upper permeable stone 11 is installed on the filter paper, the top cover 8 is installed on the upper permeable stone 11, and the top cover 8 is connected to the pressurized shaft 10;
②按试验要求施加一定数量的砝码25，为下试样26提供固结压力，使下试样26固结，通过上排水孔7和下排水孔17进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值不大于0.01mm/h且固结后的下试样26表层超过下试样盒13表层2-4mm，视为下试样26固结完毕；②Apply a certain amount of weight 25 according to the test requirements to provide consolidation pressure for the lower sample 26, so that the lower sample 26 is consolidated, exhaust and drain through the upper drainage hole 7 and the lower drainage hole 17, and the displacement gauge to be consolidated 31 If the indicated value is not more than 0.01mm/h and the surface layer of the lower sample 26 after consolidation exceeds the surface layer of the lower sample box 13 by 2-4mm, it is considered that the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed;
③下试样26固结完毕后，卸除固结压力，依次取下顶盖8、上透水石11和滤纸，表层铺设土工合成材料4，然后安装上试样盒6，上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间安装垫块，使得上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间的缝隙在4-6mm之间；③ After the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed, remove the consolidation pressure, remove the top cover 8, the upper permeable stone 11 and the filter paper in sequence, lay the geosynthetic material 4 on the surface layer, and then install the upper sample box 6 and the upper sample box 6 Install pads between the lower sample box 13 so that the gap between the upper sample box 6 and the lower sample box 13 is between 4-6 mm;
④上试样盒6内安装上试样12，上试样12表层铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；④ Install the upper sample 12 in the upper sample box 6, lay filter paper on the surface of the upper sample 12, install a permeable stone 11 on the filter paper, install a top cover 8 on the upper permeable stone 11, and connect the top cover 8 to the pressurization shaft 10;
⑤按试验要求施加与第②步相同数量的砝码25，为上试样12提供固结压力，使上试样12固结，并通过上排水孔7进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值不大于0.01mm/h后，视为上试样12固结完毕；⑤Apply the same number of weights 25 as in step ② according to the test requirements to provide consolidation pressure for the upper sample 12, so that the upper sample 12 is consolidated, and exhaust and drain through the upper drainage hole 7, and the displacement gauge to be consolidated 31 After the indicated value is not greater than 0.01mm/h, it is considered that the consolidation of the upper sample 12 is completed;
⑥依次为土工合成材料4安装夹具3和变形夹具5，连接土工合成材料4与拉拔量力环2，通过拉拔步进电机1施加应变式或应力式拉力，通过拉拔位移计29记录拉力值F，通过变形夹具5与下试样盒13的距离变化记录土工合成材料4的变形量L，并绘制F-L曲线，当拉拔位移计29指示值回弹，表示土工合成材料4受拉达到峰值，即可获得土工合成材料4的抗拉拔强度最大值F’。⑥Installing jig 3 and deformation jig 5 for geosynthetics 4 in sequence, connecting geosynthetics 4 and drawing force ring 2, applying strain-type or stress-type pulling force through pulling stepping motor 1, and recording pulling force through pulling displacement meter 29 value F, record the deformation L of the geosynthetic material 4 through the distance change between the deformation fixture 5 and the lower sample box 13, and draw the F-L curve. The maximum value of the tensile strength F' of the geosynthetic material 4 can be obtained.
