CN103726061B - A kind of green inhibition scale remover of sea water desalinating unit - Google Patents
A kind of green inhibition scale remover of sea water desalinating unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种针对海水淡化装置蒸发器和冷凝器中铝黄铜、316L不锈钢、钛合金金属部件的绿色缓蚀除垢法，其特征为：以浓度为0.1mol/L-2mol/L的稀盐酸或稀硫酸做为酸洗液；将复配比例为1:1-5:1的维生素B3和维生素B4做为缓蚀剂添加至酸洗液中，缓蚀剂浓度为0.01kg/m3-0.20kg/m3；在室温下，将待清洗的金属部件浸没0.5h-3h即可。本发明用于海水淡化蒸发器和冷凝器中铝黄铜、316L不锈钢、钛合金的除垢清洗，不仅可有效除垢，而且可有效阻止金属部件在酸中的有害腐蚀，其中使用的缓蚀剂为天然植物提取物，对环境和生物无毒无害，价格便宜，持续作用能力强，具有良好的应用前景。The invention discloses a green corrosion inhibition and descaling method for aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel, and titanium alloy metal parts in evaporators and condensers of seawater desalination devices, which is characterized in that: the concentration is 0.1mol/L-2mol/L Dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid is used as pickling solution; vitamin B3 and vitamin B4 with a compound ratio of 1:1-5:1 are added to the pickling solution as corrosion inhibitors, and the concentration of corrosion inhibitors is 0.01kg/ m 3 -0.20kg/m 3 ; at room temperature, immerse the metal parts to be cleaned for 0.5h-3h. The invention is used for descaling and cleaning of aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel, and titanium alloy in seawater desalination evaporators and condensers. It can not only effectively remove scale, but also effectively prevent harmful corrosion of metal parts in acid. The corrosion inhibitor used therein The agent is a natural plant extract, which is non-toxic and harmless to the environment and organisms, cheap in price, strong in sustained action, and has a good application prospect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种海水淡化装置的绿色缓蚀除垢剂配方及应用，用以防止海水淡化装置的蒸发器和冷凝器中铝黄铜、316L不锈钢和钛合金等关键金属部件在酸洗除垢过程中不必要的全面腐蚀和局部腐蚀。另外，此配方也可以应用于铝黄铜、316L不锈钢、钛合金等金属及其耦合体系在工业酸洗过程中的腐蚀，在属工业清洗技术领域。The invention relates to a formula and application of a green corrosion inhibitor and descaling agent for a seawater desalination device, which is used to prevent key metal parts such as aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel and titanium alloy from being pickled and descaled in the evaporator and condenser of the seawater desalination device Unnecessary general and localized corrosion in the process. In addition, this formula can also be applied to the corrosion of aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel, titanium alloy and other metals and their coupling systems in the industrial pickling process, which belongs to the field of industrial cleaning technology.
背景技术Background technique
热法海水淡化技术是目前海水淡化的两大主流技术之一，其技术成熟、对进水水质要求宽松，但结垢是困扰热法海水淡化装置运行的主要问题之一。污垢覆盖金属表面会导致垢下腐蚀，腐蚀产物会形成污垢，二者互相促进，对系统的安全运行带来极大危害。传热面一旦形成污垢，会大大降低其传热效率，增加流动阻力，造成能源的损失和浪费；而腐蚀一旦发生，会造成换热器渗漏，影响生产装置的安全运行。因此，需定期对海水淡化关键装置进行除垢清洗，蒸馏海水淡化专用除垢、阻垢剂的研发，对于形成我国海水淡化成套技术、加快其产业化步伐具有重要意义。Thermal seawater desalination technology is one of the two mainstream technologies for seawater desalination at present. Its technology is mature and the requirements for influent water quality are loose. However, scaling is one of the main problems that plague the operation of thermal seawater desalination devices. Dirt covering the metal surface will lead to under-deposit corrosion, and the corrosion products will form dirt. The two promote each other and bring great harm to the safe operation of the system. Once the heat transfer surface is fouled, it will greatly reduce its heat transfer efficiency, increase flow resistance, and cause energy loss and waste; once corrosion occurs, it will cause leakage of the heat exchanger and affect the safe operation of the production device. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly descale and clean the key desalination devices, and the research and development of special descaling and antiscaling agents for distilled seawater desalination is of great significance for the formation of my country's complete set of desalination technology and the acceleration of its industrialization.
在工业除垢过程中，常用稀硫酸或稀盐酸进行酸洗，可以去除表面的垢层、氧化膜或腐蚀产物，为了避免酸洗过程中金属或酸的过度消耗以及防止有害腐蚀的发生，在酸中加入缓蚀剂是有效的手段。In the process of industrial descaling, dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid is commonly used for pickling, which can remove the scale layer, oxide film or corrosion products on the surface. In order to avoid excessive consumption of metal or acid during pickling and prevent harmful corrosion, in Adding corrosion inhibitors to acids is an effective means.
