CN103742256A - Protection method and protection device for engine and engine supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an engine and an engine supercharger protection method and device, wherein the engine supercharger protection method includes: preset the first set supercharging pressure number to be obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as Pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor is the torque limit value; when the engine is in a steady state, the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor is obtained in real time; when the boost pressure data reaches When the pressure warning value is reached, a safety alarm command is issued; when the boost pressure data reaches the torque limit value, a torque limit command is generated. Through the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure value of the engine intake pipe can be monitored in real time, so as to ensure that an alarm can be issued or the torque can be limited when the bleed valve of the supercharger fails, so effectively eliminating the pressure caused by the bleed valve of the supercharger. Safety hazards caused by failures.

Description

Engine, engine supercharger protection method and device

technical field

The invention relates to the mechanical field, and more specifically relates to a method and a device for protecting an engine and an engine supercharger.

Background technique

With the increasingly stringent requirements of engine emission regulations, the application of various engine aftertreatment technologies has been rapidly popularized. For the sake of cost control, many engine manufacturers use turbochargers with ordinary bleed valves in the selection of superchargers, and then use EGR (Exhaust Gas Recycling, exhaust gas recirculation) and oxidative catalytic conversion on this basis. technologies such as filter, particulate filter or selective catalytic reduction to meet the emission requirements of different standards.

Take an engine that adopts EGR and cooperates with an ordinary turbocharger with a blow-off valve as an example. When matching the turbocharger, it is necessary to consider the EGR drive capability. In this way, it is necessary to sacrifice the economy of the high-speed part of the engine for matching. A turbocharger with a smaller volute. At this time, increasing the pre-vortex pressure can better meet the high EGR rate requirements, but it also increases the risk of turbocharger failure. This is because, if the purge valve cannot be opened normally, it may cause the turbocharger to block and overspeed and fail, that is, the technical solution in the prior art may cause the turbocharger to fail, thereby causing a safety hazard.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an engine and engine supercharger protection method and device to achieve the purpose of avoiding potential safety hazards caused by the blow-off valve of the supercharger.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A method for protecting an engine supercharger, comprising:

Preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as the pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor is the torque limit value;

When the engine is in a steady-state working condition, acquire the supercharging pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor in real time;

When the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value, a safety alarm instruction is issued; when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limiting value, a torque limiting instruction is generated.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the steady-state working conditions include:

Whether the engine is in a steady state is determined according to the rate of change of the rotational speed, the rate of change of the throttle and the rate of change of the fuel supply amount of the engine in operation.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first preset boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the engine intake pipe is a pressure warning value, including:

When setting performance calibration, the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor is the basic value of boost pressure; when setting performance calibration, the opening degree of the purge valve is the opening value;

Gradually reduce the opening degree of the purge valve starting from the basic value of the opening degree, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor;

generating an engine joint operating line of the engine according to the boost pressure data and the intake air quantity of the engine;

When the combined engine operation line reaches 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed region, the boost pressure data obtained is set as the first preset boost pressure number.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor is a torque limit value, including:

When the combined engine operation line reaches the overspeed line in the high-speed region, the boost pressure data acquired is set as the second preset boost pressure number.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

Preset the set temperature data obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as the temperature warning value;

When the engine is in a steady state condition, acquire the temperature data of the pressure temperature sensor in real time;

When the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value, a safety alarm instruction is issued.

In an embodiment of the present invention, an engine supercharger protection device is also provided, including:

The threshold value setting module is used to preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor The pressure number is the torque limit value;

A sensor data acquisition module, configured to acquire the boost pressure data of the pressure and temperature sensor in real time when the engine is in a steady state;

An instruction generating unit, configured to issue a safety alarm instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value; and generate a torque limiting instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limiting value.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the threshold setting module includes:

A benchmark setting module, used to set the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor during performance calibration as the base value of boost pressure; set the opening of the purge valve during performance calibration as the base value of the opening;

An operation line generation module, used to gradually reduce the opening of the purge valve starting from the basic value of the opening, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor; according to the boost pressure data and the The air intake amount of the engine generates an engine combined operation line of the engine;

The pressure warning value acquisition module is used to set the boost pressure data acquired when the combined engine operation line reaches 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed region as the first preset boost pressure number.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the threshold setting module further includes:

The torque limit acquisition module is used to set the boost pressure data acquired when the combined engine operation line reaches the overspeed line in the high-speed region as the second preset boost pressure value.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention,

The threshold value setting module is also used to preset the set temperature data obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a temperature warning value;

The sensor data acquisition module is also used to acquire the temperature data of the pressure and temperature sensor in real time when the engine is in a steady state;

The instruction generating unit is further configured to issue a safety alarm instruction when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value.

