CN103762758A - Rotor magnet-gathering type horizontal magnetic-flow permanent-magnet disc wind driven generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotor magnetic concentration type transverse magnetic flux permanent disk type wind power generator, which comprises a whole stator and a whole rotor. The stator as a whole includes two sets of stator cores and two sets of annular armature windings. Each set of stator cores is composed of stator yokes and stator teeth. The stator teeth form stator inner teeth and stator outer teeth in the radial direction, and the stator inner and outer teeth interact with each other along the circumferential direction. Staggered, separated by a permanent magnet in the circumferential direction, and the inner and outer teeth of the stator form stator slots in the radial direction, and the annular armature windings are placed in the slots. The two sets of annular armature windings can be connected in series or in parallel; the rotor The whole is composed of N pieces of rotor cores and N pieces of permanent magnets, the rotor cores and permanent magnets are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the magnetic pole directions of the adjacent permanent magnets in the circumferential direction are opposite along the circumferential direction, where N≥2. The invention can avoid the invalid working area of the permanent magnet, improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnet of the motor, and increase the power density of the motor.

Description

Rotor Concentrated Transverse Flux Permanent Disk Wind Turbine

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of motors, and in particular relates to a rotor magnetism gathering type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator.

Background technique

The intensification of the energy crisis restricts the improvement of the global economy and threatens the sustainable development of human society. The vigorous development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy has become an important part of the energy development strategy of most countries in the world. Compared with other forms of renewable energy, wind power has the highest maturity and the best economy. It is estimated that by 2020, the total installed capacity of wind power in the world will reach 760GW, and China will have about 230GW. The development momentum is rapid and the development and utilization prospects are broad. Wind generator (Wind Generator) is the key core equipment of wind power system, and its electrical and mechanical performance directly affects the efficiency of wind power energy conversion as well as the cost and reliability of the system.

Due to the low speed of wind turbines, the small and medium power is dozens to hundreds of rpm, and the MW class is only a dozen rpm. According to the principle of the motor, to achieve a certain power, the diameter of the motor must be reduced, and its Volume and weight, it is necessary to significantly increase the electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force is proportional to the magnetic flux and current. In the traditional radial flux and axial flux motors, the iron core that guides the magnetic flux and the wire that conducts the current are in the same plane. When the diameter of the motor is constant, the area of the iron core and the wire that conduct the current are in the same plane. Large conductor cross-sectional areas are contradictory. Fortunately, Transverse Flux Motor (TFM) can solve this problem. Its armature winding is completely decoupled from the main magnetic circuit in structure, so the coil window and magnetic circuit size can be independently adjusted according to needs to determine Electric and magnetic loads of the motor, so that a high torque density can be obtained.

In recent years, although many institutions at home and abroad have done a lot of research work on transverse flux generators, there are still some problems that need to be improved and solved urgently. For example, Dr. D. Svechkarenko of KTH University in Sweden proposed a new type of large-capacity transverse flux permanent magnet generator suitable for wind power generation. Calculation studies show that the motor has a high power factor, but the structure is extremely complicated and the manufacturing The process and cost are relatively high; Dr. Liu Zhemin of Shenyang University of Technology also conducted research on the application of permanent magnet transverse flux motors in the field of low-speed wind power generation, improved the structure of the stator core of transverse flux motors, and simplified its manufacturing process, but the motor The permanent magnet and space utilization rate are low; Professor Lin Heyun of Southeast University proposed a new type of magnetism-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind generator, which improves the space utilization rate of the motor, but the utilization rate of the permanent magnet needs to be further improved . In short, the existing transverse flux permanent magnet motors or permanent magnets and motors have low space utilization, or the manufacturing process is complicated, the material cost is high, or the effective length ratio of the armature winding of the motor is not high. There is still room for improvement.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of permanent magnets, increase the power density of the motor, improve the flux waveform of the motor, and reduce the positioning of the motor moment.

The technical solution that realizes the object of the present invention is:

A rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator, including a whole stator and a whole rotor, the whole stator includes two sets of stator cores and two sets of ring-shaped armature windings, the stator cores are ring-shaped, and each set of stator cores is composed of a stator Yoke and stator teeth, the stator teeth include stator inner teeth and stator outer teeth in the radial direction, there are stator slots between the inner teeth and outer teeth, and the inner and outer teeth are interlaced; a group of annular armature windings are arranged in the above stator slots Among them, two sets of annular armature windings are arranged in series or in parallel; the rotor is placed between two sets of stator cores as a whole, and the rotor as a whole includes N rotor cores and N permanent magnets, where N≥2, N rotor cores and N Two permanent magnets are arranged in a staggered manner to form a ring structure. The magnetic pole directions of adjacent permanent magnets in the circumferential direction of the ring are opposite along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the inner teeth and the outer teeth in the circumferential direction is the length of a permanent magnet in the circumferential direction.

