CN103743985B - A kind of test the method for textile material shield effectiveness under complex electromagnetic environment - Google Patents
A kind of test the method for textile material shield effectiveness under complex electromagnetic environment Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种测试织物材料屏蔽效能的方法，属于屏蔽效能测试技术领域，更适用于测试复杂电磁环境下织物材料屏蔽效能的测试。 The invention relates to a method for testing the shielding effectiveness of fabric materials, which belongs to the technical field of shielding effectiveness testing and is more suitable for testing the shielding effectiveness of fabric materials in complex electromagnetic environments.
背景技术 Background technique
目前，常用的材料屏蔽效能测试方法主要有屏蔽室窗口法、法兰同轴法、ASTM 同轴传输线法、ASTM-ES-7双盒法和改进的MIL-STD-285测量法等，这些标准方法一般通过单一平面电磁波垂直辐照来测试屏蔽效能。然而在实际使用当中，屏蔽材料往往需要屏蔽比这种理想化测试环境复杂、恶劣很多的电磁环境。比如在武器装备、工业控制仪器室、交通车辆等领域，以及大型装备的仪器舱、客机和航天器的客舱、工作舱、移动通讯的多输入多输出环境等，这些环境中有来自外部环境的电磁威胁，也有来自内部空间的个人电脑、移动通讯设备等个人电子设备的电磁干扰，由于电磁场与腔室屏蔽墙壁或外壳的多次反射而形成相对复杂的电磁环境，在NASA报告中称为“腔室内电磁环境”。此时，采用传统的屏蔽效能测试方法就无法准确评估材料对于这类型电磁环境的屏蔽能力。 At present, the commonly used test methods for shielding effectiveness of materials mainly include shielded room window method, flange coaxial method, ASTM coaxial transmission line method, ASTM-ES-7 double box method and improved MIL-STD-285 measurement method, etc. These standards The method generally tests the shielding effectiveness by vertically irradiating a single plane of electromagnetic waves. However, in actual use, shielding materials often need to shield the electromagnetic environment that is much more complex and harsh than this idealized test environment. For example, in the fields of weaponry and equipment, industrial control instrument rooms, transportation vehicles, etc., as well as the instrument cabins of large equipment, passenger cabins and spacecraft cabins, working cabins, and mobile communication multiple-input multiple-output environments. Electromagnetic threats also include electromagnetic interference from personal computers, mobile communication devices and other personal electronic devices in the internal space. Due to the multiple reflections of the electromagnetic field and the shielding wall or shell of the chamber, a relatively complex electromagnetic environment is formed, which is called " Electromagnetic environment in the chamber". At this time, the traditional shielding effectiveness test method cannot accurately evaluate the shielding ability of the material for this type of electromagnetic environment.
混响室是一种新兴的电磁兼容性测试场地，能够提供电磁波传播方向多样、极化方式随机的电磁环境，可用于辐射抗扰度、辐射发射、天线效率和屏蔽效能等电磁兼容性测试。由于混响室提供的电磁环境与材料在实际使用中遇到的电磁环境情况更为接近，所以混响室法材料屏蔽效能测试结果贴近实际，是未来评价材料屏蔽能力的技术发展趋势。 The reverberation chamber is an emerging electromagnetic compatibility test site, which can provide an electromagnetic environment with various propagation directions of electromagnetic waves and random polarization modes, and can be used for electromagnetic compatibility tests such as radiation immunity, radiated emission, antenna efficiency and shielding effectiveness. Since the electromagnetic environment provided by the reverberation chamber is closer to the electromagnetic environment encountered by the material in actual use, the test results of the material shielding effectiveness of the reverberation chamber method are close to reality, and it is a technical development trend for evaluating the shielding ability of materials in the future.