In an embodiment of the present invention, an engine is also provided, including:

The threshold value setting module is used to preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor The pressure number is the torque limit value;

A sensor data acquisition module, configured to acquire the boost pressure data of the pressure and temperature sensor in real time when the engine is in a steady state;

An instruction generating unit, configured to issue a safety alarm instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value; and generate a torque limiting instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limiting value.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the temperature data and pressure data acquired by the pressure temperature sensor on the engine intake pipe, and by pre-setting the pressure threshold and temperature threshold on the engine intake pipe, and then During the process, by monitoring the pressure and temperature of the engine intake pipe in real time, a corresponding warning or torque limit is issued when the temperature data and pressure data reach the set value; Pressure value, so as to ensure that an alarm can be issued or the torque can be limited when the bleed valve of the supercharger fails, so the potential safety hazard caused by the bleed valve failure of the supercharger can be effectively eliminated.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the engine supercharger protection method described in the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of another step of the engine supercharger protection method described in the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of another step of the engine supercharger protection method described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another step of the engine supercharger protection method described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the engine supercharger protection method described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the engine supercharger protection device in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

When matching the turbocharger, the surge margin, blockage margin, and plateau margin of the combined operation line of the engine should be considered on the basis of meeting the target performance of the external characteristics of the engine, so as to ensure the safety performance. When matching the supercharger, in order to take into account the medium and low speed performance, the ordinary bleed valve turbocharger often needs a certain degree of bleed in the high speed area. If the bleed valve actuator cannot be opened normally due to a fault, there will be a blockage There is a risk of overspeed, and there are potential safety hazards, especially for EGR models. In order to take into account the EGR driving capacity of the discharge area when matching the supercharger, a relatively small volute will be used. In the high-speed area of the line, if the bleed valve cannot be opened normally, it will cause the supercharger to block and overspeed and fail.

In order to eliminate the above potential safety hazards, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for protecting an engine supercharger, as shown in FIG. 1 , including:

S11. Preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as the pressure warning value; use the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor as the torque limit value;

The inventor found through research that when the bleed valve fails to open, the pressure or temperature of the engine intake pipe will be too high, so by monitoring the pressure and temperature of the engine intake pipe, it can be known whether the bleed valve is working normally , and from this we can know whether the supercharger may be clogged and overspeeded due to the failure of the purge valve. For this reason, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the pressure temperature sensor that generally all can be provided with on the intake pipe of the engine, to monitor the pressure of the intake pipe.

In order to monitor whether the pressure or temperature of the engine intake pipe is too high, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preset first set boost pressure number is preset as the pressure warning value, and the second set boost pressure number is preset is the torque limit value;

In practical applications, when the pressure warning value is preset, the details can be shown in Figure 2, including steps:

S21. Set the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor during performance calibration as the base value of boost pressure; set the opening of the purge valve during performance calibration as the base value of the opening;

S22. Gradually reduce the opening of the purge valve starting from the basic value of the opening, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure and temperature sensor;

S23, generating an engine combined operation line of the engine according to the supercharging pressure data and the engine air intake;

S24. Set the boost pressure data obtained when the combined engine operation line reaches 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed region as the first preset boost pressure number.

Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the supercharging pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine. According to the target requirements of the external characteristics of the engine, the corresponding supercharging pressure data in the intake pipe is obtained during performance calibration as the basic value of supercharging pressure; at the same time, the opening degree of the purge valve during performance calibration can also be set as the basic value of the opening degree . Then, on this basis, gradually adjust the spring preload of the bleed valve actuator so that the opening speed point of the bleed valve is delayed; The opening of the valve is gradually reduced, which will gradually increase the boost pressure on the intake pipe of the engine. At the same time, the boost pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor will be obtained in real time. In this way, according to the process The supercharging pressure and intake air volume continuously obtained in the process can be calculated according to the formula of pressure ratio and flow to generate the engine running line; When the 5% margin from the blockage line is reached, the boost pressure data obtained by the pressure temperature sensor at this time is set as the first preset boost pressure number, and the first preset boost pressure number is the pressure warning value.

