CN103685079A - Self-adaptive Ethernet single-loop network algorithm - Google Patents
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Abstract
A self-adaptive Ethernet single-loop network algorithm is operated on a dual-layer interchanger. According to the algorithm, a special BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit) report is designed, and a linkup message in the BPDU report performs forwarding and comparing in a loop network to determine two ports of a root interchanger and the loop network. When the interchanger is started or is connected with the port, the linkup message is sent to judge the looped end port and the root interchanger; the own linkup message is received, and two looped ports are calculated; whether the interchanger is the root interchanger or not is judged, if yes, the root interchanger sends a finishing message and a notification message, and if not, the notification message is sent. The message is forwarded after the notification message is received, and the linkup message is sent to determine the own loop network port; the connected port is set to be in the forwarding state after the finishing message is received, a mac (media access control) address table is emptied, and the message is forwarded. The interchanger regularly scans the continuous change, a linkdown message is sent if a looped port is offline, the message is processed according to the interchanger and a responding message is sent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is that adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm belongs to network communication field.Be specifically related to a kind of software algorithm of moving on Ethernet switch.
Background technology
In modern industry communication environment, adopt Ethernet more and more general as transmission network, industrial communication is very high to the stability of transfer of data and reliability requirement, and the industrial communication network that Ethernet switch is fundamental construction must be made certain improvement and meet this requirement.The present invention designs stability and the reliability that self adaptation Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm guarantees communication.Adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm is operated in data link layer, mainly on switch, move, support the single annular topological structure between switch, use specific function and the algorithm provided by the invention of exchange chip to make switch ring topology physically convert linear topology structure in logic to.
Switch is the core network device that builds Ethernet, and between switch, the general linearity that directly adopts connects, but linearity is connected with a shortcoming: in linearity connects, have a line fault will cause whole network communication to be interrupted.In industrial environment, switch can adopt ring topology to connect, and avoids a network paralysis that line fault causes wherein.The privately owned looped network protocol and standard RSTP agreement of the general employing of switch that adopts ring topology to connect, standard RSTP agreement has redundancy backup and link switching function, but the self-healing time is oversize can not meet industrial requirements between several seconds to tens seconds the time of link switching.Privately owned looped network agreement needs Administrator root switch and is arranged to central port, not convenient in use.If operator connects mistake by mistake, switch ports themselves can cause network storm.
In order to overcome traditional oversize shortcoming of RSTP agreement self-healing time, the present invention proposes adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm, this algorithm is supported ring topology, there is redundancy backup and link switching function, can automatically select the one-tenth central port of switch, select simultaneously automatically or select in looped network a switch as root switch according to arranging of keeper.Root switch is carried out redundancy backup and link switching function, connect change intelligence while reconnecting with network reselect into central port and root switch, the switching time that network disconnects simultaneously be connected self-healing time after recovery in 20ms.
Summary of the invention
The present invention need to use the specific function of the exchange chip of switch, comprising: the port status of switch, the connection status of switch and BPDU(bridging management frame).Exchange chip major part is all supported these functions now, such as the chips such as 6095F, 6061F of Ma Weier company, the chips such as the BCM53242 of Botong company, BCM53262.The port status of switch has four kinds conventionally: forwarding state, blocked state, disabled status, learning state.The present invention uses wherein two kinds: forwarding state and blocked state, and forwarding state allows all Frames to pass through, and blocked state only allows BPDU to pass through, and other messages do not allow to pass through.BPDU is a kind of specific message of switch, and its effect is the connection of management switch, and BPDU can be in the switch ports themselves transmitting-receiving of blocked state to be processed, and can realize concrete procotol with it.BPDU can specify the outbound port of message, analyzes the inbound port that BPDU can obtain message.The outbound port of the present invention's application BPDU and inbound port calculate switch participation looped network become central port, with the transmitting-receiving of BPDU message, processed algorithm major function.In real network except the data communication of BPDU message, a large amount of is common data flow, these data flow much need to take the processing time of cpu, the importance of BPDU message is higher than common data stream, if the data flow of BPDU does not have timely processing can cause network storm, so need the data of priority treatment BPDU, open the QOS function of switch, allow BPDU data in highest-priority queue, switch priority treatment BPDU.
