CN103674804A - Device and method for measuring effective porosity of low-permeability rock on basis of inert gas experiment - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring effective porosity of low-permeability rock on basis of inert gas experiment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于惰性气体实验的低渗岩石有效孔隙度测量装置及方法，该装置包括通过连通管路相连通的压力室（1）、气压加载系统（2）、围压加载系统（3）、待测低渗岩石（4）、高精度压力计（5）；所述待测低渗岩石（4）放置在压力室（1）内；所述气压加载系统（2）向待测低渗岩石（4）的上下表面加载气压；所述高精度压力计（5）用于测量连通管路内的气压；所述围压加载系统（3）向待测低渗岩石（4）的四周加载围压。本发明的方法是通过气压加载后高精度压力计测量的惰性气体压力变化，推求不同围压下岩样的有效孔隙度。本发明具有装置操作简单、试验测量的围压范围广、测试精度高、试验周期短、最终成果转化容易的优点。
The invention discloses a low-permeability rock effective porosity measurement device and method based on an inert gas experiment. The device includes a pressure chamber (1), an air pressure loading system (2), and a confining pressure loading system ( 3), the low-permeability rock to be tested (4), and a high-precision pressure gauge (5); the low-permeability rock to be tested (4) is placed in the pressure chamber (1); the air pressure loading system (2) The upper and lower surfaces of the low-permeability rock (4) are loaded with air pressure; the high-precision pressure gauge (5) is used to measure the air pressure in the connecting pipeline; the confining pressure loading system (3) is applied to the low-permeability rock (4) Confining pressure is applied all around. The method of the invention calculates the effective porosity of the rock samples under different confining pressures through the pressure change of the inert gas measured by the high-precision manometer after the air pressure is loaded. The invention has the advantages of simple device operation, wide confining pressure range of test measurement, high test precision, short test cycle and easy conversion of final results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism and method based on inert gas experiment.
Background technology
Hypotonic rock is to carry out that underground petroleum and natural gas storing, CO2 store, shale gas stores, main medium and the geologic media of nuclear waste disposal, is also common a kind of complex dielectrics in the engineering constructions such as water conservancy and hydropower, mine and tunnel.The size of hypotonic rock net porosity has directly determined structure and the permeance property of rock, thereby most important to study of rocks structure and permeance property to its Measurement accuracy.
At present, the measuring method of net porosity has three kinds conventionally: laboratory method, various downhole testing technology are basic indirect method, as gas porosity instrument, and nuclear magnetic resonance well technology etc., also can utilize image processing techniques, in conjunction with electron-microscope scanning picture, obtain the face factor of porosity of rock sample section.These methods have range of application and relative merits separately, and these methods are mainly to carry out for the higher rock of perviousness.The hypotonic rock low to permeability, also lacks more accurate and simple proving installation and method.
The method of testing of rock material net porosity mainly contains liquid measure method and gasometry.Hold-up mensuration is based on Archimedes principle, and gasometry is based on Boyle, Robert theorem.Adopt liquid to measure, its equipment is simple, cost is low, but the problem existing is: hypotonic core sample is difficult to saturated feed liquor body, as adopted high pressure saturation method, to sample, can cause certain injury, is unfavorable for scientific analysis.Adopt gas to measure, its error ratio is larger, and the factor of porosity of especially special low permeability cores itself is just little, even 1 ‰ measuring error, to the sample of comparison rule, also can cause the deviation of test result more than 10%, irregular, defective sample deviation is just larger.。
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism and method based on inert gas experiment, overcomes problems such as in the past measuring factor of porosity error is large, unstable result.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
A hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment, comprises hypotonic rock to be measured and the air pressure loading system, high-grade pressure gauge, pressure chamber, the confined pressure loading system that by connecting pipeline, are communicated with successively mutually; Wherein, described connecting pipeline comprises connecting line, the first to the 5th valve and the cavity being communicated with external atmosphere pressure; Described hypotonic rock to be measured is placed in pressure chamber; Described air pressure loading system loads air pressure to the upper and lower surface of hypotonic rock to be measured; Described high-grade pressure gauge is for measuring the air pressure in connecting pipeline; Described confined pressure loading system loads confined pressure to the surrounding of hypotonic rock to be measured; Described the first valve is arranged on the connecting line between air pressure loading system and cavity; Described the second valve is arranged on cavity, for controlling the break-make of cavity and external atmosphere pressure; Described the 3rd valve is arranged on the connecting line between cavity and high-grade pressure gauge; Described the 4th, the 5th valve is separately positioned on the connecting line that is communicated with top and the bottom, pressure chamber.
Described air pressure loading system comprises inert gas source of the gas, Pneumatic controller; Described Pneumatic controller is used for controlling output pressure; The inert gas that described inert gas source of the gas provides is argon gas.
