CN103735401B - Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system based on pulse blood oxygen - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, system, and corresponding pulse oximetry plug-in and medical equipment for cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control based on pulse oximetry. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system includes a signal acquisition unit for collecting the blood oxygen signal of the subject, and a data processing unit for data conversion and data processing to obtain peripheral circulation related parameters, especially peripheral circulation parameters related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation , and an output unit for outputting the associated information of the peripheral circulation related parameters. Among them, the data processing unit converts the collected blood oxygen signal into a digital signal containing at least part of the hemodynamic characteristics, and calculates the characteristic peripheral circulation parameters reflecting the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the digital signal, including frequency, chest compression Depth-dependent magnitude and area under the curve. By adopting the above parameters, the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be fed back in a real-time, convenient and non-invasive manner.

Description

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system based on pulse oximetry

technical field

The present application relates to the medical field, in particular to a medical device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a plug-in unit, a method and system for cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control.

Background technique

Cardiovascular disease has become the most important cause of human morbidity and death, causing approximately 17,000,000 deaths worldwide each year, many of which manifest as sudden cardiac death. Sudden cardiac death has become an important killer that threatens human life and health, and the most effective and direct medical method for this situation is cardiopulmonary resuscitation (hereinafter referred to as CPR). CPR creates temporary artificial circulation by increasing pressure in the chest (chest pump mechanism) or directly squeezing the heart (cardiac pump mechanism) to create blood flow that delivers oxygen to the brain and other vital organs.

The 2010 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines emphasize that the key to successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation is to perform high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation as early as possible. The frequency of CPR compressions should be at least 100 times/minute, and the compression depth should be at least 5 cm to achieve high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the process of high-quality CPR Among them, the cardiac output (CO) can only reach 1/4 or 1/3 of the normal cardiac output. In clinical practice, manual compression or mechanical compression is usually used, but no matter whether manual or mechanical equipment is used for external chest cardiac compression, the compression frequency and compression range are often insufficient due to various reasons, and the resuscitation effect is poor. Therefore, in the process of cardiac resuscitation , it is particularly important to monitor the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Although it is proposed in the guidelines that end-tidal carbon dioxide and invasive blood pressure monitoring can detect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is difficult to implement and promote it in actual clinical work due to factors such as invasiveness and the need for specialized medical equipment. A resuscitation quality monitoring and feedback system that is convenient, non-invasive, economical, can reflect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in real time, and can be widely used needs to be developed urgently.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides a medical device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a plug-in, a cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control method and a system, and realizes the feedback of the implementation quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a non-invasive manner.

According to the first aspect of the application, the application provides a medical device, which includes:

The light emitting receiver includes a receiving tube and a light emitting tube. The light emitting tube emits at least one optical signal for passing through human tissue, and the receiving tube receives at least one optical signal passing through human tissue and converts it into at least one electrical signal;

A digital processor, configured to convert the electrical signal into a digital signal, and process the digital signal to obtain parameters related to peripheral circulation; wherein the digital signal includes at least part of hemodynamic characteristics;

An output module, configured to output associated information corresponding to the relevant parameters of the peripheral circulation.

According to the second aspect of the application, the application also provides a medical device, including:

The blood oxygen probe is used to detect the measured part of the subject and detect the blood oxygen signal of the subject in real time;

The blood oxygen module, coupled to the blood oxygen probe, is used to collect the blood oxygen signal output by the blood oxygen probe, generate the pulse oximetry waveform based on the blood oxygen signal, calculate the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximetry waveform, and output information about said parameters;

The output module, coupled to the blood oxygen module, is used to feed back the relevant information of the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation output by the blood oxygen module.

According to the third aspect of the application, the application provides a medical device plug-in, which includes:

shell components;

The physiological signal acquisition interface is located on the outer surface of the shell assembly and is used for connecting signal acquisition accessories;

The physiological signal processing module is located inside the shell assembly, the physiological signal processing module acquires the acquisition signal through the physiological signal acquisition interface, converts the acquisition signal into a digital signal, and calculates relevant parameters of the peripheral circulation based on the digital signal;

An interactive interface, the physiological signal processing module performs information interaction with a host through the interactive interface.

According to the fourth aspect of the present application, the present application provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control method, the method is used to process one or more of at least two measured signals to calculate the peripheral circulation correlation based on the measured signals parameters; where the method includes:

Confirming the pulse signal according to the measured signal;

calculating the peripheral circulation related parameters according to the pulse signal, and

The relevant parameters of the peripheral circulation are displayed on the display interface.

According to the fifth aspect of the present application, the present application also provides a cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control method, including:

processing one or more of the at least two measured signals to calculate a peripheral circulation-related parameter reflecting the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the measured signals;

Wherein, the peripheral circulation-related parameters that reflect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation include one or more of the following parameters: a first reflection parameter, a second reflection parameter, and a third reflection parameter, and the first reflection parameter is used to reflect changes in the frequency of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compressions characteristics, the second reflection parameter is used to reflect the depth variation characteristics of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compressions, and the third reflection parameter is used to reflect the comprehensive variation characteristics of the frequency and depth of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compressions.

In one embodiment, the parameters related to peripheral circulation (hereinafter also referred to as peripheral circulation parameters) include parameters reflecting the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which further include parameters reflecting the frequency variation characteristics, depth variation characteristics, and frequency and depth of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compressions respectively. The first, second, and third reflective parameters of the composite change feature.

In one embodiment, the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (hereinafter also referred to as the peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry) include the blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform and the peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing. The peripheral circulation parameters include the amplitude characteristic of a single pulse wave and/or the area characteristic of a single pulse wave.

In one embodiment, the first reflection parameter is determined by performing frequency identification on a measured signal (such as pulse oximetry waveform) containing at least part of the hemodynamic characteristics, and by performing frequency identification on the measured signal containing at least part of the hemodynamic characteristics The second reflection parameter is determined by changing the amplitude of the signal (such as the pulse oximetry waveform), and the third reflection parameter is determined by area integration of the measured signal (such as the pulse oximetry waveform) containing at least part of the hemodynamic characteristics.

The present application also provides a use of the above-mentioned medical device, medical device plug-in or system in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control.

In this embodiment of the present application, parameters related to the peripheral circulation are calculated based on the collected signals containing at least part of the hemodynamic characteristics, and the parameters can be used to provide timely feedback on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation including compression depth and compression frequency; since the digital signal is collected from the outside of the body, Therefore, there is no trauma to the patient, so that the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be fed back in a real-time, convenient and non-invasive manner. In addition, when the pulse oximetry waveform is used as the basis for calculating peripheral circulation parameters, the original data for calculating blood oxygen saturation can be used, so no additional feedback equipment is required.

The pulse oximetry plug-in that can be used for the quality feedback of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the embodiment of the present application can be made into an independent pluggable module to be used together with the bedside equipment, which is convenient to use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of blood oxygen detection according to an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a waveform diagram of the original blood oxygen signal;

Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of fluctuation components separated from the original blood oxygen signal;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of feedback of peripheral circulation parameters related to pulse oximetry in the form of text display in an embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram after amplifying the blood oxygen signal in an embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of another embodiment central pulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control;

Fig. 8a is a flow chart of feeding back peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry in an embodiment;

Fig. 8b is a flow chart of feeding back peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry in another embodiment;

Figure 9a is a schematic diagram showing the area index distribution range and waveform in a visual manner in an embodiment;

Fig. 9b is a schematic diagram showing an amplitude exponential waveform in a visual manner in an embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram of a fluctuation component considering interference factors in an embodiment;

Fig. 11 is a blood oxygen signal spectrum distribution diagram of the sampling frequency domain analysis method in an embodiment;

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment central pulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system;

Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the central pulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical device in an embodiment;

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse oximeter plug-in in an embodiment;

Fig. 16 is a block diagram of a blood oxygen module in an embodiment;

Figure 17 is the display interface in the presence of autonomous circulation;

Figure 18 is the display interface in the case of spontaneous circulation disappearing;

Figure 19 is a display interface during low-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation;

Figure 20 is a display interface during medium-weight cardiopulmonary resuscitation;

Fig. 21 is a display interface during high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present invention proposes a medical device, method and plug-in for feedback control of the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on a signal comprising at least part of hemodynamic characteristics. The signal containing at least part of the hemodynamic characteristics mentioned here can be converted by collecting the change signal of the absorbed light passing through the human tissue, and the converted signal contains the pulse characteristics of at least part of the human tissue, such as the pulse that will be described in detail below blood oxygen waveform. The real-time pulse characteristics can be identified by identifying the constant component and the fluctuating component of the signal, and the peripheral circulation-related parameters that can reflect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be obtained based on the separated fluctuating component, or the ratio of the fluctuating component to the constant component.

The principle of blood oxygen saturation measurement includes two parts: spectrophotometry and blood volume. Spectrophotometry uses red light with a wavelength of 660nm and infrared light with a wavelength of 940nm. Oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO ₂ ) absorbs less red light at 660nm, but absorbs more infrared light at 940nm; the opposite is true for hemoglobin (Hb) . When measuring blood oxygen saturation, red light and infrared light are used to irradiate biological tissue, and a photodetector is used to detect the red light and infrared light passing through the biological tissue from the other side of the biological tissue, and the corresponding electrical signal is output to calculate the infrared light. The ratio of absorption to red light absorption can determine the degree of oxygenation of hemoglobin, that is, blood oxygen saturation (SaO ₂ ).

