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CN103754381B - A kind of many lens aerial photography stable platforms - Google Patents

A kind of many lens aerial photography stable platforms Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103754381B
CN103754381B CN201410032744.1A CN201410032744A CN103754381B CN 103754381 B CN103754381 B CN 103754381B CN 201410032744 A CN201410032744 A CN 201410032744A CN 103754381 B CN103754381 B CN 103754381B
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camera
module
platform
shell
rotating assembly
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CN103754381A (en
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徐鹏
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Guangzhou Redbird Helicopter Remote Sensing Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多镜头航空摄影稳定平台,包括吊臂机构、摄像平台、陀螺仪、设置在摄像平台内的相机和摄影控制装置;所述吊臂机构包括第一转动组件,并通过该第一转动组件与摄像平台连接;所述摄像平台内设有第二转动组件,控制该摄像平台在同时垂直于水平面和第一转动平面的第二转动平面上转动;所述陀螺仪设置在摄像平台上,并与第一转动组件和第二转动组件电连接。所述摄影控制装置包括:主控模块、传输模块、电源模块和传感器。相对于现有技术,本发明多镜头航空摄影稳定平台,能够自动控制数码相机曝光,同时控制摄影图片实时高速传输,能够高效、快速地传输和切换。

The invention discloses a multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform, which comprises a boom mechanism, a camera platform, a gyroscope, a camera and a photography control device arranged in the camera platform; the boom mechanism includes a first rotating assembly, and the The first rotating assembly is connected with the imaging platform; the second rotating assembly is arranged in the imaging platform, and the imaging platform is controlled to rotate on the second rotating plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the first rotating plane; the gyroscope is arranged on the imaging platform on the platform, and is electrically connected with the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly. The photography control device includes: a main control module, a transmission module, a power supply module and a sensor. Compared with the prior art, the multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform of the present invention can automatically control the exposure of digital cameras, and at the same time control the real-time high-speed transmission of photographic pictures, and can efficiently and quickly transmit and switch.

Description

一种多镜头航空摄影稳定平台A multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种多镜头航空摄影稳定平台,特别是一种适合于小型低空遥感无人机的稳定平台。The invention relates to a multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform, in particular to a stabilization platform suitable for small low-altitude remote sensing drones.

背景技术Background technique

无人机低空遥感系统在实现影像图制作的基础上,正在向摄影测量立体测图专用领域发展。依据航空摄影测量规范,用于摄影测量的无人机航空摄影系统对有效载荷的姿态稳定度有着严格的量化要求。而飞机在航摄时会受到机体震动和空中杂散气流的影响,有效载荷会随之改变摄影姿态,造成航摄漏洞以及摄影测量交会角过小等严重问题。UAV low-altitude remote sensing system is developing into the special field of photogrammetry and stereo mapping on the basis of realizing image map production. According to the aerial photogrammetry specification, the UAV aerial photography system used for photogrammetry has strict quantitative requirements on the attitude stability of the payload. However, the aircraft will be affected by body vibration and stray airflow in the air during aerial photography, and the payload will change the photographic attitude accordingly, causing serious problems such as aerial photography loopholes and too small intersection angles in photogrammetry.

除了机身不稳定的因素外,影响航拍获取高质量影像的因素有很多,例如针对不同的地形地貌的拍摄,若不调整相机参数,采用统一的感光度、分辨率和快门速度进行拍摄,势必会得到不同的图像质量。而目前尚未出现对无人机机载相机进行自动调节和控制的装置,使得相机在不同环境条件下,针对不同地形地貌无法自动调节其参数设置,导致无人机航拍影像质量不理想。In addition to the unstable factors of the fuselage, there are many factors that affect the acquisition of high-quality images in aerial photography. Different image quality will be obtained. At present, there is no automatic adjustment and control device for the UAV airborne camera, which makes the camera unable to automatically adjust its parameter settings for different terrain and landforms under different environmental conditions, resulting in unsatisfactory aerial image quality of the UAV.

针对上述问题,现有技术中通过使用独立的稳定平台实现无人机有效载荷的增稳控制。该平台式稳定系统具有精度高计算简单响应快的优点。但是现有技术中的独立的稳定平台存在体积大、机械结构复杂、补偿范围小和价格昂贵的缺点;同时,独立的稳定平台一般仅适用于大型军用高端无人机。In view of the above problems, in the prior art, the stabilization control of the payload of the UAV is realized by using an independent stable platform. The platform-type stabilization system has the advantages of high precision, simple calculation and fast response. However, the independent stable platform in the prior art has the disadvantages of large volume, complex mechanical structure, small compensation range and high price; at the same time, the independent stable platform is generally only suitable for large-scale military high-end unmanned aerial vehicles.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足,提供一种多镜头航空摄影稳定平台。The invention aims to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform.

本发明是通过以下的技术方案实现的:The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种多镜头航空摄影稳定平台,包括吊臂机构、摄像平台、陀螺仪、设置在摄像平台内的相机和摄影控制装置;A multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform, comprising a boom mechanism, a camera platform, a gyroscope, a camera and a photography control device arranged in the camera platform;

所述吊臂机构包括第一转动组件,并通过该第一转动组件与摄像平台连接,控制摄像平台在垂直于水平面的第一转动平面上转动;The boom mechanism includes a first rotating assembly, and is connected with the camera platform through the first rotating assembly, and controls the camera platform to rotate on the first rotating plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane;

所述摄像平台内设有第二转动组件,控制该摄像平台在同时垂直于水平面和第一转动平面的第二转动平面上转动;The imaging platform is provided with a second rotating assembly, which controls the imaging platform to rotate on a second rotating plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the first rotating plane;

所述陀螺仪设置在摄像平台上,并与第一转动组件和第二转动组件电连接,控制第一转动组件和第二转动组件的工作;The gyroscope is arranged on the imaging platform, and is electrically connected with the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly, and controls the work of the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly;

