CN103664090B - High ductility cement-base composite material that a kind of fiber is mixed again and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High ductility cement-base composite material that a kind of fiber is mixed again and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of high ductility cement-base composite material, it is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: the base material of 71.8 ~ 85 parts, the water of 12.9 ~ 25.2 parts, the fiber of 0.89 ~ 2.67 part and the admixture of 0.11 ~ 1.23 part; Described fiber is made up of two or more in polypropylene fibre, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre or glass fibre, and the ratio that wherein each fiber accounts for total weight of fiber is respectively: 15% ~ 89.5%, 0% ~ 68.4%, 0% ~ 75.6%, 0% ~ 73.5%, 0% ~ 56.4%.High ductility cement-base composite material ultimate compression strength of the present invention is high, preparation cost is low, and ultimate compression strength can reach more than 50.5MPa, and preparation cost is reduced to 15% ~ 50% of prior art simultaneously.The present invention also provides the preparation method of described high ductility cement-base composite material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, be specifically related to a kind of cement-base composite material, relate more specifically to a kind of fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
High ductility cement-base composite material is a kind of fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, under stretching, bending, shear load, present high ductility, limit elongation is up to 3%, the hundreds of times of normal concrete and fibrous concrete, the traditional concept that its invention and application change " cement-based material is quasi-brittle material ".Compare with fibrous concrete with normal concrete, high ductility cement-base composite material has larger advantage in antiseismic load, shock resistance load, anti-shearing load, antifatigue load and weather resistance etc., and it is by for solving because concrete tensile property is poor, the low structural bearing capacity brought of toughness is low and the safety and reliability of the problem such as poor durability and raising concrete buildings or structures provides technical support and material guarantee.
High ductility cement-base composite material presents strain hardening (stain-hardening) and multiple crack growth (multiple-cracking) under uniaxial extension load.In addition, high ductility cement-base composite material fracture width is little, average crack width less than 100 μm, and can not increase with strain and increase.High ductility cement-base composite material control of crack width is the self-characteristic of material, and whether with arrangement of reinforcement and ratio of reinforcement size have nothing to do; And the fracture width of normal concrete is uncontrollable, even if when arrangement of reinforcement, fracture width is also up to hundreds of micron even several millimeters.Due to the contribution of fiber, the Crack Control of fibrous concrete obtains raising to a certain degree, but fracture width generally also reaches hundreds of micron.
At present, high ductility cement-base composite material mainly uses high strength and high flexibility modulus fibre, and as polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fiber peacekeeping aromatic polyamide fibre, the tensile strength of this fibrid is high, and be 1000 ~ 3500MPa, Young's modulus is high, is 30 ~ 150GPa.Univ Michigan-Ann Arbor USA Victor Li teaches team [1LI VC.On engineered cementitious composites (ECC) [J], Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology2003, 1 (3): 215-230] and Tsing-Hua University Mr. Zhang teach team [2 Mr. Zhang, occupy the virtuous spring, plateau, " high ductility low-shrinkage fibre refinforced cement base meets material behavior and application ", concrete and stdn, the third phase in 2011, 11-20 page] main use Japanese Kuraray product polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 28 days tensile strength of the high ductility cement-base composite material obtained are generally 4MPa ~ 6MPa, limit elongation is generally 1.5% ~ 4%, ultimate compression strength is generally 20 ~ 60MPa.Xu Shi Lang [3 Xu Shi Lang, a kind of high-tenacity crack-control impervious fiber concrete, patent of invention CN101665342A] be also that high-tenacity crack-control impervious fiber concrete prepared by the fiber (polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fiber peacekeeping aromatic polyamide fibre) that have employed high-strength high elasticity modulus.Polyvinyl alcohol fiber, the polyethylene fiber peacekeeping aromatic polyamide fibre of high strength and high flexibility mould are expensive, cause material total cost very high.High material construction is the Main Bottleneck restricting high ductility cement-base composite material engineer applied, reduces the top priority that material construction has become this technical study.