Another important principle of pulse oximetry is the necessity of blood perfusion. When the light beam is used to transilluminate the peripheral tissue, the attenuation degree of the detected transilluminated light energy is related to the cardiac cycle. When the heart contracts, the peripheral blood volume is the largest, the light absorption is also the largest, and the detected light energy is the smallest; the opposite is true when the heart relaxes. Changes in light absorption reflect changes in blood volume. Only the changing blood volume can change the strength of transillumination light energy. When the light of 660nm and 940nm passes through the biological tissue, the absorption of HbO ₂ and Hb is very different. organization function. Its absorption can be regarded as the sum of pulsatile absorption and non-pulsatile absorption. The AC component AC is caused by pulsating arterial blood, and the DC component DC is a constant absorption caused by non-pulsating arterial blood, venous blood, tissue and other absorption. The perfusion index (PI) is the percentage of AC to DC (PI=AC/DC×100%). The AC and DC components are described below as fluctuating and constant components, respectively.

The pulse oximetry waveform was originally used to calculate blood oxygen saturation. The pulse oximetry waveform refers to the series of data formed by real-time collection of electrical signals of red light or infrared light passing through biological tissues. Usually, the data includes sampling values and time information. Based on the detected red light and infrared light transmission signals, the red light pulse oximetry waveform and the infrared pulse oximetry waveform can be obtained, and the blood oxygen saturation waveform can be calculated based on the two pulse oximetry waveforms. In clinical research, the inventors found that the pulse oximetry waveform also has a certain correlation with the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. But how to use the pulse oximetry waveform to feedback the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a problem that must be solved.

After a lot of research, the inventor found that the amplitude and area under the curve of the pulse oximetry waveform are correlated with hemodynamic indicators such as cardiac output (CO) and peripheral tissue perfusion. Further studies have found that the pulse oxygen amplitude and the area under the curve can reflect the state of peripheral circulation, and the frequency of the blood oxygen saturation waveform can reflect the frequency of chest compressions; while in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the state of peripheral circulation depends on the artificial circulation. The quality of artificial circulation depends on the depth and frequency of chest compressions. Therefore, the inventor proposes a theory of feedback and control of the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximeter wave.

Embodiment one:

According to the above idea, the embodiment of the present application proposes a cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control method, which calculates the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximetry waveform, and uses the calculated peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to feed back cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality. Peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation include parameters used to feed back the compression frequency and compression depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In this embodiment, the blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform are used to feed back the cardiopulmonary The compression frequency during resuscitation uses the amplitude characteristic and/or area characteristic of the pulse oximetry waveform to feedback the compression depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

From the perspective of digital signal processing, there are two data processing methods: time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis. In a specific example of this specific embodiment, the time domain analysis method is used to process the data, and the flow of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control method is shown in Figure 1, including the following steps:

Step 11, detecting physiological signals such as blood oxygen signals. When cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed on the subject, the blood oxygen probe is used to detect the measured part of the subject in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the blood oxygen signal of the subject is detected in real time. Since the blood oxygen frequency characteristics, amplitude characteristics and area characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform involved in the process of feedbacking the implementation quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the embodiment of the present application do not require the ratio of red light and infrared light transmission signals, red light can be used Either one of the optical pulse oximetry waveform and the infrared optical pulse oximetry waveform, for the convenience of explanation, no matter which one is used is called the pulse oximetry waveform. As shown in Figure 2, in a specific embodiment, a light-emitting device 100 is installed on one side of the blood oxygen probe, and the light-emitting device 100 can be a red light or an infrared light-emitting tube, or can include two red light and infrared light-emitting tubes. The other side of the luminescent tube is equipped with a photodetector 101, which converts the detected red light or infrared light passing through the finger arteries into electrical signals.

Step 12, generating a pulse oximetry waveform based on the collected blood oxygen signal. Since the absorption coefficient of skin, muscle, fat, venous blood, pigment and bone to red light or infrared light is constant, only the concentration of _HbO2 and Hb in the arterial blood flow changes periodically with the arterial blood, thus causing The intensity of the signal output by the photodetector changes periodically, and these periodically changing electrical signals are processed (eg, amplified and/or filtered) to obtain the original pulse oximeter waveform.

Step 13, separating constant components and fluctuating components from the pulse oximetry waveform. As shown in Figure 3, the original signal contains a fluctuating component S _AC and a constant component S _DC . In general, due to factors such as body movement and background light interference, the constant component S _DC will drift with time, that is, the value is not constant and fluctuates with time. The AC component is related to the pulsating blood volume. When the blood flow is the weakest, the blood absorbs the least amount of light, the transmission signal is the strongest, and the AC signal is the maximum value. When the blood is most full, the blood absorbs the largest amount of light, the transmission signal is the weakest, and the AC signal is The minimum value; the DC component is the non-pulsating transmission amount such as musculoskeletal, and the constant component is the minimum value of the signal. Using known techniques, such as mean value technique, smoothing filter technique, FIR/IIR filter technique or curve fitting technique, etc., the constant component S _DC in the original signal is filtered out to obtain the fluctuating component S _AC concerned in this application. The waveform diagram of the separated fluctuating components is shown in Fig. 4 .

Step 14, calculating the blood oxygen frequency characteristic of the pulse oximetry waveform based on the fluctuation component of the pulse oximetry waveform. Derived from the aforementioned principles, it can be known that the fluctuation component S _AC is related to blood flow, and its frequency is consistent with the compression frequency of CPR. The formula is:

Among them, F _CPR is the CPR compression frequency, is the frequency of the fluctuation component S _AC , and the unit of both is Hertz (Hz).

The frequency of the fluctuation component S _AC multiplied by 60 is the blood oxygen frequency characteristic, that is, the number of compressions per minute of CPR. Its formula is:

Among them, Deg _CPR is the number of CPR compressions per minute.

In this step, the blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform are calculated based on the fluctuation components. In another specific example, the blood oxygen frequency characteristics can also be calculated based on the original pulse oximetry waveform. Therefore, this step can also be executed in an exchange order with step 13. .

Step 15: Calculate the peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing based on the fluctuation components of the pulse blood oxygen waveform. In a specific example, the peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing are amplitude characteristics of a single pulse wave. Since the pulse oximeter waveform presents periodic fluctuations, the embodiment of the present application defines a single pulse wave from a trough to a peak. In this step, for the single pulse wave signal of the fluctuation component S _AC , the absolute amplitude value of the single pulse wave is calculated to evaluate the compression depth change during the implementation of CPR. Amplitude values can be calculated using known techniques, such as: maximum amplitude selection method (max amplitude), average amplitude selection method (average amplitude) or root mean square method (root mean square) and other methods to extract each single pulse wave in the fluctuation component the absolute magnitude of . In this embodiment, the root mean square method is used to extract the absolute amplitude value Amp _CPR of each single pulse wave of the S _AC fluctuation component. Its formula is as follows:

Wherein, S _AC (n) is the nth sampling data point of a single pulse wave, and N is the total length of the single pulse wave data, that is, the total number of sampling points of a single pulse wave. Amp _CPR is the absolute amplitude value of a single pulse wave, which can reflect the change state of depth during CPR compression. Usually, the sampling data is a voltage value, so the unit of the absolute amplitude value Amp _CPR can be defined as: PVA (Pulse Oximeter Votage Amplitude).

In another specific example, the peripheral circulation parameter related to the hemodynamic effect produced by pressing may also be the area characteristic of a single pulse wave. In this step, for the single pulse wave signal of the fluctuation component S _AC , the absolute area value of the single pulse wave is calculated to evaluate the change of cardiac output per beat during the implementation of CPR. The absolute area value of a single pulse wave can be calculated using known techniques, such as the area integral method, which is applicable to continuous signals and discrete signals. In this embodiment, based on the characteristics of the fixed sampling frequency of the blood oxygen technology, the absolute area parameter is calculated by point-by-point cumulative integration. Its formula is as follows:

Wherein, S _AC (n) is the nth sampling data point of a single pulse wave, and N is the total length of the single pulse wave data, that is, the total number of sampling points of a single pulse wave. Area _CPR is the absolute area value of a single pulse wave, which can indirectly reflect the change of cardiac output per stroke during CPR compression. Usually, the sampling data is a voltage value, so the unit of the absolute area value Area _CPR can be defined as: PVPG (Pulse Oximeter Voltage Plethysmography), also known as voltage volume.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry may also include both amplitude characteristics and area characteristics, both of which are calculated in this step.

Step 16, feeding back peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on pulse oximetry. The way of feedback can be video or/and audio prompts, such as directly playing the value of the above-mentioned calculated parameters, or first comparing the above-mentioned parameters with the judgment standard to obtain the result of whether the above-mentioned parameters meet the requirements, and then play the result.

The way of feedback can also adopt the way of text display. As shown in Figure 5, the blood oxygen frequency characteristics, single amplitude and single area are displayed.

For the characteristics of blood oxygen frequency, the guideline requires that the compression frequency be ≥ 100 times/min, and the quality of the compression frequency can be considered to be up to standard (this index can be corrected according to a large number of actual clinical application data). During clinical CPR application, medical staff can judge whether the CPR compression frequency is up to standard or stable by observing the characteristic value of blood oxygen frequency or the stability of pulse rate parameters on the display interface, and adjust the CPR compression frequency on the premise of meeting the guidelines. . In this way, the purpose of using the blood oxygen frequency characteristics to feed back and control the compression frequency of CPR is achieved.

For amplitude characteristics, the feedback is the compression depth. In general clinical practice, according to the requirements of the guidelines, when the compression depth is ≥ 5 cm, it can be considered that the compression depth is basically up to the standard (this index can be revised according to a large number of actual clinical application data). Theoretically, Amp _CPR and compression depth exhibit a linear correlation characteristic. When the compression depth is stable, the Amp _CPR parameter values are stable and fluctuate little. In the clinical CPR application process, the compression may be unstable at the beginning. At this time, the Amp _CPR index value may be unstable, that is, the value fluctuates greatly; as the compression depth stabilizes, the Amp _CPR index value is relatively stable, that is, the value remains at Within a small fluctuation range, it can be considered that the CPR compression depth reaches the standard at this time.