所述摄影控制装置包括:主控模块、传输模块、电源模块和传感器,所述主控模块的输入端连接至设于飞行器上的传感器,主控模块的输出端连接至飞行器上的相机,该相机内设有数据存储器;主控模块与传输模块电连接,传输模块与相机内的数据存储器连接;电源模块为主控模块和传输模块供电;以及传感器监测飞行器所处环境中的环境参数并传递至主控模块。The camera control device includes: a main control module, a transmission module, a power supply module and a sensor, the input end of the main control module is connected to the sensor on the aircraft, and the output end of the main control module is connected to the camera on the aircraft. There is a data memory in the camera; the main control module is electrically connected to the transmission module, and the transmission module is connected to the data memory in the camera; the power supply module supplies power to the main control module and the transmission module; and the sensor monitors the environmental parameters in the environment where the aircraft is located and transmits to the main control module.

相比于现有技术,本发明通过使用陀螺仪、第一转动组件和第二转动组件,实现摄像平台在二维平面上的调整,方便相机视轴的稳定,防止晃动。同时,通过使用陀螺仪可以省去了复杂的机械结构平台,同时具有体积小、重量轻、成本低和补偿范围更大的特点。Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the adjustment of the imaging platform on the two-dimensional plane by using the gyroscope, the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly, so as to facilitate the stabilization of the visual axis of the camera and prevent shaking. At the same time, the complex mechanical structure platform can be omitted by using the gyroscope, and it has the characteristics of small size, light weight, low cost and larger compensation range.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述吊臂机构还包括一吊臂壳体,该壳体的纵截面为倒梯形;所述第一转动组件设置在该吊臂壳体内;该第一转动组件包括与陀螺仪电连接的舵机、主动齿轮、从动齿轮和驱动转轴;该主动齿轮的中心与舵机转轴连接;该从动齿轮与主动齿轮啮合连接;该驱动转轴设置在该从动齿轮中心;该驱动转轴贯穿该吊臂壳体的前后两侧,且其两端分别外露在吊臂壳体外并位于吊臂壳体的下端;该驱动转轴的两端与摄像平台连接。进一步,通过使用主动齿轮和从动齿轮配合使用,可以使舵机的单轴输出通过两齿轮的传动带动驱动转轴的转动,实现双轴转动。将吊臂壳体的纵截面设置成倒梯形,可以减少占用的空间和吊臂的重量,同时也可以提供吊臂的刚性强度。As a further improvement of the present invention, the boom mechanism also includes a boom casing, the longitudinal section of which is an inverted trapezoid; the first rotating assembly is arranged in the boom casing; the first rotating assembly includes The steering gear, the driving gear, the driven gear and the driving shaft electrically connected to the gyroscope; the center of the driving gear is connected with the steering gear shaft; the driven gear is engaged with the driving gear; the driving shaft is arranged at the center of the driven gear The driving shaft runs through the front and rear sides of the boom housing, and its two ends are respectively exposed outside the boom housing and located at the lower end of the boom housing; the two ends of the driving shaft are connected to the camera platform. Furthermore, by using the driving gear and the driven gear in cooperation, the single-axis output of the steering gear can be driven to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft through the transmission of the two gears, thereby realizing dual-axis rotation. Setting the longitudinal section of the boom shell into an inverted trapezoid can reduce the occupied space and the weight of the boom, and can also provide the rigidity of the boom.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述摄像平台还包括平台壳体和梁架;该平台壳体包括上壳体、下壳体和两侧壳体;所述两上下壳体对扣连接,形成一容纳空间;所述两侧壳体分别设置在上下两壳体连接处的相对两侧,并同时与上壳体和下壳体固定连接;该梁架设置在壳体内;该上壳体上设有一吊臂开口;所述吊臂壳体的下端穿过该吊臂开口,嵌设在该梁架上并通过该驱动轴与梁架的中心连接;所述第二转动组件设置在上下两壳体的连接处。作为本发明的进一步改进,所述摄像平台还包括一固定盖;该固定盖设置在上壳体与下壳体之间,并与该下壳体扣合连接;该陀螺仪设置在该固定盖上;该梁架位于固定盖的上方并位于上壳体内。进一步,通过固定盖可以将上下壳体分隔开来,避免内部器件的相互影响,同时可以承载陀螺仪和梁架。As a further improvement of the present invention, the camera platform also includes a platform shell and a beam frame; the platform shell includes an upper shell, a lower shell, and two side shells; the two upper and lower shells are buckled and connected to form a accommodating space; the housings on both sides are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the junction of the upper and lower housings, and are fixedly connected to the upper housing and the lower housing at the same time; the beam frame is arranged in the housing; the upper housing is provided with There is a boom opening; the lower end of the boom shell passes through the boom opening, is embedded on the beam frame and is connected to the center of the beam frame through the drive shaft; the second rotating assembly is arranged on the upper and lower shells body junction. As a further improvement of the present invention, the camera platform also includes a fixed cover; the fixed cover is arranged between the upper casing and the lower casing, and is fastened and connected with the lower casing; the gyroscope is arranged on the fixed cover on; the beam frame is located above the fixed cover and within the upper housing. Further, the upper and lower shells can be separated by the fixed cover to avoid the mutual influence of internal components, and at the same time, it can carry the gyroscope and the beam frame.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述下壳体内设有两组相互垂直的隔板,成“十”字型分布;其中每组隔板包括两块相互平行的隔板,形成五个相机容纳槽;该容纳槽包括由两组隔板相交处所形成的中央容纳槽和分布在该中央容纳槽的四个方位上的侧面容纳槽;所述相机分别设置在该相机容纳槽内部。进一步,通过隔板将下壳体分隔成五个相机容纳槽,可以方便相机的安装和增加摄像角度范围。As a further improvement of the present invention, there are two sets of mutually perpendicular baffles arranged in the shape of a "cross" in the lower housing; each set of baffles includes two mutually parallel baffles to form five camera accommodating slots The accommodating groove includes a central accommodating groove formed by the intersection of two groups of partitions and side accommodating grooves distributed in four directions of the central accommodating groove; the cameras are respectively arranged inside the camera accommodating groove. Further, the lower housing is divided into five camera accommodation slots by the partition, which can facilitate the installation of the camera and increase the range of camera angles.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述下壳体的相对两内侧壁上分别设有固定板,且该下壳体的两相对外侧壁上分别设有一轴架板;所述第二转动组件部件包括两个与陀螺仪电连接的舵机和两个连接轴;所述两舵机分别通过螺钉与下壳体内的两固定板连接;该两连接轴的一端分别与轴架板相连接,该两连接轴的另一端分别与两舵机的转轴连接。进一步,通过两个舵机与连接轴的配合使用,实现摄像平台的在第二转动平面上的转动,实现调整。As a further improvement of the present invention, fixed plates are respectively provided on the two opposite inner walls of the lower case, and a pedestal plate is respectively arranged on the two opposite outer walls of the lower case; the second rotating assembly part includes Two steering gears electrically connected to the gyroscope and two connecting shafts; the two steering gears are respectively connected with two fixing plates in the lower housing through screws; one end of the two connecting shafts is respectively connected with the axle frame plate, and the two The other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the rotating shafts of the two steering gears respectively. Further, through the cooperation of the two steering gears and the connecting shaft, the rotation of the imaging platform on the second rotation plane is realized, and the adjustment is realized.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述相机包括一设在中央容纳槽内的正向相机和四个设在在侧面容纳槽内的倾斜相机;该正向相机的视轴方向垂直向下;所述四个倾斜相机的视轴方向与正向相机的视轴方向所形成的角度为30~45度。进一步,通过对五个相机的视轴角度的调整,实现摄像的多角度的捕捉,使整个摄像效果更加清晰。As a further improvement of the present invention, the camera includes a forward camera disposed in the central accommodation groove and four tilted cameras disposed in the side accommodation grooves; the visual axis direction of the forward camera is vertically downward; the The angle formed by the viewing axis direction of the four oblique cameras and the viewing axis direction of the forward camera is 30-45 degrees. Further, by adjusting the viewing axis angles of the five cameras, the multi-angle capture of the camera is realized, so that the whole camera effect is clearer.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述主控模块包括:控制器、存储器、数据传输端、串口通信端和相机控制端;其中,主控模块通过数据传输端与传输模块电连接,从相机的数据存储器中快速获取数据信息并传递至控制器;串口通信端与相机连接,实时监控相机拍摄的参数信息并传递至控制器;存储器中预先储存着不同环境条件下相机拍摄的标准参数信息;以及控制器对所接收的上述信息进行分析,并利用相机控制端对相机进行相应的控制。As a further improvement of the present invention, the main control module includes: a controller, a memory, a data transmission terminal, a serial port communication terminal, and a camera control terminal; wherein, the main control module is electrically connected to the transmission module through the data transmission terminal, and the data from the camera The data information is quickly acquired in the memory and transmitted to the controller; the serial communication port is connected to the camera, and the parameter information captured by the camera is monitored in real time and transmitted to the controller; the standard parameter information of the camera under different environmental conditions is pre-stored in the memory; and the control The controller analyzes the above information received, and uses the camera control terminal to control the camera accordingly.