为此，国际电工委员会提出将开有测试窗口的一个小混响室放置于混响室内，并在测试窗口加载受试材料，通过对比大、小混响室内的平均功率值来计算材料的屏蔽效能。然而该方法无法消除测试窗口对结果的影响，其中最显著的一个问题就是在未加载受试材料时，因测试窗口的孔径耦合效应，得到的屏蔽效能值并不为零。 For this reason, the International Electrotechnical Commission proposed to place a small reverberation chamber with a test window in the reverberation chamber, and load the test material in the test window, and calculate the shielding of the material by comparing the average power values in the large and small reverberation chambers. efficacy. However, this method cannot eliminate the influence of the test window on the results. One of the most significant problems is that when the test material is not loaded, the shielding effectiveness value obtained is not zero due to the aperture coupling effect of the test window.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种操作简单快捷，测试结果准确可靠，不受窗口大小影响，对各种被测织物材料普遍适用的实用性强的测试复杂电磁环境下织物材料屏蔽效能的方法。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for testing the shielding effectiveness of fabric materials in complex electromagnetic environments, which is simple and quick to operate, has accurate and reliable test results, is not affected by the size of the window, and is generally applicable to various tested fabric materials. method.
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下技术方案： In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
步骤1：构建一空心金属腔体，在所述空心金属腔体表面设置窗口和第一波导孔，将场强计和第一搅拌器放置在所述空心金属腔体内，将所述空心金属腔体放置在混响室内； Step 1: Construct a hollow metal cavity, set a window and a first waveguide hole on the surface of the hollow metal cavity, place the field strength meter and the first stirrer in the hollow metal cavity, place the hollow metal cavity The body is placed in the reverberation chamber;
步骤2：搭建混响室工作环境： Step 2: Build the working environment of the reverberation room:
通过光纤穿过波导孔将空心金属腔体内场强计的信号传出，所述光纤再经过混响室壁上的第二波导孔传出至计算机，所述混响室内、空心金属腔体外放置第二搅拌器和发射天线； The signal of the field strength meter in the hollow metal cavity is transmitted through the optical fiber through the waveguide hole, and the optical fiber is transmitted to the computer through the second waveguide hole on the wall of the reverberation chamber, and the reverberation chamber and the hollow metal cavity are placed outside a second stirrer and transmitting antenna;
步骤3：将被测织物材料紧贴覆盖在所述窗口上，设置发射天线的参数并启动，同时开启第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器； Step 3: Cover the fabric material to be tested on the window, set the parameters of the transmitting antenna and start it, and turn on the first agitator and the second agitator at the same time;
所述第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器每步进旋转一次就记录一次此时场强计采集的电场强度，计算其平均电场强度值记作E1； Described first agitator and second agitator just record the electric field strength that field strength meter collects at this moment once every stepping rotation once, calculate its average electric field strength value and record as E 1 ;
步骤4：撤去所述窗口上的被测织物材料，保持步骤1中场强计位置不变，保持步骤3中发射天线的参数不变，保持第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器的搅拌效率不变，所述第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器每步进旋转一次就记录一次此时场强计采集的电场强度，计算其平均电场强度值记作E2； Step 4: Remove the tested fabric material on the window, keep the position of the field intensity meter in step 1 unchanged, keep the parameters of the transmitting antenna in step 3 constant, and keep the stirring efficiency of the first agitator and the second agitator constant. change, the first agitator and the second agitator will record the electric field strength collected by the field strength meter once every step and rotate once, and calculate its average electric field strength value as E 2 ;
步骤5：采用如下公式（1）计算被测织物材料的的屏蔽性能SE： Step 5: Calculate the shielding performance SE of the tested fabric material using the following formula (1):
SE=20*log(E1/ E2) （1）。 SE=20*log(E 1 /E 2 ) (1).
所述被测织物材料通过法兰紧贴覆盖在窗口上。 The tested fabric material is tightly covered on the window through the flange.
所述发射天线的方向对准混响室内距离其最近的角落。 The direction of the transmitting antenna is aligned with the nearest corner of the reverberation chamber.