(2)采用该装置进行土工合成材料剪切试验的方法如下：(2) The method of using this device to carry out the shear test of geosynthetics is as follows:
①将下试样盒13安装在下底座14内，将下透水石18放入下试样盒13中，下透水石18表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面铺设下试样26，下试样26表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；① Install the lower sample box 13 in the lower base 14, put the lower permeable stone 18 into the lower sample box 13, lay filter paper on the surface of the lower permeable stone 18, lay the lower sample 26 on the filter paper, and lay filter paper on the surface of the lower sample 26 , the upper permeable stone 11 is installed on the filter paper, the top cover 8 is installed on the upper permeable stone 11, and the top cover 8 is connected to the pressurized shaft 10;
②按试验要求施加一定数量的砝码25，为下试样26提供固结压力，使下试样26固结，通过上排水孔7和下排水孔17进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值不大于0.01mm/h且固结后的下试样26表层超过下试样盒13表层2-4mm，视为下试样26固结完毕；②Apply a certain amount of weight 25 according to the test requirements to provide consolidation pressure for the lower sample 26, so that the lower sample 26 is consolidated, exhaust and drain through the upper drainage hole 7 and the lower drainage hole 17, and the displacement gauge to be consolidated 31 If the indicated value is not more than 0.01mm/h and the surface layer of the lower sample 26 after consolidation exceeds the surface layer of the lower sample box 13 by 2-4mm, it is considered that the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed;
③下试样26固结完毕后，卸除固结压力，依次取下顶盖8、上透水石11和滤纸，表层铺设土工合成材料4，然后安装上试样盒6，上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间安装垫块，使得上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间的缝隙在4-6mm之间；③ After the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed, remove the consolidation pressure, remove the top cover 8, the upper permeable stone 11 and the filter paper in sequence, lay the geosynthetic material 4 on the surface layer, and then install the upper sample box 6 and the upper sample box 6 Install pads between the lower sample box 13 so that the gap between the upper sample box 6 and the lower sample box 13 is between 4-6 mm;
④上试样盒6内安装上试样12，上试样12表层铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；④ Install the upper sample 12 in the upper sample box 6, lay filter paper on the surface of the upper sample 12, install a permeable stone 11 on the filter paper, install a top cover 8 on the upper permeable stone 11, and connect the top cover 8 to the pressurization shaft 10;
⑤按试验要求施加与第②步相同数量的砝码25，为上试样12提供固结压力，使上试样12固结，并通过上排水孔7进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值不大于0.01mm/h后，视为上试样12固结完毕；⑤Apply the same number of weights 25 as in step ② according to the test requirements to provide consolidation pressure for the upper sample 12, so that the upper sample 12 is consolidated, and exhaust and drain through the upper drainage hole 7, and the displacement gauge to be consolidated 31 After the indicated value is not greater than 0.01mm/h, it is considered that the consolidation of the upper sample 12 is completed;
⑥连接下底座14与剪切量力环15，通过剪切步进电机16施加应变式或应力式剪切力，通过剪切位移计30记录剪切力值F，通过剪切位移表28记录下底座14的位移值L，并绘制F-L曲线，当剪切位移表28指示值回弹，表示土工合成材料4受剪切达到峰值，即可获得土工合成材料4的抗剪切强度最大值F’。⑥Connect the lower base 14 and the shear force ring 15, apply a strain-type or stress-type shear force through the shear stepper motor 16, record the shear force value F through the shear displacement meter 30, and record it through the shear displacement meter 28 The displacement value L of the base 14, and draw the F-L curve, when the shear displacement meter 28 indicates that the value rebounds, it means that the geosynthetic material 4 is sheared to a peak value, and the maximum shear strength F' of the geosynthetic material 4 can be obtained .
本发明优点：Advantages of the present invention:
该装置制造简单，测量精度高，使用方便，满足土工合成材料在加载条件下的抗拉拔与抗剪切强度量测控制要求，可直接测定各种土工合成材料(如土工布、土工格栅等)在多孔介质(包括砂土、粉土、粘土等)中的抗拉拔与抗剪切强度特性。The device is simple to manufacture, has high measurement accuracy, and is easy to use. It meets the requirements for the measurement and control of the tensile and shear strength of geosynthetics under loading conditions, and can directly measure various geosynthetics (such as geotextiles, geogrids, etc.) etc.) tensile and shear strength properties in porous media (including sand, silt, clay, etc.).
本发明适用范围：The scope of application of the present invention:
可用于土木工程或地质工程中遇到的各种土工合成材料在多孔介质中的抗拉拔与抗剪切强度特性量测。It can be used to measure the tensile and shear strength characteristics of various geosynthetics in porous media encountered in civil engineering or geological engineering.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1是一种土工合成材料拉拔剪切试验装置的结构示意图。其中有拉拔步进电机1，拉拔量力环2，夹具3，土工合成材料4，变形夹具5，上试样盒6，上排水孔7，顶盖8，加压框架9，加压轴10，上透水石11，上试样12，下试样盒13，下底座14，剪切量力环15，剪切步进电机16，下排水孔17，下透水石18，大砝码19，转动轴20，固定栓21，第一吊钩22，加压杠杆23，第二吊钩24，砝码25，下试样26，试验平台27，剪切位移表28。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a geosynthetic pull-shear test device. There are drawing stepping motor 1, drawing force ring 2, fixture 3, geosynthetic material 4, deformation fixture 5, upper sample box 6, upper drainage hole 7, top cover 8, pressurization frame 9, pressurization shaft 10 , upper permeable stone 11, upper sample 12, lower sample box 13, lower base 14, shear force ring 15, shear stepping motor 16, lower drainage hole 17, lower permeable stone 18, large weight 19, rotating Shaft 20, fixed bolt 21, first hook 22, pressure lever 23, second hook 24, weight 25, lower sample 26, test platform 27, shear displacement meter 28.