In practical applications, when the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor is the torque limit value, the details can be as shown in Figure 3, including steps:

S31. Set the supercharging pressure data of the performance calibration pressure temperature sensor as the basic value of the supercharging pressure; set the opening degree of the purge valve during performance calibration as the basic value of the opening degree;

S32. Gradually reduce the opening degree of the purge valve starting from the basic value of the opening degree, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor;

S33. Generating an engine combined operation line of the engine according to the supercharging pressure data and the intake air volume of the engine;

S34. Set the supercharging pressure data obtained when the combined engine operation line reaches the overspeeding line in the high-speed region as a second preset supercharging pressure number.

Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the supercharging pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine. According to the target requirements of the external characteristics of the engine, the corresponding supercharging pressure data in the intake pipe is obtained during performance calibration as the basic value of supercharging pressure; at the same time, the opening degree of the purge valve during performance calibration can also be set as the basic value of the opening degree . Then, on this basis, gradually adjust the spring preload of the bleed valve actuator so that the opening speed point of the bleed valve is delayed; The opening degree of the valve is gradually reduced, which will increase the boost pressure on the intake pipe of the engine. At the same time, the boost pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor will be obtained in real time. In this way, according to the The continuously obtained supercharging pressure and intake air volume can be calculated by the pressure ratio and flow calculation formula to generate the engine running line; after drawing the engine running line on the supercharger MAP map, the engine running line can be drawn when the engine running line is in the high-speed area When the overspeed line is reached, the supercharging pressure data obtained by the pressure temperature sensor at this time is set as the second preset supercharging pressure number, and the second preset supercharging pressure number is the torque limit value.

S12. When the engine is in a steady-state working condition, obtain the supercharging pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor in real time;

When the engine is in a steady state, the obtained boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor can indicate whether the blow-off valve is faulty. In order to monitor the purge valve at any time, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the engine is in a steady state, the supercharging pressure data of the pressure and temperature sensor is acquired in real time.

In practical applications, it may be determined whether the engine is in a steady state according to the rate of change of the rotational speed, the rate of change of the throttle and the rate of change of the fuel supply amount of the running engine.

S13. When the boost pressure data reaches the pressure warning value, a safety alarm command is issued; when the boost pressure data reaches the torque limit value, a torque limit command is generated.

When the boost pressure data acquired in real time from the pressure temperature sensor reaches the pressure warning value or the torque limit value, it indicates that the purge valve is faulty.

Specifically, when the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value, a safety alarm command is issued, so that the staff can be warned in time, so that the staff can timely check and repair the air release valve, and then troubleshoot in time. Avoid potential safety hazards caused by deflation valve failure.

In addition, by generating a torque limit command when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limit value, the further closing of the bleed valve is restricted, thereby effectively avoiding the safety hazard caused by the bleed valve failure; in practical applications, by automatically generating The torque limit command can avoid the engine running in dangerous conditions, automatically start the limp home mode to achieve protection, and at the same time remind the staff to check and repair the air release valve.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, it may also include steps as shown in FIG. 4:

S41. Presetting the set temperature data obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a temperature warning value;

Since the temperature of the intake pipe can also indicate whether the purge valve is working normally, for this reason, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preset temperature data can also be preset as the temperature warning value.

S42. When the engine is in a steady-state working condition, obtain the temperature data of the pressure and temperature sensor in real time;

In order to monitor the purge valve at any time, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the engine is in a steady state, the temperature data of the pressure and temperature sensor is acquired in real time.

S43. Sending a safety alarm command when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value.

When the boost pressure data obtained from the pressure and temperature sensor in real time reaches the temperature warning, it indicates that the purge valve has failed.

Specifically, when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value, a safety alarm command is issued, so that the staff can be warned in time, so that the staff can timely check and repair the air release valve, and then can eliminate the fault in time, avoiding the Potential safety hazards caused by deflation valve failure.

In practical applications, the specific process of the embodiment of the present invention can be shown in Figure 5, including:

the engine starts running;

Determine whether the engine is in a steady state;

When the engine is in a steady state, monitor the state of the purge valve;

When the boost pressure data reaches the pressure warning value, a safety alarm command is issued;

When the boost pressure data reaches the torque limit value, a torque limit command is generated.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the temperature data and pressure data acquired by the pressure temperature sensor on the engine intake pipe, and by pre-setting the pressure threshold and temperature threshold on the engine intake pipe, and then During the process, by monitoring the pressure and temperature of the engine intake pipe in real time, a corresponding warning or torque limit is issued when the temperature data and pressure data reach the set value; Pressure value, so as to ensure that an alarm can be issued or the torque can be limited when the bleed valve of the supercharger fails, so the potential safety hazard caused by the bleed valve failure of the supercharger can be effectively eliminated.

