CN103642726B - A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process - Google Patents
A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103642726B CN103642726B CN201310631018.7A CN201310631018A CN103642726B CN 103642726 B CN103642726 B CN 103642726B CN 201310631018 A CN201310631018 A CN 201310631018A CN 103642726 B CN103642726 B CN 103642726B
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000222178 Candida tropicalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000222393 Phanerochaete chrysosporium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, subtilis mould by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood, Bacillus licheniformis and candida tropicalis form.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: microbial bacteria agent prescription of the present invention is reasonable, easy to use, stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is fast, has that combination is new, structure is steady, enzyme lives strong, bacterium number high; The present invention can carry out high-efficiency environment friendly fermentation to maize straw material, makes containing a large amount of micro-organisms living cell, decomposition enzyme and other activeconstituents in feed, effectively the utilization ratio of raising maize straw material.Not only have and solve the realistic meaning of problem of environmental pollution, and be improved the actual application value of protein content in maize straw material, nutritive value, create good precondition for maize straw resourceization utilizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of microbial fermentation, especially relate to a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process.
Background technology
The fibrous matter that the whole world is produced by photosynthesis is every year very abundant, and China produces agricultural crop straw per year and reaches 500,000,000 tons.Wherein, depolarization small part stalk be used as the ruminant feeds such as cattle and sheep or also field do outside fertilizer, major part is burned, discard.The fuel value of crop material is very low, only have 4200 cards/gram, only having 32% of methane gas, 55% of ethanol, therefore, is directly very large as waste of fuel, and also contaminate environment.And be directly used as feed, due to xylogen, the cell walls that Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose are formed is difficult by Gastric juice digestion, therefore digestibility is also bad.Still state's agricultural crop straw utilization ratio is very low.
Present stage has had all to be correlated with problem at research related microorganism stalk fermentation in many ways, and has occurred the microbiobacterial agent of a series of related microorganism fermentation.But the microbiobacterial agent utilized in present stage stalk fermentation degradation process exists that kind is single, capacity of decomposition is weak, Mierocrystalline cellulose total degradation rate is low and the problem such as fermentation period is long.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency overcoming currently available products, there is provided a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof, the associated problem such as overcome that the microbiobacterial agent kind utilized in original stalk fermentation degradation process is single, capacity of decomposition is weak, Mierocrystalline cellulose total degradation rate is low and fermentation period is long.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum that utilizes and carries out the method for fermenting, and in order to prepare straw organic fertilizer, will obtain organic fertilizer, decomposition into field.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is mould by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and candida tropicalis form.
The each volume components mark of described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is:
The preparation method of described a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, comprising step is:
Step 1: described Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, candida tropicalis are inoculated into respectively in corresponding substratum and carry out activation culture, obtain generation bacterial strain respectively;
Step 2: five kinds of generation bacterial strains step 1 obtained individually are inoculated in nutrient broth agar substratum to spread cultivation and obtain five kinds of bacterium liquid;
Step 3: obtain described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum after five kinds of bacterium liquid that step 2 obtains by volume equal proportion mixing.
When described step 1 carries out activation culture, Phanerochaete chrysosporium PDA substratum, the mould sabouraud's agar of healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis nutrient broth agar substratum, candida tropicalis corn tween 80 nutrient agar.
Described step 1 activation culture temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and the activation culture time is 3-5 days.
Described step 2 spread cultivation in process, the temperature that spreads cultivation is 25-32 DEG C, and the time of spreading cultivation is 3-5 days.
The culture temperature of the activation culture of described step 1 is 28 DEG C.
The method utilizing maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum to ferment to maize straw, comprising step is:
(1) stalk pre-treatment: mixed with quantitative organonitrogen, composite trace element, dregs of beans, rapeseed cake by stalk, makes content of water in system between 65-75%, obtained fermentation substrate;
(2) microbial inoculum activation: activate during microbiobacterial agent is inoculated into containing 0.85%NaCl and 1% glucose mixed aqueous solution 0.8-1.2L by the consumption of every 100kg fermentation substrate 0.15L;
(3) fermentation substrate is stacked: layer overlay thickness is the fermentation substrate of 30-40cm on fermentation ground, then one deck organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention is sprinkled, repave last layer fermentation substrate and organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention successively, when total consumption of organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is the 10-15% of fermentation substrate, stop heap high, and covered with plastic film;
(4) stalk fermentation: terminate fermentation when the 7-10 days secondary fermentation substrates of fermenting gently are rubbed with the hands namely broken, pile warm 28-35 DEG C in stalk fermentation process.