图2是一种土工合成材料拉拔剪切试验装置结构示意图的俯视图。其中有拉拔步进电机1，拉拔量力环2，夹具3，土工合成材料4，变形夹具5，上试样盒6，上排气孔7，加压框架9，下底座14，剪切量力环15，剪切步进电机16，拉拔位移计29，剪切位移计30。Fig. 2 is a top view of a schematic structural diagram of a pull-shear test device for geosynthetics. There are drawing stepping motor 1, drawing force ring 2, fixture 3, geosynthetic material 4, deformation fixture 5, upper sample box 6, upper vent hole 7, pressurized frame 9, lower base 14, shearing Measuring ring 15, shearing stepping motor 16, drawing displacement gauge 29, shearing displacement gauge 30.
图3是一种土工合成材料拉拔剪切试验装置结构示意图的俯视图的A-A剖面图。其中有土工合成材料4，加压框架9，转动轴20，试验平台27，固结位移计31。Fig. 3 is an A-A sectional view of a top view of a schematic structural diagram of a pull-shear test device for geosynthetics. Wherein there are geosynthetics 4 , pressurized frame 9 , rotating shaft 20 , test platform 27 , and consolidation displacement meter 31 .
具体实施方式：detailed description:
实施例：Example:
(1)采用该装置进行土工合成材料拉拔试验的步骤如下：(1) The steps of using the device to carry out the pull-out test of geosynthetics are as follows:
①将下试样盒13安装在下底座14内，将下透水石18放入下试样盒13中，下透水石18表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面铺设下试样26，下试样26表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；① Install the lower sample box 13 in the lower base 14, put the lower permeable stone 18 into the lower sample box 13, lay filter paper on the surface of the lower permeable stone 18, lay the lower sample 26 on the filter paper, and lay filter paper on the surface of the lower sample 26 , the upper permeable stone 11 is installed on the filter paper, the top cover 8 is installed on the upper permeable stone 11, and the top cover 8 is connected to the pressurized shaft 10;
②施加砝码25，为下试样26提供100kPa的固结压力，使下试样26固结，通过上排水孔7和下排水孔17进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值小于或等于0.01mm/h且固结后的下试样26表层超过下试样盒13表层3mm时，下试样26固结完毕；② Apply a weight 25 to provide a consolidation pressure of 100kPa for the lower sample 26, so that the lower sample 26 is consolidated, exhaust and drain through the upper drainage hole 7 and the lower drainage hole 17, and the indication value of the displacement meter 31 to be consolidated is less than Or equal to 0.01mm/h and when the surface layer of the lower sample 26 after consolidation exceeds the surface layer of the lower sample box 13 by 3mm, the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed;
③下试样26固结完毕后，卸除100kPa固结压力，依次取下顶盖8、上透水石11和滤纸，表层铺设土工合成材料4，然后安装上试样盒6，上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间安装垫块，使得上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间的缝隙在5mm之间；③After the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed, remove the 100kPa consolidation pressure, remove the top cover 8, the upper permeable stone 11 and the filter paper in sequence, lay the geosynthetic material 4 on the surface, and then install the upper sample box 6 and the upper sample box Install pads between 6 and the lower sample box 13, so that the gap between the upper sample box 6 and the lower sample box 13 is between 5 mm;
④上试样盒6内安装上试样12，上试样12表层铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；④ Install the upper sample 12 in the upper sample box 6, lay filter paper on the surface of the upper sample 12, install a permeable stone 11 on the filter paper, install a top cover 8 on the upper permeable stone 11, and connect the top cover 8 to the pressurization shaft 10;
⑤施加砝码25，为上试样12提供100kPa固结压力，使上试样12固结，并通过上排水孔7进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值小于或等于0.01mm/h后，上试样12固结完毕；⑤ Apply a weight 25 to provide a consolidation pressure of 100kPa for the upper sample 12 to consolidate the upper sample 12, and perform exhaust and drainage through the upper drainage hole 7 until the indication value of the consolidation displacement meter 31 is less than or equal to 0.01mm/ After h, the consolidation of the upper sample 12 is complete;
⑥依次为土工合成材料4安装夹具3和变形夹具5，连接土工合成材料4与拉拔量力环2，通过拉拔步进电机1施加应变式或应力式拉力，通过拉拔位移计29记录拉力值F，通过变形夹具5与下试样盒13的距离变化记录土工合成材料4的变形量L，并绘制F-L曲线，当拉拔位移计29指示值回弹时，记录回弹瞬时指示值，即为该土工合成材料4的抗拉拔强度最大值F’。⑥Installing jig 3 and deformation jig 5 for geosynthetics 4 in sequence, connecting geosynthetics 4 and drawing force ring 2, applying strain-type or stress-type pulling force through pulling stepping motor 1, and recording pulling force through pulling displacement meter 29 value F, record the deformation L of the geosynthetic material 4 through the distance change between the deformation fixture 5 and the lower sample box 13, and draw the F-L curve, when the indication value of the displacement gauge 29 rebounds, record the rebound instantaneous indication value, That is, the maximum value F' of the tensile strength of the geosynthetic material 4 .
(2)采用该装置进行土工合成材料剪切试验的步骤如下；(2) The steps of using the device to carry out the shear test of geosynthetics are as follows;
①将下试样盒13安装在下底座14内，将下透水石18放入下试样盒13中，下透水石18表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面铺设下试样26，下试样26表面铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；① Install the lower sample box 13 in the lower base 14, put the lower permeable stone 18 into the lower sample box 13, lay filter paper on the surface of the lower permeable stone 18, lay the lower sample 26 on the filter paper, and lay filter paper on the surface of the lower sample 26 , the upper permeable stone 11 is installed on the filter paper, the top cover 8 is installed on the upper permeable stone 11, and the top cover 8 is connected to the pressurized shaft 10;
②施加砝码25，为下试样26提供100kPa固结压力，使下试样26固结，通过上排水孔7和下排水孔17进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值小于或等于0.01mm/h且固结后的下试样26表层超过下试样盒13表层3mm时，下试样26固结完毕；②Apply weight 25 to provide 100kPa consolidation pressure for the lower sample 26, so that the lower sample 26 is consolidated, exhaust and drain through the upper drainage hole 7 and the lower drainage hole 17, and the indication value of the consolidation displacement meter 31 is less than or It is equal to 0.01mm/h and when the surface layer of the lower sample 26 after consolidation exceeds the surface layer of the lower sample box 13 by 3mm, the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed;
③下试样26固结完毕后，卸除100kPa固结压力，依次取下顶盖8、上透水石11和滤纸，表层铺设土工合成材料4，然后安装上试样盒6，上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间安装垫块，使得上试样盒6与下试样盒13之间的缝隙在5mm之间；③After the consolidation of the lower sample 26 is completed, remove the 100kPa consolidation pressure, remove the top cover 8, the upper permeable stone 11 and the filter paper in sequence, lay the geosynthetic material 4 on the surface, and then install the upper sample box 6 and the upper sample box Install pads between 6 and the lower sample box 13, so that the gap between the upper sample box 6 and the lower sample box 13 is between 5mm;
④上试样盒6内安装上试样12，上试样12表层铺设滤纸，滤纸上面安装上透水石11，上透水石11上面安装顶盖8，顶盖8连接加压轴10；④ Install the upper sample 12 in the upper sample box 6, lay filter paper on the surface of the upper sample 12, install a permeable stone 11 on the filter paper, install a top cover 8 on the upper permeable stone 11, and connect the top cover 8 to the pressurization shaft 10;
⑤施加砝码25，为上试样12提供100kPa固结压力，使上试样12固结，并通过上排水孔7进行排气排水，待固结位移计31指示值小于或等于0.01mm/h时，上试样12固结完毕；⑤ Apply a weight 25 to provide a consolidation pressure of 100kPa for the upper sample 12 to consolidate the upper sample 12, and perform exhaust and drainage through the upper drainage hole 7 until the indication value of the consolidation displacement meter 31 is less than or equal to 0.01mm/ h, the consolidation of the upper sample 12 is complete;
⑥连接下底座14与剪切量力环15，通过剪切步进电机16施加应变式或应力式剪切力，通过剪切位移计30记录剪切力值F，通过剪切位移表28记录下底座14的位移值L，并绘制F-L曲线，当剪切位移表28指示值回弹，记录回弹瞬时指示值，即为该土工合成材料4的抗剪切强度最大值F’。⑥Connect the lower base 14 and the shear force ring 15, apply a strain-type or stress-type shear force through the shear stepper motor 16, record the shear force value F through the shear displacement meter 30, and record it through the shear displacement meter 28 The displacement value L of the base 14, and draw the F-L curve. When the shear displacement meter 28 indicates that the value rebounds, record the instantaneous indication value of the rebound, which is the maximum shear strength F' of the geosynthetic material 4 .
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