CN103683438B - Be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a power-adjustable wireless charging device applied to an implantable cardiac pacemaker, which includes a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the transmitting end includes a power adjustment unit, a transmitting coil, a transformer, a control circuit, a driving circuit and a first The frequency conversion circuit and the power adjustment unit are used to adjust the transmission power of the electromagnetic energy of the transmitting coil; the receiving end includes a receiving coil, a second frequency conversion circuit, a rectification filter circuit and a power monitoring circuit, and the power monitoring circuit exchanges information with the program controller through the radio frequency communication module. The transmission power of the transmission coil can be adjusted by the power adjustment unit. The invention realizes the adjustable transmission power of the transmitting coil through the power adjustment unit, monitors the power consumption and charging of the battery of the cardiac pacemaker in real time through the power monitoring circuit, and is suitable for wireless charging of the cardiac pacemaker.

Description

Power adjustable wireless charging device for implantable cardiac pacemaker

technical field

The invention relates to an electric energy transmission device, in particular to a power-adjustable wireless charging device applied to implantable cardiac pacemakers.

Background technique

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, 17.5 million people die from heart disease every year in the world, and it is estimated that 20 million people will die from this disease in 2015. Bradycardia, arrhythmias, and heart failure can all lead to death. Correct and effective treatment and diagnosis is an important factor for survival, and cardiac pacemaker has become an important technology for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and is applied to diseases such as sinus arrest, sinoatrial block, atrial/ventricular ectopic rhythm and tachycardia .

Since the first cardiac pacemaker came out in 1932, human beings have continued to develop and innovate on the basis of cardiac pacing theory and practice. After several generations of efforts, cardiac pacemakers have become a mature and reliable medical technology. At present, artificial cardiac pacemakers can be divided into two types: external temporary type and implantable type. The former is mainly used to provide emergency temporary pacing, while the latter is mainly used for long-term implantable pacing therapy. Over the past 40 years, both pacemaker engineering technology and clinical application have developed rapidly. In 1997, statistics were made on the use of pacemakers around the world, calculated by the number of pacemakers implanted per million people, including 571 in the United States, 552 in France, 440 in Germany, 368 in Canada, 345 in Australia, 293 in Israel, 153 in Japan, and 153 in Hong Kong 100, Singapore 61. According to the data obtained from the national pacemaker use survey conducted by the Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing Branch of the Chinese Medical Association in 2002, at least 279 hospitals in mainland China have carried out pacemaker implantation; the total number of pacemaker implants in 2001 10857 units; 8 units per million people, of which dual-chamber pacemakers accounted for 36.3%, ventricular single-chamber pacemakers accounted for 56.2%, and others including AAI(R) and VVI(R) accounted for 7.5%.

At present, the pacemaker mainly uses a built-in battery as a power source. This battery usually has a working life of 5 to 10 years. Once the energy is nearly exhausted, the battery needs to be replaced surgically. Exhaustion is not sure. It is even necessary to go to the hospital regularly for examination within the first 1-2 years of the service life. This will undoubtedly cause inconvenience to some elderly patients.

If wireless charging technology is applied to cardiac pacemakers, the internal cardiac pacemaker can be charged without surgery to remove the battery, avoiding the risks of surgical failure, chest infection, etc., which can greatly improve the quality of life of cardiac patients after surgery. It can greatly save the medical expenses and pain of patients. In addition, wireless charging is safer, because there are no leaky connectors, which can completely avoid safety hazards such as leakage and runaway. Wireless charging technology was first used in water purifiers, and it has been used for 8 years. Its safety has been verified by 36 countries, and it will not cause harm to the human body and the environment. According to reports, wireless charging generally transmits energy through electromagnetic fields, and most of the objects around humans and humans are non-magnetic, so there is no hidden danger of radiation.