所述步骤3中第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器的步进转速一致。 In step 3, the stepping speeds of the first agitator and the second agitator are consistent.
本发明的有益效果是：（1）本方法避免了在其内、外两侧分别设置场强计，仅需在空心腔体内设置一个场强计，测试结果不受窗口大小的影响，测试设备更简单，测试结果更稳定，重复性更好。（2）由于对窗口的大小没有要求，对于某些成本较高的织物材料或某些因本身特性关系无法做大的织物材料，更加适用，使用范围广。（3）利用在混响室中产生的多个方向电磁辐射，更接近实际工作中的电磁环境，较依据单一方向一列波辐射的测试结果更具实用性。（4）除根据被测织物材料的需要选择合适窗口的空心腔体进行测试外，无需添加新的设备，易于在混响室条件下推广应用。 The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) This method avoids setting up field strength meters on the inner and outer sides of the method, and only needs to install a field strength meter in the hollow cavity. The test results are not affected by the size of the window, and the test equipment Simpler, more stable test results and better repeatability. (2) Since there is no requirement for the size of the window, it is more suitable for some fabric materials with high cost or some fabric materials that cannot be enlarged due to their own characteristics, and has a wide range of applications. (3) Using the multi-directional electromagnetic radiation generated in the reverberation chamber is closer to the electromagnetic environment in actual work, and is more practical than the test results based on a single wave radiation in a single direction. (4) In addition to selecting a hollow cavity with a suitable window for testing according to the needs of the tested fabric material, there is no need to add new equipment, and it is easy to popularize and apply under reverberation chamber conditions.
附图说明 Description of drawings
附图1为本发明的测试方法流程图。 Accompanying drawing 1 is the test method flow chart of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合说明书附图1和实施例，对本发明进行进一步说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 of description and embodiment, the present invention is further described:
所述空心金属腔体为边长为55*50cm的矩形，窗口为直径为45cm的圆孔。如附图1所示，其操作步骤如下： The hollow metal cavity is a rectangle with a side length of 55*50 cm, and the window is a round hole with a diameter of 45 cm. As shown in accompanying drawing 1, its operation steps are as follows:
步骤1：构建一空心金属腔体，在所述空心金属腔体表面设置窗口和第一波导孔，将场强计和第一搅拌器放置在所述空心金属腔体内，将所述空心金属腔体放置在混响室工作区域内； Step 1: Construct a hollow metal cavity, set a window and a first waveguide hole on the surface of the hollow metal cavity, place the field strength meter and the first stirrer in the hollow metal cavity, place the hollow metal cavity The body is placed in the working area of the reverberation room;
步骤2：搭建混响室工作环境： Step 2: Build the working environment of the reverberation room:
通过光纤穿过波导孔将空心金属腔体内场强计的信号传出，所述光纤再经过混响室壁上的第二波导孔传出至计算机，所述混响室内、空心金属腔体外放置第二搅拌器和发射天线； The signal of the field strength meter in the hollow metal cavity is transmitted through the optical fiber through the waveguide hole, and the optical fiber is transmitted to the computer through the second waveguide hole on the wall of the reverberation chamber, and the reverberation chamber and the hollow metal cavity are placed outside a second stirrer and transmitting antenna;
步骤3：将被测织物材料紧贴覆盖在所述窗口上，设置发射天线的参数并启动，同时开启第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器并使其转速一致； Step 3: Cover the tested fabric material on the window, set the parameters of the transmitting antenna and start it, and simultaneously turn on the first agitator and the second agitator and make them rotate at the same speed;
所述第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器每步进旋转一次就记录一次此时场强计采集的电场强度，计算其平均电场强度值记作E1； Described first agitator and second agitator just record the electric field strength that field strength meter collects at this moment once every stepping rotation once, calculate its average electric field strength value and record as E 1 ;
步骤4：撤去所述窗口上的被测织物材料，保持步骤1中场强计位置不变，保持步骤3中发射天线的参数不变，保持第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器的搅拌效率不变，所述第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器每步进旋转一次就记录一次此时场强计采集的电场强度，计算其平均电场强度值记作E2； Step 4: Remove the tested fabric material on the window, keep the position of the field intensity meter in step 1 unchanged, keep the parameters of the transmitting antenna in step 3 constant, and keep the stirring efficiency of the first agitator and the second agitator constant. change, the first agitator and the second agitator will record the electric field strength collected by the field strength meter once every step and rotate once, and calculate its average electric field strength value as E 2 ;
步骤5：采用如下公式（1）计算被测织物材料的的屏蔽性能SE： Step 5: Calculate the shielding performance SE of the tested fabric material using the following formula (1):
SE=20*log(E1/ E2) （1）。 SE=20*log(E 1 /E 2 ) (1).
实施例2：所述空心金属腔体的边长为55*50cm的矩形，将所述窗口改为30*30cm的方孔，其他条件不变，重复上述步骤1~5，可以发现，测试结果不受窗口大小的影响。 Embodiment 2: The side length of the hollow metal cavity is a rectangle of 55*50cm, the window is changed to a square hole of 30*30cm, other conditions remain unchanged, and the above steps 1~5 are repeated, it can be found that the test results Not affected by window size.
所述被测织物材料通过法兰紧贴覆盖在窗口上。 The tested fabric material is tightly covered on the window through the flange.
所述发射天线放置在混响室内，其距离混响室内各个角落的距离不同，发射天线的对准方向为混响室内距离其最近的那个角落。 The transmitting antenna is placed in the reverberation chamber, and its distance from each corner of the reverberation chamber is different, and the direction of the transmitting antenna is the corner closest to it in the reverberation chamber.
所述步骤3中第一搅拌器和第二搅拌器的步进转速一致。 In the step 3, the stepping speeds of the first agitator and the second agitator are consistent.
本方法避免了在其内、外两侧分别设置场强计，仅需在空心腔体内设置一个场强计，测试结果不受窗口大小的影响，测试设备更简单，测试结果更稳定，重复性更好。 This method avoids setting up field strength meters on the inner and outer sides of the cavity, and only needs to set up a field strength meter in the hollow cavity. The test results are not affected by the size of the window. The test equipment is simpler, the test results are more stable, and the repeatability better.
由于对窗口的大小没有要求，对于某些成本较高的织物材料或某些因本身特性关系无法做大的织物材料，更加适用，使用范围广。 Since there is no requirement for the size of the window, it is more suitable for some fabric materials with high cost or some fabric materials that cannot be enlarged due to their own characteristics, and has a wide range of applications.
利用在混响室中产生的多个方向电磁辐射，更接近实际工作中的电磁环境，较依据单一方向一列波辐射的测试结果更具实用性。 Using the multi-directional electromagnetic radiation generated in the reverberation chamber is closer to the electromagnetic environment in actual work, and is more practical than the test results based on a single wave radiation in a single direction.
除根据被测织物材料的需要选择合适窗口的空心腔体进行测试外，无需添加新的设备，易于在混响室条件下推广应用。 In addition to selecting a hollow cavity with a suitable window for testing according to the needs of the fabric material to be tested, there is no need to add new equipment, and it is easy to popularize and apply under reverberation chamber conditions.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应该涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. , should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN106443208B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | Shield effectiveness measurement method, measuring system and the calibration system of shielding material |
| CN107255755B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 华北电力大学 | A Method of Calculating the Partitioned Analytical Model of the Field Distribution in the Rectangular Shield with Openings |
| CN109406899A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Active light transmission shielding membrane shield effect test method, apparatus and system |
| CN114994434A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-02 | 国网智能电网研究院有限公司 | A kind of electric field shielding effectiveness measurement method, system and electronic equipment |
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