作为本发明的进一步改进,所述电源模块包括电源转换模块、升压模块、锂电池、滤波模块、稳压模块、备用电源和充电模块;其中,锂电池通过升压模块与电源转换模块电连接;备用电源通过稳压模块和滤波模块分别进行稳压和滤波处理,并将获得的稳定的电压输入至电源转换模块;电源转换模块将输入的电压转换后输出供主控模块和传输模块使用;以及充电模块在相机电池电量低于临界值时启动,为相机充电。As a further improvement of the present invention, the power module includes a power conversion module, a boost module, a lithium battery, a filter module, a voltage stabilization module, a backup power supply, and a charging module; wherein the lithium battery is electrically connected to the power conversion module through the boost module ; The standby power supply is respectively stabilized and filtered through the voltage stabilization module and the filter module, and the obtained stable voltage is input to the power conversion module; the power conversion module converts the input voltage and outputs it for use by the main control module and the transmission module; And the charging module starts when the battery power of the camera is lower than the critical value, to charge the camera.

进一步,所述传输模块为USB传输器,所述相机的数据存储器为TF/SD卡。Further, the transmission module is a USB transmitter, and the data storage of the camera is a TF/SD card.

本发明具有的优点和有益效果是:The advantages and beneficial effects that the present invention has are:

1、本发明通过使用陀螺仪、第一转动组件和第二转动组件,实现摄像平台在二维平面上的调整,方便相机视轴的稳定,防止晃动。同时,通过使用陀螺仪可以省去了复杂的机械结构平台,同时具有体积小、重量轻、成本低和补偿范围更大的特点。1. The present invention realizes the adjustment of the imaging platform on the two-dimensional plane by using the gyroscope, the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly, which facilitates the stabilization of the camera's visual axis and prevents shaking. At the same time, the complex mechanical structure platform can be omitted by using the gyroscope, and it has the characteristics of small size, light weight, low cost and larger compensation range.

2、进一步,通过使用主动齿轮和从动齿轮配合使用,可以使舵机的单轴输出通过两齿轮的传动带动驱动转轴的转动,实现双轴转动。2. Furthermore, by using the driving gear and the driven gear in cooperation, the single-axis output of the steering gear can be driven to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft through the transmission of the two gears, thereby realizing dual-axis rotation.