The method that hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment is measured, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: choose Natural Low-permeable rock sample, rock sample is processed into cylindrical shape, measure its diameter and height, by calculating the volume of rock sample
v;
Step 2: after rock sample is installed with high-performance rubber cover, put into pressure chamber, and adjust rock sample position and make it balance;
Step 3: open confined pressure control device and apply confined pressure to rock sample and close to predetermined value, make confined pressure continually and steadily in predetermined value;
Step 4: close the first valve, open the second to the 5th valve all pipelines are communicated with ambient atmosphere, place a period of time and treat that the gas discharging of instrument internal is clean, and be 0 by high-grade pressure gauge correction;
Step 5: close the second, the 4th, the 5th valve, open the first, the 3rd valve, open air pressure loading system and apply air pressure to pipeline;
Step 6: close the first, the 3rd valve, after high-grade pressure gauge stable reading, record reading
p 1;
Step 7: open the 4th, the 5th valve, gas is spread in pipeline in rock mass, after high-grade pressure gauge stable reading, record reading
p 2;
Step 8: repeating step 4～step 7, carry out the gas experiment under different confined pressure conditions, record experimental data;
Step 9: the net porosity by following formula computing rock sample under different confined pressures:
In formula,
v v=(
p 1/
p 2) *
v 1-(
v 1+
v 2+
v 3);
In formula,
φfor net porosity, be expressed as a percentage;
v vfor rock sample volume of voids, wherein also comprise crack's volume;
vfor rock sample volume;
v 1volume for pipeline between known the 3rd valve and the 4th, the 5th valve;
v 2it is the volume of pipeline between the 5th valve and rock sample to be measured;
v 3it is the volume of pipeline between the 4th valve and rock sample to be measured;
p 1,
p 2high-grade pressure gauge reading for experimental record.
Wherein, described in step 9
v 2+
v 3by correction, tested and obtained, the step of wherein proofreading and correct experiment is as follows:
Steps A: choose a complete air-locked test button, outside packages rubber sleeve, puts into pressure chamber;
Step B: test according to step 3～step 7, record the reading of high-grade pressure gauge
p 1,
p 2;
Step C: by Boyle law:
p 1*
v 1=
p 2* (
v 1+
v 2+
v 3) obtain
v 2+
v 3value, complete and proofread and correct experiment.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, and described proving installation is simple to operate, and the confined pressure scope of measurement is wide, and the measuring accuracy of net porosity is high, and experimental period is short.Also simple by the computing method of the net porosity of this measurement device, accurately, overcome the shortcomings such as to measure confined pressure scope little in the past, and experimental period is long, and measuring accuracy is poor, and measurement result is unreliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the net porosity variation diagram under the different confined pressures of granite gneiss.
Fig. 3 is the net porosity variation diagram under the different confined pressures of lamprophyre.
Wherein: 1-pressure chamber; 2-air pressure loading system; 3-confined pressure loading system; 4-hypotonic rock to be measured; 5-high-grade pressure gauge; 6～10-first～five valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment, comprises hypotonic rock 4 to be measured and the air pressure loading system 2, high-grade pressure gauge 5, pressure chamber 1, the confined pressure loading system 3 that by connecting pipeline, are communicated with successively mutually; Wherein, described connecting pipeline comprises connecting line, the first to the 5th valve and the cavity being communicated with external atmosphere pressure; Described hypotonic rock 4 to be measured is placed in pressure chamber 1; Described air pressure loading system 2 loads air pressure to the upper and lower surface of hypotonic rock 4 to be measured; Described high-grade pressure gauge 5 is for measuring the air pressure in connecting pipeline; Described confined pressure loading system 3 loads confined pressure to the surrounding of hypotonic rock 4 to be measured; Described the first valve is arranged on the connecting line between air pressure loading system 2 and cavity; Described the second valve is arranged on cavity, for controlling the break-make of cavity and external atmosphere pressure; Described the 3rd valve is arranged on the connecting line between cavity and high-grade pressure gauge 5; Described the 4th, the 5th valve is separately positioned on the connection supervisor who is communicated with 1 top and the bottom, pressure chamber.