In another embodiment of the present invention, an engine supercharger protection device is also provided, as shown in Figure 6, comprising:

The threshold value setting module 01 is used to preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor 04 The pressure number is the torque limit value; the sensor data acquisition module 02 is used to acquire the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor 04 in real time when the engine is in a steady state; the command generation unit 03 is used to obtain the boost pressure data when the boost pressure data reaches the When the warning value is reached, a safety alarm command is issued; when the boost pressure data reaches the torque limit value, a torque limit command is generated.

In order to monitor whether the pressure or temperature of the engine intake pipe is too high, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first set boost pressure number is preset as the pressure warning value through the threshold value setting module 01, and the second setting is preset The boost pressure number is the torque limit value;

In practical applications, the threshold setting module 01 may specifically include:

The benchmark setting module is used to set the supercharging pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor 04 as the basic value of the supercharging pressure during performance calibration; the opening degree of the purge valve during performance calibration is set as the basic value of the opening degree;

The operation line generation module is used to gradually reduce the opening of the bleed valve starting from the basic value of the opening, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor 04; generate the engine engine according to the boost pressure data and the intake air volume of the engine joint operating line;

The pressure warning value acquisition module is used to set the boost pressure data acquired when the combined engine operation line reaches 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed region as the first preset boost pressure number.

Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the supercharging pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine. According to the target requirements of the external characteristics of the engine, the reference setting module obtains the corresponding boost pressure data in the intake pipe as the basic value of the boost pressure during performance calibration; at the same time, the reference setting module can also set the air release valve during performance calibration The opening degree is the basic value of the opening degree. Then, on this basis, gradually adjust the spring preload of the bleed valve actuator so that the opening speed point of the bleed valve is delayed; The opening degree of the valve is gradually reduced, which will increase the boost pressure on the intake pipe of the engine. At the same time, the boost pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor will be obtained in real time. In this way, according to the The continuously obtained supercharging pressure and intake air volume, the operating line generation module can calculate and generate the engine operating line according to the pressure ratio and flow calculation formula; after drawing the engine operating line on the supercharger MAP map, the pressure warning value acquisition module will When the engine running line reaches a margin of 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed area, the boost pressure data obtained by the pressure temperature sensor is set as the first preset boost pressure number, and the first preset boost pressure number is Pressure warning value.

In practical applications, the threshold value setting module can also include a torque limit value acquisition module, and the torque limit value acquisition module is used to set the boost pressure data acquired as the second predetermined value when the combined engine operation line reaches the overspeed line in the high-speed area. Set boost pressure number.

The specific torque limit acquisition module is used to set the supercharging pressure data obtained by the pressure and temperature sensor as the second preset supercharging pressure number when the engine running line reaches the overspeeding line in the high-speed area. The pressure value is the torque limit value.

The sensor data acquisition module 02 is used to acquire the supercharging pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor in real time when the engine is in a steady-state working condition, specifically:

When the engine is in a steady state, the obtained boost pressure data from the pressure temperature sensor 04 can indicate whether the purge valve is faulty. In order to monitor the purge valve at any time, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the engine is in a steady state, the sensor data acquisition module 02 acquires the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor 04 in real time.

In practical applications, it may be determined whether the engine is in a steady state according to the rate of change of the rotational speed, the rate of change of the throttle and the rate of change of the fuel supply amount of the running engine.

The command generation unit 03 is used to issue a safety alarm command when the boost pressure data reaches the pressure warning value; generate a torque limit command when the boost pressure data reaches the torque limit value, specifically:

When the supercharging pressure data acquired in real time from the pressure temperature sensor 04 reaches the pressure warning value or the torque limit value, it indicates that the purge valve has failed.

Specifically, the instruction generation unit 03 issues a safety alarm instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value, so that the staff can be warned in time, so that the staff can check and repair the air release valve in time, and then can timely Troubleshooting to avoid potential safety hazards caused by the failure of the air release valve.