At present, wireless charging technology mainly includes two methods of electromagnetic induction and magnetic resonance, combined with related AC induction technology. Magnetic resonance has been widely used in signal transmission, but its application in power transmission is rarely reported. The application of magnetic resonance charging at frequencies in the MHz range can exacerbate electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues, challenging the power electronic converters used in such chargers, increasing electronic circuit losses, and thus reducing system efficiency. The electromagnetic induction method is to use coils at the sending end and receiving end to send and receive AC signals for charging. The user only needs to place the device to be charged on a "tablet" to realize charging, but there are strict requirements on the position of the coil.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power-adjustable wireless charging device applicable to implantable cardiac pacemakers.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A power-adjustable wireless charging device applied to implantable cardiac pacemakers, including a transmitter and a receiver, wherein:

The transmitting end includes a power adjustment unit, a transmitting coil, a transformer, a control circuit, a driving circuit and a first frequency conversion circuit, and the output terminals of the transformer are respectively connected to the control circuit, the first frequency conversion circuit and the input terminals of the driving circuit, and the output terminals of the control circuit and the driving circuit Both are connected to the input end of the first frequency conversion circuit, and the output end of the first frequency conversion circuit is connected to the transmitting coil; the power adjustment unit is surrounded by no less than 2 metal sheets, and each end of each metal sheet is connected to the adjacent metal sheet The adjacent ends of the metal sheet are closely overlapped, and the overlapping area of the metal sheet ends can be adjusted, and the transmitting coil is placed in the power adjustment unit;

The receiving end includes a receiving coil, a second frequency conversion circuit, a rectification and filtering circuit, and a power monitoring circuit. The receiving coil, the second frequency conversion circuit, and a rectification and filtering circuit are connected in sequence. The output of the rectification and filtering circuit is connected to the battery system, and the power monitoring circuit is also connected to the battery system. , the power monitoring circuit exchanges information with the program-controlled instrument through the wireless communication module.

The above-mentioned transmitting coil is a three-dimensional frustum-shaped spiral transmitting coil, and the power adjustment unit is a bowl-shaped structure, and the transmitting coil is placed on the bottom surface of the power adjustment unit.

Preferably, the power adjustment unit is surrounded by no less than three metal sheets.

Preferably, the inner surface of the metal sheet is coated with a paramagnetic material coating.

Preferably, a magnetic core is inserted into the transmitting coil, the magnetic core is in the shape of a truncated cone, and a spiral groove matching the transmitting coil is provided on its surface.

Preferably, the receiving end further includes a feedback circuit and a controller, wherein the input end of the feedback circuit is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering circuit, and its output end is connected to the second frequency conversion circuit; the controller includes a second frequency conversion circuit controller, a rectification and filtering circuit control The controller and the feedback circuit controller are respectively connected with the second frequency conversion circuit, the rectification filter circuit and the feedback circuit.

A specific implementation of the above receiving end is: the receiving end and the battery system are integrated into a receiving end patch component, wherein the receiving coil is set as a planar circular spiral coil.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. Through the power adjustment unit, the transmission power of the transmission coil can be adjusted.

2. Monitor the battery power of the cardiac pacemaker in real time through the power monitoring circuit. When the battery power is almost exhausted, use the present invention to charge the pacemaker battery; during the charging process, when the battery power is fully charged, then Stop charging.

3. It can be used for cardiac pacemakers. It can charge the cardiac pacemakers implanted in the human body without surgery, avoiding the risks of surgical failure and chest infection caused by surgery, and reducing the number of implanted cardiac pacemakers. The suffering of patients greatly improves the quality of life of patients, and at the same time, it can also save medical expenses for patients.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the specific structural representation of transmitting coil unit of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit block diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, figure (a) is the equivalent circuit block diagram of transmitting end, and figure (b) is the equivalent circuit block diagram of receiving end;

Fig. 3 is a specific schematic diagram of the connection between the receiving end and the cardiac pacemaker of the present invention, wherein Fig. (a) is a top view and Fig. (b) is a side view.

In the figure, 110-transmitting coil; 120-metal sheet; 130-end of metal sheet; 140-inner surface of metal sheet; 310-receiving coil;

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The specific embodiments in the accompanying drawings only represent a specific structure of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this specific structure.

The wireless charging device of the present invention is a charging device based on electromagnetic induction, and includes a transmitting end and a receiving end. The transmitting end includes a transmitting coil unit. The specific structure thereof is shown in FIG. And a bowl-shaped power adjustment unit, the transmitting coil (110) is located in the power adjustment unit and placed on the bottom surface of the power adjustment unit, the power adjustment unit is used to adjust the transmission power of the electromagnetic energy of the transmitting coil, which can solve the problem of electromagnetic energy due to excessive divergence of electromagnetic energy power. The resulting wireless transmission energy efficiency is too low or even fails.

The power adjustment unit is surrounded by no less than 2 metal sheets. The number of metal sheets can be selected according to the actual situation. The metal sheets are preferably silicon steel sheets. In this specific implementation, the power adjustment unit is surrounded by three metal sheets (120), and each end (130) of each metal sheet closely overlaps with the adjacent end of the adjacent metal sheet, and the overlapping portion of the metal sheet ends (130) The size of the area can be adjusted, so that the adjustment of the transmitting power of the transmitting coil can be realized. When the overlapping area of the metal sheet ends is large, the electromagnetic energy of the transmitting coil is relatively concentrated, which can increase the transmission power; on the contrary, when the overlapping area of the metal sheet ends is small, the electromagnetic energy of the transmitting coil is dispersed, which can reduce the transmitting power.

As preferably, the inner surface (140) of the metal sheet can be coated with a paramagnetic material coating or/and a magnetic core can be added in the transmitting coil (110), and the magnetic core can be a soft magnetic core to achieve the purpose of enhancing the magnetic field and make the transmitting The coil and receiving coil transfer energy through electromagnetic induction, enabling efficient energy transfer. When a magnetic core is added in the transmitting coil (110), at this time, the magnetic flux generated by the transmitting coil is generated by the joint action of the transmitting coil and the magnetic core. In order to ensure the uniformity of the generated magnetic field, the shape of the magnetic core should be the same as that of the transmitting coil. For example, a magnetic core in the shape of a truncated cone with a spiral groove matching the transmitting coil can be used.

Fig. 2 (a) is the equivalent circuit diagram of the transmitting end of the present invention, and the transformer input end is connected to the power supply, and its output end is respectively connected to the input end of the control circuit, the first frequency conversion circuit and the drive circuit, and the output ends of the control circuit and the drive circuit are all connected to the first The input end of the first frequency conversion circuit and the output end of the first frequency conversion circuit are connected to the transmitting coil. The transformer is used to control the voltage input to the transmitting coil. In this specific implementation, the voltage input to the transmitting coil is about 12-15V. The control circuit, the drive circuit and the first frequency conversion circuit are implemented based on power electronic devices. The control circuit and the drive circuit need suitable working voltages, but the suitable working voltages of the control circuit and the driving circuit are not necessarily the same. The control circuit and the drive circuit are mainly used to control the switching frequency of the power electronic device, generate the voltage and current of the required frequency, and output it to the transmitting coil through the first frequency conversion circuit, and the transmitting coil generates an alternating magnetic field. The first frequency conversion circuit is used to adjust the frequency of the electromagnetic field, and the control circuit, the drive circuit and the first frequency conversion circuit can be realized by a converter based on MOSFET.

The principle of energy transmission based on electromagnetic induction is essentially that electric energy and magnetic energy propagate to space in the form of electromagnetic waves with the periodic changes of electric and magnetic fields. To generate electromagnetic waves, there must first be electromagnetic oscillations, and the higher the frequency of electromagnetic waves, the greater the energy they radiate into space. Usually, the electromagnetic oscillation frequency is required to be at least higher than 100kHz, so that there will be enough electromagnetic radiation to ensure the transmission efficiency. Therefore, a frequency conversion circuit is used at the transmitting end to adjust the electromagnetic emission frequency.