3、进一步,通过对五个相机的视轴角度的调整,实现摄像的多角度的捕捉,使整个摄像效果更加清晰。3. Further, by adjusting the viewing axis angles of the five cameras, the multi-angle capture of the camera is realized, so that the whole camera effect is clearer.

4、进一步,通过自动监测飞行器上一台或多台数码相机的状态参数,并将采集到的参数与预存的标准参数进行对比,驱动控制器对相机进行相应的调节和控制,从而实现对无人机上数码相机的自动控制;本装置还利用高速传输模块实现了航拍照片的实时高速传输。本装置还可以监测相机当前状态,如电池电压值,并在电池电压不足时及时进行充电,从而保证了航拍相机的正常工作。4. Further, by automatically monitoring the status parameters of one or more digital cameras on the aircraft, and comparing the collected parameters with the pre-stored standard parameters, the drive controller can adjust and control the cameras accordingly, so as to realize the The automatic control of the digital camera on the man-machine; the device also uses a high-speed transmission module to realize real-time high-speed transmission of aerial photos. The device can also monitor the current state of the camera, such as the voltage value of the battery, and charge it in time when the battery voltage is insufficient, thus ensuring the normal operation of the aerial camera.

为了更好地理解和实施,下面结合附图详细说明本发明。For better understanding and implementation, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的三轴陀螺的外部示意图。Fig. 1 is an external schematic diagram of the three-axis gyroscope of the present invention.

图2是本发明的三轴陀螺的剖面图。Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the three-axis gyroscope of the present invention.

图3是本发明的三轴陀螺的爆炸图。Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the three-axis gyroscope of the present invention.

图4是本发明的吊臂机构的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the boom mechanism of the present invention.

图5是本发明的摄像平台的下壳体的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower casing of the imaging platform of the present invention.

图6是本发明的摄影控制装置的内部结构方框图。Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the photography control device of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

请同时参阅1~3,其中,图1是本发明的三轴陀螺的外部示意图,图2是本发明的三轴陀螺的剖面图,图3是本发明的三轴陀螺的爆炸图。Please refer to 1-3 at the same time, wherein, Fig. 1 is an external schematic diagram of the three-axis gyro of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the three-axis gyro of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the three-axis gyro of the present invention.

本发明的一种多镜头航空摄影稳定平台,包括包括吊臂机构1、摄像平台2、设置在摄像平台内的相机3、陀螺仪4、摄影控制装置、主控模块51、传输模块52、电源模块53、传感器54;控制器511、存储器512、串口通信端513、相机控制端514、数据传输端515;TF/SD卡6、相机电池7;电源转换模块531、升压模块532、锂电池533、滤波模块534、稳压模块535、充电模块536、备用电源537。A multi-lens aerial photography stabilization platform of the present invention comprises a boom mechanism 1, a camera platform 2, a camera 3 arranged in the camera platform, a gyroscope 4, a photography control device, a main control module 51, a transmission module 52, a power supply Module 53, sensor 54; controller 511, memory 512, serial communication terminal 513, camera control terminal 514, data transmission terminal 515; TF/SD card 6, camera battery 7; power conversion module 531, boost module 532, lithium battery 533 , a filtering module 534 , a voltage stabilizing module 535 , a charging module 536 , and a backup power supply 537 .

所述吊臂机构1包括第一转动组件11,并通过该第一转动组件11与摄像平台2连接,控制摄像平台2在垂直于水平面的第一转动平面上转动。所述摄像平台2内设有第二转动组件,控制该摄像平台2在同时垂直于水平面和第一转动平面的第二转动平面上转动;所述陀螺仪4设置在摄像平台2上,并与第一转动组件11和第二转动组件电连接,控制第一转动组件11和第二转动组件的工作。The boom mechanism 1 includes a first rotating assembly 11, and is connected with the imaging platform 2 through the first rotating assembly 11, and controls the imaging platform 2 to rotate on a first rotating plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Described imaging platform 2 is provided with the second rotation assembly, controls this imaging platform 2 to rotate on the second rotation plane perpendicular to horizontal plane and first rotation plane simultaneously; Described gyroscope 4 is arranged on imaging platform 2, and with The first rotating assembly 11 and the second rotating assembly are electrically connected to control the work of the first rotating assembly 11 and the second rotating assembly.

请参阅图4,其为本发明的吊臂机构1的结构示意图。所述吊臂机构1包括第一转动组件11、吊臂壳体12和挂板13。具体的,所述吊臂壳体12的纵截面为倒梯形。所述挂板13设在在吊臂壳体12的上端。所述第一转动组件11设置在该吊臂壳体12内。该第一转动组件11包括与陀螺仪4电连接的舵机111、主动齿轮112、从动齿轮113和驱动转轴114;该主动齿轮112的中心与舵机111转轴连接;该从动齿轮113与主动齿轮112啮合连接;该驱动转轴114设置在该从动齿轮113中心;该驱动转轴114贯穿该吊臂壳体12的前后两侧,且其两端分别外露在吊臂壳体12外并位于吊臂壳体12的下端;该驱动转轴114的两端与摄像平台2连接。Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the boom mechanism 1 of the present invention. The boom mechanism 1 includes a first rotating assembly 11 , a boom housing 12 and a hanging plate 13 . Specifically, the longitudinal section of the boom housing 12 is an inverted trapezoid. The hanging plate 13 is arranged on the upper end of the boom housing 12 . The first rotating assembly 11 is arranged in the boom housing 12 . The first rotating assembly 11 includes a steering gear 111 electrically connected to the gyroscope 4, a driving gear 112, a driven gear 113 and a driving shaft 114; the center of the driving gear 112 is connected with the steering gear 111 shaft; the driven gear 113 is connected to The driving gear 112 is meshed and connected; the driving shaft 114 is arranged at the center of the driven gear 113; the driving shaft 114 runs through the front and rear sides of the boom housing 12, and its two ends are respectively exposed outside the boom housing 12 and located at The lower end of the boom housing 12 ; the two ends of the drive shaft 114 are connected with the imaging platform 2 .

