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CN103682292B - The lithium titanate material preparation method of high-tap density - Google Patents

The lithium titanate material preparation method of high-tap density Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103682292B
CN103682292B CN201210334372.9A CN201210334372A CN103682292B CN 103682292 B CN103682292 B CN 103682292B CN 201210334372 A CN201210334372 A CN 201210334372A CN 103682292 B CN103682292 B CN 103682292B
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lithium
preparation
lithium titanate
tap density
flux
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CN103682292A (en
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王兴勤
高云
李雅楠
孙小嫚
刘建红
吴宁宁
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RiseSun MGL New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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CITIC Guoan Mengguli Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/003Titanates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of lithium titanate material preparation method of high-tap density.The present invention mainly solves the problem that in current existing technology production, lithium titanate material density is little.Concrete grammar is: by lithium source, titanium source, flux and dispersant ball mill mixing by a certain percentage, low temperature presintering after dry, and after cooling, high-temperature calcination generates lithium titanate.Feature of the present invention is to add flux in batch mixing process, and in high-temperature sintering process, can make the tightr of particle contacts, reduce the interfacial tension between particle, crystal growth is grown more intact, and then improves material bodies density.The method technological process is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and the lithium titanate particle of preparation is large, tap density large, and chemical property is good.

Description

The lithium titanate material preparation method of high-tap density
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation field of energy and material, particularly a kind of preparation method of lithium ionic cell cathode material lithium titanate.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery because energy density is high, have extended cycle life, the advantage such as memory-less effect, be the focus of field of batteries research and development always, be applied in fields such as portable electronics, electric automobile, energy storage and have good application prospect.At present, commercial lithium ion battery negative material generally adopts carbon negative pole material, but carbon negative pole material due to its oxidation-reduction potential and lithium electrode potential closely, during over-charging of battery, lithium ion is separated out on Carbon anode surface and is easily formed Li dendrite, may cause battery short circuit and cause safety problem, and material with carbon element can form SEI film with nonaqueous electrolytic solution that irreversible capacity is increased.And lithium titanate with spinel structure is because it is at Lithium-ion embeding with deviate from skeleton structure in process and change hardly, be a kind of " zero strain " material, and intercalation potential is higher, can not cause Li dendrite, improves the security performance of battery.Its advantage such as high security and long-life is the focus of research as Novel anode material always.
But lithium titanate also has weak point, the lithium titanate material obtained in existing research is little due to bulk density, causes battery energy density low, limits the application of lithium titanate, and therefore improving material tap density is one of lithium titanate main direction of studying.
Patent CN201010177934.4 discloses a kind of preparation method of spherical lithium titanate, and the method can improve the tap density of material, but the method has particular/special requirement to equipment, and technical process is numerous and diverse, and production cost is obviously increased.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of lithium titanate material preparation method of high-tap density, the method raw material is cheap and easy to get, and make process operation simple owing to adding flux, the material property of synthesis is good.Concrete scheme is as follows:
A lithium titanate material preparation method for high-tap density, its step is as follows:
1) lithium source, titanium source, flux and dispersant are mixed, ball mill mixing 1 ~ 8h;
2) said mixture is placed in vacuum drying oven and passes into the gas that oxygen content is 0.01% ~ 21.6%, at 0 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C after drying, pre-burning 2 ~ 10h under 300 ~ 800 DEG C of oxygen content are the atmosphere of 0.01% ~ 50%;
3), after the cooling of pre-burning product, under 600 ~ 900 DEG C of oxygen content are the atmosphere of 0.01% ~ 99%, calcine 4 ~ 20h, obtain product Li 4ti 5o 12.
Wherein, Li/Ti=0.76 ~ 0.86 in step 1); Dispersant and solid content (gross mass of lithium source, titanium source and flux) mass ratio is 0.5 ~ 1.5:1; Flux content is 0.1 ~ 5wt% of titanium dioxide quality.
Wherein lithium source of the present invention is the one in lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide or lithium nitrate; Titanium source is anatase titanium dioxide or rutile titanium dioxide; Flux is one or more mixtures in sodium tetraborate, Firebrake ZB, boric acid, lithium tetraborate, lithium hydroxide, lithium acetate, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate, lithium fluoride or vanadic oxide; Dispersant is one or more mixtures in water, ethanol, methyl alcohol or acetone.
Main feature of the present invention is:
The present invention adds flux in the feed, is sintered into lithium titanate material again after batch mixing drying, and this process is simple, is easy to operation, cost is effectively controlled.
The present invention is by adding flux, two kinds of raw materials are at high temperature made to contact better, reduce the growth temperature of crystal, shorten crystal growth time, improve tap density, sinter for a long time compared to conventional method high temperature, reduce energy consumption, decrease the loss of equipment, be easier to industrial production application.
The lithium titanate particle that the present invention prepares gained is large, and tap density is greater than 1.2g/cm 3, 0.1C charge specific capacity is greater than 160mAh/g.
On the basis of the lithium titanate prepared in the method, can also ion doping be carried out or carbon coated, can further improve the conductivity of material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the lithium titanate prepared by the embodiment of the present invention three;
Fig. 2 is the first charge-discharge curve chart of the lithium titanate prepared by the embodiment of the present invention three.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, a kind of preparation method improving lithium titanate tap density of the present invention is described in more detail.But the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment one
Select lithium carbonate, anatase titanium dioxide to be raw material, lithium fluoride is flux, by Li/Ti(mol%) ratio is 0.80:1, lithium fluoride content is TiO 2the 1wt% of quality prepares burden, and take ethanol as dispersant, ethanol: solid powder (wt%)=0.7:1, and on ball mill, ball milling is after 6 hours, dry presoma pass into the gas 40 DEG C containing oxygen 21.6% in baking oven at.By presoma, under the atmosphere of oxygen content 10%, elder generation is at 500 DEG C, and high-temperature process 2 hours, is warmed up to 800 DEG C after cooling, under the atmosphere of oxygen content 21.6%, be incubated 8 hours, obtains Li after being finally down to room temperature 4ti 5o 12sample.Resulting materials granular size is homogeneous, tap density 1.20g/cm 3, and do not add flux and the lithium titanate tap density (0.78g/cm prepared under other identical conditions 3) compare, density significantly improves.With metal lithium sheet for prepare button cell to electrode, material 0.1C charge specific capacity is 165mAh/g.
Embodiment two
Select lithium nitrate, rutile titanium dioxide to be raw material, boric acid is flux, by Li/Ti(mol%) ratio is 0.82:1, boric acid content is TiO 2the 0.5wt% of quality prepares burden, and take ethanol as dispersant, ethanol: solid powder (wt%)=0.8:1 ball milling after 6 hours on ball mill, dry presoma pass into the gas 60 DEG C containing oxygen 0.1% in baking oven at.Presoma is first at 500 DEG C under the atmosphere of oxygen content 0.01%, and high-temperature process 2 hours, is warmed up to 800 DEG C and is incubated 8 hours under the atmosphere of oxygen content 99% after cooling, obtain Li after being finally down to room temperature 4ti 5o 12sample.Resulting materials particle is round and smooth, size is homogeneous, and tap density is 1.36g/cm 3, and do not add flux and the lithium titanate tap density (0.80g/cm prepared under other identical conditions 3) compare, density significantly improves.With metal lithium sheet for prepare button cell to electrode, the 0.1C charge specific capacity of material is 161mAh/g.
Embodiment three
Select lithium hydroxide, anatase titanium dioxide to be raw material, lithium tetraborate is flux, by Li/Ti(mol%) than being 0.84: lithium tetraborate content is TiO 2the 0.5wt% of quality prepares burden, and take methyl alcohol as dispersant, methyl alcohol: solid powder (wt%)=1:1 ball milling after 6 hours on ball mill, dry presoma pass into the gas 50 DEG C containing oxygen 21.6% in baking oven at.Presoma is first at 500 DEG C of temperature under the atmosphere of oxygen content 21.6%, and high-temperature process 2 hours, is warmed up to 800 DEG C and is incubated 8 hours under the atmosphere of oxygen content 0.1% after cooling, obtain Li after being finally down to room temperature 4ti 5o 12sample.Resulting materials particle is round and smooth, size is homogeneous, and tap density is 1.48g/cm 3, and do not add flux and the lithium titanate tap density (0.82g/cm prepared under other identical conditions 3) compare, density significantly improves.With metal lithium sheet for prepare button cell to electrode, the 0.1C charge specific capacity of material is 160mAh/g.
Embodiment four
Select lithium hydroxide, anatase titanium dioxide to be raw material, vanadic oxide is flux, is (mol%) 0.84: pentoxide content is TiO by Li/Ti ratio 2the 1wt% of quality prepares burden, and take acetone as dispersant, acetone: solid powder (wt%)=0.8:1 ball milling after 6 hours on ball mill, dry presoma pass into the gas 50 DEG C containing oxygen 10% in baking oven at.Presoma is first at 500 DEG C of temperature under the atmosphere of oxygen content 21.6%, and high-temperature process 2 hours, is warmed up to 750 DEG C and is incubated 8 hours under the atmosphere of oxygen content 99% after cooling, obtain Li after being finally down to room temperature 4ti 5o 12sample.Resulting materials particle is round and smooth, size is homogeneous, and tap density is 1.25g/cm 3, and do not add flux and the lithium titanate tap density (0.84g/cm prepared under other identical conditions 3) compare, density significantly improves.With metal lithium sheet for prepare button cell to electrode, the 0.1C charge specific capacity of material is 163mAh/g.

Claims (9)

1. a preparation method for the lithium titanate material of high-tap density, is characterized in that following steps:
1) lithium source, titanium source, flux and dispersant are mixed, ball mill mixing 1 ~ 8h;
2) said mixture is placed in vacuum drying oven and passes into the gas that oxygen content is 0.01% ~ 21.6%, at 0 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C after drying, pre-burning 2 ~ 10h under 300 ~ 800 DEG C of oxygen content are the atmosphere of 0.01% ~ 50%;
3), after the cooling of pre-burning product, under 600 ~ 900 DEG C of oxygen content are the atmosphere of 0.01% ~ 99%, calcine 4 ~ 20h, obtain product Li 4ti 5o 12; The tap density of this lithium titanate material is greater than 1.2g/cm 3.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lithium source is lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide or lithium nitrate.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described titanium source is the titanium dioxide of anatase titanium dioxide or rutile-type.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1) in raw material in lithium titanium mol ratio be Li/Ti=0.76 ~ 0.86.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described flux is one or more mixtures in sodium tetraborate, Firebrake ZB, boric acid, lithium tetraborate, lithium hydroxide, lithium acetate, lithium fluoride or vanadic oxide.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: the content of described flux is 0.05 ~ 10wt% of titanium dioxide quality.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dispersant and solid content mass ratio are 0.5 ~ 1.5:1.
8. the preparation method according to claim 1 or 7, is characterized in that: dispersant is one or more mixing in water, ethanol, methyl alcohol or acetone.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise step 4):
4) by step 3) in gained lithium titanate carry out coated modified carbon process or ion doping process further, obtain the Li of modification 4ti 5o 12.
CN201210334372.9A 2012-09-11 2012-09-11 The lithium titanate material preparation method of high-tap density Active CN103682292B (en)

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CN104979554B (en) * 2014-04-02 2019-07-16 郭建 A kind of preparation method of nickel cobalt lithium aluminate and its presoma
CN104979552B (en) * 2014-04-02 2019-07-16 张联齐 A kind of preparation method of bulky grain nickel cobalt lithium aluminate
CN107324379A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-07 江苏特丰新材料科技有限公司 A kind of high power capacity lithium titanate material preparation method
CN109704395A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 北方奥钛纳米技术有限公司 Preparation method, lithium titanate material and the battery of lithium titanate material
CN109904446B (en) * 2019-02-26 2022-05-17 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Regenerated positive electrode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery containing regenerated positive electrode material
CN114725358B (en) * 2022-05-07 2024-10-11 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Lithium titanate graphene electrode and preparation method thereof
CN115744972B (en) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-16 河北格力钛新能源有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction lithium titanate material and high-compaction lithium titanate material

Citations (3)

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CN101659442A (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 Spinel structure lithium titanate and preparation method and application thereof
CN102315436A (en) * 2011-08-10 2012-01-11 东莞市迈科科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of spinel lithium titanate
CN102496705A (en) * 2011-12-09 2012-06-13 东莞市迈科科技有限公司 Preparation method of spinel lithium titanate

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101659442A (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 Spinel structure lithium titanate and preparation method and application thereof
CN102315436A (en) * 2011-08-10 2012-01-11 东莞市迈科科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of spinel lithium titanate
CN102496705A (en) * 2011-12-09 2012-06-13 东莞市迈科科技有限公司 Preparation method of spinel lithium titanate

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