The weight ratio of described fermentation substrate consists of: corn stalk powder 95%, dregs of beans 2%, rapeseed cake 2%, urea 0.5%, composite trace element 0.5%; Wherein the weight ratio of composite trace element consists of: (NH4)
2sO
4: 0.05%, K
2hSO
4: 0.05%, MgSO
4: 0.05%, CaCl
2: 0.05%, NaCl:0.3%.
Described corn stalk powder, preparation method is: maize straw section maize straw cutting machine being cut into 2-3mm, Powdered stand-by what use pulverizer to be particle diameter 3-5 μm by the pulverizing of maize straw section.
Maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention is through a large amount of shaker test, the microbial bacteria agent prescription obtained is reasonable, easy to use, stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is fast, adopt Modern microbiological fermentation engineering, a kind of complex micro organism fungicide that the function stem combination that screening and culturing multiple efficiently can be produced cellulase, hemicellulase and lignoenzyme is cultivated, subtilis 20% mould 20% by Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, healthy and free from worry wood, Bacillus licheniformis 20% and candida tropicalis 20%.Multi-functional bacterial strain is formed, and has that combination is new, structure is steady, enzyme lives strong, bacterium number high.
Microbiobacterial agent of the present invention can accelerate stalk fermentation, has good synergy between this microbial inoculum microorganism; To the maize straw being difficult to degrade, there is efficient degradation property, adapt to external environment ability strong.Maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum energy quick composting stalk of the present invention, can become thoroughly decomposed field straw rapidly at about 7 to 10 days, greatly reduce relative to the microbial inoculum of prior art the time of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The microbiobacterial agent of five kinds of microorganism mixing acquisitions can significantly improve the fermentation efficiency of stalk compared with prior art, significantly improve the biological transformation ratio of stalk.In agricultural, livestock-raising, there is good promotional value.Solve in crops straw returning field simultaneously and there is problem that is slow, also field difficulty of becoming thoroughly decomposed, improve soil organic matter content, solve the quagmire that government encourage, peasant slack off in straw-returning problem for a long time.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: microbial bacteria agent prescription of the present invention is reasonable, easy to use, stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is fast, has that combination is new, structure is steady, enzyme lives strong, bacterium number high; The present invention can carry out high-efficiency environment friendly fermentation to maize straw material, makes containing a large amount of micro-organisms living cell, decomposition enzyme and other activeconstituents in feed, effectively the utilization ratio of raising maize straw material.Not only have and solve the realistic meaning of problem of environmental pollution, and be improved the actual application value of protein content in maize straw material, nutritive value, create good precondition for maize straw resourceization utilizes.
Embodiment
The technique means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention being further elaborated, but not limiting protection scope of the present invention.To according to embodiment provided by the invention, details are as follows:
Embodiment 1
A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is mould by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and candida tropicalis form.
The each volume components mark of described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is:
The preparation method of described a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, comprising step is:
Step 1: described Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, candida tropicalis are inoculated into respectively in corresponding substratum and carry out activation culture, obtain generation bacterial strain respectively;
Step 2: five kinds of generation bacterial strains step 1 obtained individually are inoculated in nutrient broth agar substratum to spread cultivation and obtain five kinds of bacterium liquid;
Step 3: obtain described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum after five kinds of bacterium liquid that step 2 obtains by volume equal proportion mixing.
When described step 1 carries out activation culture, Phanerochaete chrysosporium PDA substratum, the mould sabouraud's agar of healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis nutrient broth agar substratum, candida tropicalis corn tween 80 nutrient agar.
Described step 1 activation culture temperature is 25 DEG C, and the activation culture time is 3 days.
Described step 2 spread cultivation in process, the temperature that spreads cultivation is 25 DEG C, and the time of spreading cultivation is 3 days.
The method utilizing maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum to ferment to maize straw, comprising step is:
(1) stalk pre-treatment: mixed with quantitative organonitrogen, composite trace element, dregs of beans, rapeseed cake by stalk, makes content of water in system 65%, obtained fermentation substrate;
(2) microbial inoculum activation: activate during microbiobacterial agent is inoculated into containing 0.85%NaCl and 1% glucose mixed aqueous solution 0.8L by the consumption of every 100kg fermentation substrate 0.15L;
(3) fermentation substrate is stacked: layer overlay thickness is the fermentation substrate of 30cm on fermentation ground, then one deck organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention is sprinkled, repave last layer fermentation substrate and organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention successively, when total consumption of organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is 10% of fermentation substrate, stop heap high, and covered with plastic film;
(4) stalk fermentation: terminate fermentation, heap temperature 28 DEG C in stalk fermentation process when the 7 days secondary fermentation substrates of fermenting gently are rubbed with the hands namely broken.
Described in step (1), organonitrogen is urea.The weight ratio of described fermentation substrate consists of: Semen Maydis powder 95%, dregs of beans 2%, rapeseed cake 2%, urea 0.5%, composite trace element 0.5%; Wherein the weight ratio of compound trace consists of: (NH4)
2sO
4: 0.05%, K
2hSO
4: 0.05%, MgSO
4: 0.05%, CaCl
2: 0.05%, NaCl:0.3%.
The above maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process, meet the proportional range of microbiobacterial agent of the present invention, and can reach the action effect of described microbiobacterial agent.
Embodiment 2
A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is mould by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and candida tropicalis form.
The each volume components mark of described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is:
The preparation method of described a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, comprising step is:
Step 1: described Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, candida tropicalis are inoculated into respectively in corresponding substratum and carry out activation culture, obtain generation bacterial strain respectively;
Step 2: five kinds of generation bacterial strains step 1 obtained individually are inoculated in nutrient broth agar substratum to spread cultivation and obtain five kinds of bacterium liquid;
Step 3: obtain described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum after five kinds of bacterium liquid that step 2 obtains by volume equal proportion mixing.
When described step 1 carries out activation culture, Phanerochaete chrysosporium PDA substratum, the mould sabouraud's agar of healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis nutrient broth agar substratum, candida tropicalis corn tween 80 nutrient agar.
Described step 1 activation culture temperature is 28 DEG C, and the activation culture time is 5 days.
Described step 2 spread cultivation in process, the temperature that spreads cultivation is 32 DEG C, and the time of spreading cultivation is 5 days.
The method utilizing maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum to ferment to maize straw, comprising step is:
(1) stalk pre-treatment: mixed with quantitative organonitrogen, composite trace element, dregs of beans, rapeseed cake by stalk, makes content of water in system 75%, obtained fermentation substrate;
(2) microbial inoculum activation: activate during microbiobacterial agent is inoculated into containing 0.85%NaCl and 1% glucose mixed aqueous solution 1.2L by the consumption of every 100kg fermentation substrate 0.15L;
(3) fermentation substrate is stacked: layer overlay thickness is the fermentation substrate of 40cm on fermentation ground, then one deck organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention is sprinkled, repave last layer fermentation substrate and organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention successively, when total consumption of organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is 15% of fermentation substrate, stop heap high, and covered with plastic film;
(4) stalk fermentation: terminate fermentation, heap temperature 35 DEG C in stalk fermentation process when the 10 days secondary fermentation substrates of fermenting gently are rubbed with the hands namely broken.
Described in step (1), organonitrogen is urea.The weight ratio of described fermentation substrate consists of: Semen Maydis powder 95%, dregs of beans 2%, rapeseed cake 2%, urea 0.5%, composite trace element 0.5%; Wherein the weight ratio of compound trace consists of: (NH4)
2sO
4: 0.05%, K
2hSO
4: 0.05%, MgSO
4: 0.05%, CaCl
2: 0.05%, NaCl:0.3%.
The above maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process, meet the proportional range of microbiobacterial agent of the present invention, and can reach the action effect of described microbiobacterial agent.
Embodiment 3
A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is mould by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and candida tropicalis form.
The each volume components mark of described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is:
The preparation method of described a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, comprising step is:
Step 1: described Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, candida tropicalis are inoculated into respectively in corresponding substratum and carry out activation culture, obtain generation bacterial strain respectively;
Step 2: five kinds of generation bacterial strains step 1 obtained individually are inoculated in nutrient broth agar substratum to spread cultivation and obtain five kinds of bacterium liquid;
Step 3: obtain described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum after five kinds of bacterium liquid that step 2 obtains by volume equal proportion mixing.
When described step 1 carries out activation culture, Phanerochaete chrysosporium PDA substratum, the mould sabouraud's agar of healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis nutrient broth agar substratum, candida tropicalis corn tween 80 nutrient agar.
Described step 1 activation culture temperature is 26.5 DEG C, and the activation culture time is 4 days.
Described step 2 spread cultivation in process, the temperature that spreads cultivation is 26.5 DEG C, and the time of spreading cultivation is 4 days.
The method utilizing maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum to ferment to maize straw, comprising step is:
(1) stalk pre-treatment: mixed with quantitative organonitrogen by stalk, makes content of water in system 70%, obtained fermentation substrate;
(2) microbial inoculum activation: activate during microbiobacterial agent is inoculated into containing 0.85%NaCl and 1% glucose mixed aqueous solution 1L by the consumption of every 100kg fermentation substrate 0.15L;
(3) fermentation substrate is stacked: layer overlay thickness is the fermentation substrate of 35cm on fermentation ground, then one deck organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention is sprinkled, repave last layer fermentation substrate and organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention successively, when total consumption of organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is 12.5% of fermentation substrate, stop heap high, and covered with plastic film;
(4) stalk fermentation: terminate fermentation, heap temperature 31 DEG C in stalk fermentation process when the 8 days secondary fermentation substrates of fermenting gently are rubbed with the hands namely broken.
Described in step (1), organonitrogen is urea.The weight ratio of described fermentation substrate consists of: Semen Maydis powder 95%, dregs of beans 2%, rapeseed cake 2%, urea 0.5%, composite trace element 0.5%; Wherein the weight ratio of compound trace consists of: (NH4)
2sO
4: 0.05%, K
2hSO
4: 0.05%, MgSO
4: 0.05%, CaCl
2: 0.05%, NaCl:0.3%.
The above maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process, meet the proportional range of microbiobacterial agent of the present invention, and can reach the action effect of described microbiobacterial agent.
Above embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, but described content being only preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not being considered to for limiting practical range of the present invention.All equalizations done according to the present patent application scope change and improve, and all should still belong within patent covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum, it is characterized in that, described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is mould by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and candida tropicalis form, and each volume components mark of described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is:
2. the preparation method of a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprising step is:
Step 1: described Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, candida tropicalis are inoculated into respectively in corresponding substratum and carry out activation culture, obtain generation bacterial strain respectively;
Step 2: five kinds of generation bacterial strains step 1 obtained individually are inoculated in nutrient broth agar substratum to spread cultivation and obtain five kinds of bacterium liquid;
Step 3: obtain described maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum after five kinds of bacterium liquid that step 2 obtains by volume equal proportion mixing.
3. the preparation method of a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, when described step 1 carries out activation culture, Phanerochaete chrysosporium PDA substratum, the mould sabouraud's agar of healthy and free from worry wood, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis nutrient broth agar substratum, candida tropicalis corn tween 80 nutrient agar.
4. the preparation method of a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step 1 activation culture temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and the activation culture time is 3-5 days.
5. the preparation method of a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2 spread cultivation in process, the temperature that spreads cultivation is 25-32 DEG C, and the time of spreading cultivation is 3-5 days.
6. the preparation method of a kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the culture temperature of the activation culture of described step 1 is 28 DEG C.
7. utilize the method that described in claim 1, maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum ferments to maize straw, it is characterized in that, comprising step is:
(1) stalk pre-treatment: mixed with quantitative organonitrogen, composite trace element, dregs of beans, rapeseed cake by stalk, makes content of water in system between 65-75%, obtained fermentation substrate;
(2) microbial inoculum activation: activate during microbiobacterial agent is inoculated into containing 0.85%NaCl and 1% glucose mixed aqueous solution 0.8-1.2L by the consumption of every 100kg fermentation substrate 0.15L;
(3) fermentation substrate is stacked: layer overlay thickness is the fermentation substrate of 30-40cm on fermentation ground, then one deck organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention is sprinkled, repave last layer fermentation substrate and organism of fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention successively, when total consumption of organism of fermentation microbial inoculum is the 10-15% of fermentation substrate, stop heap high, and covered with plastic film;
(4) stalk fermentation: terminate fermentation when the 7-10 days secondary fermentation substrates of fermenting gently are rubbed with the hands namely broken, pile warm 28-35 DEG C in stalk fermentation process.
8. maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum method that maize straw is fermented according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described fermentation substrate consists of: corn stalk powder 95%, dregs of beans 2%, rapeseed cake 2%, urea 0.5%, composite trace element 0.5%.
9. the maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum method of fermenting to maize straw according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described composite trace element consists of: (NH4)
2sO
4: 0.05%, K
2hSO
4: 0.05%, MgSO
4: 0.05%, CaCl
2: 0.05%, NaCl:0.3%.
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CN108813109A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-11-16 | 黑龙江八农垦大学 | Composite fungus fermented straw feed and preparation method thereof |
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