For area characteristics, it is an indirect reflection of cardiac output per stroke and cannot be directly equated with cardiac output per stroke. Theoretically, Area _CPR has a linear positive correlation with the cardiac ejection volume per compression. When the compression depth is stable and the frequency is constant, the Area _CPR parameter values are stable and fluctuate little. In the clinical CPR application process, the compression depth and frequency may be unstable at the beginning, and the output Area _CPR index value at this time will also show a characteristic of large fluctuations, that is, the value jump range is relatively large. When the compression depth and frequency are stable, the value of the Area _CPR index will show a relatively stable characteristic, that is, the value range is concentrated in a small fluctuation range. At this time, it can be considered that the effect of CPR implementation is stable.

In addition, the inventor noticed that for different patients, there is a maximum output limit on the cardiac output per stroke. When pressing to a certain extent, if increasing the depth and frequency cannot increase the cardiac output per stroke, it can be considered that the maximum compression of the patient has been reached. Cardiac output. According to this feature, when the Area _CPR is in a relatively stable state, fine-tune the depth and frequency, and observe the changes of the Area _CPR parameters at the same time. If the Area _CPR parameter value has reached the maximum value (for example, the Area _CPR parameter value is ≤10% or 5% Fluctuates within the range, or the value of the Area _CPR parameter no longer increases with the increase of compression depth), then it can be considered that the optimal compression state of cardiac output per stroke has been found. The judgment standard of the maximum value is an engineering parameter, which can be adjusted according to the actual clinical effect.

According to theoretical analysis, when the cardiopulmonary function of the human body stops, the physiological differences of the human body will also decrease. At this time, it can be approximately considered that the human body environment is basically the same, and CPR manual intervention has a relatively stable compression depth and compression frequency. It provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of CPR measurement indicators. CPR compression depth and frequency will cause changes in cardiac output, compression depth affects stroke volume, and changes in stroke volume are indirectly reflected in the single area change of blood oxygen pulse wave and single blood oxygen pulse The amplitude of the wave changes; the components with fixed absorption such as part of the retained blood and bones and tissues of the fingers are indirectly reflected as the DC component of the single pulse signal of the blood oxygen pulse wave. Therefore, the amplitude characteristic and/or area characteristic of a single pulse wave can be used to feed back the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Embodiment two:

In the first embodiment, the absolute amplitude value Amp _CPR and/or the absolute area value Area _CPR are used to measure the effect of CPR implementation from the perspective of absolute signal quantity. According to the trend change and numerical stability of the two parameter values, it can be Determine whether the implementation of CPR has reached the best state. However, the absolute amplitude value Amp _CPR and the absolute area value Area _CPR are analyzed from the perspective of absolute signal quantity, and their parameter values will be affected by changes in the driving current of the blood oxygen module, and cannot be quantified for other groups of people (ie: parameter values for each person inconsistent). In addition, according to the characteristics of the blood oxygen system, in order to ensure that the blood oxygen sampling signal falls within the measurable range, it is necessary to zoom in or out on the signal state, that is, to zoom in or out on the collected blood oxygen signal, and to The pulse oximetry waveform is generated from the final blood oxygen signal, for example, the driving current is adjusted. A change in the drive current will cause the fluctuating and constant components of the signal to change in the same ratio.

In this embodiment, the blood oxygen signal is amplified, as shown in Figure 6, the range is: 0-5V, the solid line signal 601 is in the lower range of the range, and the drive adjustment is required to make the signal fall within a reasonable range within the measurement range. For example, after twice the drive adjustment, the dotted line signal 602 shown in the figure is in the middle of the range. After adjustment, the original fluctuation component AC1 is adjusted to AC2, and the constant component DC1 is adjusted to DC2. According to the driving characteristics, it can be known: AC2=AC1*2, DC2=DC1*2. In this case, the flow of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control method of this embodiment is shown in Figure 7, including the following steps:

Step 21, detecting the blood oxygen signal of the subject. The detection method is the same as step 11.

Step 22, amplifying the collected blood oxygen signal.

Step 23, generating a pulse oximetry waveform based on the amplified blood oxygen signal.

Step 24, separating constant components and fluctuating components from the pulse oximetry waveform.

Step 25, calculating the blood oxygen frequency characteristic of the pulse oximetry waveform based on the pulse oximetry waveform or its fluctuation components. The calculation method is the same as step 14.

Step 26, calculating peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing based on the fluctuation components of the pulse oximetry waveform. The peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing include amplitude characteristics and/or area characteristics of a single pulse wave. In this step, in addition to calculating the absolute amplitude value of a single pulse wave and/or the absolute area value of a single pulse wave, the amplitude index of a single pulse wave and/or the area index of a single pulse wave are also calculated.

The amplitude index of a single pulse wave is the ratio of the absolute amplitude value of a single pulse wave to the corresponding DC flow, and its calculation formula is as follows:

Among them, S _DC (n) is the nth sampled data point of the DC component, N is the number of samples, and AmpIndex _CPR is the amplitude index of a single pulse wave. Usually, the sampling data is a voltage value, so the unit of the amplitude index AmpIndex _CPR can be defined as: PVAI (Pulse Oximeter Votage Amplitude Index).

AmpIndex _CPR is a quantitative parameter, which eliminates the influence of driving adjustment factors on the amplitude, can intuitively reflect the transformation characteristics of compression depth, can eliminate the interference of driving adjustment, and has better anti-interference ability.

The area index of a single pulse wave is the ratio of the absolute area value of a single pulse wave to the corresponding DC flow, and its calculation formula is as follows:

Among them, AreaIndex _CPR is the area index of a single pulse wave. Usually, the sampling data is a voltage value, so the unit of the area index AreaIndex _CPR can be defined as: PVPI (Pulse Oximeter VoltagePlethysmography Index), also known as the voltage volume index.

Area Index AreaIndex _CPR can reduce individual differences, and at the same time, eliminate the interference of drive adjustment, so it has better anti-interference ability.

Step 27, feeding back the peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

The same scheme as that in Embodiment 1 can be used to feed back the peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry, and the following scheme can also be used to feed back the peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry.

The study found that the amplitude characteristic is related to the compression depth, and the area characteristic is related to the compression depth and frequency. However, the guidelines have certain requirements for the compression depth and frequency. When this requirement is met, the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is basically up to standard. If you find the amplitude characteristic mapping value and area characteristic mapping value corresponding to the basic compliance value required in the guideline, you can directly compare the amplitude characteristic and area characteristic with the mapping value to determine whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is basically up to standard. In turn, the mapped value constitutes the distribution range limit of the amplitude characteristic or the area characteristic.

Let’s take the area index AreaIndex _CPR in the area characteristic as an example to illustrate whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is basically up to standard by whether the area index AreaIndex _CPR enters the distribution range, and whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is up to standard through the fluctuation of the area index AreaIndex _CPR . Its feedback process is shown in Figure 8, including the following steps:

Step 30, obtaining the distribution range limit of the area index AreaIndex _CPR , the distribution range limit is related to the quality of the required cardiopulmonary resuscitation implementation, thereby determining the distribution range of the AreaIndex _CPR index, and the distribution range indicates that when the AreaIndex _CPR index is within this range, the CPR The implementation effect is relatively ideal or acceptable, and it is considered to be basically up to the standard. The limit of the distribution range can be input each time cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed, or can be pre-stored in the system, and read from the storage address each time cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed.

In the normal population, the population distribution range of cardiac output per stroke is 4.8-8L/min. After the cardiopulmonary function of the human body stops, the human body environment can be considered to be relatively consistent. At this time, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation can reach 1/3-1/4 of the normal cardiac output per stroke. Through animal experiments and human experiments, combined with the distribution range of cardiac output per stroke, the AreaIndex _CPR index has a theoretical value for the population distribution range. The theoretical distribution range of AreaIndex _CPR indicators can be determined by collecting data from a large number of CPR cases.

Step 31, process the calculated single area index AreaIndex _CPR , generate the waveform data of the single area index AreaIndex _CPR , display the waveform diagram of the single area index AreaIndex _CPR on the display interface, and display the waveform data in the area index AreaIndex _CPR The distribution range boundary is displayed on the waveform graph, so as to display the distribution range of the area index AreaIndex _CPR and the waveform of the area index AreaIndex _CPR in a visual manner, as shown in FIG. 9 . The distribution range of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is determined by the maximum value Max and the minimum value Min.

Step 32: Compare the single area index AreaIndex _CPR with the minimum value Min to determine whether the standard is basically met. If the single area index AreaIndex _CPR is greater than the minimum value Min, it is considered that the standard is basically met, and then perform step 33; The index AreaIndex _CPR is compared with the minimum value Min.

Step 33, calculating the fluctuation value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR . One calculation method may be: calculating the difference between the area index AreaIndex _CPR of two adjacent single pulse waves, so as to obtain the fluctuation value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR .

Step 34, judging whether the fluctuation value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is less than the second set value, if yes, then consider that the value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is stable, then perform step 35; otherwise consider that the value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is unstable, and perform step 34 36.

Step 35, when the fluctuation value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is less than the second set value, output the second prompt information, the second prompt information is used to remind the user that the current pressing quality is up to standard, and the second prompt information can remind the user of the current area index AreaIndex The fluctuation value of _CPR is stable, or the user is prompted that the current cardiac output per beat is stable, or the user is prompted that the current compression quality (such as compression frequency and compression depth and other indicators) is up to standard.

Step 36, when the fluctuation value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is not less than the second set value, output prompt information for prompting the user that the current compression quality is not up to standard, or output no information.

In actual CPR application, medical staff can adjust the compression depth and frequency according to the AreaIndex _CPR index (reasonable area under the blood oxygen waveform) to ensure that the effect of CPR implementation is within an acceptable range. For individuals in the crowd, the cardiac output per stroke will reach a maximum value during the CPR process. On this basis, no matter how you improve the compression depth and frequency, the cardiac output per stroke will not be improved. Based on this basic principle, in order to optimize the effect of CPR implementation, while ensuring that the quantitative indicators of CPR implementation meet the theoretical range, the medical staff can fine-tune the compression depth and compression frequency, find the maximum value of the AreaIndex _CPR parameter, and judge the AreaIndex at the same time. Whether the _CPR parameters have been greatly changed or maintained to obtain the optimal CPR implementation effect. For example, after adjusting the depth and frequency, the AreaIndex _CPR parameters did not change significantly, indicating that the CPR has reached the optimal effect.