Polypropylene fibre is a kind of low strong low-elasticity-modulus fiber, and tensile strength is low, and be 300 ~ 800MPa, Young's modulus is low, be 5 ~ 10GPa, but fiber cost is low, if greatly can reduce material cost for the preparation of high ductility cement-base composite material.Shenyang Building Univ. doctor Yu Jiahuan develops a kind of polypropylene fibre in the recent period and strengthens high ductility cement-base composite material [4 Yu families are joyous, a kind of high-toughness polypropylene fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, patent of invention CN101891417A].This material preparation process is consuming time, power consumption, and churning time reaches 80 ~ 120 minutes, and this reduces the preparation efficiency of material greatly, adds material produce energy consumption.In addition, because polypropylene fibre intensity is low, it is low to play mould, the ultimate compression strength of high ductility cement-base composite material prepared by single use polypropylene fibre is no more than 50MPa.
In view of the limitation existed in above-mentioned prior art, be necessary to research and develop the high and high ductility cement-base composite material that cost is low of a kind of ultimate compression strength, to improve the integrated quality of high ductility cement-base composite material.
Summary of the invention
The technique means that the present invention adopts the polypropylene fibre of low strong low-elasticity-modulus and one or more high strength and high flexibility modulus fibres (as polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre and glass fibre) to mix again is optimized material property, prepare the high ductility cement-base composite material that ultimate compression strength is high, cost is low, and by optimizing material preparation process, shorten preparation time, enhance productivity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above and realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
There is provided a kind of high ductility cement-base composite material, it is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: the base material of 71.8 ~ 85 parts, the water of 12.9 ~ 25.2 parts, the fiber of 0.89 ~ 2.67 part and the admixture of 0.11 ~ 1.23 part.
Fiber of the present invention can use domestic building fiber, preferably be made up of two or more in polypropylene fibre, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre or glass fibre, the ratio that wherein each fiber accounts for total weight of fiber is respectively: 15% ~ 89.5%, 0% ~ 68.4%, 0% ~ 75.6%, 0% ~ 73.5%, 0% ~ 56.4%.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, in described fiber, polypropylene fibre accounts for 45% ~ 65% of total weight of fiber.
In the preferred a kind of scheme of the present invention, described fiber by weight percentage, is made up of the polypropylene fibre of 63.6% and the glass fibre of 36.4%.
In the preferred another kind of scheme of the present invention, described fiber by weight percentage, by the polypropylene fibre of 53.7%, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber of 25.8% and 20.5% glass fibre form.
In the present invention's another scheme preferred, described fiber by weight percentage, is made up of the polypropylene fibre of 48.4% and the polyethylene fibre of 51.6%.
In the present invention's another scheme preferred, described fiber by weight percentage, is made up of the polypropylene fibre of 56.5% and the aromatic polyamide fibre of 43.5%.
Described Fibre diameter is 6 μm ~ 80 μm, and length is 3 ~ 24mm.
Polypropylene fibre tensile strength is 300 ~ 800MPa, and Young's modulus is 5 ~ 10GPa; The polyvinyl alcohol fiber of high strength and high flexibility mould, polyethylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre and glass fibre tensile strength are 1000 ~ 3500MPa, and Young's modulus is 30 ~ 150GPa.
Described base material is made up of cement, mineral admixture and fine aggregate, and the weight ratio of three kinds of compositions is 10 ~ 66.7:20 ~ 90:0 ~ 35.
Described mineral admixture is by one or more the mixture in flyash, ground slag powder or silicon ash.
Described fine aggregate is one or more the mixture in quartz powder, limestone powder or river sand; The maximum particle diameter of fine aggregate is no more than 0.5mm.
Described admixture is water reducer and thickening material.
The preferred polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent of described water reducer or naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent, more preferably polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent.
Described thickening material optimization polypropylene Acrylic associative thickener, ether of cellulose, starch ethers or aluminium salt, more preferably agent for polyacrylic acid thickening.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described high ductility cement-base composite material, and concrete steps are: will join in stirrer in the load weighted cement of described ratio, mineral admixture and fine aggregate, dry mixing 2 ~ 4 minutes; Then water and admixture are added in stirrer in described ratio, stir 4 ~ 8 minutes; Finally add the fiber of described ratio, then stir 6 ~ 8 minutes, namely obtain described high ductility cement-base composite material.The whole whipping process used time is 12 ~ 20 minutes.
Compared with prior art, high ductility cement-base composite material of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. material property is good
Within 28 days of the present invention, material property is: tensile strength is 4.0MPa ~ 6.8MPa, and limit elongation is 1.9% ~ 5.8%, and folding strength is 10.3MPa ~ 18.5MPa, and ultimate compression strength is 50.5MPa ~ 78.6MPa.Fig. 1 gives 28 days stress-strain(ed) curves of embodiment 3.
2. preparation technology simply, newly mixes material good workability
Preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and common concrete batch plant can meet prepares needs, and the whole whipping process used time is only 12 ~ 20 minutes.Newly mix the good workability of material, flowing divergence (under not needing Vibration Condition) is 17 ~ 30cm.
3. cost is low
The cost of polypropylene fibre be about polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre 10 ~ 50%, therefore this project uses polypropylene fibre and other fibers to mix the cost preparing high ductility cement-base composite material again and is reduced to original 15% ~ 50%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 28 days stress-strain(ed) curves of the high ductility cement-base composite material of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The weight ratio of cement, mineral admixture, fine aggregate, fiber, water and admixture is: 24.7%:32.9%:24.7%:1.17%:16.5%:0.19%.This proportioning uses polypropylene fibre and glass fibre, and the weight ratio of two kinds of fibers is: 63.6%:36.4%.Load weighted cement, mineral admixture and fine aggregate are joined in stirrer, dry mixing 2 minutes; Admixture is dissolved in water, then slowly add in agitation vat together, stir 5 minutes; Fiber is spread in agitation vat, then stirs 7 minutes.
Described mineral admixture is flyash; Described fine aggregate is mixed by the weight ratio of 1:1 by quartz powder and river sand; Described admixture is made up of polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent and agent for polyacrylic acid thickening.
Within 28 days, material property is as follows: tensile strength is 4.0MPa, and limit elongation is 3.2%, and folding strength is 10.3MPa, and ultimate compression strength is 50.5MPa.
Embodiment 2:
The weight ratio of cement, mineral admixture, fine aggregate, fiber, water and admixture is: 40.8%:24.5%:16.8%:1.29%:16.3%:0.37%.This proportioning uses polypropylene fibre, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and glass fibre, and the weight ratio of three kinds of fibers is: 53.7%:25.8%:20.5%.Load weighted cement, mineral admixture and fine aggregate are joined in stirrer, dry mixing 2 minutes; Admixture is dissolved in water, then slowly add in agitation vat together, stir 6 minutes; Fiber is spread in agitation vat, then stirs 10 minutes.
Described mineral admixture is mixed according to the weight ratio of 8:1 by flyash and silicon ash; Described fine aggregate is quartz powder; Described admixture is made up of polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent and agent for polyacrylic acid thickening.
Within 28 days, material property is as follows: tensile strength is 6.3MPa, and limit elongation is 1.9%, and folding strength is 17.9MPa, and ultimate compression strength is 78.6MPa.
Embodiment 3:
The weight ratio of cement, mineral admixture, fine aggregate, fiber, water and admixture is: 33.5%:31.3%:18.4%:1.4%:14.6%:0.8%.This proportioning uses polypropylene fibre, polyethylene fibre, and the weight ratio of two kinds of fibers is: 48.4%:51.6%.Load weighted cement, mineral admixture and fine aggregate are joined in stirrer, dry mixing 3 minutes; Admixture is dissolved in water, then slowly add in agitation vat together, stir 8 minutes; Fiber is spread in agitation vat, then stirs 8 minutes.
Described mineral admixture is mixed according to the weight ratio of 10:1 by ground slag powder and silicon ash; Described fine aggregate is mixed by the weight ratio of 2:5 by limestone powder and river sand; Described admixture is made up of polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent and agent for polyacrylic acid thickening.
Within 28 days, material property is as follows: tensile strength is 6.8MPa, and limit elongation is 5.8%, and folding strength is 18.5MPa, and ultimate compression strength is 78.4MPa.
Embodiment 4:
The weight ratio of cement, mineral admixture, fine aggregate, fiber, water and admixture is: 39.1%:23.5%:15.7%:1.4%:19.6%:0.7%.This proportioning uses polypropylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre, and the weight ratio of two kinds of fibers is: 56.5%:43.5%.Load weighted cement, mineral admixture and fine aggregate are joined in stirrer, dry mixing 3 minutes; Admixture is dissolved in water, then slowly add in agitation vat together, stir 7 minutes; Fiber is spread in agitation vat, then stirs 10 minutes.
Described mineral admixture is flyash; Described fine aggregate is quartz powder; Described admixture is made up of polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent and agent for polyacrylic acid thickening.
Within 28 days, material property is as follows: tensile strength is 5.7MPa, and limit elongation is 2.1%, and folding strength is 16.5MPa, and ultimate compression strength is 61.7MPa.
Claims (8)
1. a high ductility cement-base composite material, is characterized in that, it is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
The base material of 71.8 ~ 85 parts, the water of 12.9 ~ 25.2 parts, the fiber of 0.89 ~ 2.67 part and the admixture of 0.11 ~ 1.23 part;
Described fiber is made up of two or more in polypropylene fibre, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyethylene fibre, aromatic polyamide fibre or glass fibre, and the ratio that wherein each fiber accounts for total weight of fiber is respectively: 45% ~ 65%, 0% ~ 68.4%, 0% ~ 75.6%, 0% ~ 73.5%, 0% ~ 56.4%;
Described base material is made up of cement, mineral admixture and fine aggregate, and the weight ratio of three kinds of compositions is 10 ~ 66.7:20 ~ 90:0 ~ 35;
Described admixture is water reducer and thickening material; Described water reducer is polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent or naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent; Described thickening material is agent for polyacrylic acid thickening, ether of cellulose, starch ethers or aluminium salt;
Above-mentioned high ductility cement-base composite material is prepared from accordance with the following methods: will join in stirrer in the load weighted base material of described ratio, dry mixing 2 ~ 4 minutes; Then water and admixture are added in stirrer in described ratio, stir 4 ~ 8 minutes; Finally add the fiber of described ratio, then stir 6 ~ 8 minutes, namely obtain described high ductility cement-base composite material.
2. high ductility cement-base composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fiber by weight percentage, is made up of the polypropylene fibre of 63.6% and the glass fibre of 36.4%.
3. high ductility cement-base composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fiber by weight percentage, by the polypropylene fibre of 53.7%, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber of 25.8% and 20.5% glass fibre form.
4. high ductility cement-base composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fiber by weight percentage, is made up of the polypropylene fibre of 48.4% and the polyethylene fibre of 51.6%.
5. high ductility cement-base composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fiber by weight percentage, is made up of the polypropylene fibre of 56.5% and the aromatic polyamide fibre of 43.5%.
6. high ductility cement-base composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described mineral admixture is by one or more the mixture in flyash, ground slag powder or silicon ash; Described fine aggregate is one or more the mixture in quartz powder, limestone powder or river sand; The maximum particle diameter of fine aggregate is no more than 0.5mm.
7. high ductility cement-base composite material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water reducer is polycarboxylate high performance water-reducing agent, described thickening material is agent for polyacrylic acid thickening.
8. prepare the method for high ductility cement-base composite material according to claim 1, concrete steps are: will join in stirrer in the load weighted base material of described ratio, dry mixing 2 ~ 4 minutes; Then water and admixture are added in stirrer in described ratio, stir 4 ~ 8 minutes; Finally add the fiber of described ratio, then stir 6 ~ 8 minutes, namely obtain described high ductility cement-base composite material.
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