所述摄像平台2包括平台壳体21、梁架22、固定盖23和第二转动组件。所述平台壳体21包括上壳体211、下壳体212和两侧壳体213;该上壳体211和下壳体212对扣连接,形成一容纳空间。两侧壳体213设在该两上下壳体连接处的相对两侧,以固定连接两上壳体211和下壳体212。进一步,所述侧壳体213与下壳体212之间还设有一加强板2131。The imaging platform 2 includes a platform housing 21, a beam frame 22, a fixed cover 23 and a second rotating assembly. The platform casing 21 includes an upper casing 211 , a lower casing 212 and two side casings 213 ; the upper casing 211 and the lower casing 212 are butt-connected to form an accommodating space. Two side shells 213 are arranged on opposite sides of the connection of the two upper and lower shells, so as to fixedly connect the two upper shells 211 and the lower shell 212 . Further, a reinforcing plate 2131 is further provided between the side shell 213 and the lower shell 212 .

请参阅图5,其为本发明的摄像平台2的下壳体212的结构示意图。具体的,所述上壳体211上设有一吊臂开口2111。所述下壳体212内设有多个隔板2121;该隔板2121与下壳体212的内壁连接,形成多个相机容纳槽;该相机容纳槽的底部分别设有摄像开口。进一步,所述下壳体212内设有两组相互垂直的隔板2121,成“十”字型分布;其中每组隔板2121包括两块相互平行的隔板2121,形成五个相机容纳槽。具体的,所述容纳槽包括由两组隔板2121相交处所形成的中央容纳槽和分布在该中央容纳槽的四个方位上的侧面容纳槽。其中,所述相机3分别设置在该相机容纳槽内部。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the lower casing 212 of the imaging platform 2 of the present invention. Specifically, the upper shell 211 is provided with a boom opening 2111 . The lower casing 212 is provided with a plurality of partitions 2121; the partitions 2121 are connected with the inner wall of the lower casing 212 to form a plurality of camera storage slots; the bottoms of the camera storage slots are respectively provided with camera openings. Further, two sets of partitions 2121 perpendicular to each other are arranged in the lower housing 212, distributed in a "ten" shape; each set of partitions 2121 includes two partitions 2121 parallel to each other, forming five camera accommodation slots . Specifically, the accommodating groove includes a central accommodating groove formed by the intersection of two sets of partition plates 2121 and side accommodating grooves distributed in four directions of the central accommodating groove. Wherein, the cameras 3 are respectively arranged inside the camera accommodating grooves.

所述下壳体212的相对两内侧壁上分别设有固定板2122,且该下壳体212的两相对外侧壁上分别设有一轴架板2123。具体的,所述侧壳体213设在两轴架板2123的外侧。Two opposite inner walls of the lower casing 212 are respectively provided with fixing plates 2122 , and two opposite outer walls of the lower casing 212 are respectively provided with a pedestal plate 2123 . Specifically, the side housing 213 is arranged on the outer side of the two-pillar frame plate 2123 .

所述固定盖23设置在上壳体211与下壳体212之间,并与该下壳体212扣合连接;所述梁架22位于固定盖23的上方并位于上壳体211内。所述吊臂壳体12的下端穿过上壳体211的吊臂开口2111,嵌设在该梁架22上并通过该驱动转轴114与梁架22的中心连接;所述第二转动组件设置在上下两壳体的连接处。The fixed cover 23 is disposed between the upper case 211 and the lower case 212 , and is fastened with the lower case 212 ; the beam frame 22 is located above the fixed cover 23 and inside the upper case 211 . The lower end of the boom housing 12 passes through the boom opening 2111 of the upper housing 211, is embedded on the beam frame 22 and is connected to the center of the beam frame 22 through the drive shaft 114; At the junction of the upper and lower shells.

所述第二转动组件包括两个与陀螺仪4电连接的舵机241和两个连接轴242;所述两舵机241分别通过螺钉与下壳体212内的两固定板2122连接。所述两连接轴242的一端分别与轴架板2123相连接,该两连接轴242的另一端分别与两舵机241的转轴连接。The second rotating assembly includes two steering gears 241 electrically connected to the gyroscope 4 and two connecting shafts 242; the two steering gears 241 are respectively connected to two fixing plates 2122 in the lower housing 212 through screws. One ends of the two connecting shafts 242 are respectively connected to the axle frame plate 2123 , and the other ends of the two connecting shafts 242 are respectively connected to the rotating shafts of the two steering gears 241 .

所述相机3包括一设在中央容纳槽内的正向相机3和四个设在在侧面容纳槽内的倾斜相机3;该正向相机3的视轴方向垂直向下;所述四个倾斜相机3的视轴方向与正向相机3的视轴方向所形成的角度为30~45度。Described camera 3 comprises a forward camera 3 that is located in the central accommodation groove and four oblique cameras 3 that are arranged in the side accommodation groove; The visual axis direction of this forward camera 3 is vertically downward; The angle formed by the visual axis direction of the camera 3 and the visual axis direction of the front camera 3 is 30-45 degrees.

所述陀螺仪4设置在该固定盖23上。并且,该陀螺仪4同时与第一转动组件11和第二转动组件电连接,控制第一转动组件11和第二转动组件的工作。The gyroscope 4 is arranged on the fixed cover 23 . Moreover, the gyroscope 4 is electrically connected with the first rotating assembly 11 and the second rotating assembly at the same time, and controls the operation of the first rotating assembly 11 and the second rotating assembly.