Therefore, in order to judge whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is optimal, for a cardiopulmonary resuscitation apparatus that automatically adjusts compressions, in step 35, when the fluctuation value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is smaller than the second set value, the third result information can also be output. Step 37 is also executed after step 35 .

Step 37 , based on the third result information, control to fine-tune the compression depth, for example, control to slightly increase the compression depth.

Step 38, calculate the area index AreaIndex _CPR after increasing the compression depth, and judge whether the area index AreaIndex _CPR reaches the maximum value, for example, determine whether the area index AreaIndex _CPR after increasing the compression depth increases with the increase of the compression depth, if yes, then It is considered that the current area index AreaIndex _CPR has not reached the maximum value, and if the area index AreaIndex _CPR does not increase with the increase of the compression depth, it is considered that the current area index AreaIndex _CPR has reached the maximum value. When the current area characteristic is the maximum value, step 39a is performed; when the current area characteristic is not the maximum value, step 39b is performed.

Step 39a, output the fifth result information, the fifth result information is used to control the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to maintain the current compression depth, and the third prompt information can also be output, the third prompt information is used to remind the user that the person under test has reached the heart output per stroke The best compression state of the volume.

Step 39b, output fourth result information, and the fourth result information is used to control the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to appropriately increase the compression depth.

In addition, if it is judged that the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value but the area characteristic does not enter the area distribution range limit, output the second result information, and control the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to increase the compression depth based on the second result information.

In order to observe the waveform diagram of the area index AreaIndex _CPR more intuitively, each band can also be marked on the waveform diagram. For example, in Fig. 9a, the ascending segment 201, the stable segment 202, the unstable segment 203 and the fine-tuning segment 204 are partitioned. Make a distinction. When judging whether the value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR is stable, a sliding time window can be used for judgment to measure the fluctuation specificity of the index parameter value in the time window 205, for example, to judge whether the area index AreaIndex _CPR in the sliding time window 205 is stable or not. Stablize. The ascending segment 201 in the figure demonstrates the stage where the area index AreaIndex _CPR changes rapidly and is unstable during the initial compression, the stable segment 202 demonstrates the state of good CPR quality, and the unstable segment 203 demonstrates the state of relatively poor CPR quality. In a relatively stable state of CPR, the compression depth can also be fine-tuned to find the individual maximum cardiac output point. In the fine-tuning section 204, the value of the area index AreaIndex _CPR enters a stable stage, and the compression depth is fine-tuned at this stage, for example, the compression depth is fine-tuned from 5 cm at point A to 6 cm at point B. It can be found that the effects of A and B on the parameter indicators are basically the same, so it can be seen that pressing 5cm has reached the maximum cardiac output point. Medical personnel can judge whether the optimal compression state of cardiac output per stroke is achieved through intuitive graphics. In addition, the system can also remind the medical staff by outputting prompt information. For example, when it is judged that the current area characteristic is the maximum value, it will maintain the current compression depth and output the third prompt information. The third prompt information is used to remind the user that the measured person is currently The best compression state to achieve stroke-per-stroke cardiac output.

For the amplitude characteristics, the feedback processing scheme described in steps 30-39 can also be used. That is, find the mapping value of the amplitude characteristic corresponding to "compression depth ≥ 5 cm", and the mapping value constitutes the limit of the amplitude distribution range. The waveform diagram of the amplitude characteristic is displayed on the display interface, and the amplitude distribution range limit related to the heart compression depth standard value is displayed on the waveform diagram of the amplitude characteristic, and the distribution range of the amplitude characteristic is displayed in a visual way. By observing whether the amplitude characteristic is within the amplitude If it is within the limits of the distribution range, it can be judged whether the compression depth is basically up to the standard.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 8b, the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic can be calculated according to the amplitude characteristic of each single pulse wave, and it is judged whether the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is smaller than the first set value and whether the amplitude characteristic is at If it is within the limits of the amplitude distribution range, first prompt information is output, and the first prompt information is used to remind the user that the current compression depth reaches the standard. If the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than the first set value but the amplitude characteristic does not enter the limit of the amplitude distribution range, the first result information is output, and the cardiopulmonary resuscitator is controlled to increase the compression depth based on the first result information.

In order to observe the waveform diagram of the amplitude index more intuitively, each band can also be marked on the waveform diagram, for example, in Figure 9b, the ascending segment 301, the unstable segment 302, the stable segment 303 and the alarm segment 304 are distinguished by partitioning . As shown in Fig. 9b, a sliding time window 305 is established to measure the fluctuation specificity of index parameter values within the time window. The rising segment 301 in the figure demonstrates the rapid change of the index parameter when the initial pressing is performed. If the fluctuation is large, as shown in the unstable segment 302 in the figure, it indicates that the compression depth is unstable, and it indicates that the compression state should be adjusted. Stable segment 303 as shown in the figure indicates that the index parameter value is stable, and the difference does not exceed ±5% (±5%, refers to the ratio of the fluctuation difference to the average value in the time window, which can be adjusted according to actual requirements), it can be considered as pressing Deep stability. According to the guidelines, the compression depth must be ≥5cm. If the average state of the compression depth within the sliding time window is lower than the limit corresponding to 5 cm, an alarm segment 304 is displayed, prompting that the compression depth needs to be increased.

The feedback solution in this embodiment is relatively intuitive, making it easier for medical staff to know the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Embodiment three:

The difference between this embodiment and the foregoing embodiments is that the frequency domain analysis method is used to process the data.

In the process of CPR resuscitation, there are many interference factors, such as the vibration generated by pressing, the vibration of the chest cavity, the collision of medical equipment, etc., and the waveform diagram of the separated fluctuation components may be shown in Figure 10. Due to the existence of these factors, the parameters calculated by the above method may be distorted. According to Parseval's theorem, the energy of a signal in a domain and its corresponding transform domain is conserved, as shown in Equation 6. Therefore, it can be considered to establish the above parameters based on frequency domain analysis technology.

Among them, X(k) is the amplitude value of each spectral component; M means that there are M spectral components in the spectrum.

Spectrum analysis is performed on the blood oxygen signal to obtain its spectrum distribution diagram, as shown in FIG. 11 , where the frequency f ₁ is the main frequency or fundamental frequency, which is consistent with the CPR compression frequency. In addition to the main frequency, there are several multipliers, for example, as shown in Figure 11, f ₂ and f ₃ are multipliers. The main frequency and multiplier are called the effective frequency components of the signal, and fq in Figure 11 is the interference frequency. Using the above formula (6), in this embodiment, the signal spectrum at the effective frequency components (including the main frequency f ₁ and the multiple frequency f ₂ , f ₃ . . . f _N ) is calculated to obtain the corresponding evaluation index. For an undisturbed stable signal, the effective value of the signal calculated by the time-domain method and the frequency-domain method are equal, but in engineering applications, the calculation by the frequency-domain method has better anti-interference ability.

The following describes the calculation of the blood oxygen frequency characteristic, the amplitude characteristic and the area characteristic of a single pulse wave by using the frequency domain analysis method.

1. Calculate the blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform. Derived from the aforementioned principles, it can be known that f1 is the main frequency _of the S _AC fluctuation component, and its frequency is consistent with the CPR compression frequency, and its frequency multiplied by 60 is the blood oxygen frequency characteristic, that is, the number of CPR compressions per minute.

in is the CPR compression frequency; f ₁ is the signal frequency; It is the number of compressions per minute of CPR, and its unit is Degree/Minute (times/minute).

In the process of clinical CPR application, you can observe The stability of indicators or pulse rate parameters can be used to judge whether the frequency of CPR compression is stable. On the premise of meeting the requirements of the guideline, adjust the frequency of CPR compression by manual or automatic equipment. In general clinical practice, if the compression frequency is ≥100 times/min, it can be considered that the quality of the compression frequency is up to standard (this index can be corrected according to a large number of clinical application data).

2. Calculate the single pulse wave amplitude characteristics of the pulse oximeter waveform. Aiming at the effective frequency components of the S _AC fluctuation components, the amplitude characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform are calculated to evaluate the compression depth changes during the implementation of CPR. The amplitude characteristics can be calculated using known techniques, for example, methods such as max amplitude, average amplitude, or root mean square (root mean square) to extract spectrum amplitude characteristics. In this embodiment, the root mean square method is used to extract the absolute amplitude values of all frequency components f _n (n=1, 2, 3, ... N) of S _AC fluctuation components Its formula is as follows:

in, is the absolute amplitude value, k is the sampling data point of the current f _n ; K is the total data length of the effective main frequency f _n ; n is the nth frequency peak, and there are N effective frequency peaks in total.

In other specific examples, only the amplitude characteristic of the main frequency f ₁ may be used to evaluate the compression depth change during the implementation of CPR. It can reflect the changing state of depth during CPR compression. in theory and compression depth show a linear correlation characteristic, when the compression depth is stable, The parameter values are stable and fluctuate little. During the application of clinical CPR, the compression may be unstable at the beginning, and at this time there will be The index value is unstable, that is, the value fluctuates greatly; with the stability of the compression depth, The index values are relatively stable. In clinical practice, according to the guidelines, the compression depth is required to be ≥ 5cm. In a preferred embodiment, according to a series of animal and human experiments, it can be found that The corresponding relationship with the compression range, given the compression depth ≥ 5cm map value, when calculated After that, the Compared with the mapped value, this mapped value is reached, and If the value fluctuates stably, it can be considered that the compression depth reaches the standard (this index can be corrected according to a large number of actual clinical application data).

3. Aiming at the effective frequency component of the S _AC fluctuation component, calculate the area characteristic of a single pulse wave of the pulse oximetry waveform, which is used to evaluate the change of cardiac output per stroke during the implementation of CPR, and indirectly reflect the quality of CPR implementation. Its area characteristics can be calculated using known techniques, such as: area integral method (continuous signal, discrete signal) and other methods to calculate the area information of each pulse wave. In this embodiment, based on the characteristics of the fixed sampling frequency of blood oxygen technology, the absolute area value is calculated by point-by-point cumulative integration method

It is the absolute area value of a single pulse wave, which is a parameter related to the cardiac output per stroke, also known as voltage volume; n is the current effective frequency component f _n ; N is the total number of effective frequency components; k is the current effective frequency The sampling data points of f _n ; K is the total data length of the effective frequency component f _n .

It is an indirect reflection of cardiac output per stroke and cannot be directly equated with cardiac output per stroke. in theory It is linearly positively correlated with the cardiac ejection volume of each compression. When the compression depth is stable and the frequency is constant, The parameter values are stable and fluctuate little. During the application of clinical CPR, the compression depth and frequency may be unstable at the beginning, and the output The index value also exhibits a characteristic of large fluctuations, that is, the range of value jumps is relatively large. When compression depth and frequency are stable, The index value will show a relatively stable characteristic, that is, the value range is concentrated in a small fluctuation range. There is a maximum output limit on the cardiac output per stroke. When pressing to a certain extent, increasing the depth and frequency cannot increase the cardiac output per stroke. According to this characteristic, when When in a relatively stable state, fine-tune the depth and frequency while observing The change of parameter index, if the change of parameter value is very small (for example, the change is less than or equal to 10%, 5% or other values set according to the actual clinical effect), or does not increase with the increase of compression depth, it is considered When the maximum value is reached, it can be considered that the optimal compression state of cardiac output per stroke has been found.

Similarly, when the frequency domain analysis method is used to process the data, in some specific embodiments, after the blood oxygen signal is enlarged/reduced, the amplitude index of a single pulse wave can also be calculated and the area index of a single pulse wave Its calculation formula is as follows:

in, is the amplitude index of a single pulse wave, which is the ratio of the absolute amplitude value of a single pulse wave to the corresponding DC amount.

In order to quantify the parameters, the influence of the amplified signal on the signal amplitude is eliminated, and it has good anti-interference ability, and can directly reflect the change of the compression depth.

in, is the area index of a single pulse wave, which is the ratio of the absolute area value of a single pulse wave to the corresponding DC flow.

To quantify the value, it can reduce individual differences, eliminate the interference caused by the amplification/reduction signal, and has better anti-interference ability.

It should be noted here that, although the area feature is not used in this embodiment to make a detailed description of how to feedback whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is up to standard, the steps 31-39 described in Embodiment 2 are also applicable to this embodiment, that is, when When using the frequency domain calculation method, it is also possible to feedback whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is basically up to standard through whether the area index enters the distribution range, and whether the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is up to standard through the fluctuation of the area index.

Embodiment four:

Based on the above method, the embodiment of the present application proposes a cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system. As shown in FIG. unit 42 and feedback unit 43. The data acquisition unit 40 is used to collect the blood oxygen signal of the subject in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process; the waveform generation unit 41 is used to generate the pulse oximetry waveform based on the collected blood oxygen signal; the peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 based on the pulse oximetry It is used to calculate the pulse oximetry-based peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximetry waveform; the feedback unit 43 is used to perform feedback processing on the pulse oximetry-based peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation include blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform and compression-generated peripheral circulation parameters. The peripheral circulation parameter generated by pressing may be the amplitude characteristic of a single pulse wave and/or the area characteristic of a single pulse wave. When feeding back the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be evaluated by using the characteristics of blood oxygen frequency and the amplitude characteristics of a single pulse wave, or the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be evaluated by using the characteristics of blood oxygen frequency and the area characteristics of a single pulse wave The quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can also be evaluated by using the blood oxygen frequency characteristics, the amplitude characteristics of a single pulse wave, and the area characteristics of a single pulse wave. In this embodiment, the last manner is taken as an example for description. In the evaluation, the amplitude characteristic of a single pulse wave can be an absolute amplitude value or an amplitude index, and the amplitude index is the absolute amplitude value of a single pulse wave of the fluctuating component of the enlarged/shrinked pulse oximetry waveform and the corresponding The ratio of DC flow. The area characteristic of a single pulse wave can be an absolute area value or an area index, and the area index is the ratio of the absolute area value of a single pulse wave of the fluctuating component of the enlarged/shrunk pulse oximeter waveform to the corresponding DC flow .

Since the original pulse oximetry waveform contains constant components and fluctuating components, the calculation unit of peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry first separates the constant components and fluctuating components from the pulse oximetry waveform, and calculates the pressure based on the fluctuating components of the pulse oximetry waveform. The generated peripheral circulation parameters are used to calculate blood oxygen frequency characteristics based on the pulse oximetry waveform or based on the fluctuation components of the pulse oximetry waveform.

In one embodiment, the feedback unit processes the pulse oximetry-based peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation into video information that can be displayed on the display interface, so that the parameters (such as blood oxygen frequency characteristics, single pulse wave The amplitude characteristics of the pulse wave and the area characteristics of a single pulse wave) are displayed on the display interface.

In a preferred embodiment, the feedback unit 43 processes the peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing (such as the amplitude characteristics and area characteristics of a single pulse wave) into waveform data that can be displayed on the display interface, so that users can observe the amplitude characteristics and changes in area properties.

Theoretically, the amplitude characteristic and the compression depth show a linear correlation characteristic. When the compression depth is stable, the amplitude characteristic parameter value is stable and the fluctuation is small. In the clinical CPR application process, the compression may be unstable at the beginning, and at this time, the value of the amplitude characteristic index is unstable, that is, the value fluctuates greatly; as the compression depth stabilizes, the value of the amplitude characteristic index presents a relatively stable state. The area characteristic is linearly positively correlated with the cardiac ejection volume of each compression. When the compression depth is stable and the frequency is constant, the area characteristic parameter value is stable and the fluctuation is small. In the clinical CPR application process, the compression depth and frequency may be unstable at the beginning, and the output area characteristic index value at this time will also show a characteristic of large fluctuations, that is, the value jump range is relatively large. When the compression depth and frequency are stable, the value of the area characteristic index will show a relatively stable characteristic, that is, the value range is concentrated in a small fluctuation range. Therefore, the user can judge whether the compression depth and frequency are stable by observing the changes of the amplitude characteristic and the area characteristic.

In clinical practice, according to the recommendations of the guidelines, the compression depth is required to be greater than or equal to 5cm. Since the amplitude characteristic can directly reflect the compression depth, if you find a mapping value corresponding to the compression depth of 5cm and display it on the waveform diagram of the amplitude characteristic, it will be convenient. According to the value of the amplitude characteristic, it is judged whether the compression depth meets the requirement of the guideline. According to a series of experiments on animals and humans, find the corresponding relationship between the amplitude characteristics and the compression amplitude, and determine the mapping value of the amplitude characteristics of "compression depth ≥ 5cm". The limit of the amplitude distribution range related to the standard value of cardiac compression depth and the amplitude waveform data are displayed on the same graph. When the amplitude characteristic reaches this value and the fluctuation of the value is stable, it can be considered that the compression depth basically meets the standard. In this embodiment, "compression depth ≥ 5 cm" is taken as an example for illustration. Those skilled in the art should understand that this basic standard value can also be modified according to actual clinical application data.

For the waveform diagram of the area characteristic, the area distribution range limit and the area waveform data related to the heart compression depth reaching the standard value can also be displayed on the waveform diagram of the area characteristic. When the area characteristics are within the limits of the area distribution range, it is considered that the compression depth and frequency are basically up to standard.

When evaluating the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, in addition to using the user to manually observe the waveforms of the amplitude and area characteristics, in another specific embodiment, automatic judgment and prompting can also be used to provide feedback and feedback on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. control. As shown in Figure 13, in this embodiment, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality feedback control system includes a data acquisition unit 40, a waveform generation unit 41, a peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 based on pulse oximetry, a feedback unit 43, and a first prompt unit 44 , a second prompt unit 45 and a control module 46. The data acquisition unit 40, the waveform generation unit 41, the peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 based on pulse oximetry and the feedback unit 43 are the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. Whether the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than the first set value and whether the amplitude characteristic is within the limit of the amplitude distribution range, if so, output the first prompt information, the first prompt information is used to remind the user that the current compression depth reaches the standard. When the first prompting unit 44 judges that the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is smaller than the first set value but the amplitude characteristic does not enter the limit of the amplitude distribution range, it outputs the first result information. The second prompting unit 45 is used to calculate the fluctuating value of the area characteristic, and judges whether the fluctuating value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value and whether the area characteristic is located in the area distribution range limit, if so then output the second prompt information, the second prompt The information is used to prompt the user that the current compression quality is up to standard. When the second prompting unit 45 judges that the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than the second set value but the area characteristic is not within the limit of the area distribution range, it outputs the second result information. The second prompting unit 45 also outputs third result information when it is judged that the area characteristic has entered the limit of the area distribution range and the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than the second set value. The control module 46 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator 47 to increase the compression depth when receiving the first result information, the second result information and the third result information. After the control module 46 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator 47 to increase the compression depth according to the third result information, it notifies the peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 based on pulse oximetry to calculate the area characteristic of a single pulse wave after the compression depth is increased, and judges the area Whether the characteristic is the maximum, if not, then the pulse oximetry-based peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 outputs the fourth result information to the control module 46, and the control module 46 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator 47 to appropriately increase the compression depth based on the fourth result information, if Yes, then the pulse oximetry-based peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 outputs the fifth result information and the third prompt information, the control module 46 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator 47 to maintain the current compression depth based on the fifth result information, and the third prompt information is used for Prompt the user that the subject has reached the best compression state of cardiac output per stroke.

In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit 40, the waveform generation unit 41, the peripheral circulation parameter calculation unit 42 based on pulse oximetry, the feedback unit 43, the first prompt unit 44, the second prompt unit 45 and the control module 46 can be integrated into one Modules can also be separately integrated into multiple modules.

Embodiment five:

Based on the above method and/or system, the embodiment of the present application proposes a medical device, as shown in FIG. 14 , which includes a blood oxygen probe 51 , a blood oxygen module 52 and an output module 53 . The blood oxygen probe 51 is used to detect the measured part of the subject to detect the blood oxygen signal of the subject in real time. The blood oxygen module 52 is coupled to the blood oxygen probe 51, and is used to collect the blood oxygen signal output by the blood oxygen probe, generate a pulse oximetry waveform based on the blood oxygen signal, and calculate peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximetry waveform, and Output information about this parameter. The output module 53 is coupled to the blood oxygen module 52, and is used for feeding back information related to the parameters output by the blood oxygen module.

The blood oxygen probe 51 can be an existing or a newly designed probe in the future, as long as the blood oxygen signal can be detected. As shown in FIG. 2 , the blood oxygen probe 51 includes a light emitting device 100 and a photodetector 101 , and the light emitting device 100 and the photodetector 101 are arranged on opposite sides of the blood oxygen probe 51 . Due to the needs of calculating blood oxygen saturation, the light emitting device 100 usually includes a red light emitting tube and an infrared light emitting tube. The detected red light and infrared light transmitted through the arteries are converted into electrical signals and output. When the detected blood oxygen signal is used for quality assessment of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, only red light signals or infrared light signals may be used, so the light emitting device 100 may only include red light emitting tubes or infrared light emitting tubes.

In the current technology, when detecting the blood oxygen signal, the blood oxygen probe 51 is usually fixed on the extremity of the subject, such as a finger or toe, so the blood oxygen probe 51 can be a ring, a finger clip or a patch. The finger clip is a clip-shaped structure, which can be opened after lightly pressing one end, and the finger pulp part of the finger is inserted into it to clamp the finger. The upper wall of the clip is a light-emitting device, which fixes two light-emitting diodes placed side by side, emitting red light with a wavelength of 660nm and infrared light with a wavelength of 940nm, and the lower wall is a receiving device (such as a photodetector). Through the corresponding part of the body (usually the finger pulp), the transmitted signal is detected by the receiving device on the opposite side. The patch designed in the same way has a soft long strip structure, which is consistent with the principle of the finger clip. The difference is that the light emitting and receiving devices are located at different positions on the patch. The finger pulps of the lateral septum are facing each other to realize the above functions.

In a specific embodiment, the blood oxygen module 52 and the blood oxygen probe 51 can be connected through a probe accessory 54, and the probe accessory 54 can be a connecting wire. In some embodiments, the blood oxygen module 52 and the blood oxygen probe 51 may also realize signal connection through wireless communication, for example, the blood oxygen probe 51 and the blood oxygen module 52 are respectively equipped with wireless communication modules.

The blood oxygen module 52 collects the blood oxygen signal output by the blood oxygen probe 51, generates the pulse oximetry waveform based on the blood oxygen signal, and calculates the peripheral parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximetry waveform and the technical solution described in the above method or system. loop parameter. The peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation include the blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse oximetry waveform and the peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing, and the peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing include the amplitude characteristics of a single pulse wave and/or the area of a single pulse wave characteristic. The amplitude characteristic of a single pulse wave can be an absolute amplitude value or an amplitude index, and the area characteristic of a single pulse wave can be an absolute area value or an area index.

In various embodiments of the present application, the output module may be used to output various related information reflecting relevant parameters of the peripheral circulation. Associated information includes but not limited to video information, audio information and optical frequency information. The video information includes, but is not limited to, trend graphs reflecting dynamic changes in peripheral circulation-related parameters, target range value information of peripheral circulation-related parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the first video generated when peripheral circulation-related parameters exceed their target range values. Alarm information, and the second alarm information generated when the dynamic change of the parameters related to the peripheral circulation exceeds its optimal range, and so on. The audio information here mainly refers to the auditory tactile sensation based on audio changes, including but not limited to specific parameter value information, parameter change trend information, alarm prompt information, current pressing quality, pressing adjustment prompts, etc., which can be expressed in specific numerical values , or a buzzer that serves as a reminder, etc. The light frequency information here mainly refers to the visual tactile sensation based on light frequency changes. Its specific manifestations can be in the form of flashing lights when the peripheral circulation parameter information exceeds the target range or when the stability is too low, and it can be the mutual conversion of different colors of lights. To indicate the current compression quality, etc.

In a specific embodiment, the output module 53 may be a sound playing module, the data output by the blood oxygen module 52 is audio information related to peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry, and the sound playing module plays the audio information. For example, the user is notified of the current pressing status through sound playback.

In another specific embodiment, the output module 53 may be a display module, the data output by the blood oxygen module 52 is video information related to peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry, and the display module visually displays the information related to the peripheral circulation parameters on the display interface. The video information related to the parameter, the video information may be displayed in the form of text, or in the form of images, such as waveform diagrams.

In a specific embodiment, the blood oxygen module 52 separates the constant component and the fluctuating component from the pulse blood oxygen waveform, calculates the fluctuating component based on the pulse blood oxygen waveform and the amplitude characteristic and area characteristic of a single pulse wave, and based on the pulse blood oxygen waveform Oxygen waveform or calculate the blood oxygen frequency feature based on the fluctuation component of the pulse oximetry waveform. The blood oxygen frequency characteristics, amplitude characteristics, area characteristics and related data are processed into video information and output to the display module, the blood oxygen frequency characteristics are displayed in text in real time, the amplitude characteristics and area characteristics are displayed in waveform diagrams in real time, and The limit of the amplitude distribution range related to the standard value of cardiac compression depth is displayed on the waveform diagram of the amplitude characteristic, and the limit of the area distribution range related to the standard value of the cardiac compression depth is displayed on the waveform diagram of the area characteristic. Users can judge whether the pressing quality meets the standard by observing the values of the blood oxygen frequency characteristics, amplitude characteristics, and area characteristics displayed in real time, as well as the fluctuations of the amplitude characteristics and area characteristics. The blood oxygen module can also calculate the fluctuation values of amplitude characteristics and area characteristics separately, and output corresponding prompt information when the fluctuation values are less than the set threshold, so that the judgment results are more accurate and intuitive.

In addition to using peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry to give feedback on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, in another embodiment, the medical device of the present application can also be connected with another medical device to improve the relationship between the other medical device and the subject. Interaction Accuracy. At this time, the medical device further includes an interactive control interface for data communication with another medical device, through which the automatic switching of the function mode of another medical device can be further controlled. Specifically, the blood oxygen module can evaluate the current quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to whether the calculated parameter values of peripheral circulation parameters are up to standard, whether the fluctuation value exceeds the corresponding set value, etc., and further adjust the configuration output of another medical device according to the evaluation results . In the case where the present invention is especially applicable to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the adjusted configuration output includes but not limited to the compression phase, compression depth (strength), compression frequency, etc.; the adjusted configuration output, for example, maintains the current Compression status, increasing compression depth (strength), etc. The configuration adjustment based on the pulse oximetry-based peripheral circulation parameters can enable another medical device to perform more accurate and targeted operations on the subject.

In another specific embodiment that includes an interactive control interface, the connected medical device can be a cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument, and the interactive control interface can be an interface of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument. The following is how to respond to the situation according to the feedback when a cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument is connected. The cardiopulmonary resuscitator is controlled to make the cardiopulmonary resuscitator work in the best resuscitated state of the subject to make a detailed description.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 14 , the medical device further includes a control module 55 and a cardiopulmonary resuscitation interface 56 on the basis of the above, and the control module 55 is signally connected to the cardiopulmonary resuscitation interface 56 and the blood oxygen module 52 respectively. When the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument is a device that automatically adjusts the compression state, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument can be connected through the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument interface 56, and the control module 55 communicates with the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument through the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument interface 56, for example, it can receive information transmitted by the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument , controlling the compression frequency and compression depth of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation apparatus according to the initial default settings or the information fed back by the blood oxygen module 52 .

When starting to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the control module 55 can control the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to start working according to the default compression frequency and compression depth. During the working process of the cardiopulmonary resuscitator, the blood oxygen probe 51 detects the blood oxygen signal of the subject, and the blood oxygen module 52 calculates the blood oxygen frequency characteristic, the amplitude characteristic and the area characteristic of a single pulse wave based on the blood oxygen signal, and also calculates the amplitude characteristic and the fluctuation value of the area characteristic, judge whether the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than the first set value and whether the amplitude characteristic is within the limits of the amplitude distribution range, and judge whether the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value and whether the area characteristic is within the area within the limits of the distribution range. If the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than the first set value but the amplitude characteristic does not enter the limit of the amplitude distribution range, the blood oxygen module 52 outputs the first result information to the control module 55, and the control module 55 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator according to the first result information Increase compression depth. If the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value but the area characteristic does not enter the area distribution range limit, the blood oxygen module 52 outputs the second result information to the control module 55, and the control module 55 controls cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to the second result information instrument to increase compression depth. If the area characteristic enters the area distribution range limit and the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value, the blood oxygen module 52 outputs the third result information to the control module 55, and the control module 55 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to increase the compression according to the third result information depth, and feed back the information of increasing the compression depth to the blood oxygen module 52. Based on the feedback, the blood oxygen module 52 calculates the area characteristic of a single pulse wave after increasing the compression depth, and judges the area characteristic of a single pulse wave after increasing the compression depth Whether it is the maximum, if not then output the fourth result information, if yes then output the fifth result information, the control module 55 controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to increase the compression depth according to the fourth result information, controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to maintain the current compression depth according to the fifth result information Compression depth.

In clinical applications, medical equipment can be bedside equipment, such as monitors, defibrillators, automatic resuscitation equipment, and electrocardiogram machines. A blood oxygen module is added to the existing bedside equipment, and the blood oxygen module can be independent The module can also be a part of the circuit integrated on the host of the bedside device, and the function of the blood oxygen module can be realized by a computer executable program based on any method and/or system described above. The display module of the bedside device can be used as an output module, the host of the bedside device can be used as a control module, or the control module can be integrated in the host of the bedside device.

Embodiment six:

This embodiment discloses a pulse oximeter plug-in, which can cooperate with bedside equipment to realize the feedback of the implementation quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. As shown in FIG. 15 , the pulse oximetry plug-in includes a housing 61 , a blood oxygen signal interface 62 , a blood oxygen module (not shown in the figure) and an output interface (not shown in the figure). The housing 61 has a user-facing panel 611 and a rear panel 612 in contact with the host. The blood oxygen signal interface 62 is located on the panel 611 of the housing for connecting the accessory 64 of the blood oxygen probe; the output interface is located on the rear panel 612 of the housing for use In contact with the corresponding interface 631 on the host, the output interface can specifically be a conductive contact or a plug-in interface; the blood oxygen module is located inside the housing 61, and the blood oxygen module is connected to the blood oxygen signal interface 62 and the output interface respectively, and the blood oxygen module is connected to the blood oxygen signal interface 62 and the output interface respectively. The oxygen signal interface 62 receives the blood oxygen signal, generates the pulse oximetry waveform based on the blood oxygen signal, and calculates the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on the pulse oximetry waveform, and outputs the relevant information of the parameters. The blood oxygen module outputs The interface communicates with the host 63 . The host 63 is the host of the bedside equipment. The blood oxygen module processes the blood oxygen data based on any of the above methods and/or technical solutions described in the system and then transmits it to the host, and the host displays it through the display module of the bedside device, and feedbacks the implementation quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to the user.

In a specific embodiment, the relevant information of peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry output by the blood oxygen module includes video information, which includes waveform data of amplitude characteristics, and the waveform data of amplitude characteristics includes information related to the standard value of cardiac compression depth. or the waveform data of the area characteristic, the waveform data of the area characteristic includes the area distribution range limit related to the standard value of the cardiac compression depth. The blood oxygen module is also used to calculate the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic, judge whether the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than the first set value and whether the amplitude characteristic is within the limit of the amplitude distribution range, and if so, output the first prompt message, the first The prompt information is used to prompt the user that the current compression depth reaches the standard; or the blood oxygen module outputs the first result information when it judges that the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than the first set value but the amplitude characteristic does not enter the limit of the amplitude distribution range. A resulting message is used to control the cardiopulmonary resuscitator to increase the compression depth. The blood oxygen module is also used to calculate the fluctuation value of the area characteristic, judge whether the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value and whether the area characteristic is within the limit of the area distribution range, and if so, output the second prompt message, the second The prompt information is used to remind the user that the current compression quality is up to standard; or when the blood oxygen module judges that the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is less than the second set value but the area characteristic does not enter the limit of the area distribution range, it outputs the second result information, the second result information Used to control the CPR machine to increase the compression depth.

In a specific embodiment, the structure of the blood oxygen module 64 is shown in FIG. 16 , including a sampling circuit 641 , a data processing circuit 642 and a receiving and sending circuit 643 . The sampling circuit 641 is coupled to the blood oxygen signal interface 62, and is used to sample the blood oxygen signal input by the blood oxygen signal interface 62; the data processing circuit 642 is used to undertake most of the functions of the blood oxygen module, and is coupled to the sampling circuit 641. At the output end, the pulse oximetry waveform is generated based on the sampled blood oxygen signal, and the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are calculated based on the pulse oximetry waveform, and the information related to the above parameters is output after processing. In a specific embodiment, the data processing circuit 642 may be a microprocessor MCU, and its functions may be realized by running computer-executable programs. The receiving and sending circuit 643 is connected between the data processing circuit 642 and the output interface, and is used for realizing communication between the data processing circuit 642 and the host computer 63 through the output interface. The blood oxygen module 64 may also include some peripheral circuits, such as an amplification circuit for amplifying the collected signal and/or a filter circuit for filtering the collected signal. The peripheral circuit also includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, which takes power from the host computer through the output interface, and supplies power to each part of the circuit after voltage stabilization.

In another specific embodiment, the pulse oximeter plug-in can communicate wirelessly with the host, for example, the receiving and sending circuit 643 includes a wireless communication module, and the host also includes a wireless communication module, so as to realize the communication between the pulse oximeter plug-in and the host . In this embodiment, the pulse oximeter plug-in does not need to be in contact with the host, can be placed away from the host, and does not require an output interface.

When a patient with cardiac arrest in the hospital or a patient with cardiac arrest outside the hospital is sent to the hospital, the patient is usually connected to a monitor at the first time during the routine emergency treatment to display the patient's heart rate, blood pressure, respiration and pulse oxygen saturation. degree value. The most effective means of rescue when a patient suffers from cardiac arrest is high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the key to the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation lies in high-quality chest compressions. The clinical parameters to measure the compression quality include the compression location, frequency, depth, compression and relaxation time ratio, thoracic recoil and so on. When the compression position is not correct, the depth is not enough, the frequency is too fast or too slow, and the relaxation is not sufficient, etc., the quality of recovery will be affected. According to the above analysis, it can be known that the embodiment of the present application adopts the peripheral circulation parameters calculated based on the pulse oximetry waveform to detect this change in time, and timely feedback the implementation quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the blood oxygen signal is measured from the outside without trauma to the patient. When cooperating with the automatic extracorporeal resuscitator, it can also realize the control of the automatic extracorporeal resuscitator according to the feedback. Since the blood oxygen saturation of the patient is usually detected during the rescue treatment of the patient, it is necessary to measure the blood oxygen signal of the patient. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application does not require an additional feedback device, and is convenient and economical to use.

The following experimental results illustrate the calculation of the peripheral circulation parameters based on pulse oximetry in this embodiment and the evaluation of the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

In the animal experiment, the automatic external resuscitator was used to perform chest compressions, and two indicators were fixed: compression frequency and location, and then the cardiopulmonary resuscitation was divided into high-quality (5cm), medium-quality (4cm), and low-quality (3cm) according to the depth of compression. ), in these three cases, the pulse oximetry value, waveform, amplitude and area under the curve are output. The amplitude and area under the curve include the instant value and the average value within 30 seconds. Reduce errors, as shown in Figure 17-21. In the presence of spontaneous circulation, the pulse oximetry value is higher, and the amplitude and area under the curve are also higher, as shown in Figure 17; when the patient's spontaneous circulation disappears (cardiac arrest), the pulse oximetry The value cannot be measured, and the amplitude and area under the curve are displayed as 0 or very low values, as shown in Figure 18; when low-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the above parameters have low values, as shown in Figure 19; during medium-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the amplitude The values of the area under the curve and the area under the curve are higher than those of low-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, as shown in Figure 20; during high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the values of each parameter are higher, as shown in Figure 21.

In actual work, if the relevant parameter values output in real time are lower than the threshold value of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is necessary to immediately improve the quality of resuscitation to achieve high-quality resuscitation, improve the perfusion and prognosis of the patient's vital organs, and increase the success rate of resuscitation. Under the circumstances, it can be used as a convenient, non-invasive, economical, real-time reflection of the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and a resuscitation monitoring feedback system that can be widely used in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It can provide intuitive and real-time monitoring feedback control indicators for clinicians. In order to improve the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it has great practical application value and broad application prospect, and has high social value to the development of the medical and health industry and the health of the people.

Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the various methods in the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium can include: read-only memory, Random access memory, disk or CD, etc.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can also make some simple deduction or replacement without departing from the concept of the present invention.

Claims (44)

1. A medical device, characterized by comprising:

the light emitting receiver comprises a receiving tube and a light emitting tube, wherein the light emitting tube emits at least one path of optical signal which penetrates through human tissues, and the receiving tube receives the at least one path of optical signal which penetrates through the human tissues and converts the at least one path of optical signal into at least one path of electric signal;

the digital processor is used for converting the electric signal into a digital signal and processing the digital signal to obtain peripheral circulation related parameters; wherein the digital signal contains at least partial hemodynamic characteristics, the peripheral circulation related parameter comprises a parameter reflecting quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the parameter reflecting quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation comprises at least one of a first reflecting parameter reflecting frequency variation characteristics of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression, a second reflecting parameter reflecting depth variation characteristics of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression, and a third reflecting parameter reflecting comprehensive variation characteristics of frequency and depth of cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression;

and the output module is used for outputting the relevant information corresponding to the peripheral circulation related parameters.

2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the peripheral circulation-related parameter is related to a pulse characteristic of the human tissue.

3. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the digital processor derives the peripheral circulation-related parameter reflecting quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by identifying real-time pulse characteristics reflected by the digital signal.

4. The medical device of claim 3, wherein the digital processor derives real-time pulse characteristics reflected by the digital signal by identifying fluctuating and constant components of the digital signal.

5. The medical device of any of claims 1-4, wherein the digital processor derives the first reflection parameter by identifying a fluctuating component of the digital signal and calculating a frequency of the fluctuating component.

6. The medical device of any of claims 1-4, wherein the digital processor derives the second reflection parameter by identifying a fluctuating component of the digital signal and amplitude transforming the fluctuating component.

7. The medical apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the digital processor identifies a fluctuating component and a constant component of the digital signal and calculates an amplitude ratio of the fluctuating component and the constant component after amplitude transformation, respectively, to obtain the corrected second reflection parameter.

8. The medical device of any of claims 1-4, wherein the digital processor derives the third reflection parameter by identifying a fluctuation component of the digital signal and calculating an area integral of the fluctuation component.

9. The medical apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the digital processor identifies a fluctuating component and a constant component of the digital signal and calculates an area ratio of an area integral of the fluctuating component to an area integral of the constant component to obtain the corrected third reflection parameter.

10. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the digital processor processes the digital signals by at least one computational method to derive the peripheral circulation-related parameter that reflects the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

11. The medical device of claim 10, wherein the at least one calculation method is a time domain calculation method and/or a frequency domain calculation method.

12. The medical device of claim 11, wherein the time domain calculations are based on identifying a fluctuating component and a constant component of the digital signal.

13. The medical device of claim 11 or 12, wherein the time domain calculation method calculates the peripheral circulation related parameter by identifying a frequency characteristic and/or an amplitude characteristic and/or an area characteristic of the digital signal.

14. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the time domain calculations identify amplitude and area characteristics of the digital signal based on a fluctuating component of the digital signal or based on a ratio of a fluctuating component to a constant component of the digital signal.

15. The medical device of claim 11, wherein the frequency domain calculation method calculates the peripheral circulation-related parameter based on spectral features of the digital signal.

16. The medical device of claim 11 or 15, wherein the frequency domain calculation is a spectral identification based on a non-zero spectrum or a spectral identification based on a ratio of a non-zero spectrum to a zero spectrum.

17. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the association information includes one or more of: video information, audio information and optical frequency information corresponding to the peripheral circulation related parameter.

18. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the output module is a display module; the display module is used for displaying the video information, and the video information comprises a trend chart reflecting the dynamic change of the peripheral circulation related parameters.

19. The medical device of claim 18, wherein the display module is further configured to display one or more of the following video information on the trend graph: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining target range value information of peripheral circulation related parameters related to the achievement of the quality of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation, generating first alarm information when the peripheral circulation related parameters exceed the target range values of the peripheral circulation related parameters, and generating second alarm information when the dynamic changes of the peripheral circulation related parameters exceed the optimal change ranges of the peripheral circulation related parameters.

20. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the audio information refers to an auditory tactile sensation based on audio changes.

21. The medical device of claim 17, wherein the light-frequency information refers to a visual tactile sensation based on a change in light frequency.

22. A medical device insert, comprising:

a housing assembly;

the physiological signal acquisition interface is positioned on the outer surface of the shell component and is used for connecting the signal acquisition accessory;

the physiological signal processing module is positioned inside the shell component and used for acquiring an acquisition signal through a physiological signal acquisition interface, converting the acquisition signal into a digital signal and calculating peripheral circulation related parameters based on the digital signal, wherein the digital signal comprises at least part of hemodynamic characteristics, the peripheral circulation related parameters comprise parameters reflecting the quality of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the parameters reflecting the quality of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation comprise at least one of a first reflecting parameter, a second reflecting parameter and a third reflecting parameter, the first reflecting parameter is used for reflecting the frequency change characteristic of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression, the second reflecting parameter is used for reflecting the depth change characteristic of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression, and the third reflecting parameter is used for reflecting the comprehensive change characteristic of the frequency and the depth of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation compression;

and the physiological signal processing module carries out information interaction with a host through the interactive interface.

23. The medical device insert of claim 22, wherein the housing assembly is configured to protect the physiological signal processing module from damage by external interference, including light, electromagnetic and external force impacts.

24. The medical device insert of claim 23, wherein the physiological signal processing module comprises a signal sampling circuit, a digital processor, and a data communication circuit.

25. The medical device insert of claim 24, wherein the signal sampling circuit acquires an electrical signal from the physiological signal acquisition interface and converts the electrical signal to a digital signal; the digital processor calculates the peripheral circulation-related parameters based on the digital signal.

26. The medical device insert of claim 22, wherein the mode of operation of the interactive interface and the physiological signal processing module is at least partially controlled by the host.

27. The medical device cartridge of claim 26, wherein the physiological signal processing module automatically adjusts the operational mode based on host settings.

28. The medical device cartridge of claim 26, wherein the physiological signal processing module automatically communicates the calculated peripheral circulation related parameters to a host computer according to host computer settings.

29. The medical device insert of claim 22, wherein the interactive interface and the physiological signal processing module operate in dependence upon an energy supply of the host.

30. The medical device insert of any of claims 22-29, wherein the digital signal comprises at least a portion of a peripheral circulation characteristic.

31. The medical device insert of claim 22, wherein cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality is reflected by the fluctuation characteristics and the level of stability of the peripheral circulation related parameter, and by the conformity of the peripheral circulation related parameter to its target range of values.

32. A medical device, characterized by comprising:

the blood oxygen probe is used for detecting a detected part of a detected person and detecting a blood oxygen signal of the detected person in real time;

the blood oxygen module is coupled to the blood oxygen probe and used for acquiring blood oxygen signals output by the blood oxygen probe, generating pulse blood oxygen waveforms based on the blood oxygen signals, calculating peripheral circulation parameters related to the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation quality based on the pulse blood oxygen waveforms, and outputting related information of the peripheral circulation parameters related to the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation quality, wherein the peripheral circulation parameters related to the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation quality comprise blood oxygen frequency characteristics of the pulse blood oxygen waveforms and peripheral circulation parameters generated by pressing;

and the output module is coupled to the blood oxygen module and used for feeding back the information related to the peripheral circulation parameters related to the quality of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which is output by the blood oxygen module.

33. The medical device of claim 32, wherein the blood oxygenation module separates a constant component and a fluctuating component from the pulse oximetry waveform, and calculates the blood oxygenation frequency characteristic and the compression-generated peripheral circulation parameter based on the fluctuating component or a ratio of the fluctuating component to the constant component of the pulse oximetry waveform.

34. The medical device of claim 33, wherein the compression-generated peripheral circulation parameters include amplitude characteristics of the single pulse wave and/or area characteristics of the single pulse wave.

35. The medical device of claim 34, wherein the output module is a display module that displays a waveform map of the amplitude characteristic and/or the area characteristic on a display interface and displays an amplitude distribution range limit and/or an area distribution range limit associated with the chest compression quality achievement value on the waveform map of the amplitude characteristic and/or the area characteristic, respectively.

36. The medical device of claim 34, wherein the blood oxygen module further calculates a fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic, determines whether the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is less than a first set value and whether the amplitude characteristic is within a range limit of the amplitude distribution, and if so, outputs a first prompt for prompting the user that the current compression quality meets the standard;

or

The blood oxygen module also calculates the fluctuation value of the area characteristic, judges whether the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than a second set value and whether the area characteristic is located in the area distribution range limit, and outputs second prompt information if the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than the second set value and the area characteristic is located in the area distribution range limit, wherein the second prompt information is used for prompting a user that the current pressing quality reaches the standard.

37. The medical device of any one of claims 34-36, wherein: the amplitude characteristic comprises an absolute amplitude value or an amplitude index, and the amplitude index is the ratio of the absolute amplitude value of the single pulse wave of the fluctuation component of the amplified pulse blood oxygen waveform to the corresponding direct current quantity;

the area characteristic comprises an absolute area value or an area index, and the area index is the ratio of the absolute area value of the single pulse wave of the fluctuation component of the amplified pulse blood oxygen waveform to the corresponding direct current quantity.

38. The medical device of claim 34, further comprising an interactive control interface for connecting to another medical device to enable data communication between the medical device and the other medical device.

39. The medical device of claim 38, wherein the interaction control interface is further configured to control automatic switching of a functional mode of the other medical device to improve accuracy of interaction between the other medical device and the subject.

40. The medical device of claim 39, wherein the blood oxygen module evaluates a current quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation from a parameter value and/or a fluctuation level of the peripheral circulation parameter related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality, and adjusts a configuration output of the other medical device via the interactive control interface based on the evaluation;

wherein the configuration output comprises one or more of: compression depth, compression frequency, and compression phase.

41. The medical device of claim 39 or 40, wherein the other medical device is a cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument.

42. The medical device of claim 41, further comprising:

the control module is respectively in signal connection with the interactive control interface and the blood oxygen module and is at least used for controlling the compression frequency and the compression depth of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument;

the blood oxygen module also calculates the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic, judges whether the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is smaller than a first set value and whether the amplitude characteristic is within the amplitude distribution range limit, outputs first result information to the control module if the fluctuation value of the amplitude characteristic is smaller than the first set value but the amplitude characteristic does not enter the amplitude distribution range limit, and the control module controls the cardiopulmonary resuscitation apparatus to increase the compression depth according to the first result information.

43. The medical device of claim 41, further comprising:

the control module is in signal connection with the interactive control interface, the blood oxygen module and the output module respectively and is at least used for controlling the compression frequency and the compression depth of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument;

the blood oxygen module also calculates the fluctuation value of the area characteristic, judges whether the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than a second set value or not and whether the area characteristic is within the area distribution range limit or not, and outputs second result information to the control module if the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than the second set value but the area characteristic does not enter the area distribution range limit, and the control module controls the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation instrument to increase the compression depth according to the second result information; if the area characteristic enters the area distribution range limit and the fluctuation value of the area characteristic is smaller than a second set value, third result information is output to the control module, the control module controls the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation apparatus to increase the compression depth according to the third result information and feeds the information of the increased compression depth back to the blood oxygen module, the blood oxygen module calculates the area characteristic of the single pulse wave after the compression depth is increased based on the information feedback, whether the area characteristic of the single pulse wave after the compression depth is increased is the maximum or not is judged, if not, fourth result information is output, if yes, fifth result information is output, the control module controls the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation apparatus to increase the compression depth according to the fourth result information, and the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation apparatus is controlled to keep the current compression depth according to the fifth result information.

44. The medical device of claim 43, wherein: the blood oxygen module also outputs third prompt information when judging that the area characteristic of the single pulse wave after the compression depth is increased is maximum, and the third prompt information is used for prompting the user that the tested person currently reaches the optimal compression state of the cardiac output per stroke.