The receiving end induces the current through the alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil, thereby receiving the energy delivered by the transmitting coil and transmitting the energy to the load or battery system. Fig. 2 (b) is the equivalent circuit diagram of the receiving end of the present invention, the receiving end includes a receiving coil, the receiving coil, the second frequency conversion circuit, and the rectifying and filtering circuit are connected in sequence, the output of the rectifying and filtering circuit is connected to the battery system, and the power monitoring circuit is also connected to the battery system The connection is used to monitor the battery system, and the power monitoring circuit exchanges information with the program controller through the wireless communication module.

The second frequency conversion circuit and the rectification and filtering circuit perform frequency conversion, rectification and filtering on the current output by the receiving line to obtain the voltage and current required by the target load or the battery system. The power monitoring circuit is used to monitor the battery system power and charging process, and transmits the battery system power and charging status information to the external program controller through its built-in radio frequency communication module; the operator uses the battery power status obtained by the power monitoring circuit to charge The device charges or stops charging the pacemaker.

In addition, in order to improve the power transmission efficiency between the transmitting end and the receiving end, a feedback circuit and a controller can also be introduced in the receiving end, the input end of the feedback circuit is connected to the output end of the rectification and filtering circuit, and its output end is connected to the output end of the second frequency conversion circuit , the feedback circuit dynamically adjusts the voltage and current through negative feedback to ensure that the voltage and current fluctuate within the allowable range. The controller includes a second frequency conversion circuit controller, a rectification filter circuit controller and a feedback circuit controller, which are respectively connected with the second frequency conversion circuit, rectification filter circuit and feedback circuit, and used to adjust the parameters of the circuits connected to it. Before the cardiac pacemaker is implanted into the human body, the controller is adjusted to obtain the appropriate parameters of the circuits connected to it. After the cardiac pacemaker is implanted into the human body, the controller is no longer needed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the specific connection between the receiving end and the cardiac pacemaker, (a) is a top view, and (b) is a side view. In this specific implementation, the receiving end and the pacemaker battery are integrated into a receiving end patch component (320), and the receiving coil (310) is a planar circular spiral coil. The electric energy is transmitted from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil through electromagnetic induction, and the receiving coil obtains electric energy through an alternating magnetic field, and the received electric energy is converted into an appropriate voltage and current through the electric energy conversion link to charge the battery.

When charging is required, the patch component (320) at the receiving end can be positioned using medical CT technology to ensure that the transmitting coil (110) is facing the receiving coil (310).

The present invention has been described in detail, and the design device structure of the embodiment is given. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker, it is characterized in that:

Comprise transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, wherein:

Transmitting terminal comprises power adjustment unit, transmitting coil, transformer, control circuit, drive circuit and the first frequency changer circuit, the input of transformer output difference connection control circuit, the first frequency changer circuit and drive circuit, control circuit is all connected the input of the first frequency changer circuit with the output of drive circuit, and the output of the first frequency changer circuit connects transmitting coil; Power adjustment unit is surrounded by the sheet metal being no less than 2, and each termination of every sheet sheet metal is all closely overlapping with the adjacent termination of adjacent metal sheet, and sheet metal termination lap size adjustable;

Described transmitting coil is three-dimensional round table-like spiral transmitting coil, and described power adjustment unit is bowl structure, and transmitting coil is placed in power adjustment unit bottom surface;

Receiving terminal comprises receiving coil, the second frequency changer circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and power supply supervisory circuit, receiving coil, the second frequency changer circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit are connected successively, rectification filter circuit output end connects battery system, power supply supervisory circuit is also connected with battery system, and power supply supervisory circuit is by wireless communication module and program control instrument interactive information.

2. be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Described power adjustment unit is surrounded by the sheet metal being no less than 3.

3. be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Described sheet metal inner surface is coated with paramagnetic material coating.

4. be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Magnetic core is inserted with in described transmitting coil.

5. be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that:

Described magnetic core is round table-like, and its surface is provided with the scroll groove coincide with transmitting coil.

6. be applied to the power adjustable formula wireless charging device of Implanted cardiac pacemaker as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Described receiving terminal and battery system are integrated in a receiving terminal SMD components, and wherein, receiving coil is set to planar rondure spiral coil.