CN103770625B - A kind of hybrid power vehicle double row planetary gear row's formula power coupling mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-planetary power coupling mechanism for a hybrid electric vehicle, comprising an engine, a planetary gear mechanism A, a planetary gear mechanism B, a motor A, a motor B, a clutch A, a clutch B, a clutch C, a brake A, a brake B, Gear I, Gear II and differential module. Planetary gear mechanism A is composed of sun gear A, planet carrier A, ring gear A and planet gear A. Planetary gear mechanism B is composed of sun gear B, planet carrier B, ring gear B and planetary gear B. The engine is connected to the planetary carrier A through the clutch A, and the planetary carrier A is connected to the ring gear B through the clutch B. By controlling the combination and release of clutches and brakes, the invention enables the hybrid vehicle to have multiple working modes, and at the same time can realize the adjustment of multiple gears, meets the requirements of complex driving conditions of the vehicle, and improves the working efficiency of the system.

Description

A dual planetary row power coupling mechanism for a hybrid electric vehicle

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile energy saving, and in particular relates to a dual planetary row power coupling mechanism of a hybrid electric automobile.

Background technique

With the increasingly serious problems of energy saving and environmental protection, new energy vehicles have attracted more and more attention. Pure electric vehicles are limited by battery technology and cannot completely replace traditional vehicles, and hybrid vehicles are currently a more appropriate choice as a transition. Since a hybrid electric vehicle has multiple power sources, it is necessary to add a power coupling mechanism to adjust the speed and torque of each power source. The selection of the power coupling mechanism is also directly related to the vehicle performance of the hybrid electric vehicle. According to different power coupling mechanisms, hybrid electric vehicles mainly have the following ways to realize the coupling output of multiple power sources: torque coupling, speed coupling, traction coupling and hybrid coupling. Among them, the hybrid coupling brings together the advantages of multiple coupling methods, can realize multiple working modes, and can realize the decoupling of engine speed and torque at the same time. At present, the most widely used hybrid coupling power coupling mechanism is the EVT type. Toyota of Japan, GM of the United States and Renault of France have conducted in-depth research on the dynamic coupling mechanism of the EVT configuration, and have also achieved certain results. Invention patent CN1336879A discloses a single planetary row power output device, which can realize two modes of series connection and parallel connection. US Patent No. 6,478,705B1 discloses a dual-mode EVT configuration power coupling mechanism, which enables the power coupling system to have two forms of input split flow and output split flow, and improves the efficiency of the traditional system.

The development of modern integration technology has put forward higher requirements for the power coupling system of hybrid electric vehicles. Under the basic functions of power coupling and energy feedback, the power coupling mechanism needs to be able to realize stepless speed change and work in more working modes. In this way, the structure of the transmission system is more compact, the impact of mode switching is reduced, and the comfort, power and fuel economy of the vehicle are improved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid power coupling mechanism, by controlling the combination and release of the clutch and brake, the hybrid electric vehicle has multiple driving modes, and at the same time realizes the continuously variable speed function, and improves the requirements of the hybrid electric vehicle in different working conditions Lower power and fuel economy.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the double planetary row type power coupling mechanism of the hybrid electric vehicle is composed of an engine, a planetary gear mechanism A, a planetary gear mechanism B, a motor A, a motor B, a clutch A, a clutch B, a clutch C. Brake A, brake B, gear I, gear II and differential module.

Planetary gear mechanism A includes sun gear A, planetary carrier A, ring gear A and planetary gear A; planetary gear mechanism B includes sun gear B, planetary carrier B, ring gear B and planetary gear B; four planetary gears A with the same structure Evenly distributed on the circumference of the same distance from the center axis of planet carrier A, and empty sleeves on the planet carrier A; four planetary gears B with the same structure are evenly distributed on the circumference of the same distance from the center axis of planet carrier B, and empty sleeves On the planetary carrier B; the output shaft of the engine is coaxially connected with the planetary carrier A through the clutch A, and the transmission and interruption of the engine power to the power coupling mechanism are realized by controlling the combination and release of the clutch A; the sun gear A and the sun gear B are the same The shafts are arranged, but they rotate independently; the planetary carrier A is connected to the ring gear B through the clutch B, and the power transmission from the front planetary gear mechanism A to the rear planetary gear mechanism B is realized by controlling the combination and release of the clutch B. Interruption; the ring gear A is connected to the sun gear B through the clutch C, and the power transmission and interruption of the power from the front planetary gear mechanism A to the rear planetary gear mechanism B are realized by controlling the combination and release of the clutch C; the brake A and the ring gear A Connected to brake the ring gear A; brake B is connected to the planet carrier B to realize the braking and release of the planet carrier B.

Motor A includes motor rotor A and motor stator A; motor B includes motor rotor B and motor stator B; motor stator A and motor stator B are fixed on the casing of the power coupling mechanism and cannot move; among them, motor rotor A and the sun gear A is coaxially fixedly connected and rotates with sun gear A; motor rotor B is coaxially fixedly connected with sun gear B and rotates with sun gear B; gear I is coaxially fixedly connected with ring gear B, and gear I meshes with gear II , whose radius is smaller than that of gear II to realize the deceleration function; gear II is fixed on the housing of the differential module, and the output shaft of the differential module transmits power to the driving wheels.

When the motor participates in the driving of the hybrid electric vehicle, it can be driven by motor B alone, or jointly driven by motor A and motor B; when regenerative braking is performed, motor B can work alone or jointly with motor A.

The present invention can realize the input of different power sources by independently controlling each clutch and brake, so that the hybrid electric vehicle can work in parallel mode, series mode or hybrid mode, and the engine speed and driving wheel speed can be adjusted accordingly. The decoupling or coupling has different gears in different driving modes, and at the same time realizes the continuously variable transmission function, so that the engine can work in the high-efficiency range according to the demand. For example, when the engine is driving, the clutch C can be released by combining the brake A, brake B, clutch A and clutch B, so that the engine can directly drive the wheels. When the clutch A is combined to control the combination and release of the remaining clutches and brakes, The stepless speed change when the engine is driven alone can be realized, so the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) There are various working modes, and the stepless speed regulation function of the power coupling mechanism is realized on the basis of various gear adjustments, which makes the structure of the traditional hybrid system more compact.

(2) In the driving mode of the motor alone, the engine alone or the two mixed drive modes, the power coupling mechanism can have different gears by controlling the clutch and brake, avoiding the adjustment of the engine work by simply relying on the planetary gear mechanism to adjust the motor speed speed, reducing the capacity demand on the motor.

(3) The direct gear drive of the engine can be realized, which improves the working efficiency of the engine.

(4) According to the braking force requirements of the vehicle, the power coupling mechanism is made to work in different gears, which improves the braking efficiency of the system and the efficiency of recovering braking energy.

(5) Enable the hybrid electric vehicle to work in series mode, parallel mode and hybrid mode, which improves the working efficiency of the system, and can realize the decoupling of the engine, motor A and motor B to the speed of the driving wheel, and avoid the power source working at high speed In the mode, the life of each component of the powertrain is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dual-planetary power coupling mechanism for a hybrid vehicle of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of clutch and brake operating states under some operating modes of the present invention and corresponding modes;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route in the parking charging mode;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of pure electric mode I;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission routes of pure electric modes II and III;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the pure electric mode IV power transmission route;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the engine driving mode I;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the engine driving mode II;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of combined driving mode I;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the combined driving mode II;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the joint drive mode III;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of combined drive mode IV;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of regenerative braking mode I;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route in regenerative braking mode II;

In the figure: 1. Engine; 2. Clutch A; 3. Planet carrier A; 4. Planetary gear A; 5. Ring gear A; 6. Motor stator A; 7. Motor rotor A; 8. Brake B; 9. Gear Ring B; 10. Planetary gear B; 11. Sun gear B; 12. Motor stator B; 13. Gear I; 14. Motor rotor B; 15. Differential module; 16. Gear II; 17. Clutch C; 18 19. Brake A; 20. Clutch B; 21. Sun gear A; 100. Planetary gear mechanism A; 200. Planetary gear mechanism B; 300. Motor A; 400. Motor B.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments described in the present invention are only a part of the embodiments, which are specific descriptions of the technical solution, and should not be regarded as the whole of the present invention.

As shown in accompanying drawing 1, the present invention provides a kind of double planetary row type power coupling mechanism of hybrid electric vehicle, the output shaft of engine 1 is coaxially connected with planetary carrier A3 through clutch A2; Planetary gear mechanism A100 comprises sun gear A21, planetary carrier A3, ring gear A5 and planetary gear A4; planetary gear mechanism B200 includes sun gear B11, planetary carrier B18, ring gear B9 and planetary gear B10; among them, four planetary gears A4 with the same structure are evenly distributed to the central axis of planetary carrier A3 On a circle with equal distances, and empty on the planetary carrier A3; four planetary gears B10 with the same structure are evenly distributed on a circle with equal distances from the central axis of the planetary carrier B18, and empty on the planetary carrier B18; sun gear A21 It is coaxially arranged with the sun gear B11; the planet carrier A3 is connected with the ring gear B9 through the clutch B20; the ring gear A5 is connected with the sun gear B11 through the clutch C17.

