CN103708418A - Device for methanol reforming hydrogen production by utilizing waste heat of automobile exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for producing hydrogen by reforming methanol by utilizing waste heat of automobile tail gas. Heat-insulating ceramic wool is added between the inner and outer shells of the reaction body. After stacking multiple methanol water evaporation layers on the lower cover of the reaction body, the reforming reaction layer and the combustion reaction layer are alternately stacked. One end of the thermocouple is inserted into the reforming layer of the middle layer. In the reaction layer, the other end is connected to the electronic control unit with a temperature signal line; the electronic control unit is respectively connected to the methanol pump, the methanol aqueous solution pump, the air pump, the methanol air flow control solenoid valve and the methanol aqueous solution flow control solenoid valve circuit, and the methanol aqueous solution pump One end of the methanol pump is connected to the methanol water storage tank, and the other end is connected to the methanol water evaporation layer through the control solenoid valve. One end of the methanol pump is connected to the methanol storage tank, and the other end is connected to the methanol water evaporation layer through the control solenoid valve. Multiple exhaust air flow holes. The generated hydrogen is passed into the engine for mixed combustion with gasoline, which improves the energy utilization efficiency. The present invention can be installed on the automobile engine.

Description

A device for methanol reforming and hydrogen production using waste heat from automobile exhaust

technical field

The invention relates to a methanol reforming hydrogen production device, in particular to a device installed on an automobile for methanol reforming hydrogen production using waste heat of automobile tail gas.

technical background

The development of the automobile industry is of great significance in the development of the global economy. However, a large amount of exhaust gas emitted by automobiles has caused serious pollution and endangered our human living environment. In addition, today's increasing number of cars is rapidly consuming oil resources, and all proven oil resources in the world will be exhausted in a few decades. At that time, what power cars will drive will be a major problem facing mankind. my country's oil reserves are not optimistic. Most of my country's oil consumption depends on foreign imports. Energy has become the key to restricting my country's economic development. Against the background of oil energy shortage and environmental pollution, it is imperative to save energy and reduce emissions of automobiles.

The fuel combustion in the engine is the source of the car's power, and it is also the main place where the car produces pollutants. On the one hand, the exhaust gas emitted by engine combustion takes away part of the heat, resulting in energy loss; on the other hand, the exhaust gas emitted by engine combustion causes environmental pollution. Therefore, recovering the waste heat emitted by the engine to improve the fuel economy of the vehicle is an important way for the energy saving and emission reduction of the vehicle.

The Chinese invention patent (application number 200920263376.6) introduces a thermoelectric generator for waste heat recovery from automobile exhaust. The temperature difference between waste heat and cooling water generates electricity, effectively recovering waste heat from automobile exhaust. The Chinese invention patent (application number 201120314959.4) proposes a device for producing liquid CO ₂ and heating and cooling by using automobile exhaust. Exhaust gas is converted into CO ₂ through chemical reaction, reducing vehicle exhaust pollution emissions and improving energy utilization efficiency.

Automobile exhaust energy recovery and reduction of pollutant emissions are one of the future development directions of automobile manufacturing. Although there are many patents on automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and automobile exhaust pollution reduction treatment, they are not widely used. Many patents are only used It can be used for waste heat recovery of automobile exhaust or pollution reduction treatment of automobile exhaust.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a device for hydrogen production by reforming methanol by utilizing waste heat of automobile exhaust. The hydrogen production device is composed of an exhaust gas discharge pipe, a reforming hydrogen production reaction layer, a combustion reaction layer, a methanol water evaporation layer, and an electronic control unit. For hydrogen production, by adjusting the fuel supply of the combustion reaction layer, the reforming hydrogen production reaction can work under stable temperature conditions.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The invention includes: reforming reaction product output pipe, combustion reaction product output pipe, exhaust gas inlet pipe shell, reaction body upper cover plate, reaction body shell, reaction body inner shell, thermal insulation ceramic wool, reforming reaction layer, combustion reaction layer, Thermocouple, methanol water evaporation layer, lower cover plate of reaction body, exhaust gas outlet pipe casing, temperature signal line, combustion reaction fuel supply pipe, reforming reaction fuel supply pipe, electronic control unit, methanol water storage tank, methanol storage tank, methanol Pump, methanol water pump, air pump, methanol air flow control solenoid valve, methanol water flow control solenoid valve, methanol air flow path and methanol water flow path; of which:

The outer casing of the exhaust gas inlet pipe and the upper cover of the reaction body are connected by bolts, and the outer casing of the exhaust gas outlet pipe and the lower cover of the reaction body are connected by bolts; the outer casing of the reaction main body and the inner casing of the reaction main body are sleeve structures, and thermal insulation ceramic wool is added between them , the outer shell of the reaction body and the inner shell of the reaction body are installed between the upper cover plate of the reaction body and the lower cover plate of the reaction body; after stacking multiple methanol water evaporation layers on the lower cover plate of the reaction body, alternately on the methanol water evaporation layer The reforming reaction layer and the combustion reaction layer are stacked. Sealing gaskets are added between all the above layers. The exhaust gas inlet pipe shell, the upper cover plate of the reaction body, the lower cover plate of the reaction body and the exhaust gas outlet pipe shell It is sealed under the pressure of the nut and the nut; one end of the thermocouple is inserted into the reforming reaction layer of the middle layer, and the other end of the thermocouple is connected to the electric control unit with a temperature signal line.

The electronic control unit is respectively connected with the methanol pump, the methanol water pump, the air pump, the methanol air flow control solenoid valve and the methanol water flow control solenoid valve circuit. One end of the methanol water pump is connected to the methanol water storage tank, and the other end of the methanol water pump is passed through The methanol water flow control solenoid valve, methanol water flow path and reforming reaction fuel supply pipe are connected to the methanol water evaporation layer, one end of the methanol pump is connected to the methanol storage tank, and the other end of the methanol pump is connected to the methanol air flow control solenoid valve, methanol air The flow path and the combustion reaction fuel supply pipe are connected to the methanol water evaporation layer; the upper cover plate of the reaction body and the lower cover plate of the reaction body are provided with a plurality of waste gas circulation holes.

The reforming reaction layer is a circular sheet structure with a plurality of waste gas circulation holes. The positions and sizes of the holes are consistent with the holes on the upper cover plate of the reaction body and the lower cover plate of the reaction body. There is a rhombus-shaped groove on one side, and two passage holes for methanol and water vapor are opened on the two acute angles of the rhombus. Symmetrically, there are two passage holes for methanol and air on the reforming reaction layer. A micro-protrusion array, each micro-protrusion is loaded with a catalyst for steam reforming of methanol.

The combustion reaction layer is a circular thin plate structure with a plurality of exhaust gas flow holes. The positions and sizes of the holes are consistent with the holes on the upper cover plate of the reaction body and the lower cover plate of the reaction body. One side of the combustion reaction layer is opened. There is a diamond-shaped groove, which is staggered with the reforming reaction layer. There are two passage holes for methanol and air on the two acute angles of the rhombus. Symmetrically, there are two methanol and water vapor holes on the combustion reaction layer. The channel hole is processed with a micro-protrusion array in the groove, and each micro-protrusion is loaded with a methanol combustion catalyst.

The methanol water evaporation layer is a circular thin plate structure with a plurality of waste gas circulation holes, the positions and sizes of which are consistent with the holes on the upper cover plate of the reaction body and the lower cover plate of the reaction body. There is a diamond-shaped groove on one side, and two methanol and water vapor passage holes are opened on the two acute angles of the rhombus. Symmetrically, two methanol and air passage holes are also opened on the methanol-water evaporation layer.

The beneficial effect that the present invention has:

(1) Utilize the waste heat of the tail gas emitted from the exhaust pipe of the automobile to carry out the hydrogen production reaction of methanol steam reforming, reduce the energy waste of the waste heat of the automobile tail gas, and improve the energy utilization efficiency.

(2) The temperature monitoring device is used to measure the temperature of the reforming hydrogen production reactor, and the fuel supply of the combustion reactor is intelligently adjusted, so that the reforming hydrogen production reactor can work under stable temperature conditions.

(3) Putting the produced hydrogen into the automobile internal combustion engine and gasoline fuel for mixed combustion can effectively increase the combustion rate of gasoline fuel, reduce pollutant emissions from automobiles, and save petroleum fossil fuels.