The present invention designs a kind of special BPDU frame, the information such as mac address of the outbound port that comprises switch, the priority of switch, root switch.This BPDU frame can be expressed by data structure below, and wherein des_mac is the special multicast destination address that algorithm adopts, and the CPU that switch is directly forwarded to switch after the Frame of receiving this special multicast destination address processes.Source_mac is the mac address of switch of giving out a contract for a project, and has uniqueness; Bcm_type is the type of exchange chip, and each is different in each producer; Bcmt_tag field can the outbound port of specified data frame and the priority of BPDU Frame, and after switch is received BPDU frame simultaneously, exchange chip is revised it, comprises the entrance information of frame in amended field; Cmd is the type of message, in order to distinguish the not various message of same-action; Id is that the priority of switch indicates; Depth shows the number of the switch of Frame process; Out_port points out data outbound port; Root_mac is the mac address of root switch in looped network; Reserve_data is reserve area, can expand afterwards.For specific exchange chip, bcm_type, the position of these two fields of bcm_tag and size may be different, need developer to modify according to the explanation of chip, and structure below can be supported BCM53242, the BCM53262 chip of Botong company.
typedef?struct
{
Unsigned char des_mac[6]; The object mac address * that/* sends/
Unsigned char source_mac[6]; Mac address, the source * that/* sends/
Unsigned short bcm_type; The type * of/* exchange chip/
Unsigned int bcm_tag; The switch ports themselves * of/* sending and receiving/
Unsigned char cmd; The type * of/* message/
Unsigned char depth; / * the degree of depth, and the distance * of root switch/
Unsigned char out_port; / * outbound port */
Unsigned char id; The priority * of/* switch/
Unsigned char root_mac[6]; / * root switch mac address */
Unsigned char reserve_data[128]; / * encumbrance expand to adopt afterwards according to this */
}PACKED?MSRSTP_BPDU_PKT_EX;
When switch starts algorithm of the present invention, it is that blocked state only allows BPDU Frame to pass through that algorithm arranges all switch ports themselves, then fill each field of BPUD frame, set out the priority id of port out_port and switch, root_mac is set to the mac of switch oneself, the priority of root switch is set to the priority of oneself, and depth is set to 0, cmd and is set to link up message (this message is used for electing root switch).From the outbound port out_port of appointment, send the BPDU frame of link up message, just started to travel through the port in all connections of switch and sent link up message, this message is encapsulated in BPDU frame, simultaneously switch is opened overtime timer, and this timer is not received the situation after the link up message of oneself sending after for the treatment of the overtime certain hour of switch.The port status of initialization switch as shown in Figure 1.
Neighbor switch is received the priority id that first judges switch after link up message, if own priority id is little, the root_mac that replaces receipt message is own mac address, and id replaces with the id of oneself.If id indicates, equate, compare root_mac and the mac address of oneself, if oneself is little, replace the mac that root_mac is oneself.If it is large relatively to find that own id indicates, or id to indicate the same still oneself mac address larger than root_mac, do not replace so.Then treated message is sent out from all of the port except entry port having connected.Other switches are done similar processing, receive link up message packet and compare, and meet some requirements and just revise message, the port repeat from connecting.The process of the processing link up message of switch as shown in Figure 2.
According to above-mentioned steps, if network is ring topology, message finally can be got back to source transmit leg, source transmit leg is received after message, relatively whether source_mac and the mac address of oneself equate, if equate, confirm that this message is exactly that oneself sends, and then parses inbound port from bcm_tag, from out_port, obtain the outbound port of message, switch has just obtained two ports of own participation loop network topology structure like this.Whether the root_mac and the mac of oneself that start comparison message equal simultaneously, if equated, own selected is root switch.Outbound port out_port in root switch comparison message and the inbound port parsing from bcm_tag, both medium and small sides are set as transmit port, a large side is set as backup port, then transmit port is set to forwarding state, backup port keeps blocked state, and the message of then giving notice, notifies the present network of other switches to be detected as ring, finally send message, notified the root switch in other switch networks to choose.The computational process of the selection course of root switch and looped network port as shown in Figure 3.If relatively the root_mac of message and the mac of oneself are unequal, to judge Cheng Huan of network, but oneself be not root switch, the message of now giving notice, notifies other switches to detect network Cheng Huan.
In looped network, other switches are received after the notification message of sending, first learn Cheng Huan of network, and fill link up message, from the port of receiving notice message just now, send link up message and determine that oneself two become central ports, forward this notification message, this notification message stops forwarding after circulating and getting back to a source transmit leg in simultaneously.When switch has been received message, it knows that looped network has become to encircle root switch and also determined, so the state of the port in connection status is set to forward, then forwards this message.Completing message finally gets back to root switch and stops forwarding.Above-mentioned notification message flow process in looped network as shown in Figure 4, completes the flow process of message in looped network as shown in Figure 5.
Switch is when starting algorithm of the present invention, block all ports and send link up message and judge root switch and be calculated to be central port, can open overtime timer simultaneously, periodically sending link up message surveys, at network, do not become in ring situation, if the overtime link up message of not receiving oneself of timer, the state of the port that can block is set to forward, and stops sending link up message simultaneously.
The switch periodically connection of detection port changes, if find that there is the port in new connection, first switch judges the state that whether is into ring before network, if state circlewise, just the port in new connection is set to forwarding state, otherwise this port is arranged to blocked state; Then periodically sending link up message is detected as ring to open overtime timer, if overtime, do not receive that the link up message of oneself sending is re-set as forwarding state port blocked, stop sending link up message, above all Period Process carry out.If find, one of them becomes the link of central port to go offline or fault, and setting goes offline or the state of out of order port is blocked state, then in another one, becomes central port to send out link down message, and former two of detecting that remove oneself become central ports.First the switch of receiving link down message judges that oneself is root switch, if not root switch, removes the one-tenth central port of oneself, forwards this message, empties mac address table simultaneously.If root switch is opened the backup port oneself blocking, empty mac address table, then send out the response message of link down.Root switch is different with other switches, and it does not forward link down message, and it is the terminal of link down message.The processing procedure of link down message as shown in Figure 6.Switch is received the response message of link down message, judges that whether oneself is the source transmit leg of link down message, if not forwarding this message, if it is stops forwarding.Detect and go offline or the switch of fault remains on each scan period and send link down message one time, until receive the response message of the link down message of root switch.
The implementation of the algorithm of above introducing needs all switch supports in looped network, if there is switch not support in looped network, has a kind of strengthened scheme.First according to the feature of BPDU frame, it is that a kind of destination address is the frame of multicast address, to multicast address default treatment, be to forward to all mouthfuls, so do not support the switch of this algorithm by all message of transparent transmission the present invention design, support that the switch of this algorithm can be by correct the selecting root switch and calculate into central port of link up message.The root switch cycle in looped network sends hello probe message, if non-root switch forwards this message after supporting algorithm of the present invention to receive hello probe message in network, in looped network, do not support the switch transparent transmission hello message of algorithm of the present invention, so if looped network is the state that is communicated with into ring, even if having, do not support the switch of invention algorithm to exist, hello probe message finally also can be got back to root switch.Root switch is opened timer simultaneously, the hello probe message of oneself is received in wait, if overtime, do not receive hello probe message, root switch hypothesis network has fault, and it is forwarding state that backup port is set, and empties mac address table, send updating message, switch in looped network is received updating message, empties mac address table, forwards this message.
In order to accelerate looped network in switchboard circuit fault and the self-healing time while going offline, at switch multicast address, transmit record of middle interpolation, the content of record is that corresponding two in the object multicast mac address of the BPDU frame that adopts of algorithm become central port and cpu port.Exchange chip carries out hardware forwarding data frame according to this record, and its speed is far away faster than by the software forward speed of cpu, and switch becomes central port to receive that the exchanged chip of link down message is given to cpu port simultaneously and becomes central port with another one at one.