该摄影控制装置设置在飞行器上,与该飞行器上5台用于航拍的数码相机连接,这5台数码相机分别位于飞行器的不同位置,朝向不同的方位,从而可方便地拍摄不同角度的画面。该飞行器中设置有GPS定位模块。The photography control device is arranged on the aircraft and connected with five digital cameras used for aerial photography on the aircraft. The five digital cameras are respectively located in different positions of the aircraft and facing different directions, so that pictures from different angles can be easily taken. The aircraft is provided with a GPS positioning module.

本发明的三轴陀螺的稳定平台可以安装在直升机等飞行器上;在遭遇气流影响产生的颠簸或晃动时,可以通过本发明的稳定平台自动调节位置,以保证摄像过程中的稳定。具体的,通过陀螺仪4检测摄像平台2的位置信息,当摄像平台2出现倾斜或晃动时,该陀螺仪4控制第一转动组件11和第二转动组件进行工作。其中,该第一转动组件11的舵机111在接收到陀螺仪4的信号后,通过主动齿轮112和从动齿轮113控制驱动转轴114的转动;该驱动转轴114与梁架22连接,控制梁架22的转动,从而可以控制摄像平台2实现在第一转动平面上的转动,以调整摄像角度。同理,该第二转动组件中的舵机241在接收到陀螺仪4的信号后,通过连接轴242控制轴架板2123的转动,从而可以控制该摄像平台2实现在第二转动平面上的转动,调整摄像角度。而因为该第一转动平面和第二转动平面时相互垂直的,所以可以实现在二维平面上的任意角度的调整。The stable platform of the three-axis gyro of the present invention can be installed on aircraft such as helicopters; when encountering bumps or shaking caused by the influence of airflow, the stable platform of the present invention can automatically adjust the position to ensure the stability during the shooting process. Specifically, the position information of the imaging platform 2 is detected by the gyroscope 4, and when the imaging platform 2 tilts or shakes, the gyroscope 4 controls the first rotating assembly 11 and the second rotating assembly to work. Wherein, the steering gear 111 of the first rotating assembly 11 controls the rotation of the driving shaft 114 through the driving gear 112 and the driven gear 113 after receiving the signal from the gyroscope 4; the driving shaft 114 is connected with the beam frame 22 to control the beam The rotation of the frame 22 can control the rotation of the camera platform 2 on the first rotation plane to adjust the camera angle. Similarly, after receiving the signal from the gyroscope 4, the steering gear 241 in the second rotating assembly controls the rotation of the pedestal plate 2123 through the connecting shaft 242, thereby controlling the camera platform 2 to realize the rotation on the second rotating plane. Turn to adjust the camera angle. And because the first rotation plane and the second rotation plane are perpendicular to each other, any angle adjustment on the two-dimensional plane can be realized.

本发明具有多种变形实施例,比如,所述的相机3的分布位置可以根据不同情况任意调整,也可以根据具体情况调整相机3的视轴角度。The present invention has various modified embodiments. For example, the distribution positions of the cameras 3 can be adjusted arbitrarily according to different situations, and the viewing axis angle of the cameras 3 can also be adjusted according to specific situations.

相比于现有技术,本发明通过使用陀螺仪4、第一转动组件11和第二转动组件,实现摄像平台2在二维平面上的调整,方便相机3视轴的稳定,防止晃动。同时,通过使用陀螺仪4可以省去了复杂的机械结构平台,同时具有体积小、重量轻、成本低和补偿范围更大的特点。Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the adjustment of the imaging platform 2 on the two-dimensional plane by using the gyroscope 4, the first rotating assembly 11 and the second rotating assembly, so as to facilitate the stabilization of the viewing axis of the camera 3 and prevent shaking. At the same time, by using the gyroscope 4, the complex mechanical structure platform can be omitted, and it has the characteristics of small size, light weight, low cost and larger compensation range.

请参阅图6,为本发明的摄影控制装置的内部结构方框图。该摄影控制装置包括:主控模块51、传输模块52、电源模块53和传感器54。其中,主控模块51为单片机,如可选用价格低、处理速度快、系统中断响应能力强的ARM处理器。传输模块52优选为USB 2.0传输控制器,可选用高速传输芯片。主控模块51的输入端连接至飞行器上的传感器54,主控模块51的输出端连接至所述飞行器上的相机3,相机3内设有数据存储器,在本实施例中数据存储器为TF/SD卡6。主控模块51与传输模块52电连接,传输模块52与相机3的数据存储器连接。电源模块53为主控模块51和传输模块52供电;以及传感器54监测飞行器所处环境中的参数并传递至主控模块51。在具体实施过程中,主控模块51、传输模块52和电源模块53这三个主要功能模块分别设置在三块电路板上,以排线形式连接。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a block diagram of the internal structure of the photography control device of the present invention. The photography control device includes: a main control module 51 , a transmission module 52 , a power supply module 53 and a sensor 54 . Wherein, the main control module 51 is a single-chip microcomputer, such as an ARM processor with low price, fast processing speed and strong system interrupt response capability. The transmission module 52 is preferably a USB 2.0 transmission controller, and a high-speed transmission chip can be selected. The input end of the main control module 51 is connected to the sensor 54 on the aircraft, and the output end of the main control module 51 is connected to the camera 3 on the aircraft. The camera 3 is provided with a data storage device. In this embodiment, the data storage device is TF/ SD card6. The main control module 51 is electrically connected to the transmission module 52 , and the transmission module 52 is connected to the data memory of the camera 3 . The power supply module 53 supplies power to the main control module 51 and the transmission module 52 ; In the specific implementation process, the three main functional modules of the main control module 51 , the transmission module 52 and the power module 53 are respectively arranged on three circuit boards and connected in the form of cables.