目前常用的酸洗缓蚀剂中，主要包括含有毒铬酸根的无机缓蚀化合物，以及一些有机磷缓蚀化合物，其排放可能造成水体的富营养化。现有同领域的缓蚀剂大都具有毒副作用，不具备市场竞争力。因此，开发新的环保，廉价，来源广泛，无公害的酸洗缓蚀剂是目前缓蚀剂开发的新方向。Currently commonly used pickling corrosion inhibitors mainly include inorganic corrosion inhibitors containing toxic chromate and some organic phosphorus corrosion inhibitors, the discharge of which may cause eutrophication of water bodies. Most of the existing corrosion inhibitors in the same field have toxic and side effects and do not have market competitiveness. Therefore, the development of new environmentally friendly, cheap, wide-source, and pollution-free pickling corrosion inhibitors is a new direction for the development of corrosion inhibitors.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种海水淡化装置的绿色缓蚀除垢剂及其应用，用以防止海水淡化装置的蒸发器和冷凝器中铝黄铜、316L不锈钢和钛合金等关键金属部件在酸洗除垢过程中不必要的全面腐蚀和局部腐蚀。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green corrosion inhibitor and descaling agent for seawater desalination equipment and its application, in order to prevent key metal parts such as aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel and titanium alloy in the evaporator and condenser of seawater desalination equipment from being exposed to acid Unnecessary general and localized corrosion during cleaning and descaling.
本发明的技术方案是：一种海水淡化装置的绿色缓蚀除垢剂，其主要成分为维生素B3和维生素B4。两种物质均属于天然维生素物质，可从天然物质中大量提取，是人体中不可缺乏的物质，被广泛应用于药理，无毒无害。维生素B3是一种水溶性维生素，水果和蔬菜中含量丰富，从酵母、肝脏、兽鸟肉类，叶菜类中均可提取，可用于抗糙皮病，亦可用作血扩张药，大量用作食品饲料的添加剂，作为医药中间体，用于异烟肼、烟酰胺、尼可刹及烟酸肌醇酯等的生产。维生素B4主要存在于茶叶和甜菜汁等食物中，属于B群维生素的烟碱酸与核黄素，是核酸的组成成分，参与遗传物质的合成，能促进白细胞增生，使白细胞数目增加，用于防治各种原因引起的白细胞减少症，特别是用于肿瘤化学治疗时引起的白细胞减少症，也用于急性粒细胞减少症。将维生素B3和维生素B4以1:1-5:1的复配比例混合，作为清洗剂中缓蚀剂的主要组分，加入缓蚀剂浓度范围为0.01kg/m3-0.20kg/m3；而清洗剂使用的酸洗液为稀盐酸或稀硫酸，其浓度为0.1mol/L-2.0mol/L；酸洗温度保持在25℃左右；加入待清洗金属，浸没0.5h-3h即可。The technical solution of the invention is: a green corrosion inhibitor and scale remover for seawater desalination device, the main components of which are vitamin B3 and vitamin B4. Both substances belong to natural vitamin substances, which can be extracted in large quantities from natural substances. They are indispensable substances in the human body, are widely used in pharmacology, and are non-toxic and harmless. Vitamin B3 is a water-soluble vitamin, which is rich in fruits and vegetables. It can be extracted from yeast, liver, animal and bird meat, and leafy vegetables. Used as food and feed additives, as pharmaceutical intermediates, used in the production of isoniazid, nicotinamide, nicosyl and inositol nicotinate, etc. Vitamin B4 mainly exists in foods such as tea and beet juice. Nicotinic acid and riboflavin, which belong to the group B vitamins, are components of nucleic acid, participate in the synthesis of genetic material, and can promote white blood cell proliferation and increase the number of white blood cells. Prevention and treatment of leukopenia caused by various reasons, especially for leukopenia caused by tumor chemotherapy, and also for acute neutropenia. Mix vitamin B3 and vitamin B4 at a compounding ratio of 1:1-5:1 as the main component of the corrosion inhibitor in the cleaning agent, and the concentration range of the corrosion inhibitor added is 0.01kg/m 3 -0.20kg/m 3 ;The pickling solution used in the cleaning agent is dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid, and its concentration is 0.1mol/L-2.0mol/L; the pickling temperature is kept at about 25°C; add the metal to be cleaned and immerse it for 0.5h-3h .
本发明的原理在于：维生素B3和维生素B4分子是具有杂环的大环化合物，分子内含有杂环、氮、氧、硫等原子或原子团，能有效地吸附在铝黄铜、316L不锈钢和钛合金表面，起到缓蚀作用。The principle of the present invention is that vitamin B3 and vitamin B4 molecules are macrocyclic compounds with heterocyclic rings, which contain atoms or atomic groups such as heterocyclic rings, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, etc., and can be effectively adsorbed on aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel and titanium The surface of the alloy acts as a corrosion inhibitor.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明维生素B3和维生素B4来源广泛，2013年市场报价：维生素B3为50-100元/公斤，维生素B4为100-200元/公斤，成本很低。(1) Vitamin B3 and vitamin B4 of the present invention come from a wide range of sources. In 2013, the market price was 50-100 yuan/kg for vitamin B3 and 100-200 yuan/kg for vitamin B4, and the cost was very low.
(2)本发明缓蚀剂为天然物质提取物，为无毒无害的绿色物质，与目前化学合成的缓蚀剂相比，不存在使用后的环境问题，对环境和生物无毒无害，符合酸洗缓蚀剂发展的趋势，具有良好的应用前景。(2) The corrosion inhibitor of the present invention is a natural material extract, which is a non-toxic and harmless green substance. Compared with the current chemically synthesized corrosion inhibitor, there is no environmental problem after use, and it is non-toxic and harmless to the environment and organisms , in line with the development trend of pickling corrosion inhibitors, and has a good application prospect.
(3)本发明绿色缓蚀除垢剂适用于海水淡化蒸发器和冷凝器的除垢清洗或铝黄铜、316L不锈钢和钛合金及其耦合体系的缓蚀酸洗，可有效抑制上述各种金属或者其耦合体系在酸中的有害腐蚀，与目前常用的酸洗缓蚀剂比较，具有绿色环保，用量低，缓蚀效率高，持续作用能力强的突出优点，可反复使用。(3) The green corrosion inhibitor and descaling agent of the present invention is suitable for descaling cleaning of seawater desalination evaporators and condensers or corrosion inhibition pickling of aluminum brass, 316L stainless steel and titanium alloys and their coupling systems, and can effectively inhibit the above-mentioned various Harmful corrosion of metals or their coupling systems in acid, compared with currently commonly used pickling corrosion inhibitors, has the outstanding advantages of environmental protection, low dosage, high corrosion inhibition efficiency, and strong continuous action ability, and can be used repeatedly.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明按照GB10124－88《金属材料实验室均匀腐蚀全浸试验方法》进行挂片失重试验，试验酸洗液为盐酸和硫酸，浓度为0.1mol/L－2mol/L，试片为铝黄酮、316L不锈钢、钛合金试样，试验温度室温25℃，实验时间0.5h－3h，试验结果获得的最高缓蚀效率高于90％，显示为高效的缓蚀剂。According to GB10124-88 "Metal Material Laboratory Uniform Corrosion Total Immersion Test Method", the hanging piece weight loss test is carried out, the test pickling solution is hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, the concentration is 0.1mol/L-2mol/L, and the test piece is aluminum flavone, For 316L stainless steel and titanium alloy samples, the test temperature is 25°C, and the test time is 0.5h-3h. The highest corrosion inhibition efficiency obtained from the test results is higher than 90%, which shows that it is an efficient corrosion inhibitor.
实施例1Example 1
酸洗液为稀盐酸，浓度为0.1mol/L，酸洗液用量100L，加入缓蚀剂10g，在室温条件下清洗，浸没2h即可。The pickling solution is dilute hydrochloric acid, the concentration is 0.1mol/L, the amount of pickling solution is 100L, add 10g of corrosion inhibitor, clean at room temperature, and immerse for 2h.
实施例2Example 2
酸洗液为稀盐酸，浓度为0.5mol/L，酸洗液用量100L，加入缓蚀剂20g，在室温条件下清洗，浸没1h即可。The pickling solution is dilute hydrochloric acid, the concentration is 0.5mol/L, the amount of pickling solution is 100L, add 20g of corrosion inhibitor, clean at room temperature, and immerse for 1h.
实施例3Example 3
酸洗液为稀硫酸酸，浓度为0.5mol/L，酸洗液用量100L，加入缓蚀剂50g，在室温条件下清洗，浸没2h即可。The pickling solution is dilute sulfuric acid, the concentration is 0.5mol/L, the amount of pickling solution is 100L, and 50g of corrosion inhibitor is added, cleaned at room temperature and submerged for 2 hours.
实施例4Example 4
酸洗液为稀硫酸，浓度为1mol/L，酸洗液用量100L，加入缓蚀剂100g，在室温条件下清洗，浸没1h即可。The pickling solution is dilute sulfuric acid, the concentration is 1mol/L, the amount of pickling solution is 100L, add 100g of corrosion inhibitor, clean at room temperature, and immerse for 1h.
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