embodiment 1
1, choose Natural Low-permeable granite gneiss Proterozoic group in rock-evening, by rock sample processing column shape, measure diameter and height, and calculate rock sample volume
v;
2, after rock sample is installed with high-performance rubber cover, put into pressure chamber 1, and adjust sample position and make it balance;
3, open confined pressure control device 3 and apply confined pressure and close to predetermined value, make confined pressure continually and steadily in predetermined value;
4, close the first valve, open the second to the 5th valve all pipelines are communicated with ambient atmosphere, place a period of time and treat that the gas discharging of instrument internal is clean, and be 0 by high-grade pressure gauge 5 corrections;
5, close the second, the 4th, the 5th valve, open the first, the 3rd valve, open air pressure loading system 2 and apply air pressure to pipeline;
6, close the first, the 3rd valve, after high-grade pressure gauge 5 stable reading, record reading
p 1;
7, open the 4th, the 5th valve, gas is spread in pipeline in rock mass, after high-grade pressure gauge 5 stable reading, record reading
p 2;
8, repeating step 4～step 7, carries out the gas experiment under different confined pressure conditions, records experimental data;
9, the net porosity under different confined pressures by following formula computing rock sample:
In formula,
v v=(
p 1/
p 2) *
v 1-(
v 1+
v 2+
v 3);
φfor net porosity, be expressed as a percentage;
v vfor sample volume of voids, wherein also comprise crack's volume;
vfor rock sample volume;
v 1volume for pipeline between known the 3rd valve and the 4th, the 5th valve;
v 2it is the volume of pipeline between the 5th valve and hypotonic rock to be measured;
v 3it is the volume of pipeline between the 4th valve and hypotonic rock to be measured;
v 2+
v 3by correction, test and obtain;
p 1,
p 2high-grade pressure gauge reading for experimental record.
The physical parameter of granite gneiss is as following table:
According to physical parameter and gas experiment recorded data, according to computing method of the present invention, obtain confined pressure and be respectively granite gneiss net porosity value under 1.5MPa, 5MPa, 8MPa, 11MPa, 14MPa, 19MPa, 24MPa and 34Mpa condition, as following table:
As shown in Figure 2, the net porosity of granite gneiss reduces along with the increase of confined pressure, illustrates that the crackle of rock sample inside under confined pressure effect is by more and more densification, and factor of porosity constantly reduces.
embodiment 2
1, choose the lamprophyre of Natural Low-permeable rock-chalk generation, by rock sample processing column shape, measure diameter and height, measure and calculate rock sample volume
v;
2, after rock sample is installed with high-performance rubber cover, put into pressure chamber 1, and adjust sample position and make it balance;
3, open confined pressure control device 3 and apply confined pressure and close to predetermined value, make confined pressure continually and steadily in predetermined value;
4, close the first valve, open the second to the 5th valve all pipelines are communicated with ambient atmosphere, place a period of time and treat that the gas discharging of instrument internal is clean, and be 0 by high-grade pressure gauge 5 corrections;
5, close the second, the 4th, the 5th valve, open the first, the 3rd valve, open air pressure loading system 2 and apply air pressure to pipeline;
6, close the first, the 3rd valve, after high-grade pressure gauge 5 stable reading, record reading
p 1;
7, open the 4th, the 5th valve, gas is spread in pipeline in rock mass, after high-grade pressure gauge 5 stable reading, record reading
p 2;
8, repeating step 4～step 7, carries out the gas experiment under different confined pressure conditions, records experimental data;
9, the net porosity under different confined pressures by following formula computing rock sample:
In formula,
v v=(
p 1/
p 2) *
v 1-(
v 1+
v 2+
v 3);
φfor net porosity, be expressed as a percentage;
v vfor sample volume of voids, wherein also comprise crack's volume;
vfor rock sample volume;
v 1volume for pipeline between known the 3rd valve and the 4th, the 5th valve;
v 2it is the volume of pipeline between the 5th valve and hypotonic rock to be measured;
v 3it is the volume of pipeline between the 4th valve and hypotonic rock to be measured;
v 2+
v 3by correction, test and obtain;
p 1,
p 2high-grade pressure gauge reading for experimental record.
The physical parameter of lamprophyre is as following table:
| Rock sample title | Diameter/mm | Highly/mm | Density/g/cm 3 | Initial net porosity/% |
| Lamprophyre | 50.09 | 30.03 | 2.52 | 7.94 |
According to physical parameter and gas experiment recorded data, according to computing method of the present invention, obtain the net porosity value that confined pressure is respectively lamprophyre under 1.5MPa, 5MPa, 8MPa, 11MPa, 14MPa, 19MPa, 24MPa and 34Mpa condition, as following table:
| Confined pressure/Mpa | 1.5 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 14 | 19 | 24 | 34 |
| Net porosity/% | 6.83871 | 6.26051 | 6.00006 | 5.86517 | 5.71874 | 5.58336 | 5.18524 | 4.61496 |
As shown in Figure 3, the net porosity of lamprophyre reduces along with the increase of confined pressure, illustrates that the crackle of rock sample inside under confined pressure effect is by more and more densification, and factor of porosity constantly reduces.