(4) The invention has reasonable layout, convenient installation and disassembly, compact structure, and can be installed on automobile engines.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydrogen production device of the present invention at the thermocouple.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the reforming reaction layer of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the combustion reaction layer of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the evaporation layer of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Exhaust gas inlet flange, 2. Exhaust gas inlet pipe, 3. Reforming reaction product output pipe, 4. Combustion reaction product output pipe, 5. Exhaust gas inlet pipe shell, 6. Reaction body upper cover, 7 1. Outer shell of the reaction body, 8. Inner shell of the reaction body, 9. Thermal insulation ceramic wool, 10. Reforming reaction layer, 11. Combustion reaction layer, 12. Thermocouple, 13. Methanol water evaporation layer, 14. Lower cover plate of the reaction body , 15. Exhaust gas outlet pipe shell, 16. Exhaust gas outlet flange, 17. Exhaust gas outlet pipe, 18. Temperature signal line, 19. Combustion reaction fuel supply pipe, 20. Reforming reaction fuel supply pipe, 21. Electronic control unit , 22. Methanol water storage tank, 23. Methanol storage tank, 24. Methanol pump, 25. Methanol water pump, 26. Air pump, 27. Methanol air flow control solenoid valve, 28. Methanol water flow control solenoid valve, 29, Methanol air flow path, 30, methanol aqueous solution flow path, 31, fastening bolt, 32, sealing gasket, 33, flat gasket, 34, nut.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The invention relates to a device for hydrogen production by reforming methanol by utilizing waste heat of automobile tail gas. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it includes: waste gas inlet flange 1, waste gas inlet pipe 2, reforming reaction product output pipe 3, combustion reaction product output pipe 4, waste gas inlet pipe shell 5, reaction body upper cover 6 , reaction main body shell 7, reaction main body inner shell 8, heat insulating ceramic wool 9, reforming reaction layer 10, combustion reaction layer 11, thermocouple 12, methanol water evaporation layer 13, reaction main body lower cover plate 14, waste gas outlet pipe shell 15 , exhaust gas outlet flange 16, exhaust gas outlet pipe 17, temperature signal line 18, combustion reaction fuel supply pipe 19, reforming reaction fuel supply pipe 20, electronic control unit 21, methanol water storage tank 22, methanol storage tank 23, methanol Pump 24, methanol aqueous solution pump 25, air pump 26, methanol air flow control solenoid valve 27, methanol aqueous solution flow control solenoid valve 28, methanol air flow path 29, methanol aqueous solution flow path 30, fastening bolt 31, sealing gasket 32, Flat washer 33 and nut 34.

The exhaust gas inlet pipe shell 5 and the reaction body upper cover 6 are connected by bolts, and the exhaust gas outlet pipe shell 15 and the reaction body lower cover 14 are connected by bolts; the reaction body shell 7 and the reaction body inner shell 8 are sleeve structures, and the two Heat-insulating ceramic wool 9 is interposed to reduce heat loss; after multiple layers of methanol-water evaporation layers 13 are stacked on the lower cover plate 14 of the reaction body, reforming reaction layers 10 and combustion reaction layers are alternately stacked on the methanol-water evaporation layer 13 11. Sealing gaskets 32 are added between all layers, the waste gas inlet pipe shell 5, the upper cover plate of the reaction body 6, the lower cover plate 14 of the reaction body and the waste gas outlet pipe shell 15 are fastened with bolts 31 and flat pads The sheet 33 and the nut 34 are sealed under pressure; one end of the thermocouple 12 is inserted into the reforming reaction layer 10 of the intermediate layer, and the other end of the thermocouple 12 is connected to the electronic control unit 21 by a temperature signal line 18;

The electric control unit 21 is respectively connected with the methanol pump 24, the methanol aqueous solution pump 25, the air pump 26, the methanol air flow control solenoid valve 27 and the methanol aqueous solution flow control solenoid valve 28 circuits, and one end of the methanol aqueous solution pump 25 is connected to the methanol water storage tank 22 , the other end of the methanol water pump 25 is connected to the methanol water evaporation layer 13 through the methanol water flow control solenoid valve 28, the methanol water flow path 30 and the reforming reaction fuel supply pipe 20, and one end of the methanol pump 24 is connected to the methanol storage tank 23, The other end of the methanol pump 24 is connected to the methanol water evaporation layer 13 through the methanol air flow control solenoid valve 27, the methanol air flow path 29 and the combustion reaction fuel supply pipe 19; the reaction body upper cover plate 6 and the reaction body lower cover plate 14 are provided with A plurality of through holes allow the exhaust gas of the vehicle to circulate.

As shown in Figure 3, the reforming reaction layer 10 is a circular thin plate structure, has a plurality of through holes for the exhaust gas circulation of the automobile, the position and size of the holes are the same as the upper cover plate 6 of the reaction body and the lower cover plate 14 of the reaction body. The holes are consistent, and one side of the reforming reaction layer 10 has a rhombus groove, and two passage holes for methanol and water vapor are opened on the two acute angles of the rhombus. A passage hole for methanol and air, an array of micro-protrusions is processed in the groove, and each micro-protrusion is loaded with a copper-based catalyst CuO/ZnO/Al ₂ O ₃ for methanol steam reforming reaction;

As shown in Figure 4, the combustion reaction layer 11 is a circular thin plate structure, has a plurality of through holes for the exhaust gas circulation of the automobile, the position and size of the holes and the holes of the upper cover plate 6 of the reaction body and the lower cover plate 14 of the reaction body Consistently, one side of the combustion reaction layer 11 has a diamond-shaped groove, which is staggered with the reforming reaction layer 10, and two methanol and air passage holes are opened on the two acute angles of the rhombus, symmetrically, in the There are also two passage holes for methanol and water vapor on the combustion reaction layer 11, and a micro-protrusion array is processed in the groove, and each micro-protrusion is loaded with a platinum-based catalyst Pt/γ-Al ₂ O for methanol combustion reaction. ₃ ;

As shown in Figure 5, the methanol water evaporation layer 13 is a circular thin plate structure, has a plurality of through holes for the exhaust gas circulation of the automobile, the position and size of the holes and the upper cover plate 6 of the reaction body, the lower cover plate 14 of the reaction body The holes are consistent. One side of the methanol water evaporation layer 13 has a rhombus groove, and two methanol and water vapor passage holes are arranged on the two acute angles of the rhombus. Symmetrically, there are also two grooves on the methanol water evaporation layer 13. Channel holes for methanol and air.

The core of the electronic control unit 21 is a DSP, which integrates a signal acquisition module and a control output module, and can adjust the fuel feed rate of the combustion reaction layer 11 according to the temperature information measured by the thermocouple 12, so that the reforming reaction layer 10 is in a stable state. reaction at temperature.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

1. The exhaust gas discharged from the engine enters the hydrogen production device through the exhaust gas inlet flange 1 and the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2, enters the main body of the reaction layer from the hole in the upper cover plate 6 of the reaction body, flows out from the hole in the lower cover plate 14 of the reaction body, and finally passes through The waste gas outlet pipe 17 and the waste gas outlet flange 16 flow out, and the thermal energy in the waste gas directly heats the reaction device.

2. The thermocouple 12 reads the temperature information of the reaction device, and adjusts the amount of methanol and air through the electronic control unit 21 to enter the combustion reaction layer 11 for combustion reaction, generating heat, and keeping the reaction device within a certain temperature range (230°C~260°C °C) to reach the optimum reforming hydrogen production reaction temperature, and the combustion reaction product is discharged through the combustion reaction product output pipe 4.

3. After the temperature of the reaction device is stabilized, the electronic control unit 21 controls the methanol aqueous solution to enter the methanol water evaporation layer 13, and the evaporated methanol water vapor is passed into the reforming reaction layer 10 to carry out the reforming hydrogen production reaction, and the generated hydrogen product undergoes the reforming reaction The product output pipe 3 is discharged and delivered to the engine air intake.

Claims (4)

1. A device for methanol reforming hydrogen production using waste heat from automobile exhaust, characterized in that it includes: reforming reaction product output pipe (3), combustion reaction product output pipe (4), waste gas inlet pipe shell (5), The upper cover plate of the reaction body (6), the outer shell of the reaction body (7), the inner shell of the reaction body (8), the heat insulating ceramic wool (9), the reforming reaction layer (10), the combustion reaction layer (11), the thermocouple (12 ), methanol water evaporation layer (13), lower cover plate of reaction body (14), exhaust gas outlet pipe casing (15), temperature signal line (18), combustion reaction fuel supply pipe (19), reforming reaction fuel supply pipe ( 20), electronic control unit (21), methanol water storage tank (22), methanol storage tank (23), methanol pump (24), methanol water solution pump (25), air pump (26), methanol air flow control solenoid valve (27), methanol aqueous solution flow control solenoid valve (28), methanol air flow path (29) and methanol aqueous solution flow path (30); where: The exhaust gas inlet pipe casing (5) and the reaction body upper cover (6) are connected by bolts, the waste gas outlet pipe casing (15) and the reaction body lower cover (14) are connected by bolts; the reaction body casing (7), the reaction body inner The shell (8) is a sleeve structure, with heat-insulating ceramic wool (9) between them, the outer shell (7) of the reaction body and the inner shell (8) of the reaction body are installed on the upper cover plate (6) of the reaction body and under the reaction body between the cover plates (14); on the lower cover plate (14) of the reaction body, multiple layers of methanol water evaporation layers (13) are stacked first, and then the reforming reaction layers (10) are alternately stacked on the methanol water evaporation layers (13) and the combustion reaction layer (11), all of the above layers are provided with sealing gaskets (32), the exhaust gas inlet pipe shell (5), the upper cover of the reaction body (6), the lower cover of the reaction body (14 ) and the exhaust gas outlet pipe casing (15) are sealed under the pressure of fastening bolts (31) and nuts (34); one end of the thermocouple (12) is inserted into the reforming reaction layer (10) of the middle layer, and the thermocouple (12 ) is connected to the electric control unit (21) with a temperature signal line (18); The electronic control unit (21) is respectively connected with the methanol pump (24), the methanol water pump (25), the air pump (26), the methanol air flow control solenoid valve (27) and the methanol water flow control solenoid valve (28). One end of the aqueous solution pump (25) is connected to the methanol water storage tank (22), and the other end of the methanol aqueous solution pump (25) is supplied through the methanol aqueous solution flow control solenoid valve (28), the methanol aqueous solution flow path (30) and the reforming reaction fuel The pipe (20) is connected to the methanol water evaporation layer (13), one end of the methanol pump (24) is connected to the methanol storage tank (23), and the other end of the methanol pump (24) passes through the methanol air flow control solenoid valve (27), methanol The air flow path (29) and the combustion reaction fuel supply pipe (19) are connected to the methanol water evaporation layer (13); the upper cover plate (6) of the reaction body and the lower cover plate (14) of the reaction body are provided with a plurality of waste gas circulation holes. 2. A device for hydrogen production by reforming methanol by utilizing the waste heat of automobile exhaust according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reforming reaction layer (10) is a circular thin plate structure, with a plurality of waste gas circulation The hole, the position and size of the hole are consistent with the holes of the upper cover plate (6) of the reaction body and the lower cover plate (14) of the reaction body. One side of the reforming reaction layer (10) has a rhombus groove, and the two sides of the rhombus There are two passage holes for methanol and water vapor on the acute angle, symmetrically, there are two passage holes for methanol and air on the reforming reaction layer (10), and an array of micro-protrusions is processed in the groove, each A catalyst for steam reforming of methanol is loaded on the micro-boss. 3. A device for methanol reforming hydrogen production by using waste heat of automobile exhaust according to claim 1, characterized in that: the combustion reaction layer (11) is a circular thin plate structure with a plurality of exhaust gas circulation holes , the position and size of the holes are consistent with the holes of the upper cover plate (6) of the reaction body and the lower cover plate (14) of the reaction body, and a diamond-shaped groove is opened on one side of the combustion reaction layer (11), and the diamond-shaped groove is in line with the The reforming reaction layer (10) is staggered, two passage holes for methanol and air are opened on the two acute angles of the rhombus, and two passage holes for methanol and water vapor are opened symmetrically on the combustion reaction layer (11), A micro-protrusion array is processed in the groove, and each micro-protrusion is loaded with a methanol combustion catalyst. 4. A device for hydrogen production by reforming methanol by using waste heat of automobile exhaust according to claim 1, characterized in that: the methanol-water evaporation layer (13) is a circular thin plate structure with multiple waste gas circulations The hole, the position and size of the hole are consistent with the holes of the upper cover plate (6) of the reaction body and the lower cover plate (14) of the reaction body. There is a diamond-shaped groove on one side of the methanol-water evaporation layer (13). Two channel holes for methanol and water vapor are opened on the acute angle, and two channel holes for methanol and air are also opened symmetrically on the methanol water evaporation layer (13).

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