In addition, the command generation unit 03 generates a torque limit command when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limit value, thereby restricting further closing of the purge valve, thereby effectively avoiding potential safety hazards caused by purge valve failure.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, it may also include:

The threshold setting module 01 is also used to preset the set temperature data obtained from the pressure temperature sensor 04 on the intake pipe of the engine as a temperature warning value;

The sensor data acquisition module 02 is also used to acquire the temperature data of the pressure temperature sensor 04 in real time when the engine is in a steady state;

The instruction generating unit 03 is also used for issuing a safety alarm instruction when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value.

When the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor 04 obtained in real time reaches the temperature warning, it indicates that the purge valve is faulty.

Specifically, when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value, a safety alarm command is issued, so that the staff can be warned in time, so that the staff can timely check and repair the air release valve, and then can eliminate the fault in time, avoiding the Potential safety hazards caused by deflation valve failure.

In another embodiment of the present invention, an engine is also provided, including the supercharger protection device in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 6 .

Since the supercharger protection device included in the engine in this embodiment is similar in structure to the supercharger protection device in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 6, the principle is the same, and the effect is the same, so it will not be discussed here. Let me repeat.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. As for the device provided in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method provided in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant details, please refer to the description of the method part.

The above description of the embodiments provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features presented herein.

Claims (10)

1. A method for protecting an engine supercharger, comprising: Preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as the pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor is the torque limit value; When the engine is in a steady-state working condition, acquire the supercharging pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor in real time; When the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value, a safety alarm instruction is issued; when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limiting value, a torque limiting instruction is generated. 2. according to the protection method of engine supercharger described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steady-state operating condition comprises: Whether the engine is in a steady state is determined according to the rate of change of the rotational speed, the rate of change of the throttle and the rate of change of the fuel supply amount of the engine in operation. 3. The engine supercharger protection method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the engine intake pipe is a pressure warning value, comprising : When setting performance calibration, the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor is the basic value of boost pressure; when setting performance calibration, the opening degree of the purge valve is the opening value; Gradually reduce the opening degree of the purge valve starting from the basic value of the opening degree, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor; generating an engine joint operating line of the engine according to the boost pressure data and the intake air quantity of the engine; When the combined engine operation line reaches 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed region, the boost pressure data obtained is set as the first preset boost pressure number. 4. The engine supercharger protection method according to claim 3, wherein the second set boost pressure value acquired from the pressure temperature sensor is a torque limit value, comprising: When the combined engine operation line reaches the overspeed line in the high-speed region, the boost pressure data acquired is set as the second preset boost pressure number. 5. According to the engine supercharger protection method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprising: Preset the set temperature data obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as the temperature warning value; When the engine is in a steady state condition, acquire the temperature data of the pressure temperature sensor in real time; A safety alarm instruction is issued when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value. 6. A protective device for an engine supercharger, comprising: The threshold value setting module is used to preset the first set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a pressure warning value; the second set boost pressure value obtained from the pressure temperature sensor The pressure number is the torque limit value; A sensor data acquisition module, configured to acquire the boost pressure data of the pressure and temperature sensor in real time when the engine is in a steady state; An instruction generating unit, configured to issue a safety alarm instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the pressure warning value; and generate a torque limiting instruction when the supercharging pressure data reaches the torque limiting value. 7. The engine supercharger protection device according to claim 6, wherein the threshold setting module comprises: A benchmark setting module, used to set the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor during performance calibration as the base value of boost pressure; set the opening of the purge valve during performance calibration as the base value of the opening; An operation line generation module, used to gradually reduce the opening of the purge valve starting from the basic value of the opening, and at the same time obtain the boost pressure data of the pressure temperature sensor; according to the boost pressure data and the The air intake amount of the engine generates the combined engine operation line of the engine; The pressure warning value acquisition module is used to set the boost pressure data acquired when the combined engine operation line reaches 5% from the blockage line in the high-speed region as the first preset boost pressure number. 8. According to the protection device of the engine supercharger described in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the threshold value setting module further comprises: The torque limit acquisition module is used to set the boost pressure data acquired when the combined engine operation line reaches the overspeed line in the high-speed region as the second preset boost pressure value. 9. The engine supercharger protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The threshold value setting module is also used to preset the set temperature data obtained from the pressure temperature sensor on the intake pipe of the engine as a temperature warning value; The sensor data acquisition module is also used to acquire the temperature data of the pressure and temperature sensor in real time when the engine is in a steady state; The instruction generating unit is further configured to issue a safety alarm instruction when the temperature data reaches the temperature warning value. 10. An engine, characterized by comprising the supercharger protection device according to any one of claims 6-9.

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