CN103695784A - Low-temperature steel and casting thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature steel and casting thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103695784A CN103695784A CN201310711790.XA CN201310711790A CN103695784A CN 103695784 A CN103695784 A CN 103695784A CN 201310711790 A CN201310711790 A CN 201310711790A CN 103695784 A CN103695784 A CN 103695784A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides low-temperature steel and a casting of the low-temperature steel. The low-temperature steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.24-0.31 percent of C, 0.28-0.51 percent of Si, 1.03-1.40 percent of Mn, 0.39-0.69 percent of Cr, 0.10-0.30 percent of Mo, 0.02-0.06 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S and the balance of iron and other inevitable elements. The invention further provides a bicycle coupler and a frame of trail hook made by smelting, casting and thermally treating the low-temperature steel. The low-temperature steel provided by the invention can solve the problem of high cast steel manufacturing cost in the prior art, and can meet the QCP873JT CA-3 Bicycle Coupler Technical Conditions and Russian Standard GOST22703-91.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-temperature steel and foundry goods thereof, belong to metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
At present, domestic for railway freight-car the cast steel of hitch, hook tail frame etc. be ZG25MnCrNiMo, material rate is E level.Wherein, the cost of alloy Ni element is very high, can reach 16-18 ten thousand/ton.The chemical composition of this E level steel and mechanical property are distinguished as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
The chemical composition (wt%) of table 1E level steel
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni |
| 0.22-0.28 | 0.2-0.4 | 1.2-1.5 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | 0.4-0.6 | 0.2-0.3 | 0.35-0.55 |
The mechanical performance index of table 2E level steel
Continuous expansion along with the market requirement, need to be to Mongolia, the extremely frigid zones outlet railway freight-cars such as Kazakhstan, the hitch wherein drawing for lorry, the casting production technical qualification of hook tail frame etc., need to carry out QCP873JT < < CA-3 type automatic car coupler technical qualification > > and Russian standard < < GOST22703-91 > >, the mechanical property of stipulating steel casting in standard is as shown in table 3:
The mechanical performance index of table 3 steel casting
Because the winter temperature of the extremely frigid zones such as Mongolia, Kazakhstan is lower, therefore, the foundry goods such as the hitch using on lorry, hook tail frame must have good low temperature impact properties.According to Russian standard < < GOST22703-91 > > requirement, need to do to cast steel-60 ℃ of shock tests.By domestic existing hitch is done to-60 ℃ of shock tests with E level steel, though its result can meet standard-required, there is the problem that cast steel cost is higher.
Therefore, how to develop a kind of low-cost cast steel that can meet QCP873JT < < CA-3 type automatic car coupler technical qualification > > and Russian standard < < GOST22703-91 > > is people's problem demanding prompt solution always.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of low-temperature steel, this low-temperature steel not only can solve the higher problem of cast steel manufacturing cost in prior art, can also meet QCP873JT < < CA-3 type automatic car coupler technical qualification > > and Russian standard < < GOST22703-91 > >.
The invention provides a kind of low-temperature steel, comprise each component of following weight percent: C:0.24-0.31; Si:0.28-0.51; Mn:1.03-1.40; Cr:0.39-0.69; Mo:0.10-0.30; Al:0.02-0.06; P :≤0.02; S :≤0.02, surplus is iron and other inevitable elements.
The present invention also provides a kind of hitch, and this hitch is to be formed through smelting, casting, thermal treatment by above-mentioned low-temperature steel.
The present invention also provides a kind of hook tail frame, and this hook tail frame is to be formed through smelting, casting, thermal treatment by above-mentioned low-temperature steel.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment step of described hitch and hook tail frame comprises quenching and tempering, wherein, control quenching temperature is 900-920 ℃, soaking time is 2-3 hour, and control tempering temperature is 560-600 ℃, and soaking time is 3-4.5 hour.This heat treatment step, can meet the moulding of low-temperature steel foundry goods, can improve again the moulding of foundry goods, toughness simultaneously.
Than prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, in the chemical composition of low-temperature steel of the present invention in order to eliminate or reduce the content of Ni element, to forming element and the content of low-temperature steel, carried out adjustment again, effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of cast steel.
2, the present invention carries out Mechanics Performance Testing by the hitch to after thermal treatment, hook tail frame, more than its ballistic work at-60 ℃ reaches 35J, meet QCP873JT < < CA-3 type automatic car coupler technical qualification > > and Russian standard < < GOST22703-91 > >.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The low-temperature steel that the present embodiment provides, comprises each component of following weight percent: C:0.24-0.31; Si:0.28-0.51; Mn:1.03-1.40; Cr:0.39-0.69; Mo:0.10-0.30; Al:0.02-0.06; P :≤0.02; S :≤0.02, surplus is iron and other inevitable elements.
The chemical composition of steel is the principal element that determines steel mechanical property, therefore, improve the mechanical property of steel, and appropriate chemical composition and content are vital.Aluminium in the chemical composition of steel can refinement steel crystal grain, improve the mechanical property of steel; But too high aluminium content can cause steel to become fragile, worsen the mechanical property of steel, in order to reach good mechanical property aluminium content, should be controlled at 0.02-0.06(weight percent).
Meeting under mentioned component prerequisite, adopting metallurgy industry ordinary method can obtain low-temperature steel of the present invention, smelting technology, by improving the purity of molten steel, reduces the content of gas and harmful element, for the subsequent heat treatment of material provides good basis.This smelting technology can adopt existing smelting technology, for example, can comprise the following steps:
1) starting material are prepared: according to the composition requirement of smelting steel grade, the iron alloy needing in smelting process, after weighing, is delivered to before arc furnace, various slag making materialses, carburelant, oxidation material, reducing material unification are delivered to stokehold simultaneously;
2) charging: process cutting, sorting, size and weight meet the steel of shove charge requirement, packs in batch hopper by " large, medium and small " mutual collocation, simultaneously with addition of carburelant and part iron alloy, through electromobile transport reinforced across, after weighing, pack in batches in electric arc furnace;
3) energising fusing: steel pack into after electric arc furnace, the fusing of can switching on.Adopt different electric current and voltage, electric energy is transferred to heat energy, make steel be fused into molten steel.For accelerating burn-off rate, in the process of energising, the technique that can also adopt oxygen blast to flux;
4) oxidation: steel are fused into after molten steel, add slag making materials, makes molten steel surface cover one deck slag, in the situation that liquid steel temperature is suitable, adds oxidation material, by the reaction of carbon and oxygen, guarantees certain decarburized amount.Molten steel is seethed with excitement, remove the gas in molten steel.Because boiling has occurred molten steel, molten steel is fully contacted with slag, in molten steel, harmful element phosphorus is transferred in slag.Between oxidation period, can divide and 2-3 time molten steel composition be detected.Being oxidized latter stage, can toast ladle;
5) skim: oxidation latter stage, in the situation that composition and temperature meet process stipulation, have a power failure, scratch clean the slag of oxidation period, to prevent that harmful element phosphorus from entering in molten steel again;
6) reduction: scratch clean after the slag of oxidation period, power transmission also adds rapidly slag making materials, by the mode of diffusive deoxidation and bulk deoxidation, removes oxygen element in molten steel, and the degree oxidizable according to iron alloy is different, in order iron alloy is joined in molten steel.In reduction process, adopt stirring of inert gas, make molten steel occur to flow, fully contact with slag, in molten steel, harmful element sulphur is transferred in slag.In deoxidation, desulfurization, adjustment molten steel composition, also constantly improve the temperature of molten steel, ready for tapping;
7) tapping:, liquid steel temperature qualified at molten steel composition and ladle baking meet process stipulation, deoxidation of molten steel is tested under good prerequisite, and tapping can have a power failure; In ladle, do not allow to pad tide mould sand.When operator occurs pit at the bag wall of ladle or the bag end, through conventional molding sand, repair, when molten steel enters ladle, molding sand comes off, and forms new being mingled with; Tapping spout should be dried smoothness, has not allowed foreign material.Mainly that the sand lump that prevents stifled tap hole enters and in molten steel, forms new being mingled with;
8) molten steel is concise: in the process of tapping, in ladle, be blown into rare gas element, and (for example: the ar blowing refining time of 4-5 minute) by be blown into rare gas element in ladle keep the regular hour, oxygen, nitrogen in molten steel are deviate from the floating of argon gas, and due to the stirring of argon gas, impel inclusion to collide with each other and grow up, floating enters in slag, further improves the purity of molten steel.After tapping finishes, in ladle, feed reductor;
Ordinary method by adopting above-mentioned industry to smelt, reduces gas and the content of harmful element and the P of harmful element, S content, improves the purity of molten steel, obtains the low-temperature steel of mentioned component.
After smelting technology, through casting, thermal treatment, obtain hitch and hook tail frame, thermal treatment process comprises quenches and tempering: particularly, quenching by above-mentioned low-temperature steel through 900-920 ℃, and be incubated 2-2.5 hour, again through the tempering of 560-600 ℃, and after the thermal treatment that is incubated 3-4.5 hour, the foundry goods of the low-temperature steel obtaining.
Embodiment
The chemical composition of the low-temperature steel that the present embodiment 1-6 provides is as shown in table 4:
The chemical composition of table 4 low-temperature steel (wt%)
| Sequence number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Al |
| 1 | 0.27 | 0.41 | 1.35 | 0.015 | 0.01 | 0.52 | 0.22 | 0.03 |
| 2 | 0.29 | 0.47 | 1.30 | 0.011 | 0.01 | 0.48 | 0.25 | 0.04 |
| 3 | 0.27 | 0.45 | 1.25 | 0.014 | 0.012 | 0.45 | 0.20 | 0.04 |
| 4 | 0.28 | 0.44 | 1.30 | 0.013 | 0.012 | 0.45 | 0.27 | 0.05 |
| 5 | 0.28 | 0.45 | 1.33 | 0.012 | 0.011 | 0.46 | 0.21 | 0.04 |
| 6 | 0.27 | 0.46 | 1.28 | 0.011 | 0.012 | 0.48 | 0.23 | 0.05 |
The hitch that the steel matter of above-mentioned chemical composition is obtained by thermal treatment, hook tail frame mechanical performance index are as shown in table 5:
The mechanical performance index of table 5 low-temperature steel foundry goods
From table 5, each mechanical performance index of the foundry goods of low-temperature steel of the present invention all, higher than each mechanical performance index of steel casting of defined in QCP873JT < < CA-3 type automatic car coupler technical qualification > > and Russian standard < < GOST22703-91 > >, meets the requirements of the standard.
Low-temperature steel of the present invention is not limited to and is applied in rail car hook and hook tail frame, is also applicable to manufacture the steel casting of the machineries such as the milling train that moves under other low temperature, oil, mine.
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiment only, in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a low-temperature steel, is characterized in that, comprises each component of following weight percent: C:0.24-0.31; Si:0.28-0.51; Mn:1.03-1.40; Cr:0.39-0.69; Mo:0.10-0.30; Al:0.02-0.06; P :≤0.02; S :≤0.02, surplus is iron and other inevitable elements.
2. a hitch, is characterized in that, by low-temperature steel claimed in claim 1, through smelting, casting, thermal treatment, is formed.
3. hitch according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described heat treatment step comprises quenching and tempering, and wherein, control quenching temperature is 900-920 ℃, and soaking time is 2-3 hour, and control tempering temperature is 560-600 ℃, and soaking time is 3-4.5 hour.
4. a hook tail frame, is characterized in that, by low-temperature steel claimed in claim 1, through smelting, casting, thermal treatment, is formed.
5. hook tail frame according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described heat treatment step comprises quenching and tempering, wherein, control quenching temperature is 900-920 ℃, and soaking time is 2-3 hour, control tempering temperature is 560-600 ℃, and soaking time is 3-4.5 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310711790.XA CN103695784A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Low-temperature steel and casting thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310711790.XA CN103695784A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Low-temperature steel and casting thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103695784A true CN103695784A (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310711790.XA Pending CN103695784A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Low-temperature steel and casting thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109158543A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-08 | 天长市兴宇铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting method of vehicle centre of pull steel-casting |
| CN110453134A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-15 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002256383A (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-09-11 | Amsted Ind Inc | Railway wheel alloy |
| CN101701325A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2010-05-05 | 天津机辆轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | E-grade steel with low cost |
| CN101748338A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-23 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | High-strength cast steel for coupler of railway vehicle and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101880837A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-10 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Method for preparing steel |
-
2013
- 2013-12-20 CN CN201310711790.XA patent/CN103695784A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002256383A (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-09-11 | Amsted Ind Inc | Railway wheel alloy |
| CN101701325A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2010-05-05 | 天津机辆轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | E-grade steel with low cost |
| CN101748338A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-06-23 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | High-strength cast steel for coupler of railway vehicle and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101880837A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-10 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Method for preparing steel |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109158543A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-08 | 天长市兴宇铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting method of vehicle centre of pull steel-casting |
| CN110453134A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-15 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140402 |