CN103693699B - Multi-effect vertical tube hydrophilic and breathable distillation apparatus having self heat return function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function. Three condensing standpipes are nested and installed in sequence, and a cylindrical cavity is formed between adjacent condensing standpipes. The three condensing standpipes The bottom opening is closed by a cover plate, the top openings are respectively provided with arched end covers, and the outer surface of the outer condensation standpipe is provided with a spiral coil, one end of the spiral coil is the feed raw water inlet, and the other end is connected to the feed raw water The tank is connected, the outer surface of the middle layer and the inner layer of the condensation standpipe is provided with a hydrophilic porous air-permeable film, and the outer surface of the condensation standpipe not attached to the hydrophilic porous air-permeable film forms a spiral water tank, and the arched end caps of the middle layer and the inner layer A circular water retaining edge is provided, and the inner condensing vertical pipe is used as a heating water tank, and a heater and a drain valve are arranged on the inner cover plate; the invention utilizes self-regeneration and multi-effect recovery of latent heat of steam condensation to improve the utilization of heat energy of the distillation device Efficiency can increase the demand for fresh water by increasing the number of effects and the area of evaporation and condensation.

Description

Multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and breathable distillation device with self-reheating function

technical field

The invention relates to a multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with the function of self-regeneration, in particular to a method of improving the heat utilization efficiency of the distillation device by utilizing self-regeneration and multi-effect recovery of latent heat of steam condensation and by increasing The utility model relates to a device for increasing the demand for fresh water quantity by improving the number of effects and evaporation and condensation areas so as to reduce the cost of desalinated water per unit volume, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment.

Background technique

At present, there are about 500 million people in the world who do not have access to clean and safe drinking water. With the increasing number of areas close to the development limit of water resources and the increasing number of extreme weather in the world, this number will increase by 5 by 2025. doubled to 2.8 billion people. The shortage of fresh water resources and the deterioration of the water environment will become important obstacles to the sustainable development of the world. Some scholars have suggested that competition for oil now will compete for water in the future. One of the most important ways to solve the shortage of fresh water resources is to seek to use solar energy or industrial waste heat to desalinate seawater or brackish water. There are many methods for desalination of seawater or brackish water, but conventional methods such as reverse osmosis, distillation, multi-stage flash evaporation and dialysis require a large amount of fossil energy consumption, high cost and low efficiency. Moreover, there are still many water-scarce areas in the world where the freshwater demand is scattered, such as inland brackish water areas, coastal fishing villages and island reefs, etc. It is obviously unrealistic to use traditional seawater or brackish water desalination systems in these areas. Therefore, the development of small and medium-sized, high-efficiency and compact seawater or brackish water desalination devices driven by solar energy or industrial waste heat, which is easy to maintain and operate, has always been a research hotspot in this field.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of low energy utilization rate, high thermal inertia of raw water, high energy consumption and difficulty in small-scale application of existing seawater and brackish water desalination devices, the present invention provides a multi-effect standpipe spiral profiling device with self-regenerating function The water-permeable distillation device can be used in remote areas or islands, and can be combined with solar energy or industrial waste heat, and has high energy utilization rate and low energy consumption.

A multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and breathable distillation device with self-reheating function, the distillation device includes three condensation standpipes, a cover plate, a feed raw water tank, a water pump, a water inlet pipe, a spiral coil, a heater, a hydrophilic Porous air-permeable membrane, inlet/drain valve, injector, inner water retaining plate, outer water retaining plate, raw water discharge pipe, fresh water discharge pipe, arched end cover and circular water retaining edge;

Installation relationship: three condensing vertical pipes are nested and installed in sequence, and a cylindrical cavity is formed between adjacent condensing vertical pipes. The bottom openings of the three condensing vertical pipes are closed by cover plates, and the top openings are respectively provided with arched end covers. The outer surface of the outer condensing standpipe is provided with a spiral coil, one end of the spiral coil is the feed raw water inlet, and the other end is connected with the feed raw water tank, and the outer surface of the middle layer and the inner layer condensing standpipe is provided with a spiral Hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane, the outer surface of the condensation vertical pipe without hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane forms a spiral water tank, the arched end caps of the middle layer and the inner layer are provided with circular water retaining ribs, and the inner condensation vertical pipe is used as a heating water tank , a heater and an inlet/drain valve are arranged on the inner cover plate;

The feed raw water tank leads two water inlet pipes to the middle layer and the inner circular water retaining edge respectively, and two drain pipes to the spiral water tank of the middle layer and the inner layer condensation standpipe respectively, and a water pump is installed on the drain pipe , the outlet of the drain pipe is provided with an injector, the inner water baffle and the outer water baffle are arranged on the cover plate, the inner water baffle is located in the cavity between the middle layer and the inner layer condensation standpipe, and the outer water baffle is located in the middle In the cavity between the first layer and the outer condensing vertical pipe, between the inner water baffle and the inner condensing vertical pipe, and between the outer water baffle and the middle layer condensing vertical pipe, the raw water discharge pipe passes through the cover plate It communicates with the concentrated raw water tank, and the cavities between the inner water baffle and the middle condensing standpipe, and the outer water baffle and the outer condensing standpipe are respectively communicated with the fresh water tank through the fresh water discharge pipe through the cover plate.

The distillation device also includes a spiral water guide, the arched end caps of the middle layer and the inner layer are provided with a spiral water guide, and the spiral water guide is located inside the circular water retaining edge.

The outer surfaces of the inner and outer condensation standpipes are processed with honeycomb-shaped pits at the corresponding positions of the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane.

The three condensation vertical pipes are circular or oval.

The injector is a duckbill injector.

The heater and the inlet/drain valve are replaced by the inlet and outlet pipes of the solar heat collector.

The heater and the inlet/drain valve are replaced by electric heaters.

Beneficial effect:

(1) The present invention sets multi-layer condensation standpipes to use the latent heat of steam condensation multiple times, which improves the energy utilization efficiency and water production of the device; it uses a spiral hydrophilic porous breathable film (such as foamed aluminum) on the outer surface of the condensation standpipe , the raw water is stored in the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane on the wall of the condensation standpipe, and the raw water in the spiral tank will replenish the raw water in the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane under capillary action, realizing the vertical wall storage in the distillation device The function of water, thermal inertia is small, the start-up time of the device is short, and the heating area of the raw water is increased at the same time, which avoids the problem that the water film on the vertical wall cannot be evenly distributed due to gravity; the feed raw water is reheated to strengthen the external The condensing effect of the layer condensing standpipe improves the heat energy utilization rate of the device and increases the unit water production of the same input heat energy; The problem of high energy consumption and high cost caused by multiple recovery of latent heat of condensation.

(2) In the present invention, a spiral water guide is also provided on the arched end cover, and the feed raw water forms a gradually expanding spiral water flow under the joint action of the spiral water guide and the circular water retaining edge, and under the action of the circular water retaining edge A uniformly flowing water film is formed on the arched end cap, which evenly infiltrates into the hydrophilic porous air-permeable film for evaporation, absorbing heat evenly, and compared with only using circular water retaining edges, it saves materials and makes the distribution of feed raw water more uniform .

(3) The inner wall surface of the condensation standpipe of the present invention is a smooth mirror surface, and a plurality of honeycomb pits are evenly distributed under the inner wall surface of the standpipe with a helical hydrophilic porous gas-permeable membrane, which increases the steam condensation area and destroys the condensation vertical pipe. The generation of water film on the condensation surface of the tube improves the heat transfer coefficient of the wall surface of the condensation vertical tube.

(4) The injector of the present invention is duckbill-shaped, and the duckbill injector is used to form a pressurized water flow. Under the action of centrifugal force and entrainment force, the water flow forms a slight negative pressure in the narrow cylindrical cavity, that is, the evaporation cavity, which is beneficial to The low-temperature evaporation of raw water and the rise of steam increase the mass transfer coefficient of steam.

(5) The present invention uses solar heat collectors or electric heaters instead of heaters and drain valves, so that the device has distinct characteristics of energy saving and emission reduction, and has a wider application range.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top sectional view of the multi-effect vertical pipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the arched end cap of the multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a top sectional view of a device in the present invention that uses an elliptical cylindrical condensation vertical pipe instead of a cylindrical condensation vertical pipe.

Fig. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of a multi-effect standpipe helical hydrophilic gas-permeable distillation device with a self-regenerating function whose heating device is a solar heat collector.

Fig. 7 is a diagram of an embodiment of a multi-effect standpipe helical hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with a self-regenerating function in which the heating device is an electric heater.

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the duckbill injector of the present invention.

Among them, 1—feeding raw water tank; 2—water pump; 3—water inlet pipe; 4—heating water tank; 5—spiral water guide edge; 6—honeycomb hole; 7—spiral coil; ; 10—hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane; 11—inlet/drain valve; 12—injector; 13—outer baffle; 14—raw water discharge pipe; 15—fresh water discharge pipe; 16—arched end cover; 17—round Shaped water retaining edge; 18—solar collector; 19—hot water inlet pipe; 20—hot water outlet pipe; 21—electric heating rod

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 to 4, the present invention provides a multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function. The distillation device includes three cylindrical condensation standpipes, a feed raw water tank 1. Water pump 2, water inlet pipe 3, spiral water guide 5, spiral coil 7, heater 9, hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10, inlet/drain valve 11, injector 12, outer water retaining plate 13, raw water discharge pipe 14. Fresh water discharge pipe 15, arched end cover 16 and circular water retaining edge 17; wherein the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10 is made of foamed aluminum, and the injector 12 is duckbill-shaped, as shown in Figure 8.

Installation relationship: three condensing vertical pipes are nested and installed in sequence, two layers of cylindrical cavity are formed between two adjacent layers of condensing vertical pipes, the bottom openings of the three condensing vertical pipes are closed by the cover plate, and the top openings of the three condensing vertical pipes An arched end cover 16 is provided, and the outer surface of the outer condensing standpipe is provided with a spiral coil 7 from bottom to top. One end of the spiral coil 7 is the feed raw water inlet, and the other end communicates with the feed raw water tank 1. The middle layer And the outer surface of the inner layer condensation standpipe is provided with a helical hydrophilic porous gas-permeable film 10, and a spiral water tank 8 is formed between adjacent hydrophilic porous gas-permeable films 10, that is, outside the condensation standpipe that is not attached to the hydrophilic porous gas-permeable film 10 The surface forms a spiral water tank 8. In order to increase the condensation area and ensure the reliable attachment of the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10, the inner surface of the condensation standpipe corresponding to the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10 is processed with honeycomb pits 6, and the arches of the middle layer and the inner layer The shaped end cover 16 is provided with a spiral water guiding edge 5 and a circular water retaining edge 17, the spiral water guiding edge 5 is located inside the circular water retaining edge 17, and the spiral water guiding edge 5 is used to make the feed raw water form a spiral flow. The water film distribution is more uniform under the effect of the shape water retaining edge, and can also save material, and inner layer condensing standpipe is used as heating water tank 4, and heater 9 and drain valve 11 are arranged on the cover plate of its inner side.

The feed raw water tank 1 leads two water inlet pipes 3 to the middle layer and the inner spiral water guide edge 5 respectively, and also leads two drain pipes to the spiral water tank 8 of the middle layer and the inner layer condensing standpipe respectively. A water pump 2 is provided, an injector 12 is provided at the outlet of the drain pipe, the inner water retaining plate and the outer water retaining plate 13 are both arranged on the cover plate, and the inner water retaining plate is located in the cavity between the middle layer and the inner condensation standpipe, The outer water baffle 13 is positioned in the cavity between the middle layer and the outer condensing vertical pipe, and the cavity between the inner water baffle and the inner layer condensing vertical pipe, the outer water baffle 13 and the middle layer condensing vertical pipe are all Pass the raw water discharge pipe 14 through the cover plate and communicate with the concentrated raw water tank, and the cavities between the inner water baffle and the middle condensing standpipe, the outer water baffle 13 and the outer condensing standpipe all pass through the fresh water discharge pipe 15 Pass through the cover plate and communicate with the fresh water tank respectively.

Working principle: The feed raw water enters the feed raw water tank 1 through the spiral coil 7 attached to the outer wall of the outer condensation standpipe, and part of the raw water flows to the surface of the arched end cover 16 through the water inlet pipe 3, and passes through the spiral coil on the surface of the end cover. The water guiding edge 5 and the circular water retaining edge 17 act to form a flowing water film, which then evenly infiltrates into the helical hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10, and the other part of the raw water passes through the duckbill-shaped jet pump 12 under the action of the water pump 2 to uniformly Spray into the spiral water tank 8 to form a slight negative pressure under the action of centrifugal force and entrainment force. At the same time, the raw water in the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10 is replenished by capillary action, and the heater 9 in the heating water tank 4 makes the heating medium heat up. And the amount of heating medium is adjusted through the drain valve 11, the heat is transferred to the raw water stored in the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10 attached to the outer wall through the wall of the inner condensation vertical pipe, and the raw water is heated and evaporated to the inner wall of the middle condensation vertical pipe , and then condensed into fresh water, the latent heat of condensation released by the steam during the condensation process is transmitted to the raw water in the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane 10 on the outer wall surface of the middle layer condensation standpipe through the wall surface, and the raw water is heated and evaporates to the condensation wall surface of the outer layer condensation standpipe to condense and form Fresh water, the fresh water generated during the working process of the device and the excess raw water are separated by the outer water baffle 13 and the inner water baffle at the bottom of the device, the fresh water generated is collected into the fresh water tank through the fresh water discharge pipe 15, and the excess raw water is collected through the raw water discharge pipe 14 Flow into the concentrated raw water tank.

Figure 5 is a diagram of an embodiment of replacing a cylindrical condensation standpipe with an elliptical cylindrical condensation standpipe. In order to facilitate processing, the cylindrical condensation standpipe is replaced by an elliptical condensation standpipe, and its operating principle is consistent with that of using a cylindrical condensation standpipe .

Fig. 6 is the embodiment diagram of the multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function that the heating device is the solar heat collector 18, adopts the solar heat collector 18 to replace the heater 9, and the solar heat collector 18 will Hot water is fed into the top of the inner condensation standpipe cavity through the hot water inlet pipe 19, that is, the heating water tank 4, and then the bottom end flows back to the solar collector 18 through the hot water outlet pipe 20. The operating principle is the same as that of the heater 9 unanimous.

Fig. 7 is the embodiment diagram of the multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function as the heating device of the electric heater 21, the electric heater 21 is used to replace the heater 9, and the electric heater 21 is arranged inside Layer condensing standpipe inner cavity, the electric heater 21 passes the external current heating medium to heat up the temperature, and the operation principle is consistent with adopting the heater 9.

The efficiency of the device of the present invention can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the required fresh water output, only the outer condensing vertical pipe needs to be increased or decreased, and the heating water tank does not need to be modified. In addition, the device of the present invention is easy to install and maintain, and is suitable for remote areas, Small-scale drinking water production on islands.

To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function is characterized in that the distillation device comprises three condensation standpipes, cover plate, feed raw water tank (1), water pump (2), Water inlet pipe (3), spiral coil pipe (7), heater (9), hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane (10), inlet/drain valve (11), ejector (12), inner water retaining plate, outer water retaining plate Plate (13), raw water discharge pipe (14), fresh water discharge pipe (15), arched end cover (16) and circular water retaining edge (17); Installation relationship: three condensing vertical pipes are nested in sequence, and a cylindrical cavity is formed between adjacent condensing vertical pipes. The bottom openings of the three condensing vertical pipes are closed by cover plates, and the top openings are respectively provided with arched end covers ( 16), the outer surface of the outer condensing standpipe is provided with a spiral coil (7), one end of the spiral coil (7) is the feed raw water inlet, the other end is connected with the feed raw water tank (1), the middle layer and the inner The outer surface of the layer condensation standpipe is provided with a helical hydrophilic porous air-permeable film (10), and the outer surface of the condensation standpipe not attached to the hydrophilic porous air-permeable film (10) forms a spiral water tank (8), and the middle layer and the inner layer The arched end cover (16) is provided with a circular water retaining edge (17), and the inner condensation standpipe is used as a heating water tank (4), and a heater (9) and an inlet/drain valve ( 11); The feed raw water tank (1) leads two water inlet pipes (3) to the top of the middle layer and the inner circular water retaining edge (17), and also leads two drain pipes to the middle layer and the inner layer of the helical condensation standpipe respectively. In the water tank (8), the drainpipe is provided with a water pump (2), the outlet of the drainpipe is provided with a sprayer (12), the inner waterstop and the outer waterstop (13) are all arranged on the cover plate, and the inner waterstop Located in the cavity between the middle layer and the inner layer condensing vertical pipe, the outer water baffle (13) is located in the cavity between the middle layer and the outer layer condensing vertical pipe, between the inner water baffle and the inner layer condensing vertical pipe, The cavity between the outer water baffle (13) and the middle layer condensing vertical pipe is connected to the concentrated raw water tank through the raw water discharge pipe (14) through the cover plate, and the inner water baffle and the middle layer condensing vertical pipe, the outer The cavity between the water baffle (13) and the outer condensation standpipe all passes through the cover plate through the fresh water discharge pipe (15) and communicates with the fresh water tank respectively. 2. The multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the distillation device also includes a spiral water guide rib (5), the middle layer and the inner layer The arched end covers (16) are all provided with spiral water guiding ribs (5), and the spiral water guiding ribs (5) are located inside the circular water retaining ribs (17). 3. The multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with self-regeneration function as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the inner layer and the outer layer condensation standpipe outer surface are on the hydrophilic porous air-permeable membrane (10 ) Corresponding positions are processed with honeycomb hole (6) shaped pits. 4. The multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic and air-permeable distillation device with self-reheating function according to claim 1, wherein the three condensation standpipes are circular or elliptical. 5. The multi-effect standpipe helical hydrophilic gas-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the injector (12) is a duckbill-shaped injector. 6. The multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic gas-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the heater (9) and the inlet/drain valve (11) are formed by a solar collector (18) inlet and outlet pipes instead. 7. The multi-effect standpipe spiral hydrophilic air-permeable distillation device with self-regenerating function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the heater (9) and the inlet/drain valve (11) are controlled by an electric heater ( 21) Instead.