CN103775144B - High concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, one utilizes high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie gathering sunlight, then reflex to bottom direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, produce high pressure refrigerant steam, enter the generating of positive fluid pressure cycle generating system.By comprising: high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, eutectic salts regenerative system, positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, transformation and distribution system, PLC intelligent control system etc. form.The solar energy heat utilization efficiency of high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie reaches more than 75%.Positive fluid pressure cycle generating system utilizes fluid pressure balance malleation circulation theory and 0.618 Fibonacci method, the efficiency of organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) power turbine generator set is brought up to 91.94% by 8 ~ 11%, be world wide energy-saving, reduction of discharging, new energy development utilize great innovation and technological revolution, will thoroughly overturn all solar power systems in Modern World.

Description

High concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system

Technical field

A kind of high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, one utilizes high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie gathering sunlight to reflex to bottom direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, environmental protection refrigerant is heated directly evaporate, produce high pressure refrigerant steam, enter the generating of positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, solar thermal energy is converted to the solar light-heat power-generation system of high-order electric energy at a low price.

Background technique

When global climate become dim, world's non-renewable resources reduce day by day, environmental pollution is more and more serious, reproducible clean energy resource is utilized to generate electricity, especially utilizing solar energy generation technology to generate electricity, is one of approach the most effectively solving energy shortage problem.Solar energy power generating future is under suspicion, because the source of solar energy power generating, brings " high energy consumption, high pollution ", and the energy of consumption and manufacture cost are difficult to regain throughout one's life.

Have in the world and utilized solar energy optical-thermal optically focused and melt and dissolved salt heat storage technology to realize the case of solar light-heat power-generation, but, melt and dissolved salt regenerator temperature is generally not less than 550 DEG C, powerful photo-thermal optically focused matrix system is needed to heat melt and dissolved salt, photo-thermal optically focused matrix system cost is high, and the manufactured materials of heat storage container and heat-retaining condition require higher.In addition, melt and dissolved salt mobility after lower than 250 DEG C is very poor, needs special technique process, could solve the flowing of melt and dissolved salt and uninterruptable power generation problem.Due to the restriction of cost and technology, make this bladder meridian connecting with nape energy photo-thermal, the application and development of melt and dissolved salt accumulation of heat generation technology is restricted

Israel and other countries adopt the generating of solar energy optical-thermal optically focused direct irradiation photovoltaic panel, i.e. light-focusing type solar photoelectric (CPV) device, this device can only be used for cogeneration of heat and power, and for high latitude area, applicability is little.

Recently, domestic Yanqing County of Beijing regional Construction has the heliostat optically focused heating steam pushing turbine power generation system of independent intellectual property right, and this is the one progress of optically focused being heated to melt and dissolved salt accumulation of heat generation technology.But steam turbine requires that throttle (steam) temperature is between 240 DEG C ~ 435 DEG C, lower than the water vapor of 230 DEG C, because temperature is low, pressure is little, can not generates electricity, and be wasted.So be that the total efficiency of the solar light-heat power-generation system of working medium generating can not more than 50% with water vapor, this photothermal power generation technology is unsatisfactory.

The invention of high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, in the world in solar light-heat power-generation field, first utilize high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie gathering sunlight energy heats direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, first use the organic refrigerant of environment protection type as cycle fluid, first that adopt salt eutectic phase-change heat storage technology and Wang Shi cycle generating system, solar thermal energy to be converted to high-order electric energy at a low price solar light-heat power-generation system.Wang Shi cycle generating system utilizes fluid pressure balance malleation circulation (Wang Shi circulation) principle and 0.618 Fibonacci method, solar thermal energy within the scope of 550 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C is converted to high-order electric energy, the efficiency of organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) power turbine is brought up to 91.94% by 8 ~ 11%, the solar thermal utilization rate of solar energy is made to bring up to 95.82%, reduce cost for solar power generation and operating cost, being reduced to about about 0.1 yuan often spending electricity price, is 10% of photovoltaic generation.Pollution-free, zero-emission, the energy consumption at solar energy power generating initial stage does not all have.Be world wide energy-saving, reduction of discharging, new energy development utilize great innovation and technological revolution, will thoroughly overturn all photovoltaics, solar-thermal generating system in Modern World, the dream allowing solar energy low cost generate electricity comes true.

Summary of the invention

A kind of high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, one utilizes high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie gathering sunlight to reflex to bottom direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, environmental protection refrigerant is heated directly evaporate, produce high pressure refrigerant steam, enter the generating of Wang Shi cycle generating system, solar thermal energy is converted to the solar light-heat power-generation system of high-order electric energy at a low price.

Main purpose of the present invention, be to provide a kind of high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, utilize this reproducible clean energy resource of solar energy, build solar light-heat power-generation station the most cheap in the world, sending the most cheap electric power, is mankind's service.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, one utilizes high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie gathering sunlight to reflex to bottom direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, environmental protection refrigerant is heated directly evaporate, produce high pressure refrigerant steam, enter the generating of Wang Shi cycle generating system, solar thermal energy is converted to the solar light-heat power-generation system of high-order electric energy at a low price.By comprising: high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, eutectic salts regenerative system, Wang Shi cycle generating system, transformation and distribution system, PLC intelligent control system etc. form.

Above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is provided with high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie.The butterfly that high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie is made up of arc or parabolic mirror or parabola shaped sunlight deflectors and sunlight automatic tracking device form.The focal length length of this sunlight deflectors is determined by reflector radian size, and focus temp height is determined by focal length length, and it is 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C that the present invention designs focus temp.Heat-collecting capacity size is determined by the size of sunlight deflectors reflector area, and the quantity of high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie is determined by solar power station whole day 24 hours generated energy.Many groups high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcies are arranged in around direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator with fan-shaped square formation, and focus point is gathered in the heat affected zone, bottom of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator.In sunlight deflectors bottom, be provided with sunlight autotracking unit, sunlight deflectors also can be made from the motion tracking sun even overcast and rainy, assemble maximum solar radiation quantity, solar energy heat utilization efficiency reaches more than 75%.