如图6所示,主控模块51具体包括:控制器511、存储器512、串口通信端513、相机控制端514和数据传输端515。串口通信端513作为调试观察串口,其与相机3连接,用于实时监控飞行器上相机3的拍摄参数,使控制器511及时了解相机3的各项状态,采取适当的调控措施。As shown in FIG. 6 , the main control module 51 specifically includes: a controller 511 , a memory 512 , a serial port communication terminal 513 , a camera control terminal 514 and a data transmission terminal 515 . The serial port communication port 513 is used as a debugging and observation serial port, which is connected with the camera 3 for real-time monitoring of the shooting parameters of the camera 3 on the aircraft, so that the controller 511 can keep abreast of the various states of the camera 3 and take appropriate control measures.

存储器512中预先储存着不同环境条件下相机拍摄的标准参数信息;控制器511对所接收的上述信息进行分析,并利用相机控制端515对相机进行相应的控制,从而使得相机3在不同环境条件下都够实时自动调整其参数值,使其拍摄出高质量的照片。主控模块51通过数据传输端515与传输模块52电连接,数据传输端515具体为I/O端口,通过与传输模块52的通信,从相机3的数据存储器(TF/SD卡)6中快速获取数据信息并传递至控制器511。The memory 512 pre-stores the standard parameter information of the camera shooting under different environmental conditions; the controller 511 analyzes the received information, and uses the camera control terminal 515 to control the camera accordingly, so that the camera 3 can operate under different environmental conditions. It is enough to automatically adjust its parameter values in real time to make it take high-quality photos. The main control module 51 is electrically connected with the transmission module 52 through the data transmission terminal 515, and the data transmission terminal 515 is specifically an I/O port, and through communication with the transmission module 52, the data memory (TF/SD card) 6 of the camera 3 is quickly Obtain data information and transmit it to the controller 511.

在本发明中,传感器54具体为光照传感器,其所监测的环境参数为光照强度。光照传感器54将其监测到的当前光照强度传递至控制器511,控制器511对应查找存储器512中预存的该光照条件下拍摄照片的标准相机参数,将该标准参数与串口通信端513监测到的当前相机参数对比,若不同,则控制器511通过相机控制端514进行调节。In the present invention, the sensor 54 is specifically an illumination sensor, and the environmental parameter it monitors is illumination intensity. The illumination sensor 54 transmits the current intensity of illumination it monitors to the controller 511, and the controller 511 correspondingly searches the standard camera parameters for taking pictures under the illumination conditions prestored in the memory 512, and compares the standard parameters with the monitored parameters of the serial port communication terminal 513. The current camera parameters are compared, if they are different, the controller 511 adjusts them through the camera control terminal 514 .

在本发明中,电源模块53具体包括电源转换模块531、升压模块532、锂电池533、滤波模块534、稳压模块535、充电模块536和备用电源537。其中,锂电池533通过升压模块532与电源转换模块531电连接,备用电源537通过稳压模块535和滤波模块534分别进行稳压和滤波处理,并将获得的稳定的电压输入至电源转换模块531,该电源转换模块531将输入的电压转换后输出供主控模块51和传输模块52使用。具体的,在本实施例中,升压模块532优选为直流的升压芯片;稳压模块535优选为防静电保护的稳压管;滤波模块534优选为由电感和电容共同组成的滤波电路;备用电源537优选为12V直流电源;电源转换模块531将12v直流电压转换为5v和3.3v的稳定可靠的电压供后续使用。充电模块536在相机电池7电量低于临界值(如3v)时启动,为其充电。In the present invention, the power module 53 specifically includes a power conversion module 531 , a boost module 532 , a lithium battery 533 , a filter module 534 , a voltage stabilization module 535 , a charging module 536 and a backup power supply 537 . Wherein, the lithium battery 533 is electrically connected to the power conversion module 531 through the boost module 532, and the standby power supply 537 is respectively subjected to voltage stabilization and filtering through the voltage stabilization module 535 and the filter module 534, and the obtained stable voltage is input to the power conversion module 531 , the power conversion module 531 converts the input voltage and outputs it for use by the main control module 51 and the transmission module 52 . Specifically, in this embodiment, the boost module 532 is preferably a DC boost chip; the voltage regulator module 535 is preferably a voltage regulator tube for anti-static protection; the filter module 534 is preferably a filter circuit composed of an inductor and a capacitor; The backup power supply 537 is preferably a 12V DC power supply; the power conversion module 531 converts the 12V DC voltage into stable and reliable voltages of 5V and 3.3V for subsequent use. The charging module 536 is activated when the battery 7 of the camera is lower than a critical value (such as 3v) to charge it.

在本实施例的主控模块中还可以设置其他辅助模块,如Flash存储模块等。采用Flash存储模块,可以有选择性地保存相机操作的数据,可采用SPI方式和主控模块通信。本发明所述的控制装置主要应用于飞行器航拍领域,可以适用于自动控制飞行器上的数码相机调节其参数值,从而使相机在不同环境条件下都能够获取高质量的照片,并同时控制相机所拍摄照片的高速传输。本发明所述实施例可适用于一台或多台相机,在此以一台相机为例,但不局限于此数目,必要时可根据实际需要对相机数目进行增减。在本发明的实施例中,该控制装置设在飞行器上,与该飞行器上用于航拍的数码相机连接。Other auxiliary modules, such as a Flash storage module, may also be provided in the main control module of this embodiment. Using the Flash storage module, the camera operation data can be selectively saved, and the SPI method can be used to communicate with the main control module. The control device of the present invention is mainly used in the field of aircraft aerial photography, and can be applied to automatically control the digital camera on the aircraft to adjust its parameter value, so that the camera can obtain high-quality photos under different environmental conditions, and at the same time control the digital camera on the aircraft. High-speed transfer of captured photos. The embodiments of the present invention can be applied to one or more cameras, and one camera is used as an example here, but the number is not limited to this number, and the number of cameras can be increased or decreased according to actual needs if necessary. In the embodiment of the present invention, the control device is arranged on the aircraft and is connected with a digital camera used for aerial photography on the aircraft.

本发明并不局限于上述实施方式,如果对本发明的各种改动或变形不脱离本发明的精神和范围,倘若这些改动和变形属于本发明的权利要求和等同技术范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变形。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, if the various changes or deformations of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these changes and deformations belong to the claims of the present invention and the equivalent technical scope, then the present invention is also It is intended that such modifications and variations are included.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a many camera lenses aerial photography stabilized platform which characterized in that: the device comprises a suspension arm mechanism, a camera shooting platform, a gyroscope, a camera arranged in the camera shooting platform and a shooting control device;
the suspension arm mechanism comprises a first rotating assembly, is connected with the camera shooting platform through the first rotating assembly and controls the camera shooting platform to rotate on a first rotating plane vertical to the horizontal plane;
a second rotating assembly is arranged in the camera shooting platform and controls the camera shooting platform to rotate on a second rotating plane which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the first rotating plane;
the gyroscope is arranged on the camera platform, is electrically connected with the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly and controls the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly to work;
the imaging control apparatus includes: the aircraft comprises a main control module, a transmission module, a power supply module and a sensor, wherein the input end of the main control module is connected to the sensor arranged on an aircraft, the output end of the main control module is connected to a camera on the aircraft, and a data memory is arranged in the camera; the main control module is electrically connected with the transmission module, and the transmission module is connected with a data memory in the camera; the power supply module supplies power to the main control module and the transmission module; the sensor monitors environmental parameters in the environment where the aircraft is located and transmits the environmental parameters to the main control module;
the master control module comprises: the device comprises a controller, a memory, a data transmission end, a serial port communication end and a camera control end; wherein,
the main control module is electrically connected with the transmission module through a data transmission end, and is used for quickly acquiring data information from a data memory of the camera and transmitting the data information to the controller;
the serial port communication end is connected with the camera, monitors parameter information shot by the camera in real time and transmits the parameter information to the controller;
the memory stores standard parameter information shot by the camera under different environmental conditions in advance; and
the controller analyzes the received information and utilizes the camera control end to correspondingly control the camera.
2. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 1, wherein: the suspension arm mechanism also comprises a suspension arm shell, and the longitudinal section of the shell is in an inverted trapezoid shape; the first rotating assembly is arranged in the suspension arm shell; the first rotating assembly comprises a steering engine, a driving gear, a driven gear and a driving rotating shaft, wherein the steering engine, the driving gear, the driven gear and the driving rotating shaft are electrically connected with the gyroscope; the center of the driving gear is connected with a steering engine rotating shaft; the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear; the driving rotating shaft is arranged in the center of the driven gear; the driving rotating shaft penetrates through the front side and the rear side of the suspension arm shell, and two ends of the driving rotating shaft are respectively exposed outside the suspension arm shell and positioned at the lower end of the suspension arm shell; the two ends of the driving rotating shaft are connected with the camera shooting platform.
3. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 2, wherein: the camera shooting platform also comprises a platform shell and a beam frame; the platform shell comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and two side shells; the two upper and lower shells are buckled and connected to form an accommodating space; the two side shells are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the joint of the upper shell and the lower shell and are fixedly connected with the upper shell and the lower shell; the beam frame is arranged in the platform shell; the upper shell is provided with a suspension arm opening; the lower end of the suspension arm shell penetrates through the suspension arm opening, is embedded on the beam frame and is connected with the center of the beam frame through the driving rotating shaft; the second rotating assembly is arranged at the joint of the upper shell and the lower shell.
4. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 3, wherein: the camera platform also comprises a fixed cover; the fixed cover is arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell and is buckled and connected with the lower shell; the gyroscope is arranged on the fixed cover; the beam mount is located above the fixed cover and within the upper housing.
5. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 4, wherein: two groups of mutually vertical partition plates are arranged in the lower shell and distributed in a cross shape; each group of the partition plates comprises two partition plates which are parallel to each other to form five camera accommodating grooves; the containing groove comprises a central containing groove formed by the intersection of two groups of partition plates and side containing grooves distributed in four directions of the central containing groove; the cameras are respectively arranged in the camera accommodating grooves.
6. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 3, wherein: the two opposite inner side walls of the lower shell are respectively provided with a fixed plate, and the two opposite outer side walls of the lower shell are respectively provided with a shaft frame plate; the second rotating assembly component comprises two steering engines electrically connected with the gyroscope and two connecting shafts; the two steering engines are respectively connected with the two fixed plates in the lower shell through screws; one end of each of the two connecting shafts is connected with the shaft frame plate, and the other end of each of the two connecting shafts is connected with the rotating shaft of each of the two steering engines.
7. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 5, wherein: the cameras comprise a forward camera arranged in the central accommodating groove and four inclined cameras arranged in the side accommodating grooves; the visual axis direction of the forward camera is vertically downward; the angle formed by the visual axis directions of the four oblique cameras and the visual axis direction of the forward camera is 30-45 degrees.
8. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 7, wherein: the power supply module comprises a power supply conversion module, a boosting module, a lithium battery, a filtering module, a voltage stabilizing module, a standby power supply and a charging module; wherein,
the lithium battery is electrically connected with the power supply conversion module through the boosting module;
the standby power supply respectively carries out voltage stabilization and filtering processing through a voltage stabilization module and a filtering module, and inputs the obtained stable voltage to a power supply conversion module;
the power supply conversion module converts the input voltage and outputs the converted voltage for the main control module and the transmission module to use; and
the charging module is started when the electric quantity of the camera battery is lower than a critical value to charge the camera.
9. The multi-lens aerial photography stabilized platform of claim 8, wherein: the transmission module is a USB transmitter, and the data memory of the camera is a TF/SD card.
CN201410032744.1A 2014-01-23 2014-01-23 A kind of many lens aerial photography stable platforms Expired - Fee Related CN103754381B (en)

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