Along the axial direction, three sets of integral stators and three sets of integral rotors are arranged in parallel, each set includes two sets of stator cores, two sets of annular armature windings, N rotor cores and N permanent magnets, where N≥2, and each set The rotors as a whole have a difference of 120 degrees electrical angle to form a three-phase wind turbine.

Along the axial direction, three sets of stators and three sets of rotors are arranged in parallel, each set includes two sets of stator cores, two sets of annular armature windings, N rotor cores and N permanent magnets, where N≥2, so that each set of stators The overall difference is 120 degrees electrical angle, forming a three-phase wind turbine.

A generator with 2N poles has 2N rotor cores, N stator inner teeth and N stator outer teeth per phase.

The rotor cores above are made of soft magnetic composite material and have the same size. The above-mentioned stator cores are made of soft magnetic composite material and have the same size. The permanent magnet material is NdFeB.

The overall position of the stator and the rotor of the generator can be interchanged to form a structural form of an outer rotor and an inner stator.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages:

1. Permanent magnets are placed in the rotor iron core of the rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator of the present invention, forming a structure in which the rotor iron core and the permanent magnets are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent rotor iron cores in the circumferential direction The magnetization direction of the permanent magnets is opposite along the circumferential direction. Combining the structural characteristics of the staggered arrangement of the inner and outer teeth of the adjacent two sets of stator cores, the ineffectiveness of the permanent magnets can be avoided, thereby improving the utilization rate of the permanent magnets of the motor, and to a certain extent. The power density of the motor.

2. The size of each stator core of the motor is the same, and the size of each rotor core is also the same, and they are all processed by soft magnetic composite materials. Ring-shaped stator slots are formed between the inner and outer teeth of each group of stator cores, and the ring-shaped stator windings are placed in the slots to form a whole stator; the rotor cores and permanent magnets are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction to form a whole rotor. Since the stator and rotor cores are made of soft magnetic composite materials, it is beneficial for the magnetic circuit to pass through in the three-dimensional direction, and it is convenient for the design, processing and manufacture of the motor.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram (single-phase) of a rotor-concentrated transverse flux permanent disk wind turbine.

Fig. 2 shows the main flux of the rotor-concentrating transverse-flux permanent-disk wind turbine at time t ₀ .

Fig. ₃ shows the main flux of the rotor-concentrated transverse flux permanent disk wind turbine at time t1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Combining Figures 1 to 3, for a single-phase internal rotor generator, the solid model of the rotor magnetism-concentrating transverse flux permanent disk wind turbine is mainly composed of the following parts: two sets of stator cores 1, N blocks It consists of a permanent magnet 2, N rotor cores 3, and two sets of armature windings 4, where N≥2. The two sets of stator cores 1 have the same size and are placed opposite to each other in mirror images. They are made of soft magnetic composite materials. The stator core 1 forms stator inner teeth and stator outer teeth in the radial direction, and the inner and outer teeth of the stator are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction. The length of a permanent magnet 2 in the circumferential direction; the armature winding 4 adopts a concentrated annular winding, and is placed in the stator slot formed by the inner and outer teeth of the stator core 1, and two sets of annular armature windings 4 are connected in series; the rotor The permanent magnet 2 is embedded in the middle of the iron core 3, and the permanent magnet 3 is formed along the circumferential direction, and the rotor core 2 is arranged in sequence to form a ring-shaped rotor as a whole. Made of composite materials, each rotor core 3 and permanent magnet 2 have the same size, simple structure, and the permanent magnet 3 in the rotor is made of NdFeB material.

Example 2

For a single-phase external rotor generator, the solid model of the rotor-concentrated transverse flux permanent disk wind turbine is mainly composed of the following parts: two sets of stator cores 1, two sets of armature windings 4 and two sets of The rotor as a whole, wherein each set of rotors as a whole includes N permanent magnets 2 and N rotor cores 3, where N≥2. The two sets of stator cores 1 have the same size, are placed back to back inside the motor, and are made of soft magnetic composite materials. The stator core 1 forms stator inner teeth and stator outer teeth in the radial direction, and the stator inner and outer teeth are staggered along the circumferential direction. , separated by the length of a permanent magnet 2 in the circumferential direction; the armature winding 4 adopts a centralized annular winding, and is placed in the stator slot formed by the inner and outer teeth of the stator core 1, and the two sets of annular armature windings 4 are connected in parallel The two groups of rotors are placed on the outside of the motor as a whole, and the mirror images are consistent. In each group of rotors, the middle of the rotor core 3 is embedded with a permanent magnet 2, forming a ring-shaped rotor in the form of permanent magnets 3 and rotor cores 2 arranged in the circumferential direction. As a whole, the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets 2 are opposite along the circumferential direction, and the rotor core 3 is made of soft magnetic composite materials. NdFeB material.

Operating principle:

The rotor-concentrating transverse-flux permanent-disk wind-driven generator generates a changing magnetic field in the ring armature winding 4 through rotation, thereby inducing a changing electric potential to realize AC operation. At time t ₀ shown in Figure 2, the magnetic flux direction of the annular armature winding 5 in the stator slot is a closed loop formed by stator outer teeth→stator yoke→stator inner teeth→rotor core→permanent magnets; when shown in Figure 3 At _time t1 , the magnetic flux direction of the annular armature winding 5 in the stator slot is a closed loop formed by stator inner teeth → stator yoke → stator outer teeth → rotor core → permanent magnet; therefore, in two sets of annular armature windings 4 Therefore, connecting two sets of annular armature windings in series or in parallel can obtain the induced potential generated by all permanent magnets 2 .

The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk wind turbine can effectively use the permanent magnet 2, improve the power density of the motor, and reduce the use cost of the permanent magnet 2; the structure of the stator core 1 and the rotor core 3 is relatively simple, and both It can be processed by soft magnetic composite material, which can effectively reduce the cost of processing and manufacturing and improve the power factor of the motor.

Claims (8)

1. A rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator, characterized in that: it includes a stator as a whole and a rotor as a whole, and the stator as a whole includes two sets of stator cores (1) and two sets of annular armature windings (4), The stator core (1) is ring-shaped, and each set of stator cores (1) is composed of a stator yoke and stator teeth. The stator teeth include stator inner teeth and stator outer teeth in the radial direction, and a stator slot is provided between the inner teeth and the outer teeth. The inner and outer teeth are interlaced; a set of annular armature windings (4) is arranged in the above stator slot, and the two sets of annular armature windings (4) are arranged in series or in parallel; the rotor is placed in two sets of stator cores (1) Among them, the rotor as a whole includes N rotor cores (3) and N permanent magnets (2), where N≥2, N rotor cores (3) and N permanent magnets (2) are arranged alternately to form a ring structure, The magnetic pole directions of adjacent permanent magnets (2) in the circumferential direction of the ring are opposite along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the inner teeth and the outer teeth in the circumferential direction is the length of a permanent magnet (2) in the circumferential direction. 2. The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: along the axial direction, three sets of integral stators and three sets of integral rotors are arranged in parallel, and each set includes two sets of stator cores (1), two sets of annular armature windings (4), N rotor cores (3) and N permanent magnets (2), where N≥2, and make each set of rotors have an electrical angle of 120 degrees as a whole, forming three phases Wind Turbines. 3. The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: along the axial direction, three sets of integral stators and three sets of integral rotors are arranged in parallel, and each set includes two sets of stator cores (1), two sets of annular armature windings (4), N rotor cores (3) and N permanent magnets (2), where N≥2, so that each set of stators as a whole has an electrical angle difference of 120 degrees, forming a three-phase wind force dynamo. 4. The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk wind power generator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: each phase of the generator with 2N poles has 2N rotor cores (3), N Stator inner teeth and N stator outer teeth. 5. The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the rotor cores (3) are made of soft magnetic composite materials and have the same size. 6. The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the stator cores (1) are made of soft magnetic composite materials and have the same size. 7. The rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the material of the permanent magnet (2) is NdFeB. 8. According to claim 1, 2 or 3, the rotor magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent disk type wind power generator is characterized in that: the position of the stator as a whole and the rotor as a whole of the generator can be interchanged to form an outer rotor and an inner stator structural form.

Images