The motor A300 includes the motor rotor A7 and the motor stator A6; the motor B400 includes the motor rotor B14 and the motor stator B12; the motor stator A6 and the motor stator B12 are fixed on the housing of the power coupling mechanism; the motor rotor A7 is coaxially fixedly connected with the sun gear A21 ; The motor rotor B14 is coaxially fixedly connected with the sun gear B11. The brake A19 is connected with the ring gear A5 for braking the ring gear A5; the brake B8 is connected with the planet carrier B18 to realize braking and release of the planet carrier B18.

Gear I13 meshes with gear II16, and the radius of gear I13 is smaller than that of gear II16 to realize the deceleration function; gear I13 is coaxially connected with ring gear B9; gear II16 is fixed on the housing of differential module 15, and the differential The output shaft of the module 15 transmits power to the drive wheels.

When the motor participates in the driving of the hybrid electric vehicle, it can be driven by the motor B400 alone, or jointly driven by the motor A300 and the motor B400; when regenerative braking is performed, the motor A300 and the motor B400 can work alone or at the same time. By independently controlling each clutch and brake, different power sources can be input, so that the hybrid electric vehicle can work in different working modes and have different gears. Part of the operating modes listed in the present invention and the operating states of the clutches and brakes in the corresponding modes are shown in Figure 2.

The specific working mode of the present invention is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

(1) Parking charging mode

When the vehicle is stationary but the battery power is insufficient, the engine needs to charge the battery, the clutch A2 and the brake A19 are combined, only the motor A300 works in generator mode to charge the battery, and the motor B400 does not participate in the work; the clutch B20 , clutch C17 and brake B8 are loosened, the ring gear A5 is fixed, the rotational speed of the motor A300 is proportional to the rotational speed of the engine, and the power transmission route in the parking charging mode is shown in Figure 3.

(2) Pure electric mode

The present invention preferably enumerates four connection modes of the power coupling mechanism when the hybrid vehicle works in pure electric mode: in mode I, the clutch A2, the clutch B20, the clutch C17 and the brake A19 are all released, and the brake B8 is combined. At this time, only the motor B400 drives the car, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 4; in mode II, the clutch A2, clutch C17 and brake B8 are all released, and the clutch B20 and brake A19 are all combined. At this time, the motor A300 and the motor B400 jointly drive the car, and the speed of the driving wheel is the same as The speed of the motor A300 is directly related, and the speed can be adjusted steplessly by adjusting the speed of the motor A300; in mode III, the clutch A2, clutch C17 and brake A19 are all released, and the clutch B20 and brake B8 are combined. At this time, the motor A300 and the motor B400 are jointly driven For automobiles, the rotation speed of the driving wheel is directly related to the rotation speed of the motor B400, and the speed can be adjusted steplessly by adjusting the rotation speed of the motor B400; when the hybrid electric vehicle works in pure electric mode II and mode III, the power transmission route is shown in Figure 5. In mode IV, clutch A2, brake A19 and brake B8 are all released, clutch B20 and clutch C17 are combined, motor A300 and motor B400 jointly drive the vehicle, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 6. When the vehicle speed is low or the vehicle is started, in order to avoid the engine 1 from working in the low-efficiency zone, it can work in the pure electric mode at this time. When the engine 1 works in the pure electric mode, modes Ⅰ to Ⅳ provide different gears and power input torques , to meet the power performance of the hybrid vehicle when it is started and driven at a low speed, and at the same time, the motor itself can realize the function of stepless speed regulation, which greatly improves the fuel economy of the hybrid vehicle.

(3) Engine driving mode

The present invention preferably enumerates two connection modes of the power coupling mechanism when the hybrid vehicle is driven by the engine alone: in mode I, the clutch A2, the clutch B20, the clutch C17 and the brake B8 are all combined, the brake A19 is released, and the power transmission route is as follows: Fig. 7: In mode II, the clutch A2, the clutch B20, the brake B8 and the brake A19 are all combined, the clutch C17 is released, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 8. Working mode I and mode II when the engine 1 is driven alone, the speed of the engine 1 is coupled with the speed of the driving wheel, so the engine 1 should not work at a low speed. When the car is cruising at a high speed, at this time If the engine 1 works in the high-efficiency zone, it can be driven by the engine 1 alone.

(4) Joint drive mode

The present invention preferably enumerates four connection modes of the power coupling mechanism when the hybrid vehicle works in the combined drive mode: in mode I, the clutch A2, the brake A19 and the brake B8 are all combined, and the clutch B20 and the clutch C17 are all released. The power vehicle works in series, and the engine 1 is not coupled with the speed of the driving wheels. Even when the speed of the driving wheels is low, the engine 1 can also work in the high-efficiency range. The power transmission route is shown in Figure 9; in mode II, clutch A2 and clutch B20 are combined with brake B8, and both clutch C17 and brake A19 are released. At this time, motor A300 and engine 1 are jointly driven, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 10; in mode III, clutch A2, clutch B20 and clutch C17 are all combined, and brake B8 and the brake A19 are both released, at this time it is jointly driven by the motor B400 and the engine 1, and the power transmission route is shown in Figure 11; both mode II and mode III are suitable for acceleration conditions, and the motor A300 or motor B400 is used for auxiliary acceleration; mode IV Both clutch A2 and clutch B20 are combined, and clutch C17, brake A19 and brake B8 are released. At this time, the hybrid vehicle generally works in the full acceleration mode or the highest speed mode, and is jointly driven by the motor A300, the motor B400 and the engine 1. , the power transmission route is shown in Figure 12. In the joint drive mode, Mode I~Mode IV can realize different transmission ratios and different power source inputs to meet the different driving conditions of HEVs.

On the other hand, when a hybrid vehicle works in the single-engine driving mode or combined driving mode, it can realize the driving power generation function, that is, the excess power when the engine 1 is driven drives the motor A300 or motor B400, so that the motor works as a generator , to charge the battery.

(5) Regenerative braking mode

The present invention preferably enumerates two connection modes of the power coupling mechanism during regenerative braking of hybrid electric vehicles: in mode I, the clutch A2, clutch B20, clutch C17 and brake A19 are all released, and the brake B8 is combined. At this time, the power coupling mechanism is connected The connection method is the same as that of a hybrid vehicle in pure electric mode I, but the power transmission route is changed. The power is transmitted from the driving wheel to the motor B400, and only the regenerative braking energy is recovered by the motor B400. The motor A300 does not participate in the work, and the power transmission The route is shown in Figure 13; in mode II, both clutch A2 and clutch C17 are released, and clutch B20, brake A19 and brake B8 are combined. At this time, the motor and motor 300 and motor B400 are all involved in the recovery of braking energy. The power transmission route is as follows: Figure 14.

Claims (1)

1. A dual planetary row type power coupling mechanism for hybrid electric vehicles, comprising engine (1), planetary gear mechanism A (100), planetary gear mechanism B (200), motor A (300), motor B (400), clutch A (2), clutch B (20), clutch C (17), brake A (19), brake B (8), gear I (13), gear II (16) and differential module (15); It is characterized in that: the output shaft of the engine (1) is coaxially connected with the planet carrier A (3) through the clutch A (2); the planetary gear mechanism A (100) includes a sun gear A (21), a planet carrier A ( 3), ring gear A (5) and planetary gear A (4); described planetary gear mechanism B (200) includes sun gear B (11), planet carrier B (18), ring gear B (9) and planetary gear B (10); the sun gear A (21) and the sun gear B (11) are coaxially arranged; four planetary gears A (4) with the same structure are evenly distributed at the same distance from the central axis of the planet carrier A (3) Circumference, and empty on the planetary carrier A (3); four planetary gears B (10) with the same structure are evenly distributed on the circumference of the same distance from the center axis of the planetary carrier B (18), and empty on the planetary carrier On B(18); the planet carrier A(3) is connected to the ring gear B(9) through the clutch B(20); the ring gear A(5) is connected to the sun gear B(11) through the clutch C(17) connection; the motor A (300) includes a motor rotor A (7) and a motor stator A (6); the motor B (400) includes a motor rotor B (14) and a motor stator B (12); the motor stator A (6) and the motor stator B (12) are fixed on the housing of the power coupling mechanism; the motor rotor A (7) is coaxially fixedly connected with the sun gear A (21); the motor rotor B (14) is connected with the The sun gear B (11) is coaxially fixedly connected; the brake A (19) is connected with the ring gear A (5), the brake B (8) is connected with the planet carrier B (18); the gear I (13) is connected with the gear II (16) are meshed, and the radius of the gear I (13) is smaller than the radius of the gear II (16), the gear I (13) is coaxially connected with the ring gear B (9); the gear II (16) is fixed on the differential On the casing of the transmission module (15), the output shaft of the differential module (15) transmits power to the drive wheels.