This algorithm is a higher priority service operation on machine backstage in return, and whether its periodic test switch exists connects the port changing, and whether has the port newly connecting; If there is no discovering network Cheng Huan, just send link up message and carry out the connectedness of detection network (link up circulates and can select root switch and the switch ports themselves that calculates into ring for a week) simultaneously; Switch detects into after ring, sends a notification message, and excites and oneself send two one-tenth central ports that link up message is surveyed oneself after the notified message of neighbor switch.In a word: the switch in network detects the one-tenth central port of oneself separately, after a switch detects into ring, by sending a notification message, excite other switches to start same process, find the various types of messages of new url triggering as shown in Figure 7.
The beneficial effect of this algorithm is: without administrative staff, carry out any configuration and just can in looped network, select a switch as root switch automatically, also select two ports that participate in looped network simultaneously, relatively there is the specific of configuration simple and flexible with the Single-ring network scheme of other many companies, because there are many looped network implementations all to need administrative staff manually to select root switch, or need administrative staff to be manually designated as two ports of ring, if just cause network storm when administrative staff have mistaken looped network port in circuit plug time, if root switch fault can cause communication failure.The present invention can use default priority, switch in looped network is according to mac address uniqueness election root switch, the communication risk of having avoided root switch fault to bring, two looped network ports are also the network storm faults of having avoided operate miss to bring of automatically calculating simultaneously.The self-healing time that this algorithm disconnects at network is simultaneously faster than RSTP agreement in millisecond rank, and required amount of calculation and complexity are all less than RSTP agreement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The state of switch during Fig. 1 initialization
The step of Fig. 2 switch processes link up message
The computational process of the selection course of Fig. 3 root switch and looped network port
The flow process of notification message in Fig. 4 looped network
In Fig. 5 looped network, become the flow process of ring message
The flow process of link down message in Fig. 6 looped network
Fig. 7 finds the various types of messages that new url triggers
Embodiment
Algorithm of the present invention is mainly carried out on switch, need to select suitable exchanger chip, such as the chips such as 6095F, 6061F of Ma Weier company, the chips such as the BCM53242 of Botong company, BCM53262.This chip must possess BPDU management frames, need to write specific network driver treatments B PDU management frames.BPDU management frames is different with normal data frame, and network-driven can be processed this two kinds of different Frames simultaneously.Optimized network improves the priority of BPDU Frame, opens the QOS function of switch, and the priority that it is set is the highest.Simultaneously in order to guarantee that cpu has time enough and resource to process BPDU frame, can configuration switch limit the speed that unknown multicast and broadcasting packet pour in cpu port.
In the time of initialization switch, all of the port, at blocked state, sends link up message, if regularly overtime, does not receive that oneself sends message, arranges forwarding state the port in all connections.If switch is received this message, record two and become central port, judge whether oneself is root switch, if not root switch, open the port in the connection of own non-Cheng Huan, send a notification message, judge that else if this switch is that root switch in looped network is sent completely message, and select a transmit port, a backup port, transmit port is set to forwarding state, backup port is set to blocked state, send a notification message and complete message, this message is used for notifying looped network switch to select root switch, the switch that has received message empties mac address table, send link up message and survey the one-tenth central port of oneself.Then switch periodically detects link change and carries out respective handling.
In experimental situation, send the Frame of 95% flow, this Frame mixes 5% broadcast, 50% clean culture, 40% multicast, tests by packet loss, and result shows in above-mentioned software and hardware setting situation, at 4 switches, form Single-ring network, wherein pull up and plug netting twine each 100 times, test the self-healing time of all 200 times, adopt algorithm of the present invention can reach the average self-healing time of 15ms.
Above said content, is a concrete example of the present invention, and not only for limiting protection scope of the present invention.All in original scope of the present invention with interior any modification, of equal value replacement, improves and any parameter adjustment, all should be included among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm, it is characterized in that: switch sends separately link up message and surveys whether Cheng Huan of looped network when starting, judge that the root switch in network also detects the one-tenth central port of oneself, link up message is finally got back to source transmit leg by neighbor switch reception & disposal forwarding simultaneously; Source transmit leg detects into ring, sends a notification message and excites other switches to start same detection process; During the notified message of switch in network, send link up message and open own detection process, and forward notification message, finally notification message is got back to transmit leg and is stopped forwarding; Switch is sent completely message after detecting and oneself being root switch, and neighbor switch is opened the port of obstruction and forwarded this message after having received message, finally completes message and gets back to transmit leg and stop forwarding.
2. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the priority of switch root switch when initialization BPDU message packet is set to the priority of oneself, the mac address of root switch is set to the mac address of oneself, sending port and sending link up message at this port of message is set, neighbor switch receives that the switch of link up message compares by the priority of oneself and the priority in message, with the mac of oneself and the root switch mac address in message, compare, if the configuration height of oneself, replaces, forward this message simultaneously, this message stops forwarding after getting back to source transmit leg.
3. according to adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm described in claim 1 and claim 2, it is characterized in that: the configuration height of oneself is replaced, by the priority of oneself, replace message medium priority, the mac address of replacing the root switch in message with the mac address of oneself, after replacement completes, the port in all connections except receiving port forwards.
4. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: link up message is got back to source transmit leg through forwarding, source transmit leg reads out port from message, and calculate the inbound port of message, outbound port is exactly the central port that becomes that switch participates in looped network with inbound port, compare root switch mac and own mac, if equal confirm it oneself is root switch, if root switch arranges an one-tenth central port, it is backup port, backup port is set to blocked state, another is transmit port, transmit port is set to forwarding state, send out public notice message and complete message of root switch, the non-root switch message of sending out public notice.
5. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the port of switch is set to blocked state when initialization, send link up message, open timer simultaneously, if timer expiry is not received the link up message that oneself is sent out, port is set to forwarding state.
6. according to adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm described in claims 1 and claims 4, it is characterized in that: the notified message of switch forwards this message, send link up message simultaneously and determine the one-tenth central port of oneself, received that message is arranged to forwarding state the port status connecting of oneself, empty mac address table, forwarded message.
7. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: switch periodically detects the connection status of own port, if finding that there is new port connects, whether two looped network ports that judge oneself detect, if detect into central port, port on just having connected is set to forwarding state, otherwise sends whether Cheng Huan of link up message detection link; If finding that there is new switch-link disconnects, the port disconnecting is the one-tenth central port of oneself simultaneously, send link down message, notice root switch is processed, after root switch is received, backup port is set to forwarding state, empties mac address table, send the response message of link down, source transmit leg stops sending link down message after receiving response message.
8. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: open the QOS of switch, allow the message packet of this algorithm at highest-priority queue, the message packet of this algorithm of switch priority treatment; Configuration switch limits the speed that unknown multicast and broadcasting packet pour in cpu port; At switch multicast address, transmit record of middle interpolation, the content of record is that corresponding two in the object multicast mac address of message packet frame of this algorithm of adopting of algorithm become central port and cpu port.
9. adaptive Ethernet Single-ring network algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in looped network, do not exist while not supporting this algorithm switch and also can move, the root switch cycle in looped network sends hello probe message, open timer simultaneously, if the overtime hello message of not receiving of root switch, its hypothesis network has fault, it is forwarding state that backup port is set, empty mac address table, send updating message, switch in looped network is received updating message, empties mac address table, forwards this message.
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| CN105282001A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-01-27 | 深圳市源拓光电技术有限公司 | Network opening method for industrial Ethernet switch |
| CN108566326A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-09-21 | 苏州德铂思电子科技有限公司 | It is a kind of industry looped network fault detect and restorative procedure |
| CN111447149A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-07-24 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Shared storage-based GOOSE message dual-network inhibition method |
| CN112671583A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 北京华耀科技有限公司 | Topology pruning method and device for ring network and virtual switch |
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