The rock sample confined pressure that the present invention uses can increase to 60MPa, and the precision of the net porosity of surveying can reach 1 * 10
-4mPa, so, do not departing under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite of claims definition, can carry out the Measurement and Computation of the hypotonic rock net porosity under different confined pressures.
The above; it is only the embodiment in the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any people who is familiar with this technology is in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; can understand conversion or the replacement expected; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprise scope within, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. the hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment, is characterized in that: this device comprises hypotonic rock to be measured (4) and the air pressure loading system (2), high-grade pressure gauge (5), pressure chamber (1), the confined pressure loading system (3) that by connecting pipeline, are communicated with successively mutually; Wherein, described connecting pipeline comprises connecting line, the first to the 5th valve and the cavity being communicated with external atmosphere pressure; Described hypotonic rock to be measured (4) is placed in pressure chamber (1); Described air pressure loading system (2) loads air pressure to the upper and lower surface of hypotonic rock to be measured (4); Described high-grade pressure gauge (5) is for measuring the air pressure in connecting pipeline; Described confined pressure loading system (3) loads confined pressure to the surrounding of hypotonic rock to be measured (4); Described the first valve is arranged on the connecting line between air pressure loading system (2) and cavity; Described the second valve is arranged on cavity, for controlling the break-make of cavity and external atmosphere pressure; Described the 3rd valve is arranged on the connecting line between cavity and high-grade pressure gauge (5); Described the 4th, the 5th valve is separately positioned on the connecting line that is communicated with top and the bottom, pressure chamber (1).
2. the hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described air pressure loading system comprises inert gas source of the gas, Pneumatic controller; Described Pneumatic controller is used for controlling output pressure.
3. the hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the inert gas that described inert gas source of the gas provides is argon gas.
4. a method that adopts the hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment as claimed in claim 1 to measure, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: choose Natural Low-permeable rock sample, rock sample is processed into cylindrical shape, measure its diameter and height, by calculating the volume of rock sample
v;
Step 2: after rock sample is installed with high-performance rubber cover, put into pressure chamber (1), and adjust rock sample position and make it balance;
Step 3: open confined pressure control device (3) and apply confined pressure to rock sample and close to predetermined value, make confined pressure continually and steadily in predetermined value;
Step 4: close the first valve, open the second to the 5th valve all pipelines are communicated with ambient atmosphere, place a period of time and treat that the gas discharging of instrument internal is clean, and be 0 by high-grade pressure gauge (5) correction;
Step 5: close the second, the 4th, the 5th valve, open the first, the 3rd valve, open air pressure loading system (2) and apply air pressure to pipeline;
Step 6: close the first, the 3rd valve, after high-grade pressure gauge (5) stable reading, record reading
p 1;
Step 7: open the 4th, the 5th valve, gas is spread in pipeline in rock mass, after high-grade pressure gauge (5) stable reading, record reading
p 2;
Step 8: repeating step 4～step 7, carry out the gas experiment under different confined pressure conditions, record experimental data;
Step 9: the net porosity by following formula computing rock sample under different confined pressures:
In formula,
v v=(
p 1/
p 2) *
v 1-(
v 1+
v 2+
v 3);
In formula,
φfor net porosity, be expressed as a percentage;
v vfor rock sample volume of voids, wherein also comprise crack's volume;
vfor rock sample volume;
v 1volume for pipeline between known the 3rd valve and the 4th, the 5th valve;
v 2it is the volume of pipeline between the 5th valve and rock sample to be measured;
v 3it is the volume of pipeline between the 4th valve and rock sample to be measured;
p 1,
p 2high-grade pressure gauge reading for experimental record.
5. a kind of method that adopts the hypotonic rock net porosity measurement mechanism based on inert gas experiment to measure according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described in step 9
v 2+
v 3by correction, tested and obtained, the step of wherein proofreading and correct experiment is as follows:
Steps A: choose a complete air-locked test button, outside packages rubber sleeve, puts into pressure chamber (1);
Step B: test according to step 3～step 7, record the reading of high-grade pressure gauge (5)
p 1,
p 2;
Step C: by Boyle law:
p 1*
v 1=
p 2* (
v 1+
v 2+
v 3) obtain
v 2+
v 3value, complete and proofread and correct experiment.
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| CN104237099A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-24 | 中国石油大学 | Device and method for determining radial permeability of compact rock core |
| CN104266951A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-07 | 河南理工大学 | System and method for accurately measuring dynamic change of porosity of loaded coal rock |
| CN104697915A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Shale micropore size and fluid distribution analysis method |
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| CN104697915A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Shale micropore size and fluid distribution analysis method |
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| CN110031376B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-09-11 | 中南大学 | Rock gas permeability testing method under multistage rheological loading |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |