CN103727992B - A kind of oxygen gas of pouring water of measuring goes out to flow the System and method for of uniformity coefficient - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for measuring the outflow uniformity of oxygen irrigation and water gas. The system is composed of N measuring units with the same specifications. The main body of each measuring unit is a measuring box (1). The characteristic is that the The measuring box (1) is an inverted T shape, formed by communicating and connecting the horizontal pipe (7) and the vertical pipe (8), the upper port of the vertical pipe (8) is sealed by the upper sealing plug (4), and the miniature pressure gauge (2 ) communicates with the vertical pipe (8) through the upper sealing plug (4), and the left and right sealing plugs (5) and right sealing plugs (6) are set at the left and right ports of the horizontal pipe (7); the vertical pipe (8) ) is provided with a drain valve (3) at the lower part; it simulates the water-air outflow boundary condition of oxygen irrigation, and the water outlet flow rate of each emitter can be obtained through the principle of water balance, and the air outlet flow rate of each emitter can be calculated according to the basic law of gas , on this basis, the uniformity of oxygen-irrigated water-air outflow can be calculated by using the relevant formula for calculating the uniformity; foundation.

Description

A system and method for measuring the uniformity of oxygen irrigation water gas outflow

Technical field:

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to a system and method for measuring the outflow uniformity of oxygen irrigation water and air.

Background technique:

Oxygation uses the underground drip irrigation system to deliver aerated water or aerated water-fertilizer mixed fluid to the root zone of plants, which can effectively improve the water, fertilizer, air and heat environment of the plant root circle, and maintain the normal metabolism and respiratory function of the root system. Promoting and coordinating the growth and development of aboveground and underground parts of plants is a new type of irrigation technology that saves water, fertilizer and high efficiency. Oxygen irrigation solves the temporary lack of oxygen in plant roots caused by ordinary subsurface drip irrigation, and at the same time has all the inherent advantages of subsurface drip irrigation, providing a new option for tapping plant production potential. Considering that the application field and area of subsurface drip irrigation are constantly expanding, and the ordinary subsurface drip irrigation system can be transformed into an oxygen irrigation system by connecting a Venturi injector, oxygen irrigation is feasible. A large number of studies have shown that oxygen irrigation has a significant yield-increasing effect, especially for crops under clay planting conditions, and some crops have a yield increase of 30%. Most of the existing research stays at the level of the effect of oxygen irrigation on crop yield, physiological indicators and water use efficiency. Considering that the uniformity of water-air two-phase outflow has a significant impact on the oxygen content of the root zone soil, microbial activity and crop growth , it is necessary to carry out observation and research on it to grasp its distribution law; the existing technology can only measure water and air separately, which needs to be measured twice, and the capillary and emitter are soaked in water during the measurement, which changes the The boundary conditions of water vapor outflow lead to errors in measurement results.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a system for measuring the uniformity of oxygen irrigation and water gas outflow.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the outflow uniformity of oxygen irrigation water gas.

The invention mainly solves the problems that the prior art can only measure water and gas separately, and soaking the capillary and emitter in water changes the boundary condition of water and gas outflow during measurement, resulting in errors in measurement results and the like.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a system for measuring the uniformity of oxygen irrigation and water gas outflow, the system is composed of N measuring units with the same specifications, the main body of each measuring unit is a measuring box, and its special feature is that the The test box is an inverted T shape, which is formed by connecting a horizontal pipe and a vertical pipe. The upper port of the vertical pipe is sealed by the upper sealing plug. The micro pressure gauge communicates with the vertical pipe through the upper sealing plug. The left and right ports of the horizontal pipe A left sealing plug and a right sealing plug are arranged respectively; a drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the vertical pipe.

Further, the diameters of the horizontal pipe and the vertical pipe of the measuring unit are the same, and the pipe diameter is 5-10cm.

Further, the length of the horizontal tube of the measuring unit is less than the distance between the water outlets of the capillary emitter to be tested.

Further, the length of the vertical tube of the measuring unit is 25cm.

Further, the measurement box of the measurement unit is made of hard plastic or plexiglass transparent material, and the strength of the material should ensure that it will not be deformed during the observation process.

A method for measuring the uniformity of oxygen irrigation water gas outflow of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) Pass the drip irrigation capillary to be tested through the horizontal pipe of the test box through the left sealing plug and right sealing plug of N measuring units. In the middle position, the opening is downward, and the boundary between the left sealing plug and the right sealing plug and the drip irrigation capillary and the horizontal pipe is sealed airtight and watertight;

(2) Unplug the upper sealing plug of the vertical tube of each measuring unit and the connected miniature pressure gauge, fill the soil used in the experiment into the test box evenly through the vertical tube, and the soil filling reaches the vertical tube 3cm above the drain valve;

(3) Supply water-air mixed fluid to the drip irrigation capillary, and start oxygen irrigation;

(4) When the soil surface in the vertical tube of the measurement unit has 1~3cm thick water, choose the opportunity to record the position of the water surface of each measurement unit, and use the sealing plug to seal the vertical tube, and calculate this When the volume V (m ³ ) of the gas enclosed in the vertical tube is reached, start timing at the same time;

(5) When the timing reaches 30 minutes or the height of the accumulated water reaches 15cm, whichever comes first, the irrigation stops, and the timing time T (min) is recorded, and the drain valve is opened and the accumulated water is taken out with a measuring cup until it reaches the position of the accumulated water Coincides with the water level at the start of timing, and records the outflow of water V ₁ (m ³ );

(6) Observe and record the reading P(Pa) of the miniature pressure gauge, and use the following formula to calculate the newly increased gas quantity V ₂ (m ³ ) in the vertical pipe: V ₂ =(P/P ₀ -1)V, In the formula, P ₀ is the atmospheric pressure (Pa);

(7) Using the formulas Q _w =V ₁ /T and Q _a =V ₂ /T, the water outlet flow Q _w (m ³ /min) and the air outlet flow Q _a (m ³ /min) of the measured emitter can be calculated respectively ;

(8) According to steps (1) to (7), the water flow Q _w1 , Q _w2 , Q _w3 , ... Q _wn and the air flow Q _a1 , Q _a2 , Q _a3 , ... Q _an of n emitters can be calculated ;

(9) Calculate the average flow rate of the measured n emitters ,

(10) Calculate the average air flow rate of the measured n emitters , ;

(11) Calculate the average difference of the water flow of the measured n emitters , ;

(12) Calculate the average difference of the air outlet flow of the n emitters measured , ;

(13) According to the results of steps (9) and (11), the water volume uniformity can be calculated , ;

(14) According to the results of steps (10) and (12), the gas volume uniformity can be calculated , .

Compared with the prior art, a system and method for measuring the uniformity of oxygen irrigation and water gas outflow according to the present invention have outstanding substantive features and significant progress. The measurement system and method proposed by the present invention can simultaneously measure water and gas outflow Uniformity, and the boundary conditions of the outflow of water and air are consistent with the actual application, so it has higher efficiency and more accurate precision.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of measuring unit of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a measurement schematic diagram of the present invention.

detailed description:

In order to better understand and implement, specific embodiments are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to describe the present invention in detail; the given embodiments are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, referring to Fig. 1, 2, adopt transparent hard plastic or plexiglass to make measuring box 1, material strength should ensure that measuring box 1 is not deformed in the observation process, measuring box 1 can hold soil, moisture and gas, measure The box 1 is an inverted T shape, formed by connecting the horizontal pipe 7 and the vertical pipe 8, the pipe diameters of the horizontal pipe 7 and the vertical pipe 8 are the same, and the length of the horizontal pipe 7 is slightly smaller than the emitter outlet of the drip irrigation capillary 9 to be tested The spacing of 10, the pipe diameter is 5 ~ 10cm, and the length of the vertical pipe 8 is about 25cm; the upper sealing plug 4 is installed on the upper port of the vertical pipe 8 to seal, and the miniature pressure gauge 2 is passed through the upper sealing plug 4 and the vertical pipe. 8 are connected, used to measure the pressure of the closed gas in the measuring box 1, the left sealing plug 5 and the right sealing plug 6 are respectively installed on the left and right ports of the horizontal pipe 7 for sealing, and the drain valve 3 is installed on the lower part of the vertical pipe 8 for Drain the accumulated water in the measuring box; form the measuring unit of the present invention, and according to the design requirements, a system for measuring the uniformity of oxygen irrigation and water gas outflow is formed by N measuring units with the same specifications.

Adopt the system of the present invention, the method for measuring the outflow uniformity of oxygen irrigation water gas, its steps are as follows:

(1) Pass the drip irrigation capillary to be tested through the horizontal tube of the test box through the left sealing plug and the right sealing plug of n measuring units. In the middle position, the opening is downward, and the boundary between the left sealing plug and the right sealing plug and the drip irrigation capillary and the horizontal pipe is sealed airtight and watertight;

(2) Unplug the upper sealing plug of the vertical tube of each measuring unit and the connected miniature pressure gauge, fill the soil used in the experiment into the test box evenly through the vertical tube, and the soil filling reaches the vertical tube 3cm above the drain valve;

(3) Supply water-air mixed fluid to the drip irrigation capillary, and start oxygen irrigation;

(4) When the soil surface in the vertical tube of the measurement unit has 1~3cm thick water, choose the opportunity to record the position of the water surface of each measurement unit, and use the sealing plug to seal the vertical tube, and calculate the time The volume V (m ³ ) of the gas enclosed in the vertical tube, and start timing at the same time;

(5) When the timing reaches 30 minutes or the height of the accumulated water reaches 15cm, whichever comes first, the irrigation stops, and the timing time T (min) is recorded, and the drain valve is opened and the accumulated water is taken out with a measuring cup until it reaches the position of the accumulated water Coincides with the water level at the start of timing, and records the outflow of water V ₁ (m ³ );

(6) Observe and record the reading P(Pa) of the miniature pressure gauge, and use the following formula to calculate the newly increased gas quantity V ₂ (m ³ ) in the vertical pipe: V ₂ =(P/P ₀ -1)V, In the formula, P ₀ is the atmospheric pressure (Pa);

(7) Using the formulas Q _w =V ₁ /T and Q _a =V ₂ /T, the water outlet flow Q _w (m ³ /min) and the air outlet flow Q _a (m ³ /min) of the measured emitter can be calculated respectively ;

(8) According to steps (1) to (7), the water flow Q _w1 , Q _w2 , Q _w3 , ... Q _wn and the air flow Q _a1 , Q _a2 , Q _a3 , ... Q _an of n emitters can be calculated ;

(9) Calculate the average flow rate of the measured n emitters ,

(10) Calculate the average air flow rate of the measured n emitters , ;

(11) Calculate the average difference of the water flow of the measured n emitters , ;

(12) Calculate the average difference of the air outlet flow of the n emitters measured , ;

(13) According to the results of steps (9) and (11), the water volume uniformity can be calculated , ;

(14) According to the results of steps (10) and (12), the gas volume uniformity can be calculated , .

Claims (1)

1. measure oxygen gas of pouring water and go out to flow the method for uniformity coefficient for one kind, adopt following system, this system is made up of the measuring unit that N number of specification is consistent, the main body of each measuring unit is measuring tank (1), described measuring tank (1) is inverted T shape, be connected by horizontal tube (7) and VERTICAL TUBE (8) and formed, VERTICAL TUBE (8) upper port is sealed by upper sealing-plug (4), micro pressure meter (2) is communicated with VERTICAL TUBE (8) by upper sealing-plug (4), and two ports in horizontal tube (7) left and right establish left sealing-plug (5) and right sealing-plug (6) respectively; Draining valve (3) is established in the bottom of described VERTICAL TUBE (8); The horizontal tube (7) of described measuring unit is consistent with the caliber of VERTICAL TUBE (8), and caliber is 5 ~ 10cm; The length of the horizontal tube (7) of described measuring unit is less than the spacing of to be measured capillary watering device water delivering orifice; The length of the VERTICAL TUBE (8) of described measuring unit is 25cm; The transparent material that the measuring tank (1) of described measuring unit is duroplasts or organic glass, Material Strength should be guaranteed in observation process indeformable; It is characterized in that, method comprises the following steps:

(1) drip irrigation pipe to be measured by the left sealing-plug of N number of measuring unit and the right sealing-plug horizontal tube through measuring tank, a douche water delivering orifice is only remained with in horizontal tube, douche water delivering orifice is in the centre position of horizontal tube, Open Side Down, and the border seal that left sealing-plug contacts with drip irrigation pipe and horizontal tube with right sealing-plug is airtight, water-tight;

(2) pull up the upper sealing-plug of the VERTICAL TUBE of each measuring unit and the micro pressure meter of upper company thereof, soil used for experiment is filled in measuring tank uniformly by VERTICAL TUBE, 3cm above the draining valve of soil filling arrival VERTICAL TUBE;

(3) to drip irrigation pipe supply gas-vapor mix fluid, start oxygen and fill with;

(4) when there is the ponding of 1 ~ 3cm thickness in the soil surface in the VERTICAL TUBE of measuring unit, the position in the ponding face of the good each measuring unit of record of selecting a good opportunity, and with sealing-plug, VERTICAL TUBE is sealed, calculate the volume V (m of the gas of now VERTICAL TUBE inner sealing ³), start timing simultaneously;

(5) when timing reaches 30min or long-pending water surface elevation reaches 15cm, with being as the criterion of arriving first, irrigating and stop, and time T(min during recording gauge), open draining valve and utilize measuring cup to pick out ponding until the position of ponding overlaps with water level when starting timing, recording the water yield V flowed out ₁(m ³);

(6) observe and record the reading P (Pa) of micro pressure meter, the amount of gas V utilizing following formula to calculate to newly increase in VERTICAL TUBE ₂(m ³): V ₂=(P/P ₀-1) V, P in formula ₀for atmospheric pressure (Pa);

(7) formula Q is utilized _w=V ₁/ T and Q _a=V ₂/ T can calculate the water flow Q of surveyed douche respectively _w(m ³/ min) and go out airshed Q _a(m ³/ min);

(8) the water flow Q of n douche can be calculated according to step (1) to (7) _w1, Q _w2, Q _w3... Q _wnwith go out airshed Q _a1, Q _a2, Q _a3... Q _an;

(9) calculate survey the water outlet average discharge of n douche , ;

(10) calculate survey the average discharge of giving vent to anger of n douche , ;

(11) calculate survey the water flow mean difference of n douche , ;

(12) calculate survey n douche go out airshed mean difference , ;

(13) result according to step (9) and (11) can calculate water yield uniformity coefficient , ;

(14) result according to step (10) and (12) can calculate tolerance uniformity coefficient , .