CN103734511A - 色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用 - Google Patents
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- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- MBBOMCVGYCRMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tryptophol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCO)=CNC2=C1 MBBOMCVGYCRMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 86
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 241000696962 White spot syndrome virus Species 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 16
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 9
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- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 5
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008582 Pinus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- WHKAAHMYIZWSAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCCC1c2ccccc2NC1 Chemical compound OCCC1c2ccccc2NC1 WHKAAHMYIZWSAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,所述的应用是将色醇加入对虾饲料中混匀后,50~60℃烘干,获得抗对虾白斑综合症饲料;色醇添加剂能明显提高对虾抗白斑综合症病毒的能力,显著降低攻毒后的死亡率,由于水产养殖的特殊性,饲料添加剂的防治方式更符合生产实际,有更广阔的应用前景。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及色醇的应用,特别涉及色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用。
(二)背景技术
白斑综合症病毒(White spot syndrome virus,WSSV)粒子为杆状,包含双链DNA。主要针对对虾体的造血组织、结缔组织、前后肠的上皮、血细胞、鳃等系统进行感染破坏。此病的感染率较高,急性感染引起虾摄食量骤降,7天左右可使池中70℅以上的虾得病,病重造成死亡。目前还没有有效的预防和治疗措施,通过饲料来进行给药预防白斑综合症病毒感染是生产中最为可行的方式,但确定有效的免疫激活剂仍鲜见报道。
日本对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus),属甲壳纲十足目游泳亚目对虾科对虾属,主要产于中国的渤海、黄海及朝鲜的西部沿海,具有很高的经济价值。白斑综合症病毒给日本对虾的养殖业也造成了巨大的打击,至今仍没有有效的防治手段。
色醇被发现可以由白色念珠菌产生出来,并具有抗生素的作用(参见Science.1969,163(3863):192-194.),另一项研究发现色醇能通过诱导死亡受体来介导细胞凋亡(参见Biosci Biotechnol Biochem.2007,71(8):2065-2068.)。但对于色醇在抗病毒方面的作用还未见有研究报道。
白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)严重危害对虾养殖业,对我国的日本对虾养殖造成了巨大的损失。目前还没有有效的预防和治疗措施,通过饲料来进行给药预防白斑综合症病毒感染是生产中最为可行的方式,但确定有效的针对白斑综合症的免疫增强剂仍鲜见报道。
(三)发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种色醇的应用,特别是作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,本发明通过周密的试验来验证添加色醇在对虾饲料中能够显著提高对虾的抗病毒能力,有效地降低对虾的死亡率。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
本发明提供一种色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,所述的应用是将色醇加入对虾饲料中混匀后,50~60℃烘干(优选50℃),获得抗对虾白斑综合症饲料。
进一步,所述色醇的添加量为10~100mg/kg对虾饲料,更优选50mg/kg对虾饲料。
进一步,所述对虾饲料为市售对虾饲料,优选天邦牌对虾基础饲料,所述的对虾优选日本对虾。
本发明所述色醇(Tryptophol),中文别名:3-(2-羟乙基)吲哚,分子式:C10H11NO,分子量:161.2004,结构式见式(Ⅰ)所示:
本发明的饲料添加剂色醇是天然产生的物质,经试验证明对日本对虾无害,长期使用安全无风险。在对虾用基础饲料中添加50mg/kg的色醇提高对虾抗白斑综合症病毒的能力,明显降低攻毒后的死亡率。应用本发明的新型抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂,能有效降低日本对虾在生产中感染白斑综合症病毒的死亡率,具有显著的经济效益和社会效益,市场前景广阔。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果主要体现在:
本发明的饲料添加剂色醇是天然产生的物质,如长白松(Pinussylvestris)的松叶和松针可生成该物质,参见Planta1984,161(5):398Physiologia Plantarum1987,71(4):411。经试验证明短期内(60天左右)对日本对虾无害,在病害高发期做短期使用安全无风险。色醇添加剂能明显提高对虾抗白斑综合症病毒的能力,显著降低攻毒后的死亡率,由于水产养殖的特殊性,饲料添加剂的防治方式更符合生产实际,有更广阔的应用前景。
(四)附图说明
图1为不同添加量(10mg/kg、50mg/kg、100mg/kg)色醇在白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)攻毒后的死亡情况;曲线为白斑综合症病毒组,曲线为添加10mg色醇/kg对虾饲料组,曲线为添加50mg色醇/kg对虾饲料组,曲线为添加100mg色醇/kg对虾饲料组,曲线为对照组。
(五)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1色醇对日本对虾抗白斑综合症病毒能力的影响
选用150只体重在10克左右的日本对虾,随机分为5组,即组1~组5,每组3个重复,每个重复10只对虾,统计死亡率时取平均值。组1作为对照组,组2为白斑综合症病毒组,组2喂养对虾基础饲料(天邦牌,市售),组1、组3~组5作为试验组,分别喂养色醇(阿拉丁试剂有限公司)添加量为100mg/kg、10mg/kg、50mg/kg、100mg/kg的抗对虾白斑综合症饲料(在对虾基础饲料中分别添加色醇获得),每日投饵2次,饲喂7天后,组2~组5口服染病虾肉(即感染白斑综合症病毒死亡的日本对虾肌肉组织,因为食用病死虾肉是白斑综合症传播的重要途径)攻毒,攻毒后换水,组2继续投喂对虾基础饲料,组1、组3~组5继续投喂添加不同浓度的色醇的抗对虾白斑综合症饲料,并每天2次统计死亡情况。结果见图1所示,结果表明投喂色醇添加剂未攻毒组(组1)的对虾无死亡,证明该添加剂对于对虾是安全的。投喂不同比例色醇添加剂的比较结果发现,50mg/kg的添加量能提高对虾抗白斑综合症病毒的能力,明显降低攻毒后的死亡率。
实施例2维生素C添加剂和氯化铜添加剂对日本对虾抗白斑综合症病毒能力的影响
试验分5组,组1为对照组,组2为维生素C添加组,组3为氯化铜添加组,组4为色醇添加组,组5为抗白斑综合症病毒组,每组选用30只体重在10克左右的日本对虾,随机分为3个重复,每个重复10只对虾,统计死亡率时取平均值。
组1和组5分别饲喂对虾基础饲料(天邦牌),组2饲喂添加40mg/kg维生素C(阿拉丁试剂有限公司)的对虾基础饲料(天邦牌),组3饲喂添加20mg/kg的氯化铜(阿拉丁试剂有限公司)的对虾基础饲料,组4饲喂添加50mg/kg色醇的对虾基础饲料,每日投饵2次,饲喂7天后,组2~组5口服染病虾肉攻毒,攻毒后换水,组1和组5继续投喂对虾基础饲料,组2~组4分别投喂添加40mg/kg维生素C的对虾基础饲料、添加20mg/kg的氯化铜的对虾基础饲料和添加50mg/kg色醇的对虾基础饲料,并每天2次统计死亡情况,结果见图2所示。
通过与文献中证明最佳添加剂量的维生素C(40mg/kg,参见Fish&Shellfish Immunology(2003)14,305–315)和铜离子(20mg/kg,参见Fish&Shellfish Immunology(2002)13,259–270)抗白斑病毒效果的对比,添加50mg/kg色醇的抗病毒效果要好于前二者,显著地降低了由白斑病毒感染引起的死亡率。
结论:本发明通过详实的试验数据证明添加50mg/kg色醇在对虾饲料中具有很好的抗病毒效果,能有效地降低对虾感染白斑综合症病毒的死亡率。本发明为实践生产中预防白斑综合症的爆发提供了有效的新方法。
Claims (6)
1.色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用。
2.如权利要求1所述色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,其特征在于:所述的应用是将色醇加入对虾饲料中混匀后,50~60℃烘干,获得抗对虾白斑综合症饲料。
3.如权利要求2所述色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,其特征在于:所述烘干温度为55℃。
4.如权利要求2所述色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,其特征在于:所述色醇的添加量为10~100mg/kg对虾饲料。
5.如权利要求2所述色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,其特征在于:所述色醇的添加量为50mg/kg对虾饲料。
6.如权利要求1所述色醇作为抗对虾白斑综合症饲料添加剂的应用,其特征在于:所述对虾为日本对虾。
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CN101773672A (zh) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-14 | 浙江大学 | 一种防治对虾白斑病的口服生物制剂 |
CN101862334A (zh) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-20 | 浙江大学 | 吴茱萸碱在制备抗对虾白斑综合症的制剂中的应用 |
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CN101773672A (zh) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-14 | 浙江大学 | 一种防治对虾白斑病的口服生物制剂 |
CN101862334A (zh) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-20 | 浙江大学 | 吴茱萸碱在制备抗对虾白斑综合症的制剂中的应用 |
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SHYUICHIRO I ET AL: "Isolation of Tryptophol as an Apoptosis-Inducing Component of Vinegar Produced from Boiled Soybean in Human Monoblastic Leukemia U937 Cells", 《BIOSCI BIOTECHNOL BIOCHEM.》, 7 February 2007 (2007-02-07), pages 371 - 379 * |
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