Above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is provided with direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator.Direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator is arranged on steel or concrete support, and setting height(from bottom) is determined by the focal length length of high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie.Direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator is high-pressure bottle, with corrosion resistant plate or other withstand voltage, corrosion-resistant metal materials making, bears pressure and is greater than 5.5mPa.Direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator bottom is the acceptor of solar heat, is also the photo-thermal focal zone of high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, absorbs solar energy, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator top is environment protection type organic refrigerant high pressure steam accumulation regions, after the solar heat that the organic refrigerant of environment protection type (the present invention selects R245fa) is assembled at direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator lower absorbent height concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, steam state is become from liquid state, produce the R245fa high pressure steam of 4.5-5.5mPa, and assemble on direct-evaporation-type high compressed steam generator top, part R245fa high pressure steam enters eutectic salts regenerative system and carries out accumulation of heat, another part enters the generating of Wang Shi cycle generating system.The top of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator is provided with safety valve, thermometer, pressure gauge, temperature transducer, pressure transducer, bottom is provided with electronic proportional integral modulating valve, according to the temperature and pressure in direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, automatically regulate the inlet of liquid R245fa.The outside of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, except heat affected zone, bottom, is all incubated with high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation material.

Above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is provided with salt eutectic phase-change regenerative system.Salt eutectic phase-change regenerative system is made up of salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank and eutectic salts and various valve, pipeline.The salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulating material of different phase transformation critical temperature (82 DEG C ~ 164 DEG C) is installed in salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank, filling in the spherical of sealing or rectangular vessel respectively, by low temperature to high temperature, from down to up, layering is placed in salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank, by eutectic salts solid-liquid phase change, absorb, store the heat of the R245fa high pressure steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces in the mode that sensible heat adds latent heat.The heat of storage is used for generating in night, in overcast and rainy and period in winter continuously, supplement generating heat from heat source not enough time heat.Salt eutectic phase-change regenerative system is that high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is annual, the safeguards system of all-weather uninterruptable power generation in 24 hours.

Above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is provided with Wang Shi cycle generating system.Wang Shi cycle generating system is multilevel power generation system, is made up of multistage main, secondary high pressure steam generator, multistage (ORC) power worm gear machine and multistage generator.The refrigerant medium R245fa high pressure steam endless form of Wang Shi cycle generating system is the circulation of fluid pressure balance malleation, is called for short Wang Shi circulation.The circulation of this fluid pressure balance malleation and Wang Shi circulation, be different from organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) and Ka Lina circulation (kalian).Wang Shi circulation is on the basis of organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) principle, a kind of New Cycle mode createed, i.e. fluid pressure balance malleation circulation: " under condition that is adiabatic, that be incubated, the fluid of material of the same race can balance the circulation of flowing malleation under same equal pressure ".According to the thermal characteristics of R245fa, identical face Jie's temperature under, liquid-gas phase occurs, and to become the vapor pressure produced be identical.The vapor pressure that R245fa produces at identical Jie's of facing temperature is identical, under the condition of adiabatic, insulation, can balance flowing between different vessels.Wang Shi cyclic process is an adiabatic cyclic process, must carry out under insulation, adiabatic condition.R245fa high pressure steam and low pressure condensing steam are in power generation process, temperature and pressure declines step by step, Wang Shi circulation makes R245fa high pressure steam and low pressure condensing steam repeatedly be circulated to low temperature, low pressure by high temperature, high pressure in power generation system, promote organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) power turbine step by step to run, drive electrical generators generates electricity, and the R245fa high pressure steam of different temperatures, different pressures and low pressure condensing steam are fully recycled.The discharge amount of R245fa low pressure condensation steam-condensation heat is reduced to about 4.18% from about 90%, and considerably reduce thermal waste, heat utilization rate reaches 95.82%.Add generating capacity, make the efficiency of organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) power turbine bring up to 91.94% by 8 ~ 11%, improve solar energy utilization ratio more than 8 times.

Wang Shi cycle generating system in above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, the R245fa high pressure steam heat energy adopting 0.618 Fibonacci method to quantize to produce in direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator and generating capacity, in order to determine, to configure each main of Wang Shi cycle generating system, secondary high pressure steam generator and (ORC) power worm gear machine, the specification of generator, model.Automatically the liquid R245fa flow entering direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, heat-accumulator tank, each main, secondary high pressure steam generator is controlled by electronic proportional integral modulating valve.Meanwhile, 0.618 Fibonacci method quantizes each main of Wang Shi cycle generating system, secondary high pressure steam generator produces R245fa high pressure steam flow and generating capacity is adopted.

Wang Shi cycle generating system in above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, the power equipment of choice for use is that organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) power worm gear machine < is hereinafter referred to as (ORC) power turbine >.Low temperature organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) is similar to traditional steam turbine circulation.Low temperature organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) worm gear machine is that one utilizes environment protection type low boiling organic liquids as the power equipment that the refrigeration agents such as R245fa, R410A, R134a, chloroethanes circulate as organic working medium.R245fa refrigeration agent in direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, after being heated certain face Jie's temperature under there is liquid-vapour phase and become, steam state is become from liquid state, produce the R245fa high pressure steam of 4.5-5.5mPa, promote the running of (ORC) power turbine, generated electricity by (ORC) power turbine drive electrical generators again, complete the process that a thermal power transfer becomes electric energy.After R245fa high pressure steam promotes the running of (ORC) power turbine, volumetric expansion, pressure reduces, become R245fa low pressure condensing steam, after the cooling of throttling expansion condenser, release heat of condensation heat, 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C face Jie's temperature under, there is Liquid-Vapor Phase Transition, become low temperature, low pressure R245fa liquid, enter liquid storage tank, use refrigerant pump again, refrigerant delivery pipe, electronic proportional integral modulating valve sends into direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator and Wang Shi cycle generating system main at different levels, secondary high pressure steam generator, there is liquid-vapour phase after heat absorption to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam, continue circulating generation, carry out transformation of energy, thus complete an organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) and Wang Shi circulation.(ORC) power worm gear machine is tandem product, and (ORC) power worm gear machine and generator form (ORC) power worm gear machine power generating equipment, and generating capacity is 5 ~ 400KW.Wang Shi cycle generating system according to high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie reflection total amount of heat size, can be selected different generating capacity (ORC) power worm gear machine power generating equipment, sets up the solar power station that generating capacity is different.(ORC) disadvantage of power worm gear machine is exactly inefficiency, only has 8 ~ 11%, and the thermal source heat energy of nearly about 90% is discharged into space by the form with heat of condensation, causes significant wastage and thermo-pollution.Wang Shi cycle generating system, utilizes Wang Shi to circulate and solves this world-famous puzzle, the efficiency of (ORC) power worm gear machine is brought up to 91.94%.

Above-mentioned high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, the organic coolant media of environment protection type of choice for use is the chemical name of Honeywell 245fa (hereinafter referred to as R245fa), R245fa is pentafluoropropane, and molecular formula is CF ₃cH ₂cHF ₂, there is the characteristics such as thermodynamic property is stable, thermal conductivity is high, operating temperature range extensively, is not burnt, do not damage the ozone layer.Can be used for the thermal power transfer of nature or industrial source, adopt organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) and Wang Shi circulating technology to produce electric power.

Wang Shi cycle generating system in above-mentioned high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is made up of level Four main high pressure steam generator and level Four secondary high pressure steam generator two Iarge-scale system.The thermal source of the level Four main high pressure steam generator circulatory system, from the R245fa high pressure steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces; The thermal source of the level Four secondary high pressure steam generator circulatory system, what wherein first three groups adopted is the heat of condensation leading the R245fa low pressure condensing steam that 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine is discharged; The thermal source of secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators, except the heat of condensation of the R245fa low pressure condensing steam of discharging except there being main 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines, also have main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators out the heat of condensation of R245fa low pressure condensing steam that ejects of R245fa low temperature, the heat of low pressure steam and secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators, totally three thermals source.These three thermals source finally become the need heat of condensation to be processed in high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, and this part heat accounts for about 4% of high light-focusing type heat-collecting devcie heat-collecting capacity.

Wang Shi circulation (circulation of fluid pressure balance malleation) of Wang Shi cycle generating system in high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is performed such: after the R245fa high pressure steam produced from direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator enters and leads 1 grade of high pressure steam generator, make after the heat absorption of R245fa liquid, liquid-vapour phase to occur in main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam, enter 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine, promote 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine running, drive 1 grade of electrical power generators.From the R245fa low pressure condensing steam that 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine is discharged, endless form does not deliver to condenser cooling routinely, but directly enter time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator as thermal source, make after the heat absorption of R245fa liquid, liquid-vapour phase to occur in time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator to become, the R245fa high pressure steam of generation enters main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators.

The R245fa high pressure steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces from main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator out after, enter main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators, as thermal source, by steam transmitting pipe bundle transferring heat, there is liquid-vapour phase after making the R245fa liquid heat absorption in main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam, because equal with the R245fa high-pressure steam pressure entered from secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator, so, in the mode of Wang Shi circulation, 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines are entered after two groups of R245fa high pressure steam mixing, promote 2 grades of (ORC) power turbine runnings, drive 2 grades of electrical power generators.

The low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine is discharged, from secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator out after, enter time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators as thermal source, the low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines are discharged, also time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators are directly entered as thermal source, two thermals source make after the heat absorption of R245fa liquid, liquid-vapour phase to occur in time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators and become, and the R245fa high pressure steam of generation enters main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators.The R245fa high pressure steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces from main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators out after, enter main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators as thermal source, by steam transmitting pipe bundle transferring heat, make after the heat absorption of R245fa liquid, liquid-vapour phase to occur in main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam, because equal with the R245fa high-pressure steam pressure that the secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators entered produce simultaneously, so, after mixing in the mode of Wang Shi circulation, enter 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines, promote 3 grades of (ORC) power turbine runnings, drive 3 grades of electrical power generators.

Low pressure R245fa condensing steam from secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators out after, enter time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators as thermal source, the low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines are discharged, also time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators are directly entered as thermal source, the thermal source that two pressure is equal, enter in time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators, after R245fa liquid is absorbed heat, liquid-vapour phase occurs and become, the R245fa high pressure steam of generation enters main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators.The R245fa high pressure steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces from main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators out after, also main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators are entered as thermal source, by steam transmitting pipe bundle transferring heat, there is liquid-vapour phase after R245fa liquid is absorbed heat to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam, because equal with the R245fa high-pressure steam pressure entered from secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators, so, after mixing in the mode of Wang Shi circulation, enter 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines, promote 4 grades of (ORC) power turbine runnings, drive 4 grades of electrical power generators.

Low pressure R245fa condensing steam from secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators out after, enter time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators as thermal source, the low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines are discharged, also time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators are directly entered as thermal source, the high pressure R245fa steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces from main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators out after also directly enter time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators as thermal source, the thermal source that three pressure is equal, by steam transmitting pipe bundle transferring heat, make after the heat absorption of R245fa liquid, liquid-vapour phase to occur in time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam and enter 5 grades of (ORC) power turbines, promote 5 grades of (ORC) power turbine runnings, drive 5 grades of electrical power generators.

Low pressure R245fa condensing steam is circulated by Wang Shi, and condenser heat is absorbed step by step.The high pressure R245fa steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces enters time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators from main 1 grade again to main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators, and heat is absorbed step by step.The low pressure R245fa steam that three pressure is equal enters the temperature of time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators at 67 DEG C ~ about 85 DEG C, the R245fa vapor pressure about 464 ~ 1261KPa of generation.Low pressure R245fa low pressure steam finally circulates specifically, send out a small amount of electric power, consume partial heat energy, the temperature of R245fa steam is made to drop to 41.4 DEG C ~ about 52.5 DEG C, pressure is also reduced to 252 ~ 410KPa, become low temperature, low pressure R245fa steam, become heat of condensation last in high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, this part condenser heat accounts for about 4.18% of system total amount of heat.So, decrease greatly the cooling water water yield and pump power, reduce the energy consumption of cooling system.

Low temperature, low pressure R245fa steam from secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators out after, from condensing steam transmission house steward, throttling expansion condenser is entered through orifice restrictors, after 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C water quench, temperature reduces rapidly, there is the phase transformation of vapour-liquid body, become the R245fa liquid of 28 DEG C ~ less than 30 DEG C, enter liquid storage tank, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator is sent into through electronic proportional integral modulating valve again by R245fa liquid circulation pump, each master in heat-accumulator tank and Wang Shi cycle generating system, secondary high pressure steam generator, again absorb heat, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam, continue circulation, so complete a R245fa refrigerant organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) and Wang Shi circulation.

Now, all (ORC) power turbines in the world, efficiency only has 8 ~ 11%, and main cause has the heat energy of 90% not to be utilized, and discharged by the form with heat of condensation, causes waste and thermo-pollution.Wang Shi circulation is low to about 4.18% from falling more than 90% heat of condensation, and condense thermal energy is used, and thoroughly solves the inefficient difficult problem of (ORC) power turbine.

In above-mentioned high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, throttling expansion condenser is installed.The effect of throttling expansion condenser is low temperature, low pressure R245fa condensing steam by water quench, Liquid-Vapor Phase Transition occurs, becomes liquid state, become low temperature, low pressure R245fa liquid from gaseous state.The structure of throttling expansion condenser is substantially identical with high pressure steam generator, but function and efficacy is different.The top of throttling expansion condenser, is provided with an orifice restrictors, is connected with R245fa low pressure condensation vapor transmission house steward.Orifice restrictors forms according to " Joule-Thomson " law " throttling refrigeration effect " principle design.R245fa low pressure condensing steam is after orifice throttle, and flow is constant, and flow velocity improves, and pressure reduces, and after entering throttling expansion condenser, volume expands suddenly, and pressure suddenly reduces, and density reduces, and is conducive to absorbing cooling water cold.The enclosure interior of throttling expansion condenser, be provided with the cooling tube bundle of many water-cooling tube compositions, cooling waterpump is fed into cooling tube bundle the cooling water of 20 DEG C ~ about 25 DEG C, by tube wall and R245fa low pressure steam contacts, carries out heat exchange.Temperature is down to 28 DEG C ~ less than 30 DEG C, produces Liquid-Vapor Phase Transition, becomes after liquid state, enter R245fa liquid reservoir from steam state.

Above-mentioned high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is provided with change, electrical distribution system.Become, electrical distribution system comprise be connected with 1 ~ 5 grade of generator power transmission cable, become electric closet, feed cable.Power transmission cable is sent to change electric closet the electric power that 1 ~ 5 grade of generator sends, and becomes electric closet and the electric power of input is converted to electricity consumption department or the grid-connected required voltage electricity of electric power, provide electrical power services.Become electric closet and be provided with communication interface, be connected with intelligent PLC control system main control computer.

Above-mentioned high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, is provided with intelligent PLC control system.Described intelligent PLC control system, comprising: main control computer, temperature transducer, pressure transducer.On high concentrating solar photo-thermal device, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, eutectic salts regenerative system, main and secondary high pressure steam generator, guide line, signal transmssion line and disc type thermometer and pressure gauge and temperature transducer, pressure transducer are all installed, become on electric closet and have communication interface.Each electric valve in high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, the guide line of electronic proportional integral modulating valve, signaling line are all connected with main control computer.Main control computer is according to temperature transducer, pressure transducer, signaling line, the R245fa high pressure steam that communication interface transmits and the temperature and pressure information of low pressure condensing steam, and each equipment, the information of valve running state, as calculated, after analysis, send control signal and instruction, monitor the running state of electronic proportional integral modulating valve on R245fa indusion tube at any time, make feeding direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, the brilliant salt heat-accumulator tank of dish and main, the R245fa fluid flow of secondary high pressure steam generator regulates automatically, ensure R245fa liquid setting face Jie's temperature under, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce the R245fa high pressure steam of pressure stability.By the control to electronic proportional integral modulating valve, the R245fa high-pressure steam pressure balance that main and secondary high pressure steam generator produce can be made, realize Wang Shi circulation.By the control to electric valve each in system, electronic proportional integral modulating valve, realize eutectic salts regenerative system and Wang Shi cycle generating system intellectuality operation, automatically switch.The main control computer of intelligent PLC control system can also show, record in high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, the operation conditions of each system, each equipment, each position, each parts and Operational Limits, so that operator's real-time control, guarantee high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system safe and reliable operation.Intelligent PLC control system is also designed with warning and fault display system, once there be fault to occur, main control computer can show trouble location and character, prompting failure cause, and record and warning.Intelligent PLC control system can telecontrol and reset, and manipulation personnel also can inspection on the scene and reset.Thermometer and pressure gauge show real-time temperature and pressure, as directly observing, recording foundation.By communication interface between intelligent PLC control system and transformation and distribution system, grasp 1 ~ 5 grade of generator operating conditions at any time and generated energy is how many, control defeated, power distributing amount amount and object conveyor.

After adopting said structure, high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system brings up to more than 91% (ORC) power turbine engine efficiency, achieves (ORC) power turbine dream of raising the efficiency for many years.The construction cost of solar power station and operating cost are reduced more than 70%, and average electricity price is about RMB about 0.1 yuan, becomes solar light-heat power-generation station the most cheap in the world.High light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is the invention of great significance and innovation in field of renewable energy, brings benefit to the mankind, serves society.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Figure of description 1 is high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system schematic diagram.

Figure of description 2 is Wang Shi cycle generating system schematic diagram

Figure of description 3 is direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator structural representation.

Figure of description 4 is eutectic salts heat-accumulator tank structural representation.

Figure of description 5 is master's 1 grade of high pressure steam generator structural representation of Wang Shi cycle generating system.

Figure of description 6 is time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator structural representation of Wang Shi cycle generating system.

Figure of description 7 is the throttling expansion condenser structure schematic diagram of Wang Shi cycle generating system.

Figure of description 8 is the orifice restrictors structural representation of Wang Shi cycle generating system.

Embodiment

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, accompanying drawing is hereby coordinated to describe in detail.As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, the high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system having sunlit place to install and use as long as a kind of.

High light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, by comprising: high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, eutectic salts regenerative system, Wang Shi cycle generating system, transformation and distribution system, PLC intelligent control system etc. form.Comprising: high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie 1, butterfly sunlight deflectors 1-1, parabola shaped sunlight deflectors 1-2, sunlight deflectors focused radiation line 1-3, sunlight focus point 1-4, sunlight autotracking unit 1-5, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2, R245fa liquid 2-1, R245fa high pressure steam 2-2, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator support 2-3, main high pressure steam steam transmitting pipe 3, salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4, eutectic salts heat-accumulating material 4-1, main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5, steam transmitting pipe bundle 5-1, R245fa liquid 5-2, R245fa high pressure steam 5-3, high pressure steam transport tube 5-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 5-5, main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 6, steam transmitting pipe bundle 6-1, R245fa liquid 6-2, R245fa high pressure steam 6-3, high pressure steam transport tube 6-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 6-5, main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 7, steam transmitting pipe bundle 7-1, R245fa liquid 7-2, R245fa high pressure steam 7-3, high pressure steam transport tube 7-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 7-5, main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 8, steam transmitting pipe bundle 8-1, R245fa liquid 8-2, R245fa high pressure steam 8-3, high pressure steam transport tube 8-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 8-5, 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine 9, 1 grade of generator 9-1, 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines 10, 2 grades of generator 10-1, 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines 11, 3 grades of generator 11-1, 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines 12, 4 grades of generator 12-1, 5 grades of (ORC) power turbines 13, 5 grades of generator 13-1, secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, low pressure condensation steam exhaust pipe bundle 14-1, R245fa liquid 14-2, R245fa high pressure steam 14-3, high pressure steam transport tube 14-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 14-5, secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15, low pressure condensation steam exhaust pipe bundle 15-1, R245fa liquid 15-2, R245fa high pressure steam 15-3, high pressure steam transport tube 15-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 15-5, secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16, low pressure condensation steam exhaust pipe bundle 16-1, R245fa liquid 16-2, R245fa high pressure steam 16-3, high pressure steam transport tube 16-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 16-5, secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17, low pressure condensation steam exhaust pipe bundle 17-1, R245fa liquid 17-2, R245fa high pressure steam 17-3, high pressure steam transport tube 17-4, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 17-5, low pressure condensing steam delivery trunk 18, orifice restrictors 18-1, throttling expansion condenser 19, water quench tube bank 19-1, R245fa low pressure condensing steam 19-3, R245fa liquid 19-2, cooling waterpump 20, R245fa liquid liquid storage tank 21, R245fa liquid circulation pump 22, R245fa liquid delivery tube 22-1, electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23, power transmission cable 24, become, electric closet 25, disc type thermometer 26, pressure gauge 27, intelligent PLC control system 28, main control computer 28-1, temperature transducer 28-2, pressure transducer 28-3, electric two-way valve 29, electric two-way valve 29-1, electronic proportional integral modulating valve 29-2.

As shown in Figure 1, high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie 1 is with fan-shaped array distribution around direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator support 2-3, and focus aims at the direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2 be arranged on above direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator support 2-3.Butterfly sunlight deflectors 1-1 in high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie 1 and parabola shaped sunlight deflectors 1-2 is under the driving of sunlight autotracking unit 1-5, arc reflection minute surface follows the tracks of sunlight automatic rotation always, under sunlight irradiates, produce sunlight deflectors focused radiation line 1-3, sunlight focus point 1-4 is concentrated on the heat affected zone, bottom of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2, the temperature of design heat affected zone sunlight focus point 1-4 is 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C.

As shown in Figure 3, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2 is high-pressure bottles, and the inlet that R245fa cold liquid 2-1, R245fa liquid 2-1 is equipped with in bottom is controlled automatically by electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23.R245fa liquid 2-1 produces the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of 4.5 ~ 5.5mPa after absorbing solar heat by heat affected zone, bottom.R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 is gathered in the top of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2, is delivered to respectively in salt eutectic phase-change regenerative system and Wang Shi cycle generating system by main high pressure steam steam transmitting pipe 3.

As shown in Figure 4, salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4 is high-pressure bottles of band thermal insulation layer, and entrance is provided with electric two-way valve 29-1, and outlet is provided with electronic proportional integral modulating valve 29-2.After the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C enters salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4, the eutectic salts heat-accumulating material 4-1 of Jie's temperature (82 DEG C ~ 164 DEG C) is faced in the different phase transformations be arranged in salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4, solid-liquid phase change occurs, and the form adding latent heat with sensible heat is stored up the partial heat of R245fa high pressure steam 2-2.The quantity of salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4 by annual 24 hours generating operating modes, do not shining upon period power generation needs heat calculation.Salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4 enters the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 flow exported with night, by electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23 and electronic proportional integral modulating valve 29-2 auto-adjustment control daytime.

As shown in Figure 5, in Wang Shi cycle generating system, in main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5, steam transmitting pipe bundle 5-1 is installed, steam transmitting pipe bundle 5-1 is made up of many seamless steel pipes.The two ends of main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5, be respectively equipped with import and the outlet of main high pressure steam steam transmitting pipe 3, on the top of main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5, be provided with high pressure steam transport tube 5-4, in the bottom of leading 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5, be provided with R245fa low pressure liquid and send pipe 22-1 and electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23.

Main 2 ~ 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 6,7,8 are identical with main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator structure, just on main 6,7,8 grades of high pressure steam generator tops, add high pressure steam transport tube 14-4,15-4, a 16-4 respectively, be connected with secondary 1 ~ 3 grade of high pressure steam generator respectively.

As shown in Figure 6, in secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, low pressure condensation steam exhaust pipe bundle 14-1 is installed, exhaust tube bank 14-1 is made up of many seamless steel pipes.On the top of secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, be provided with high pressure steam transport tube 14-4, be connected with main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 6.At the two ends of secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, be respectively equipped with low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 5-5 and 14-5, in the bottom of secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, be provided with R245fa low pressure liquid and send pipe 22-1 and electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23.

Secondary 2 ~ 4 grades of high pressure steam generators are identical with time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator structure, are connected by low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 14-5,15-5,16-5.In order to reduce the resistance of R245fa low pressure condensing steam, low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 5-5,14-5,15-5,16-5 caliber, strengthens respectively step by step.The caliber of R245fa low pressure condensing steam delivery trunk 18, is greater than all low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 5-5,14-5,15-5,16-5 calibers, to reduce on-way resistance, to meet the needs of R245fa flow velocity in low pressure condensing steam delivery trunk 18.

As shown in Figure 7, the structure of throttling expansion condenser 19, is similar to the structure of main high pressure steam generator, belongs to the category of dry type heat exchanger.On the top of throttling expansion condenser 19, orifice restrictors 18-1 is installed, is connected with R245fa low pressure condensing steam delivery trunk 18.In the inside of throttling expansion condenser 19, be provided with cooling water tube bank 19-1, cooling water tube bank 19-1 is made up of many seamless steel pipes., there is R245fa liquid delivery tube 22-1 the bottom of throttling expansion condenser 19, is connected with R245fa liquid liquid storage tank 21.The two ends of throttling expansion condenser 19, are respectively equipped with cooling water outlet and inlet, and cooling water intake is connected with cooling waterpump 20.R245fa liquid liquid storage tank 21 is connected with R245fa liquid circulation pump 22, R245fa liquid circulation pump 22 is connected with all electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23 of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system by R245fa liquid delivery tube 22-1, and R245fa Liquid transfer is entered in direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank and each primary and secondary level high pressure steam generator.

After having had said structure, the mode of execution of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is: after high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie 1 starts, runs, solar energy optical-thermal heat energy produces immediately.The solar energy optical-thermal of about 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C focuses on the heat affected zone, bottom of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2 from high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie 1, R245fa liquid 2-1 absorbs solar heat by heat affected zone, bottom, produces the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of 4.5 ~ 5.5mPa.R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 is gathered in the top of direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2, is delivered to respectively in salt eutectic phase-change regenerative system and Wang Shi cycle generating system carry out accumulation of heat, generating by main high pressure steam steam transmitting pipe 3.

As shown in Figure 2, enter the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of Wang Shi cycle generating system, first main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5 is entered, through steam transmitting pipe bundle 5-1, R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 heat is by each branch pipe wall of steam transmitting pipe bundle 5-1, steam heat is conducted to R245fa liquid 5-2, after R245fa liquid 5-2 absorbs heat, to there is liquid-vapour phase at Jie's temperature 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C and become facing, produce the R245fa high pressure steam 5-3 of 4.5 ~ 5.5mPa, R245fa high pressure steam 5-3 enters 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine 9 through high pressure steam transport tube 5-4, promote 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine 9 to operate, 1 grade of generator 9-1 is driven to generate electricity by 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine 9.Distribute according to 0.618 Fibonacci method, the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 heat that main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5 is assigned to is 61.8% of R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 total amount of heat.From 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine 9 R245fa high pressure steam 5-3 out, become low pressure R245fa condensing steam, through low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 5-5, enter time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, become the thermal source of time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14.Distributing according to 0.618 Fibonacci method, the heat from heat source that secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14 is assigned to, is 61.8% of the total condenser heat of low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine is discharged.Because the efficiency of 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine is 10%, so, the heat from heat source that secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14 is assigned to, equals R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 total amount of heat × 61.8% × (1-10%) × 61.8% that direct-evaporation-type steam generator produces.In order to make full use of R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 total amount of heat, high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is decided to be R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 total amount of heat 1 grade of generator power output and amounts to 61.8% of the total amount that generates electricity, the generating capacity of secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14 is decided to be 61.8% of low pressure R245fa condensing steam total generating capacity, and determines size and the specifications and models of main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator, 5,1 grade of (ORC) power turbine, 9,1 grade of generator 9-1 and secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14 with this.Then, then by 0.618 Fibonacci method, the size of specifications and models of main 2 ~ 4 grades of high pressure steam generators, 2 ~ 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines, 2 ~ 5 grades of generators and secondary 2 ~ 4 grades of high pressure steam generators is determined successively.

Because the structure of main 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator is substantially identical, the conversion process of energy of the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 circulatory system too.The R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C is after leading 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 5 internal consumption total heat heat of 61.8%, flow is constant, temperature drops to 284.28 DEG C ~ 360.45 DEG C by 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C, main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 6 are entered through R245fa high pressure steam steam transmitting pipe 3, R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 is by each branch pipe wall of steam transmitting pipe bundle 6-1, heat conduction to R245fa liquid 6-2, after R245fa liquid 6-2 absorbs heat, to there is liquid-vapour phase at Jie's temperature 284.28 DEG C ~ 360.45 DEG C and become facing, produce the R245fa high pressure steam 6-3 of 2.78 ~ 3.4mPa, R245fa high pressure steam 6-3 is identical with the R245fa high pressure steam 14-3 pressure produced from secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14, circulated by Wang Shi endless form, R245fa high pressure steam 6-3 and 14-3, in main 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 6 after mixing, 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines 10 are entered from high pressure steam transport tube 6-4, promote 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines 10 to operate, 2 grades of generator 10-1 are driven to generate electricity.

From the low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines 10 are discharged, time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15 are entered from low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 6-5, become the thermal source of time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15, because the efficiency of 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines is 10%, so, the heat from heat source entering time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15 equals to enter 90% (1-10%) × 61.8% of the R245fa high pressure steam 6-3 heat of 2 grades of (ORC) power turbines 10, and temperature is 175.6 DEG C ~ 222.75 DEG C.Simultaneously, to also have from secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 14 out, the R245fa low pressure condensing steam of 175.6 DEG C ~ 222.75 DEG C to enter through low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 14-5, also as the thermal source of secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15, this part heat from heat source equals 61.8% of the R245fa low pressure condensation steam heat entering time 1 grade of high pressure steam generator 15.Because two heat source temperatures entering time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15 are equal, pressure is also equal, so, the circulation of Wang Shi endless form can be carried out.R245fa low pressure liquid 15-2 in secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15, after absorption two heat from heat source, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce R245fa high pressure steam 15-3, the temperature of R245fa high pressure steam 15-3 is 175.6 DEG C ~ 222.75 DEG C, enters main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 7 from high pressure steam transport tube 15-4.Also main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 7 are entered from main 2 grades of high pressure steam generator 6 R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of 175.6 DEG C ~ 222.75 DEG C out, by each branch pipe wall of steam transmitting pipe bundle 7-1, heat conduction to R245fa liquid 7-2, after R245fa liquid 7-2 absorbs heat, to there is liquid-vapour phase at Jie's temperature 175.6 DEG C ~ 222.75 DEG C and become facing, produce the R245fa high pressure steam 7-3 of 1.72 ~ 2.1mPa, R245fa high pressure steam 7-3 is identical with the R245fa high pressure steam 15-3 pressure produced from secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators, circulated by Wang Shi endless form, in main 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 7 after mixing, 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines 11 are entered from high pressure steam transport tube 7-4, promote 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines 11 to operate, 3 grades of generator 11-1 are driven to generate electricity.

From the low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines 11 are discharged, time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16 are entered through low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 7-5, become the thermal source of time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16, because the efficiency of 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines 11 is 10%, so, the heat from heat source entering time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16 equals to enter 90% (1-10%) × 61.8% of the R245fa high pressure steam 7-3 heat of 3 grades of (ORC) power turbines 11, and temperature is 108.5 DEG C ~ 137.65 DEG C.Simultaneously, to also have from secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15 out, 108.5 DEG C ~ 137.65 DEG C low pressure condensing steams entering through low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 15-5, also as the thermal source of secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16, this part heat from heat source equals 61.8% of the R245fa low pressure condensation steam heat entering time 2 grades of high pressure steam generators 15.Because two heat source temperatures are equal, pressure is also equal, so, can be circulated by Wang Shi endless form, jointly enter time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16 as thermal source.R245fa refrigerant low pressure liquid 16-2 in secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16, after absorption R245fa two refrigerant low pressure condensation steam heats, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce the R245fa high pressure steam 16-3 of 1.05 ~ 1.3mPa, enter main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 8 from high pressure steam transport tube 16-4, the temperature of high pressure steam 16-3 is 108.5 DEG C ~ 137.65 DEG C.Main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 8 are entered from main 3 grades of high pressure steam generator 7 R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 of 108.5 DEG C ~ 137.65 DEG C out, by each branch pipe wall of steam transmitting pipe bundle 8-1, heat conduction to R245fa liquid 8-2, after R245fa liquid 8-2 absorbs heat, to there is liquid-vapour phase at Jie's temperature 108.5 DEG C ~ 137.65 DEG C and become facing, produce the R245fa high pressure steam 8-3 of 1.05 ~ 1.3mPa, R245fa high pressure steam 8-3 is identical with the R245fa high pressure steam 16-3 pressure produced from secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators, circulated by Wang Shi endless form, in main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 8 after mixing, 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines 12 are entered from high-pressure steam pipe 8-4, promote 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines 12 to operate, 4 grades of generator 12-1 are driven to generate electricity.

From the low pressure R245fa condensing steam that 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines 12 are discharged, time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17 are entered through low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 8-5, become the thermal source of time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17, because the efficiency of 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines 12 is 10%, so, the heat from heat source entering time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17 equals to enter 90% (1-10%) × 61.8% of the R245fa high pressure steam 8-3 heat of 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines 12, and temperature is 67 DEG C ~ 85.06 DEG C.Simultaneously, to also have from secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16 out, the R245fa low pressure condensing steam of 67 DEG C ~ 85.06 DEG C to enter through low pressure condensation vapor transmission pipe 16-5, also as the thermal source of secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17, this part heat from heat source equals 61.8% of the low pressure condensation steam heat entering time 3 grades of high pressure steam generators 16.Because two heat source temperatures are equal, pressure is also equal, so, can be circulated by Wang Shi endless form, jointly enter time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17 as thermal source.What enter time 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17 also has from leading 4 grades of R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 out, and temperature is 67 DEG C ~ 85.06 DEG C, becomes the 3rd thermal source.R245fa low pressure liquid 17-2 in secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators 17, after absorption three heat from heat source, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce high pressure steam 17-3, the temperature of high pressure steam 17-3 is 67 DEG C ~ 85.06 DEG C, pressure is 0.65 ~ 0.80mPa, enters 5 grades of (ORC) power turbines 13 from high-pressure steam pipe 17-4, promotes 5 grades of (ORC) power turbines 13 and operates, drives 5 grades of generator 13-1 to generate electricity.

From the R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 that main 1 grade of high pressure steam generator enters, circulate at main 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator, heat is absorbed step by step by the R245fa low pressure liquid led in 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce high pressure steam, promote 1 ~ 5 grade of (ORC) power turbine running, drive 1 ~ 5 grade of electrical power generators.Temperature reduces to 41 DEG C ~ 52.5 DEG C from 460 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C, and so completing a R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 thermal power transfer is power process; From the R245fa low pressure condensing steam of 284.2 DEG C ~ 339.9 DEG C that 1 grade of (ORC) power turbine 9 is discharged, after secondary 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator circulates step by step, heat is absorbed step by step by the R245fa low pressure liquid in secondary 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator, there is liquid-vapour phase to become, produce high pressure steam, enter main 2 ~ 4 grades of high pressure steam generators, after mixing with the R245fa high pressure steam in main 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator, promote 2 ~ 5 grades of (ORC) power turbine runnings, drive 2 ~ 5 grades of electrical power generators.Temperature reduces to 41 DEG C ~ 52.5 DEG C from 284.2 DEG C ~ 339.9 DEG C, so completes a R245fa low pressure condensation steam thermal energy and is converted to power process.

R245fa high pressure steam 2-2 and R245fa low pressure condensing steam are after passing through main 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator and time 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator, be merged into as R245fa low pressure steam, enter orifice restrictors 18-1 through low pressure condensation vapor transmission house steward 18.As accompanying drawing 7, shown in accompanying drawing 8, orifice restrictors 18-1 has many small aperture throttle pipes, according to " throttling refrigeration effect " principle of " Joule-Thomson " law, R245fa low pressure steam is after orifice restrictors 18-1 throttling, flow is constant, flow velocity increases, pressure reduces, then throttling expansion condenser 19 is entered, in throttling expansion condenser 19, R245fa low pressure steam volume expands suddenly, density diminishes, the exterior surface of each arm of 19-1 is restrained with cooling water, carry out heat exchange, absorb the cold of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C of cooling waters, produce Liquid-Vapor Phase Transition, liquid state is become from steam state, become low temperature, low pressure R245fa liquid.Low temperature, low pressure R245fa liquid enter R245fa liquid storage tank 21 from throttling expansion condenser 19 bottom, by R245fa liquid circulation pump 22 through R245fa indusion tube 22-1 and electronic proportional integral modulating valve 23, send each main in direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2, salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank and Wang Shi cycle generating system, secondary high pressure steam generator to, so complete a R245fa organic Rankine bottoming cycle (ORC) and Wang Shi circulation.

R245fa fluid Wang Shi cyclic process carries out under the condition of thermal insulation, and all devices of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system and equipment, have thermal insulation layer to be incubated.The thermal insulating material that thermal insulation layer is selected is hard polyurethane foam material or difficult combustion B ₁level insulating rubber plastic.The performance of thermal insulating material and grade, perform by NBS.

According to 0.618 Fibonacci method, generated energy and the generating capacity of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system calculate, by the following method for 1000KW solar light-heat power-generation station:

Solar light-heat power-generation station generated energy: 1000KW (ORC) power turbine engine efficiency 10%

1, the generating capacity of 1 grade of high pressure steam generator is led:

1000KW × 0.618=618KW (first setting)

2, the generating capacity of 2 grades of high pressure steam generators is led:

(1000-618)KW×0.618×10％=23.60KW

3, the generating capacity of 3 grades of high pressure steam generators is led:

(1000-618-23.60)KW×0.618×10％=22.15KW

4, the generating capacity of 4 grades of high pressure steam generators is led:

(1000-618-23.60-22.15)KW×0.618×10％=20.78KW

5, the generating capacity of 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator is led:

618+23.60+22.15+20.78=684.53KW

6, the generating capacity of secondary 1 grade of high pressure steam generator:

(1000-618) KW × 0.618 × (1-10%)=212.46KW (first setting)

7, the generating capacity of secondary 2 grades of high pressure steam generators:

(1000-618-212.46)KW×90％×0.618×10％=9.42KW

8, the generating capacity of secondary 3 grades of high pressure steam generators:

(1000-618-212.46-9.42)KW×90％×0.618×10％=8.90KW

9, the generating capacity of secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators equal three thermals source amount to generated energy sum total:

(1) the heat resource power generation amount, entered from secondary three grades:

(1000-618-212.46-9.42-8.90)KW×90％×0.618×10％=8.41KW

(2), from the heat resource power generation amount that 4 grades of (ORC) power turbines enter:

20.78KW×90％×10％＝1.87KW

(3), from main 4 grades of heat resource power generation amounts entered:

(1000-684.53)KW×10％=31.54KW

The generating capacity (5 grades of generator 12 generated energy) of secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators:

(8.41+1.87+31.54)KW×10％=4.18KW

10, the generating capacity of secondary 1 ~ 4 grade of high pressure steam generator:

212.46+9.42+8.90+4.18=234.96KW

11, the total generating capacity of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is:

(684.53+234.96)KW=919.49KW

12, the theoretical Generation Rate of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is:

919.49KW÷1000KW×100％=91.94％

13, the solar thermal utilization rate of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is:

(1000-8.41-1.87-31.54)KW÷1000KW×100％=95.82％

14, the last condenser heat of high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system is:

(8.41+1.87+31.54)KW=41.82KW

Calculate as can be seen from above, high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, circulated by Wang Shi, (ORC) power turbine engine efficiency brings up to 91.94% from 8 ~ 11%, reaches more than 8 times, and solar thermal utilization rate is 95.82%.

In above-mentioned high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, main control computer 28-1 in intelligent PLC control system 28, by temperature transducer 28-2, the information that pressure sensing 28-3 transmits, all the time to high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie 1, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator 2, salt eutectic phase-change heat-accumulator tank 4 in salt eutectic phase-change regenerative system and the master in Wang Shi cycle generating system 1 ~ 4 grade, secondary 1 ~ 4 grade of high-pressure generator, 1 ~ 5 grade of (ORC) power turbine, 1 ~ 5 grade of generator operation is monitored, record service data and running state, main control computer 28-1 is connected with change electric closet 25 by communication interface, grasp generating at any time, become distribution, transmission of electricity information, control to become electric closet 25 to work in order.Main control computer 28-1 can telecontrol, and operator also by being arranged on disc type thermometer 26, the pressure gauge 27 at each position, can implementing on-site supervision, ensureing that high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system normally runs.If break down and abnormal state in system a part, main control computer 28-1 alarm system can be reported to the police and be shown abort situation and failure cause, implements telecontrol, closes, stops associated components and equipment, prevent major break down from occurring, avoid major break down to occur.

Above-mentioned high light-focusing type photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type Wang Shi cycle generating system, owing to adopting Wang Shi cycle generating system, solar energy heat utilization efficiency is brought up to more than 95.82%, (ORC) power turbine engine efficiency is brought up to more than 91.94% from 8 ~ 11%, electricity price is reduced to 10% of photovoltaic electricity price, achieve the dream of solar energy at a low price generating, energy-conservation, reduce discharging a great pioneering work and innovation beyond doubt in sciemtifec and technical sphere.

Claims (5)

1. one kind high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, utilize the heat build-up of high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, the organic refrigerant of environment protection type is heated directly evaporate, produce high pressure refrigerant steam, enter the generating of positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, solar thermal energy is converted to the solar light-heat power-generation system of high-order electric energy at a low price, by: high concentrating solar heat-collecting devcie, direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator, eutectic salts regenerative system, positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, transformation and distribution system, PLC intelligent control system forms, it is characterized in that, positive fluid pressure cycle generating system is the power generation system of electric energy thermal power transfer, annexation between the constituent elements of positive fluid pressure cycle generating system is the " thermal source of the level Four main high pressure steam generator circulatory system, from the R245fa high pressure steam that direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator produces, the thermal source of the level Four secondary high pressure steam generator circulatory system, what wherein first three groups adopted is the heat of condensation leading the R245fa low pressure condensing steam that 1 grade of organic Rankine bottoming cycle power turbine is discharged, the thermal source of secondary 4 grades of high pressure steam generators, except the heat of condensation of the R245fa low pressure condensing steam of discharging except there being main 4 grades of organic Rankine bottoming cycle power turbines, also has the heat of condensation of the heat of main 4 grades of high pressure steam generators R245fa low pressure condensing steam out and the R245fa low pressure condensing steam of time 3 grades of high pressure steam generator discharges, totally three thermals source, these three thermals source finally become needs heat of condensation to be processed, the R245fa high pressure steam produced after liquid heat absorption in main n level high pressure steam generator (integer in n=2-4) is equal with the R245fa high-pressure steam pressure entering main n level high pressure steam generator from secondary n-1 level high pressure steam generator ".

2. high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, utilizes high pressure refrigerant vapor stream malleation circulating generation, positive fluid pressure circulation and the circulation of fluid pressure balance malleation.

3. high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, adopt 0.618 Fibonacci method, quantize heat energy and the generating capacity of R245fa steam generation in direct-evaporation-type high pressure steam generator.

4. high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, is provided with throttling expansion condenser, for cooling environment protection type organic refrigerant R245fa low pressure steam.

5. high concentrating solar photo-thermal direct-evaporation-type positive fluid pressure cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described positive fluid pressure cycle generating system, eutectic salts regenerative system is installed, utilize salt eutectic phase-change thermal storage effect, unnecessary heat storage is got up, for night and overcast and rainy generating.